Grammatical Sūtra: वनं पुरगामिश्रकासिध्रकाशारिकाकोटराऽग्रेभ्यः vanaṃ puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāśārikākoṭarā'grebhyaḥ Individual Word Components: vanam (ṣaṣṭhīsthāne vyatyayena prathamā) puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāśārikākoṭarā'grebhyaḥSūtra with anuvṛtti words: vanam (ṣaṣṭhīsthāne vyatyayena prathamā) puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāśārikākoṭarā'grebhyaḥ pūrvatra (8.2.1 ), asiddham (8.2.1 ), saṁhitāyām (8.2.108 ), raṣābhyām (8.4.1 ), naḥ (8.4.1 ), ṇaḥ (8.4.1 ), samānapade (8.4.1 ), pūrvapadāt (8.4.3 ), saṃjñāyām (8.4.3 ), agaḥ (8.4.3 ) Type of Rule: niyamaPreceding adhikāra rule: 8.3.64 (1sthādiṣv abhyāsena ca abhyāsasya)
Description:
The ((na)) of ((vana)), is changed into ((ṇa)), when preceded by the words puragâ, miśrakâ, sidhrakâ, śarikâ, koṭarâ, and agre, as first members of the compound, and the whole compound is a name. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[The retroflex nasal stop ṇ replaces the dental nasal stop n 1 of the posterior member 3] vána- `forest' [when co-occurring after 1.1.67 prior members in composition] puragā-°, miśrakā-°, sidhrakā-°, śārikā-°, koṭarā-° `names of trees' and ágre-° `in front' [to derive names 3, in continuous utterance 2.108]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini Anuvṛtti: 8.4.1 , 8.4.2 , 8.4.3
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : ā ag re
i ty
pūrvapadāt saṃjñāyam iti vartate. puragā miśrakā sighrakā śārikā koṭarā agre
ityetebhyaḥ pūrvapadebhyaḥ uttarasya vananakārasya ṇakārādeśo bhavati saṃjñāyāṃ viṣaye.
puragāvaṇam. miśrakāvaṇam. sighrakāvaṇam. śārikāvaṇam. koṭarāvaṇam. agrevaṇam. siddhe
satyārambho niyamārthaḥ, etebhya eva parasya vananakārasya ṇakārādeśo bhavati, na anyebhyaḥ
iti. kuberavanam. śatadhāravanam. asipatravanam.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : ñā ya m it i
vanaṃ puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāśārikākoṭarāgrebhyaḥ 8.4.4 pūrvapadāt saṃjñāyam iti vartate. puragā miśraka sighrakā śārikā koṭarā agre ityetebhyaḥ pūrvapadebhyaḥ uttarasya vananakārasya ṇakārādeśo bhavati saṃjñāyāṃ viṣaye. puragāvaṇam. miśrakavaṇam. sighrakāvaṇam. śārikāvaṇam. koṭarāvaṇam. agrevaṇam. siddhe satyārambho niyamārthaḥ, etebhya eva parasya vananakārasya ṇakārādeśo bhavati, na anyebhyaḥ iti. kuberavanam. śatadhāravanam. asipatravanam.
Nyāsa2 : hī st hā ne s
vanaṃ puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāśārikākoṭarāgrebhyaḥ. , 8.4.4 vanamiti ṣaṣṭhīsthāne subbyatyayena prathamā. "puragāvaṇam()" iti ṣaṣṭhīsamāsaḥ. "vanagiryoḥ saṃjñāyāṃ koṭarakiṃśulukādīnām()" 6.3.116 iti pūrvapadasya dīrghaḥ. "agrevaṇam()" iti. ṣaṣṭhosamāsaḥ. tasmin? kṛte rājadantādivadvanaśabdasya paranipātaḥ. "haladantāt? saptamyāḥ sajñāyām()" 6.3.8 iti saptamyā aluk().
nanu ca pūrveṇaiva ṇatvaṃ siddham(), tatkimartho'yam()? ityata āha--"siddhe" ityādi. puragādibhyo vananakārasyaiveti viparītaniyamo nāśaṅkanīyaḥ, puragādīnaṃ kṛtadīrghāṇāṃ nirdeśāt(). sahrevamarthaḥ kriyate--yatraiṣāṃ dīrghatvaṃ tatra niyamo yathā syāt(), anyatra mā bhūditi. anyatā "anagiryoḥ" 6.3.116 ityanenaiva dīrghatve siddhe daurghoccāraṇaṃ gauravaphalameva kevalaṃ syāt(). tasmādyatraiṣāṃ dīrghatvaṃ tatraiva niyamaḥ. ato vyavacchedyāmābhāvānna bhavati viparītaniyamāśaṅkā; na hi vanādanyasminnamīṣāṃ pūrvapadabhūtānāṃ dīrghatvamasti॥
Bālamanoramā1 : pr at ha mā .
Sū #1024
tatra ṇatvavidhiṃ darśayati–vanaṃ puragā. vanamiti. ṣaṣṭha\ufffdrthe prathamā.
ityabhipretyāha-vanaśabdasyeti. ebhya iti. puragā, miśrakā, sidhrakā, sārikā, koṭara,
agre ityetebhya eva parasya uttarapadasya vanaśabdasya yo nakārastasya ṇatvamityanvayaḥ.
`raṣābhyām' ityato `ṇo naḥ' ityanuvṛtteḥ. sūtre `agre' iti
saptamyantasyānukaraṇam. nanviha bhinnapadatvāt `aṭkupvā'ṅiti
ṇatvasyā'prāpterapūrvavidhyarthakatvāvaśyakatvādebhya eveti kathaṃ niyamalābha ityata āha–
iha koṭarāntā iti. iha=ṇatvavidhāvupāttāḥ puragā miśrakā sidhrakā sārikā koṭara
ityevaṃ pañca śabdāḥ, eva vanagiryoriti dīrghāvidhau koṭarādiśabdena vivakṣitā
ityarthaḥ. tataḥ kimityata āha–teṣāmiti. ṇatvavidhau tāvatpuragādiśabdāḥ pañca
dīrghāntā eva nirdiṣṭāḥ. dīrghastu teṣāṃ saṃjñāyāmeva `vanagiryoriti'vihitaḥ.
evaṃca eteṣāmasaṃjñāyāṃ dīrghā'bhāvātsaṃjñāyāmeva `vanaṃ purage'ti ṇatvavidhiriti
paryavasyati. tataśca teṣu vanaśabdanakārasya `pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyāmagaḥ' ityeva ṇatve
siddhe punarapi kṛtadīrghasya puragādipañcakasya ṇatvavidhau nirdeśo niyamārthaḥ saṃpadyata
ityarthaḥ. agreśabdasya tviti. ṇatvavidhāvagreśabdasya nirdeśastu agrevaṇaśabde
apūrvaṇatvavidhyartha eva, na tu niyamārthaḥ. agrevaṇaśabdasyā'saṃjñāyāmagaḥ' ityeva
ṇatve siddhe punarapi kṛtadīrghasya puragādipañcakasya ṇatvavidhau nirdeśo niyamārthaḥ
saṃpadyata ityarthaḥ. agreśabdasya tviti. ṇatvavidhāvagreśabdasya nirdeśastu
agrevaṇaśabde apūrvaṇatvavidhyartha eva, na tu niyamārthaḥ.
agrevaṇaśabdasyā'saṃjñātvāditi bhāvaḥ. na ca puragāvaṇaśabde gakāravyavadhānāt
`pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā'mityasya prāptyasaṃbhavādatra apūrvaṇatvavidhyarthameva
puragāgrahaṇamiti vācyam, `aga' iti hi pañcamī, gakārāntātpūrvapadātparasya ṇatvaṃ
neti labhyate. puragāśabdastvayamākārānta eva, na tu gakārānta iti, tatra aga iti
niṣedhā'prāptyā `pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā'mityeva siddhe, puragāgrahaṇamapi
niyamārthameveti bhāvaḥ. puragāvaṇamityādayo nakaraviśeṣāṇāṃ saṃjñāḥ. asipatravanamiti.
narakaviśeṣo'yam. atra saṃjñātve'pi pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā'miti ṇatvaṃ na bhavati, ebhya
eveti niyamāditi bhāvaḥ. agrevaṇamiti. vanaśabdasya ṣaṣṭha\ufffdntasya agreśabdena saha
ṣaṣṭhīsamāsa iti bhāvaḥ. nanu tarhi `supo dhātvi'ti saptamyā api suk syādityata āha–
rājadantādiṣviti. anena vanaśabdasya paranipāto'pisūcitaḥ. nanu
saptamyarthaprādhānyātsaptamī syādityata āha–prātipadiketi. saptamyarthasya
prātipadike'ntarbhāvāditi bhāvaḥ. kiṃśulukādīnāmudāharaṇamāha–kiṃśulukāgiririti.
`añjanāgiri'rityapyudāhāryam.
Bālamanoramā2 : av id hi ṃ da
vanaṃ puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāsārikākoṭarāgrebhyaḥ 1024, 8.4.4 tatra ṇatvavidhiṃ darśayati--vanaṃ puragā. vanamiti. ṣaṣṭha()rthe prathamā. ityabhipretyāha-vanaśabdasyeti. ebhya iti. puragā, miśrakā, sidhrakā, sārikā, koṭara, agre ityetebhya eva parasya uttarapadasya vanaśabdasya yo nakārastasya ṇatvamityanvayaḥ. "raṣābhyām" ityato "ṇo naḥ" ityanuvṛtteḥ. sūtre "agre" iti saptamyantasyānukaraṇam. nanviha bhinnapadatvāt "aṭkupvā"ṅiti ṇatvasyā'prāpterapūrvavidhyarthakatvāvaśyakatvādebhya eveti kathaṃ niyamalābha ityata āha--iha koṭarāntā iti. iha=ṇatvavidhāvupāttāḥ puragā miśrakā sidhrakā sārikā koṭara ityevaṃ pañca śabdāḥ, eva vanagiryoriti dīrghāvidhau koṭarādiśabdena vivakṣitā ityarthaḥ. tataḥ kimityata āha--teṣāmiti. ṇatvavidhau tāvatpuragādiśabdāḥ pañca dīrghāntā eva nirdiṣṭāḥ. dīrghastu teṣāṃ saṃjñāyāmeva "vanagiryoriti"vihitaḥ. evaṃca eteṣāmasaṃjñāyāṃ dīrghā'bhāvātsaṃjñāyāmeva "vanaṃ purage"ti ṇatvavidhiriti paryavasyati. tataśca teṣu vanaśabdanakārasya "pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyāmagaḥ" ityeva ṇatve siddhe punarapi kṛtadīrghasya puragādipañcakasya ṇatvavidhau nirdeśo niyamārthaḥ saṃpadyata ityarthaḥ. agreśabdasya tviti. ṇatvavidhāvagreśabdasya nirdeśastu agrevaṇaśabde apūrvaṇatvavidhyartha eva, na tu niyamārthaḥ. agrevaṇaśabdasyā'saṃjñāyāmagaḥ" ityeva ṇatve siddhe punarapi kṛtadīrghasya puragādipañcakasya ṇatvavidhau nirdeśo niyamārthaḥ saṃpadyata ityarthaḥ. agreśabdasya tviti. ṇatvavidhāvagreśabdasya nirdeśastu agrevaṇaśabde apūrvaṇatvavidhyartha eva, na tu niyamārthaḥ. agrevaṇaśabdasyā'saṃjñātvāditi bhāvaḥ. na ca puragāvaṇaśabde gakāravyavadhānāt "pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā"mityasya prāptyasaṃbhavādatra apūrvaṇatvavidhyarthameva puragāgrahaṇamiti vācyam, "aga" iti hi pañcamī, gakārāntātpūrvapadātparasya ṇatvaṃ neti labhyate. puragāśabdastvayamākārānta eva, na tu gakārānta iti, tatra aga iti niṣedhā'prāptyā "pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā"mityeva siddhe, puragāgrahaṇamapi niyamārthameveti bhāvaḥ. puragāvaṇamityādayo nakaraviśeṣāṇāṃ saṃjñāḥ. asipatravanamiti. narakaviśeṣo'yam. atra saṃjñātve'pi pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā"miti ṇatvaṃ na bhavati, ebhya eveti niyamāditi bhāvaḥ. agrevaṇamiti. vanaśabdasya ṣaṣṭha()ntasya agreśabdena saha ṣaṣṭhīsamāsa iti bhāvaḥ. nanu tarhi "supo dhātvi"ti saptamyā api suk syādityata āha--rājadantādiṣviti. anena vanaśabdasya paranipāto'pisūcitaḥ. nanu saptamyarthaprādhānyātsaptamī syādityata āha--prātipadiketi. saptamyarthasya prātipadike'ntarbhāvāditi bhāvaḥ. kiṃśulukādīnāmudāharaṇamāha--kiṃśulukāgiririti. "añjanāgiri"rityapyudāhāryam.
Tattvabodhinī1 : ye ti . eb hy Sū #863
vanaṃ puragāṣa vyatyayena ṣaṣṭha\ufffdrthe prathamā ityāha—vanaśabdasyeti. ebhya
eveti. kṛtidīrghebhyaḥ puragādibhya eva parasya ṇatvamityarthaḥ. `ebhyo vanasyaiva ṇatvaṃ
nānyeṣā'miti viparītaniyamaśaṅkā tu na bhavati, vanādanyasminnuttarapade puragādīnāṃ
dīrghāntatvā'saṃbhavāt. niyamārtha iti. ayaṃ bhāvaḥ—`puragāmiśrake'ti
dīrghanirdeśādasaṃjñāyāṃ dīrghā'bhāvena saṃjñāyāmeṇatvamiti phalitam. evaṃ ca
`pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā'mityanenaiva vanasya ṇatve siddhe punarapi kṛtadīrghasya
puragādipañcakasya ṇatvavidhau nirdeśo niyamārtha eveti. vidhyartha iti. asaṃjñātvena
`pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā 'mityasyā'pravṛtteriti bhāvaḥ. na ca puragāgrahaṇamapi
vidhyarthameva, gakāravyayadhānena `pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā'mityasya prāptyabhāvāditi
vācyam, `agaḥ' ityasya pañcamyantatvaṃ svīkṛtya `gāntātpūrvapadātparasya ṇatvaṃ
ne'ti vyākhyānāt. puragāśabdasya tvakārāntatvāt `agaḥ' iti
niṣedhasyā'pravṛtteḥ. ataeva `agaḥ' ityasya `ṛgayana'mityekamevodāharaṇamiti
`aṇṛgayanādibhyaḥ'iti nirdeśāśrayeṇa tatpratyākhyātamākare. puragāvaṇamityādi.
narakaviśeṣasya saṃjñā. asipatravanamiti. `ebhyo vanasyaive'ti viparītaniyame tu ṇatvamatra
durvāramiti bhāvaḥ. saptamyarthasya prātipadikārthe'ntarbhāvādaha—prathameti.
kiṃśulukādīnāmudāharaṇamāha–kiṃśulukāgiririti. ādiśabdagrahrāstu `añjanāgiriḥ'
ityādayaḥ. kiṃśuluketi kim?. kṛṣṇagiriḥ. rāmagiriḥ.
Tattvabodhinī2 : āṣ a vy at ya
vanaṃ puragāmiśrakāsidhrakāsārikākoṭarāprebhyaḥ 863, 8.4.4 vanaṃ puragāṣa vyatyayena ṣaṣṭha()rthe prathamā ityāha---vanaśabdasyeti. ebhya eveti. kṛtidīrghebhyaḥ puragādibhya eva parasya ṇatvamityarthaḥ. "ebhyo vanasyaiva ṇatvaṃ nānyeṣā"miti viparītaniyamaśaṅkā tu na bhavati, vanādanyasminnuttarapade puragādīnāṃ dīrghāntatvā'saṃbhavāt. niyamārtha iti. ayaṃ bhāvaḥ---"puragāmiśrake"ti dīrghanirdeśādasaṃjñāyāṃ dīrghā'bhāvena saṃjñāyāmeṇatvamiti phalitam. evaṃ ca "pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā"mityanenaiva vanasya ṇatve siddhe punarapi kṛtadīrghasya puragādipañcakasya ṇatvavidhau nirdeśo niyamārtha eveti. vidhyartha iti. asaṃjñātvena "pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā "mityasyā'pravṛtteriti bhāvaḥ. na ca puragāgrahaṇamapi vidhyarthameva, gakāravyayadhānena "pūrvapadātsaṃjñāyā"mityasya prāptyabhāvāditi vācyam, "agaḥ" ityasya pañcamyantatvaṃ svīkṛtya "gāntātpūrvapadātparasya ṇatvaṃ ne"ti vyākhyānāt. puragāśabdasya tvakārāntatvāt "agaḥ" iti niṣedhasyā'pravṛtteḥ. ataeva "agaḥ" ityasya "ṛgayana"mityekamevodāharaṇamiti "aṇṛgayanādibhyaḥ"iti nirdeśāśrayeṇa tatpratyākhyātamākare. puragāvaṇamityādi. narakaviśeṣasya saṃjñā. asipatravanamiti. "ebhyo vanasyaive"ti viparītaniyame tu ṇatvamatra durvāramiti bhāvaḥ. saptamyarthasya prātipadikārthe'ntarbhāvādaha---prathameti. kiṃśulukādīnāmudāharaṇamāha--kiṃśulukāgiririti. ādiśabdagrahrāstu "añjanāgiriḥ" ityādayaḥ. kiṃśuluketi kim(). kṛṣṇagiriḥ. rāmagiriḥ.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
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