Pāṇini 8.4.2

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Grammatical Sūtra: अट्कुप्वाङ्नुम्व्यवायेऽपि aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: aṭ‍kupvāṅ‍numvyavāye api
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: aṭ‍kupvāṅ‍numvyavāye api pūrvatra (8.2.1), asiddham (8.2.1), saṁhitāyām (8.2.108), raṣābhyām (8.4.1), naḥ (8.4.1), ṇaḥ (8.4.1), samānapade (8.4.1)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:8.3.64 (1sthādiṣv abhyāsena ca abhyāsasya)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

The substitute ((ṇ)) takes the place of ((n)), even when a vowel, or ((y)), ((v)), ((h)) or a guttural, or a labial, or the preposition ((ā)), or the augment ((num)) intervenes, causing separation. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[The substitute retroflex nasal stop ṇ replaces the dental nasal stop, occurring in the same padá after phonemes r or ṣ 1] even (ápi) when separated by the intervention of vowels, semivowels and h (aṬ), a velar stop (kU) or a labial stop (pU), the particle āṄ or [the infixed increment 1.1.47] nu̱M [in continuous utterance 2.108]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 8.4.1

1/19:tatsamudāye ṇatvāprasiddhiḥ yathā anyatra |*
2/19:tatsamudāye vyavāyasamudāye ṇatvasya aprasiddhiḥ |
3/19:arkeṇa argheṇa |
4/19:yathā anyatra api vyavāyasamudāye kāryam na bhavati |
5/19:kva anyatra |
6/19:numvisarjanīyaśarvyavāye'pi niṃsse niṃssva iti |
7/19:kim punaḥ kāraṇam anyatra api vyavāyasamudāye kāryam na bhavati |
8/19:pratyekam vākyaparisamāptiḥ dṛṣṭā iti |
9/19:tat yathā |
10/19:guṇavṛddhisañjñe pratyekam bhavataḥ |
11/19:nanu ca ayam api asti dṛṣṭāntaḥ samudāye vākyaparisamāptiḥ iti |
12/19:tat yathā |
13/19:gargāḥ śatam daṇḍyantām iti |
14/19:arthinaḥ ca rājānaḥ hiraṇyena bhavanti na ca pratyekam daṇḍayanti |
15/19:yadi evam ekena vyavāye na prāpnoti |
16/19:kiriṇā ririṇā iti |
17/19:ubhayathā api vākyaparisamāptiḥ dṛśyate |
18/19:tat yathā |
19/19:gargaiḥ saha na bhoktavyam iti pratyekam ca na sambhujyate samuditaiḥ ca

Kielhorn/Abhyankar (III,452.21-453.8) Rohatak (V,490-491)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: aṭ ku pu āṅ num ityetair vyavāye 'pi rephaṣākārabhyām uttarasya nakārasya ṇakārā See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye 'pi 8.4.2 aṭ ku pu āṅ num ityetair vyavāye 'pi rephaṣākārabh See More

Nyāsa²: aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi. , 8.4.2 ravābhyāmiti pañcamīnirdeśānnirdiṣṭagrahaṇasyānan See More

aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi. , 8.4.2 ravābhyāmiti pañcamīnirdeśānnirdiṣṭagrahaṇasyānantaryārthatvāt? pūrveṇāḍādivyavadhāne satyapraptameva ṇatvamenana vidhīyate. "paryāṇaddham()" iti. "ṇaha bandhane" (dhā.pā.1166), niṣṭhā, "naho dhaḥ" 8.2.34 iti hakārasya dhakāraḥ, "jhaṣastathorṣo'dhaḥ" 8.2.40 iti takārasya dhakāraḥ, pūrvadhakārasya "jhalāṃ jaś? jhaśi" 8.4.52 iti dakāraḥ. nanu cāṅvyavāye'tra ṇatvaṃ siddham(), "aṇ? savarṇān? gṛhṇāti" (1.1.69) ityaṅo'pyaṅgrahaṇena grahaṇāt? kimarthamāṅgrahaṇam()? ityāha--"āṅgrahaṇam()" ityādi. asatyāṅgrahaṇe "padavapyavāye'pi" 8.4.37 ityāṅvyavāye pratiṣedhaḥ syāt(). atastadbādhanārthamāṅgrahaṇam(). "bṛṃhaṇam()" iti. "bṛha bṛhi vṛddhau" [vahi vṛddhau śabde ca--dhā.pā.] (dhāpā.735,736) "idito numa- dhātoḥ" 7.1.58 iti num(), lyuṭ(), "naścāpadāntasya jhali" 8.3.24 ityanusvāraḥ. kathaṃ punaridaṃ numgrahaṇasyodāharaṇam(), yāvatā'nusvāreṇātra vyavāyaḥ, na numā; "tṛṃhaṇam()" ityatrāpi numo'bhāvāt(), "prenvanam()" ityatraiva prasajyeta, asti hratra numā vyavāyaḥ? iti deśyamāśaṅkyāha--"numgrahaṇam()" ityādi. anusvāropalakṣaṇārthaṃ hratra numgrahaṇam(), na numaḥ pratipādanārtham(). tena kiṃ siddhaṃ bhavati? ityāha--"tena" ityādi. "dṛṃhaṇam()" [tṛṃhaṇam()--kāśikā, padamañjarī ca] iti. "dṛha dṛnha hiṃsāyām()"[tṛha--hiṃsāyām()--dhā.pā.1455 tṛha hiṃsārthaṃ--dhā.pā.1350] (dhā.pā.145501350), lyuṭ(), pūrvavadanusvāraḥ. atra numgrahaṇasyānusvāropalakṣaṇārthatvādasatyapi numyanusyāravyavāye ṇatvaṃ bhavatyeva. apiśabdo'yaṃ vṛṃhaṇamityatra numo'nusvāre tadvyavāye ṇatvaṃ bhavatītyevamarthaṃ dyotayati. "prenvanam()" iti. "ivi vyāptau" (dhā.pā.587). pūrthavaśum(), tasyājhalparatvādanusvāro na bhavati. atrāpyanusvāropalakṣaṇārthatvādvidyamāne'pi nuvyanusvāravyavāyo nāstīti ṇatvaṃ na pravatrtate. yathaiva hi "nakṣatraṃ dṛṣṭvā vāco visṛjyeran()" ityatra nakṣatradarśanakālasyopalakṣaṇārthatvādasatyapi nakṣatradarśane tasmin? kālaviśeṣe sati vācā visujyante, satyapi ca ["ca" nāsti prāṃu.pāṭhaḥ] nakṣatradarśane tasmiśkālaviśeṣābhāve vāco na visṛjyante; tathehāpi numgrahaṇasyānusvāropalakṣaṇārthatvādasatyapi numi yatrānusvāravyavāyo nāsti tatra na bhavatītyedhamartha veditavyam(). kiṃ punariha samudāyena vākyaparisamāptiḥ? pratyekaṃ vā? tatra yadi pūrvakaḥ pakṣa āśrauyate, tadā kvacidapi na syāt(). na hrekasminnudāharaṇe sarveraḍādibhivryavāyaḥ sambhavati. atha dvitīyastadā arkeṇetyādau na syāt, anekena vyavadhānāt()? ityata āha--"vyavāyopalakṣaṇārthatatvāt()" ityādi. ihaiṣāmaḍādīnāṃ vyavāyastasminniti. śaknuvanti caita ekaikāḥ parasparasahitāśca. tamupalakṣayituṃ ye ca tadupalakṣaṇārthamupādīyante teṣāmekena dvābhyāṃ bahubhiśca ya upalakṣitaḥ sa saṅgṛhrata eva. tathā hi--devadattayajñadattaviṣṇumitraiḥ saha nādhyetavyamiyukte devadattādayo ye sahādhyayanapratiṣedhopalakṣaṇārthamupāttāsteṣāmekenāpi saha nādhīyate, dvābhyām(), bahubhiśca. tasmādihāpi vyaṣāyopalakṣaṇārthatvādaḍādīnāṃ taivryastaiḥ, samastaiśca vyavāye ṇatvaṃ bhavati. "vyastaiḥ" iti. tairekaikairavyavāya upalakṣyate. "samastaiḥ" iti. parasparasahitaiḥ. samastagrahaṇamanekopalakṣaṇārtham(). na hi samastaivryavāyaḥ kvacit? sambhavati. evañca kvacit? pratyekaṃ vākyaparisamāptiḥ, kvacidyathāsambhavaṃ samudāyena--ityuktaṃ bhavati. athāpigrahaṇaṃ kimartham()? avyavāye yatā syāditi cet()? na; pūrveṇaiva siddhatvāt()? evaṃ tarhruttarārthamapigrahaṇam(). asati hi tasminnuttarārthe "upasargādasamāse'pi" 8.4.14 ityetadihaiva syāt()--praṇayatīti, yatrāsti vyavāyaḥ. iha tu na syat()--nirṇayatīti, na hratrāḍādīnāmekatamena vyavāyo'sti॥

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī¹: aṭ kavargaḥ pavargaḥ āṅ num etairvyastairyathāsaṃbhavaṃ militaiśca vyavadhāne'p Sū #138 See More

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī²: aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi 138, 8.4.2 aṭ kavargaḥ pavargaḥ āṅ num etairvyastairyathās See More

Bālamanoramā¹: atra nakārasya ṇatvaprāptimāśaṅkitumāha–aṭkupvāṅ. `raṣābhyāṃ no ṇaḥ samānapade& Sū #196 See More

atra nakārasya ṇatvaprāptimāśaṅkitumāha–aṭkupvāṅ. `raṣābhyāṃ no ṇaḥ samānapade' iti pūrvasūtramanuvartate. tatra `na' iti ṣaṣṭha\ufffdntam. tena ca sūtreṇa raṣābhyāmavyavahitaparasya ṇatvaṃ vihitam. rāmeṇetyādau aḍādivyavadhāne'pi prāptyarthamidamārabdham. aṭ-pratyāhāra, kuḥ-kavargaḥ, puḥ-pavargaḥ. aṭca kuśca puśca āṅ ca numca taivryavadhānam, tasmin satyapi raṣābhyāṃ parasya nasya ṇatvaṃ na syāt. ato'ḍādibhivryastairyathāsambhavaṃ militaiśca vyavāye'pīti vyākhyeyam. evaṃca `kṣubhnādiṣu ce'ti ṇatvaniṣedhasūtre `kṣubhna' śabdapāṭho'rthavān. `sarūpāṇā'mityādinirdeśāśca upapannā bhavanti. tadāha–aṭakavargetyādinā. vivaraṇāvasare aṭ kavargetyādyavibhaktikanirdeśāśca na dūṣyante, bhāṣye tathā bahulamupalambhāt. samānapada iti. ekapada ityarthaḥ. akhaṇḍameva padamiha vivakṣitam. tena rāmanāmetyādau nātiprasaṅgaḥ. `mātṛbhogīṇa' ityādau ṇatvopapattistu taddhitādhikāre vakṣyate. aṅā vyavāye paryāṇaddhamityudāharaṇam. iha āṅgahaṇā'bhāve tu upasargādasamāse'pītyatra tadanuvṛttyā ṇatvaṃ na syāt. nanvaḍ?vyavāya ityevātra ṇatvaṃ bhaviṣyati , kimāṅgrahaṇenetyata āha–numgrahaṇamiti. numgrahaṇena anasvāro lakṣyate. prayogānusārādityarthaḥ. evaṃ ca numgrahaṇaṃ pratyākhyeyamityāha–tacceti. nanu numgrahaṇā'bhāve tallakṣitānusvārasya kathaṃ lābha ityata āha–ayogavāhānamiti. na vidyate yogo yeṣāṃ varṇasamāmnāye te ayogāḥ. anupadiṣṭāḥ, upadiṣṭairagṛhītāścetyarthaḥ. vāhayanti prayogaṃ nirvāhayantīti vāhāḥ, ayogāśca te vāhāśca ayogavāhāḥ=anusvāravisargādayaḥ. aṭ?sūpadeśasya=pāṭhasya halsandhinirūpaṇāvasare uktatvādityarthaḥ. spaṣṭaṃ caitaddhayavaraṭsūtrabhāṣyavārtikayoḥ. uktaṃ cātraiva sūtre bhāṣye–`nārtho numgrahaṇena. anusvāre kṛte aḍvyavāya ityevātra ṇatvaṃ siddham' iti. iti ṇatvamiti. śasavayavasya nakārasya ṇakāre prāpte ityarthaḥ.

Bālamanoramā²: aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi 196, 8.4.2 atra nakārasya ṇatvaprāptimāśaṅkitumāha--aṭkupv See More

aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi 196, 8.4.2 atra nakārasya ṇatvaprāptimāśaṅkitumāha--aṭkupvāṅ. "raṣābhyāṃ no ṇaḥ samānapade" iti pūrvasūtramanuvartate. tatra "na" iti ṣaṣṭha()ntam. tena ca sūtreṇa raṣābhyāmavyavahitaparasya ṇatvaṃ vihitam. rāmeṇetyādau aḍādivyavadhāne'pi prāptyarthamidamārabdham. aṭ-pratyāhāra, kuḥ-kavargaḥ, puḥ-pavargaḥ. aṭca kuśca puśca āṅ ca numca taivryavadhānam, tasmin satyapi raṣābhyāṃ parasya nasya ṇatvaṃ na syāt. ato'ḍādibhivryastairyathāsambhavaṃ militaiśca vyavāye'pīti vyākhyeyam. evaṃca "kṣubhnādiṣu ce"ti ṇatvaniṣedhasūtre "kṣubhna" śabdapāṭho'rthavān. "sarūpāṇā"mityādinirdeśāśca upapannā bhavanti. tadāha--aṭakavargetyādinā. vivaraṇāvasare aṭ kavargetyādyavibhaktikanirdeśāśca na dūṣyante, bhāṣye tathā bahulamupalambhāt. samānapada iti. ekapada ityarthaḥ. akhaṇḍameva padamiha vivakṣitam. tena rāmanāmetyādau nātiprasaṅgaḥ. "mātṛbhogīṇa" ityādau ṇatvopapattistu taddhitādhikāre vakṣyate. aṅā vyavāye paryāṇaddhamityudāharaṇam. iha āṅgahaṇā'bhāve tu upasargādasamāse'pītyatra tadanuvṛttyā ṇatvaṃ na syāt. nanvaḍ()vyavāya ityevātra ṇatvaṃ bhaviṣyati , kimāṅgrahaṇenetyata āha--numgrahaṇamiti. numgrahaṇena anasvāro lakṣyate. prayogānusārādityarthaḥ. evaṃ ca numgrahaṇaṃ pratyākhyeyamityāha--tacceti. nanu numgrahaṇā'bhāve tallakṣitānusvārasya kathaṃ lābha ityata āha--ayogavāhānamiti. na vidyate yogo yeṣāṃ varṇasamāmnāye te ayogāḥ. anupadiṣṭāḥ, upadiṣṭairagṛhītāścetyarthaḥ. vāhayanti prayogaṃ nirvāhayantīti vāhāḥ, ayogāśca te vāhāśca ayogavāhāḥ=anusvāravisargādayaḥ. aṭ()sūpadeśasya=pāṭhasya halsandhinirūpaṇāvasare uktatvādityarthaḥ. spaṣṭaṃ caitaddhayavaraṭsūtrabhāṣyavārtikayoḥ. uktaṃ cātraiva sūtre bhāṣye--"nārtho numgrahaṇena. anusvāre kṛte aḍvyavāya ityevātra ṇatvaṃ siddham" iti. iti ṇatvamiti. śasavayavasya nakārasya ṇakāre prāpte ityarthaḥ.

Tattvabodhinī¹: aṭkupvāṅ. `raṣābhyā'miti pañcamīnirdeśādvyavahitasyā'prāptau vacanamidam. Sū #164 See More

aṭkupvāṅ. `raṣābhyā'miti pañcamīnirdeśādvyavahitasyā'prāptau vacanamidam. tatra sarvaivryavāyo'saṃbhavī. `ekaikamātravyāvaya' ityapi nārthaḥ, kṣubhnādiṣu kṣu bhnapāṭhasāmathryāt, `sarūpāṇām-'ityādinirdeśāccetyabhipretyāha- vyastairyathāsaṃbhavamilitaiścetyādi. nanvevaṃ `kṛtsnaṃ' `kārtsnya'mityādāvaḍādivyavadhānā'bhāvaṇṇatvā'bhāvepyādarśenetyādāvaḍvayavadhānādatiprasaṅgaḥ. na ca aḍādibhireva vyavadhāna iti niyamaḥ, aprāpte vidhirayamityuktatvāt. satyam. yogavibhāgo'tra bodhyaḥ. `vyavāye'pi' ityeko yogo vidhyarthaḥ. `aṭkupvāṅnum– 'ityanyo niyamārthaḥ. chāndaso bhiso luk. atra yogavibhāgaṃ vināpi nirvāhaḥ sukara iti tu navyāḥ. tathāhi–aṭkupvāṅ-'iti sūtre `raṣābhyām' ityanuvartate. pañcamīśrutyā `tasmādityuttarasye'ti paribhāṣopatiṣṭhate. upasthitāpi sā vacanaprāmāṇyādaḍādivyāvāye na pravartate. tadanyavyavāye tu pravartata eva. ataeva-`yena nāvyavadhānaṃ tena vyavahite'pi vacanaprāmāṇyādekavarṇavyavahitasyaiva iko guṇo na tu bhinattītyādāvanekavyavahitasyekaḥ'–iti `pugantalaghūpadhasye'ti sūtre vakṣyati. evaṃ ca yatrāḍādibha#ireva vyavadhānaṃ rāmeṇetyādau tatra bhavatyeva ṇatvam. atra tvaḍādibhinnena vyavadhānamādarśenetyādau, tatra na bhavati, `tasmā'diti paribhāṣāyā jāgarūkatvāt. niṣedhaṃ bādhitumiti. tena `paryaṇaddha'mityatra `upasargādasamāse'pi-' iti ṇatvaṃ sidhyatīti bhāvaḥ. upalakṣaṇārthamiti. numsthānikasya, svābhāvikasya vā'nusvāramātrasyopalakṣaṇārthaṃ numgrahaṇamityarthaḥ. tena `bṛhi vṛddhau'. idittvānnum. tasyānusvāraḥ. `tṛṃhū hiṃsāyāṃ'. svābhāviko'trānusavāraḥ. bṛṃhaṇam tṛṃhaṇam. ubhayatrāpi ṇatvaṃ siddham. ayogavāhānāmiti. avidyamāno yogaḥ=pratyāhāreṣu saṃbandho yeṣāṃ te ayogāḥ. anupadiṣṭatvādupadiṣṭairagṛhītatvācca pratyāhārasaṃbandhaśūnyā ityarthaḥ. vāhayanti nirvāhayanti prayogamiti vāhāḥ. ayogāśca te vāhāśca ayogavāhāḥ. anupadiṣṭatve upadiṣṭairagṛhītatve ca sati śrūyamāṇā ityarthaḥ. aṭsviti. niṣkarṣastvakāroparīti. tena payaḥsvityādāviṇaḥ parasyeti ṣatvaṃ na bhavati. ata evoktaṃ prāk- `anusvāravisargajihvāmūlīyopadhmānīyayamānāmakāroparī'ti.

Tattvabodhinī²: aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi 164, 8.4.2 aṭkupvāṅ. "raṣābhyā"miti pañcamīnirde See More

aṭkupvāṅnumvyavāye'pi 164, 8.4.2 aṭkupvāṅ. "raṣābhyā"miti pañcamīnirdeśādvyavahitasyā'prāptau vacanamidam. tatra sarvaivryavāyo'saṃbhavī. "ekaikamātravyāvaya" ityapi nārthaḥ, kṣubhnādiṣu kṣu bhnapāṭhasāmathryāt, "sarūpāṇām-"ityādinirdeśāccetyabhipretyāha-vyastairyathāsaṃbhavamilitaiścetyādi. nanvevaṃ "kṛtsnaṃ" "kārtsnya"mityādāvaḍādivyavadhānā'bhāvaṇṇatvā'bhāvepyādarśenetyādāvaḍvayavadhānādatiprasaṅgaḥ. na ca aḍādibhireva vyavadhāna iti niyamaḥ, aprāpte vidhirayamityuktatvāt. satyam. yogavibhāgo'tra bodhyaḥ. "vyavāye'pi" ityeko yogo vidhyarthaḥ. "aṭkupvāṅnum--"ityanyo niyamārthaḥ. chāndaso bhiso luk. atra yogavibhāgaṃ vināpi nirvāhaḥ sukara iti tu navyāḥ. tathāhi--aṭkupvāṅ-"iti sūtre "raṣābhyām" ityanuvartate. pañcamīśrutyā "tasmādityuttarasye"ti paribhāṣopatiṣṭhate. upasthitāpi sā vacanaprāmāṇyādaḍādivyāvāye na pravartate. tadanyavyavāye tu pravartata eva. ataeva-"yena nāvyavadhānaṃ tena vyavahite'pi vacanaprāmāṇyādekavarṇavyavahitasyaiva iko guṇo na tu bhinattītyādāvanekavyavahitasyekaḥ"--iti "pugantalaghūpadhasye"ti sūtre vakṣyati. evaṃ ca yatrāḍādibha#ireva vyavadhānaṃ rāmeṇetyādau tatra bhavatyeva ṇatvam. atra tvaḍādibhinnena vyavadhānamādarśenetyādau, tatra na bhavati, "tasmā"diti paribhāṣāyā jāgarūkatvāt. niṣedhaṃ bādhitumiti. tena "paryaṇaddha"mityatra "upasargādasamāse'pi-" iti ṇatvaṃ sidhyatīti bhāvaḥ. upalakṣaṇārthamiti. numsthānikasya, svābhāvikasya vā'nusvāramātrasyopalakṣaṇārthaṃ numgrahaṇamityarthaḥ. tena "bṛhi vṛddhau". idittvānnum. tasyānusvāraḥ. "tṛṃhū hiṃsāyāṃ". svābhāviko'trānusavāraḥ. bṛṃhaṇam tṛṃhaṇam. ubhayatrāpi ṇatvaṃ siddham. ayogavāhānāmiti. avidyamāno yogaḥ=pratyāhāreṣu saṃbandho yeṣāṃ te ayogāḥ. anupadiṣṭatvādupadiṣṭairagṛhītatvācca pratyāhārasaṃbandhaśūnyā ityarthaḥ. vāhayanti nirvāhayanti prayogamiti vāhāḥ. ayogāśca te vāhāśca ayogavāhāḥ. anupadiṣṭatve upadiṣṭairagṛhītatve ca sati śrūyamāṇā ityarthaḥ. aṭsviti. niṣkarṣastvakāroparīti. tena payaḥsvityādāviṇaḥ parasyeti ṣatvaṃ na bhavati. ata evoktaṃ prāk-"anusvāravisargajihvāmūlīyopadhmānīyayamānāmakāroparī"ti.

1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
2.Source: Sanskrit Documents

Examples²:

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