1/9:iha kasmāt na bhavati |
2/9:himavān khāṇḍavaḥ pāriyātraḥ samudraḥ iti |
3/9:nitye dve bhavataḥ iti prāpnoti |
4/9:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
5/9:ayam nityaśabdaḥ asti eva kūṭastheṣu avicāliṣu bhāveṣu vartate |
6/9:tat yathā : nityā dyauḥ nityā pṛthivī nityam ākāśam iti |
7/9:asti ābhīkṣṇye vartate |
8/9:tat yathā : nityaprahasitaḥ nityaprajalpitaḥ iti |
9/9:tat yaḥ ābhīkṣṇye vartate tasya idam grahaṇam |

1/32:atha kim idam vīpsā iti |
2/32:āpnoteḥ ayam vipūrvāi icchāyām arthe san vidhīyate |
3/32:yadi evam cikīrṣati jihīrṣati iti atra api prāpnoti |
4/32:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
5/32:na evam vijñāyate vīpsāyām abhidheyāyām iti |
6/32:katham tarhi |
7/32:kartṛviśeṣaṇam etat |
8/32:vīpsati iti vīpsaḥ |
9/32:vīpsaḥ cet kartā bhavati iti |
10/32:kaḥ punaḥ vīpsārthaḥ |
11/32:anavayavābhidhānam vīpsārthaḥ |
12/32:anavayavena dravyāṇām abhidhānam eṣaḥ vīpsārthaḥ |
13/32:anavayavābhidhānam vīpsārthaḥ iti cet jātyākhyāyām dvirvacanaprasaṅgaḥ |*
14/32:anavayavābhidhānam vīpsārthaḥ iti cet jātyākhyāyām dvirvacanam prāpnoti |
15/32:vrīhibhiḥ yavaiḥ vā iti |
16/32:na vā ekārthatvāt jāteḥ | na vā eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |*
17/32:kim kāraṇam |
18/32:ekārthatvāt jāteḥ |
19/32:ekārthaḥ hi jātiḥ |
20/32:ekam artham pratyāyayiṣyāmi iti jātiśabdaḥ prayujyate |
21/32:anekārthāśrayatvāt ca vīpsāyāḥ | anekārthāśrayā ca punaḥ vīpsā |*
22/32:anekam artham sampratyāyayiṣyāmi iti vīpsā prayujyate |
23/32:ekārthatvāt jāteḥ anekārthāśrayatvāt ca vīpsāyāḥ jātyākhyāyām dvirvacanam na bhaviṣyati |
24/32:nivartakatvādvā | atha vā na anena dvirvacanam nirvartyate |*
25/32:kim tarhi advirvacanam anena nivartyate |
26/32:yāvantaḥ te arthāḥ tāvatām śabdānām prayogaḥ prāpnoti |
27/32:tatra anena nivṛttiḥ kriyate |
28/32:nityavīpsayoḥ arthayoḥ dve eva śabdarūpe prayoktavye na atibahu prayoktavyam iti |
29/32:sarvapadasagatigrahaṇānarthakyam ca arthābhidhāne dvirvacanavidhānāt | sarvagrahaṇam ca anarthakam |*
30/32:kim kāraṇam |
31/32:sarvasya eva hi dvirvacanena arthaḥ gamyate na avayavasya |
32/32:padagrahaṇam ca anarthakam padasya eva hi dvirvacanena arthaḥ gamyate na agatikasya

1/27:kim punaḥ idam vīpsāyām sarvam abhidhīyate āhosvit ekam |
2/27:kaḥ ca atra viśeṣaḥ |
3/27:vīpsāyām sarvābhidhāne vacanāprasiddhiḥ |*
4/27:vīpsāyām sarvābhidhāne vacanam na sidhyati |
5/27:grāmaḥ grāmaḥ |
6/27:janapadaḥ janapadaḥ |
7/27:bahavaḥ te arthāḥ tatra bahuṣubahuvacanam iti bahuvacanam prāpnoti |
8/27:astu tarhi ekam |
9/27:ekābhidhāne asarvadravyagatiḥ | ekābhidhāne sarvadravyagatiḥ na sidhyati |*
10/27:astu tarhi sarvam |
11/27:nanu ca uktam vīpsāyām sarvābhidhāne vacanāprasiddhiḥ iti |
12/27:na vā padārthatvāt | na vā eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |*
13/27:kim kāraṇam |
14/27:padārthatvāt |
15/27:padasya arthaḥ vīpsā |
16/27:subantam ca padam ṅyāpprātipadikāt ca ekatvādiṣu artheṣu svādayaḥ vidhīyante na ca etat prātipadikam |
17/27:yat tarhi prātipadikam : dṛṣat dṛṣat samit samit iti |
18/27:etat api pratyayalakṣaṇena subantam na prātipadikam |
19/27:apara āha |
20/27:na vā padārthatvāt |
21/27:na vā eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
22/27:kim kāraṇam |
23/27:padārthatvāt |
24/27:padasya arthaḥ vīpsā subantam ca padam ṅyāpprātipadikāt ca ekatvādiṣu artheṣu svādayaḥ vidhīyante na ca etat prātipadikam |
25/27:yat tarhi prātipadikam |
26/27:dṛṣat dṛṣat samit samit iti |
27/27:etat api pratyayalakṣaṇena subantam na prātipadikam

1/21:atha iha katham bhavitavyam |
2/21:pacati pacatitarām tiṣṭhati |
3/21:āhosvit pacatitarām pacatitarām tiṣṭhati iti |
4/21:pacati pacatitarām tiṣṭhatīti bhavitavyam |
5/21:katham |
6/21:dvirvacanam kriyatām ātiśāyikaḥ iti dvirvacanam bhaviṣyati vipratiṣedhena |
7/21:iha api tarhi ātiśāyikāt dvirvacanam syāt |
8/21:ādyataram ādyataram ānaya iti |
9/21:asti atra viśeṣaḥ |
10/21:antaraṅgaḥ ātiśāyikaḥ |
11/21:kā antaraṅgatā |
12/21:ṅyāpprātipadikāt ātiśāyikaḥ padasya dvirvacanam |
13/21:ātiśāyikaḥ api na antaraṅgaḥ |
14/21:katham |
15/21:samarthāt taddhitaḥ asau utpadyate sāmarthyam ca subantena |
16/21:atha vā spardhāyām ātiśāyikaḥ vidhīyate na ca antareṇa pratiyoginam spardhā gamyate |
17/21:evam tarhi iha dvau arthau vaktavyau nityavīpse ca atiśayaḥ ca na ca ekasya prayoktuḥ anekam artham yugapat vaktum sambhavaḥ asti |
18/21:tat etat prayoktari adhīnam bhavati |
19/21:etasmin ca prayoktari adhīne kva cit kā cit prasṛtatarā gatiḥ bhavati |
20/21:iha tāvat pacati pacatitarām tiṣṭhati iti eṣā prasṛtatarā gatiḥ yat nityam uktvā atiśayaḥ ucyate |
21/21:iha idānīm ādyataram ādyataram ānaya iti eṣā prasṛtatarā gatiḥ yat atiśayam uktvā vīpsādvirvacanam ucyate

nitye cārthe vipsāyāṃ ca yad vartate tasya dve bhavataḥ. keṣu nityatā? tiṅkṣu nityatā avyayakṛtsu ca. kuta etat. ābhīkṣṇyam iha nityatā. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ ca kriyādharmaḥ. yāṃ kriyāṃ kartā prādhānyena anuparaman karoti tan nityam. pacati pacati. jalpati jalpati. bhuktvā bhuktvā vrajati. bhojaṃ bhojaṃ vrajati. lunīhi lunīhi ityevāyaṃ lunāti ktvāṇamulorloṭaśca dvirvacanāpekṣāyām eva paunaḥpunyaprakāśane śaktiḥ. yaṅ tu tannirapekṣaḥ prakāśayati, punaḥ punaḥ pacati pāpacyate iti. yadā tu tatra dvirvacanam tadā kriyāsamabhihāre paunaḥpunyaṃ draṣṭavyam pāpacyate pāpacyate iti. atha keṣu vīpsā? supsu vīpsā. kā punar vīpsā? vyāptiviśeṣaviṣayā prayokturicchā vīpsā. kā punaḥ sā? nānāvācinām adhikaraṇānāṃ kriyāguṇābhyāṃ yugapat prayokturvyāptum icchā vīpsā. nānābhūtārthavācināṃ śabdānāṃ yānyadhikaraṇāni vācyāni teṣāṃ kriyāguṇābhyāṃ yugapat prayoktum icchā vīpsā. grāmo grāmo ramaṇīyaḥ. janapado janapado ramaṇīyaḥ. puruṣaḥ puruṣo nidhanam upaiti. yat tiḍantaṃ nityatayā prakarṣeṇa ca yuktaṃ tataḥ kṛtadvirvacanāt prakarṣapratyaya iṣyate pacati pacatitarām iti. iha tu āḍhyataramāḍhyataramānaya iti prakarṣayuktasya vīpsāyoga iṣyate.

nityavīpsayoḥ 8.1.4 nitye cārthe vipsāyāṃ ca yad vartate tasya dve bhavataḥ. keṣu nityatā? tiṅkṣu nityatā avyayakṛtsu ca. kuta etat. ābhīkṣṇyam iha nityatā. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ ca kriyādharmaḥ. yāṃ kriyāṃ kartā prādhānyena anuparaman karoti tan nityam. pacati pacati. jalpati jalpati. bhuktvā bhuktvā vrajati. bhojaṃ bhojaṃ vrajati. lunīhi lunīhi ityevāyaṃ lunāti ktvāṇamulorloṭaśca dvirvacanāpekṣāyām eva paunaḥpunyaprakāśane śaktiḥ. yaṅ tu tannirapekṣaḥ prakāśayati, punaḥ punaḥ pacati pāpacyate iti. yadā tu tatra dvirvacanam tadā kriyāsamabhihāre paunaḥpunyaṃ draṣṭavyam pāpacyate pāpacyate iti. atha keṣu vīpsā? supsu vīpsā. kā punar vīpsā? vyāptiviśeṣaviṣayā prayokturicchā vīpsā. kā punaḥ sā? nānāvācinām adhikaraṇānāṃ kriyāguṇābhyāṃ yugapat prayokturvyāptum icchā vīpsā. nānābhūtārthavācināṃ śabdānāṃ yānyadhikaraṇāni vācyāni teṣāṃ kriyāguṇābhyāṃ yugapat prayoktum icchā vīpsā. grāmo grāmo ramaṇīyaḥ. janapado janapado ramaṇīyaḥ. puruṣaḥ puruṣo nidhanam upaiti. yat tiḍantaṃ nityatayā prakarṣeṇa ca yuktaṃ tataḥ kṛtadvirvacanāt prakarṣapratyaya iṣyate pacati pacatitarām iti. iha tu āḍhyataramāḍhyataramānaya iti prakarṣayuktasya vīpsāyoga iṣyate.

nityavīpsayoḥ. , 8.1.4 "nitye cārthe vīpsāyāñca" iti. anena "nityadīpsayoḥ" iti saptamīyamarthanirdeśārthā, na tu ṣaṣṭhīyamiti darśayati. yadi hreṣā ṣaṣṭhī syāt(), tadā svarūvidhiḥ prasajyeta, tataśca "nityaṃ kroḍājīvikayoḥ" 2.2.17 iti, "pādaśatasya saṃkyādervīpsāyām()" 5.4.1 ityādinirdeśo nopapadyate. iha nityaśabdo'yaṃ sarvakālabhādino ya ātmākāśādayaḥ, yaṣāmutpattivināśau prayoktṛbhirnopalabhyete, teṣvapi prayujyamāno loke dṛśyate--nitya ātmā, nityamākāśam(), nityā dyauriti. ābhīkṣṇye'pi--nityaṃ prahasitaḥ, nityaṃ prajalpita iti. tatra yadīha sāmānyena tatra nāma nityatā'bhidheyabhāvena vatrtate tasya nityārthavācino grahaṇaṃ syāt(), ātmākāśādiśabdānāmapi dvirvacanaṃ prasajyeta--ityenenābhiprāyeṇāha--"keṣu nityatā" iti. itaro viditābhiprāya āha--"tiṅkṣu nityatā'vyayakṛtsuṇa" iti. avyayāni ca tāni kṛnti ceti karmadhārayaḥ. yadyapyātmākāśādiśabdeṣvapi sarvakālabhāvitvalakṣaṇā nityatā'bhidheyabhāvena vatrtate, tathāpīha bhāvapradhāneṣu tiṅkṣvavyayakṛtsu cābhīkṣṇyalakṣaṇā yā nityatā saivāśrīyate. ato'tiprasaṅgo na bhavatīti bhāvaḥ. nanu ca nityaśabdo'yaṃ sāmānyavacanaḥ. na ca sāmānyaśabdāḥ prakaraṇādikamantareṇa viśeṣe'vasthātumutsahante. na ceha tathāvidhaṃ kiñcit? prakaraṇādikamasti, yato viśeṣe'vasthānaṃ syāt(), tatkuto nityatāviśeṣaparigraho labhyate? iti manyamāna āha--"kuta etat()" iti. ābhīkṣṇyamiha nityatetyāśrīyata iti śeṣaḥ. vyāpterābhīkṣṇyavacanasya nityaśabdasya grahaṇādihābhīkṣṇyalakṣaṇā nityatā'‌'śrīyate, padasya hi dvirvacanamucyate. tacca padaṃ subantaṃ tiṅantaṃ ca, tatra supsu dīpseti vakṣyati. yadi ca nityaśabdo'yaṃ kūṭasthavacano gṛhrate, tataśca kūṭasthamiti subanteṣvabhidheyabhāvena vatrtata iti subanthānāmeva dvirvacanaṃ syāt(), na tiṅantānām(), nāpyavyayakṛtām(). ābhīkṣṇyavacanasya tu nityaśabdasya grahaṇe sati nityalakṣaṇadvirvacanamākhyātānāmavyakṛtāṃ ca bhavati. vīpsālakṣaṇañcānyeṣāmiti sarva padajātamanugṛhītaṃ bhavati. tasmādvayāpterābhīkṣaṇyavacanasya nityaśabdasya grahaṇādiha "ābhīkṣṇyaṃ nityatā" ityupapannaṃ bhavati. "ābhīkṣṇyamiha nityatā" (iti). sā ca tiṅkṣvavyayakṛtsu ceti. kuta etat()? ityāha--"ābhīkṣṇyaṃ ca" ityādi. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ hi punaḥ punaḥ pravṛttiḥ. tacca sādhyarūpāyāḥ kriyāyā eva sambhavatīti tasyā eva dharmaḥ, na tu dravyasya; tasya siddharūpasyaiva subantenābhidhānāt(). sā ca kriyā tiṅantādibhirevābhidhīyata iti teṣveva nityatā. kīdṛśī punaḥ sā kriyā? ābhīkṣṇyalakṣaṇena yā nityatvena yogānnityaśabdenocyate, ityāha--"yām()" ityādi. "anuparaman()" iti. "viratimakurvan()" ityarthaḥ. "tannityam()" iti. tata kriyārūpaṃ vastu nityamityarthaḥ. "prādhānyena" iti. yaduddiśya kriyāpravṛttistat? pradhānam(), tasya bhāvastathā. yadyapi grāmaṃ gantumicchan? vṛkṣamūlopasarvaṇaṃ punaḥ punaḥ karoti, tathāpi na tannityamiti. etaduktaṃ bhavati--na hrasau prādhānyena tatkaroti; taduddiśyāpravṛtteḥ. tena grāmaṃ gacchan? vṛkṣamūlānyupasarpatītyatra satyapyāmabhīkṣaṇye dvirvacanaṃ na bhavati. "yāṃ kriyām()" ityanena hi kriyā dharmiṇī darśitā. "anuparaman? karoti" ityanenāpi tasyā ābhīkṣaṇyaṃ dharmaḥ. "pacatipacati" iti. tiṅantasyodāharaṇam(). "bhuktvābhuktvā, bhojaṃbhojam()" iti. atra "ābhīkṣaṇye ṇamulca" 3.4.22 iti ktvāṇamulau. "lunīhilunīhi" iti. "kriyāsamabhihāre" 3.4.2 ityādinā loṭ(), tasya hirādeśaḥ, "loṭdharmāṇau hisvo bhavataḥ" iti 3.4.2 tatroktam(), tena vikaraṇam(), ["vikaraṇaḥ"--prāṃu.pāṭhaḥ] "īhalyaghoḥ" 6.4.113 itītvam(). etāni trīṇyavyayakṛtāmudāharaṇāni. eṣāṃ ktvādīnāṃ "kṛdatiṅ()" 3.1.93 iti kṛtsaṃjñā. avyayasaṃjñā tu ktvāpratyayasya "katvātosunkasunaḥ" 1.1.39 iti. ṇamulastu "kṛnmejantaḥ" 1.1.38 iti. loṭastu svarādiṣvābhīkṣaṇyasya pāṭhāt(). nanu caite ktvāṇamṛlloṭaścābhīkṣṇya eva vidhīyante, tatra yathā pāpacyata iti kriyāsamabhihāre vidhīyamānena yaṅā paunaḥpunyasya prakāśitatvād()dvirvacanaṃ na bhavati, tathā katvādibhirapi tasya prakāśitatvānna bhavitavyam(). atha prakāśite'pi tasmistu tadbhavati, pāpacyata ityatrāpi syāt()? ityata āha--"katvāṇamuloḥ" ityādi. bhinnā hi bhāvānāṃ śaktayaḥ. tathā hi--yāmeva kriyāṃ bhārodbahanādikāṃ kaścit? sahāyasāpekṣaḥ karoti, tāmevānyaḥ sahāyanirapekṣaḥ, tasmādyadyapi cābhīkṣṇye ktvā ṇamulloṭ? ca vidhīyate, tathāpi tairnaivābhīkṣṇyabhivyaktaṃ bhavati. dvirvacanasāpekṣāṇāmeva teṣāṃ paunaḥpunyaprakāśane śaktiḥ, na kevalānām(). tena bhavatyeva tadantasya dvirvacanam(); yaṅantu dvirvacananirapekṣasyāpi paunaḥpunyābhivyaktau sāmathryayamastīti tenaivābhīkṣaṇyasya dyotitatvāt? pāpaṇyata ityatra na bhavati. ābhīkṣṇyaprakāśanāya hi dvirvacanamucyate, etacca yaṅaiva prakāśitamiti kiṃ dvirvacanena() nanu ca yaṅantasyāpi kvacid()dvirvacanamiṣyata eva, tacca yaṅo dvirvacananirapekṣasya yaunaḥpunyaprakāśane śaktau satyāṃ na siddhyati? ityāha--"yadā tu" ityādi. dviprakāraḥ kriyāsamabhihāraḥ paunaḥpunyam(), bhṛśārthaśca. tatra yadā yaṅantena dvirvacanaṃ bhavati tadā bhṛśārthe yaṅ(). dvirvacanaṃ tu nasyaiva bhṛśārthasya dharme paunāpunye, na hi tadyaṅā prakāśitam(); tasya bhṛśārthe viditatvādityabhiprāyaḥ. "kriyāsamabhihāre paunaḥpunyaṃ draṣṭavyam(). iti. atra yadyapi kriyāsamabhihāraśabdaḥ sāmānyaḥ, tathāpi sāmathryādabhṛśārthalakṣaṇā eva kriyāsamabhihāre tasya vṛttirvijñāyate, na hi paunaḥpunye'nyasya paunaḥpunyasya sambhavo'sti. atha kathaṃ paunaḥpunye yaṅ? bhavati? kathaṃ ca na syāt()? dvirvacanenāpadādena bādhitatvāt(). yaṅaḥ ko'vakāśa iti cet()? bhṛśārtha eva? naiṣa doṣaḥ; padasya hi dvirvacanamucyate, dhātośca yaṅ(). tathā kāryiṇoratibhedāt? kuto bādhā() "nityavīpsayoḥ" ityuktam(), tatra nityatā tiṅkṣvavyayakṛtsu cetyuktam(). vīpsā tu na vijñāyate--kvābhidheyabhāvena vatrtate? iti, atastatparijñānārthaṃ pṛcchate--"atha keṣu vīpsā" iti. itaro viditābhiprāya āha--"supsu vīpsā" iti. supāmeva tadabhivayaktau sāmathryāt(). yadi sāmānyena vyāptumicchā vīpsā tadā cikīrṣāśabdasyāpi dvirvacanaṃ prāpnoti, tasya karotikriyayā kaṭādevryāptumicchā tatra vṛttiriti manyamāna āha--"kā punarvīpsā" iti. "vyāptiviśeṣaviṣayā" ityādi. nānādācināmadhikaraṇānāṃ kriyādisambandhena yugapadvyāptivryāptiviśeṣaḥ, sa viṣayo yasyā icchāyāḥ sā tathoktā. saivaṃvidhā "prayokturicchā vīpsā". prayokturityanena prayoktṛdharmo vīpsā, nābhidheyadharma iti darśayati. kathaṃ punavryāptiviśeṣaviṣayetyeṣa viśeṣo labhyate? viśabdaprayogāt(). yadi hraviśeṣeṇa vyāptumicchāṃ dīpsā'bhimatā syāt(), "nityepsayoḥ" ityevaṃ brāūyāt(). "vyāptiviśeṣaviṣayā prayokturicchā vīpsā" ityuktam(), sa tu viśeṣo'nirdiṣṭasvarūpatvānna vijñāyate, tadajñānacca tadviśiṣṭā vīpsāpi na jñāyata ityataḥ pṛcchati--"kā punaḥ sā" iti. "nānāvācinām()" ityādi. nānāvācinām(), adhikaraṇānāmiti--vyadhikaraṇe ṣaṣṭhyau. nānā=pṛthagbhūtāḥ, tān? vaktuṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ śabdānāṃ te nānāvācinaḥ. tatsambandhināmadhikaraṇānāṃ vācyānāmityarthaḥ. "kriyāguṇābhyām()" iti. karaṇe tīyā. "yugapat()" iti. ekakālam(). "prayoktuḥ" iti. vaktuḥ. yo dvirvacanaṃ prayuṅakte tasya. "vyāptum()" iti. sambandhaviśeṣeṇāptum(). sākalyena sambandhumityarthaḥ. "icchā" iti. abhilāṣaḥ. "vīpsā" iti. prādisamāsaḥ--viśiṣṭā īpsā vīpsā. "nānābhūtārthavācinām()" ityādinā anantarektaṃ vākyaṃ vivṛṇoti. yata evaṃvidhā vīpsā, tena cikīrṣetyatra dvirvacanaṃ na bhavati. cikīrṣā hi kartturicchā, na prayoktuḥ. yataścaivaṃvidhā vīpsā, tena jātivācināmapi dvirvacanaṃ na bhavati--niṣpanno yava iti. na hi jātiśabdā nānābhūtārthavācinaḥ. yadā tu krameṇa vyāptumicchā tadāpi na bhavati--ayaṃ grāmo ramaṇīyaḥ, ayañca grāmo ramaṇoya iti. dvandvaikaśeṣayorapi na bhavati--asminvane śobhanā dhavakhadirapalāśāḥ, asminvane śobhanā vṛkṣā iti. aśeṣaviśeṣavyāptāvanabhimatāyāmapyevaṃ prayogaḥ kriyata iti sarvaviśeṣābhidhānaṃ ["sarvaviśeṣāvidhānaṃ"--kāṃu. pāṭhaḥ] na bhavati, ataḥ prayokturapyaśeṣān? viśeṣān? vyāptumicchā na jāyate. bāhulyena tu śobhanatvamāśrityevaṃ vākyaṃ prayoktā prayuṅakte--grāmo grāmo ramaṇīya iti. atra hi dindeśādibhedena bhinnānāṃ grāmāṇāṃ ramaṇīyatvena guṇena prayokturyugapadvyāptumicchā dīpsā. "janapado janapadaḥ" iti. atrāpi janapadānām(). "puruṣaḥ puruṣe niṣanamupaiti" iti. atra puruṣāṇāṃ nidhanakriyayā. nidhanam()--vināśa ityarthaḥ. kriyāguṇagrahaṇamupalakṣaṇārtham(). dravyeṇāpi nānāvācināmadhikaraṇānāṃ yugapadvyāptuṃ prayokturyecchā sā vopsaiva. tena grāme grāme pānīyamityatrāpi dviravacanaṃ siddhaṃ bhavati. yastu "dravyasya dravyānteṇa saha sambandho na bhavati, siddharūpatvāt()" ityāha, tasya yaduktam()--kriyāguṇadravyaiḥ sākalyena kālādhvanoḥ sambandho'tyantasaṃyogaḥ" iti, tadvacanaṃ vyāhanyate; grāme grāme pānīyamityayaṃ ca śiṣṭaprayogo nopapadyate. atha kathaṃ grāmaśabdo'yaṃ vīpsāyāṃ vatrtate, yāvatā na tasyā vīpsāḥ-bhidheyā, kiṃ tarhi? janākīrmo bhūkhaṇḍaḥ? satyametat(); yadyevam(), tathāpi dvirvacanapratipattidbāreṇa tasyā dyotitatvāt? sa tasyāṃ vatrtata ityucyate. grāmo hi dvirvacanaṃ pratipadyamāno vīpsāṃ dyotayatīti tasyāṃ dyotanadvāreṇa vatrtate. atha gramo grāma iti kathamekavacanam(), yāvatā bahutvāddhiprāmāṇāṃ bahuvacanenaiva bhavitavyam(); atha kṛte dvirvacane? naitadasti; samudāya evātra bahutvamupajāyate, na pratyekam()? upātaikatvasaṃkhye'vayave'viruddhaṃ hrekatvaṃ bahutvena. tenāvayavādbahuvacana na bhavati. samudāyāt? tarhi kathaṃ na bhavati? bahutvasyābagatatvādvīpsayā. sa hi samudāyo vīpsāyāṃ bahutvamantareṇa na sambhavatīti tāṃ prakāśayannāntarīyakatvādbahutvamapi gamayati. tato'vagatārthatvādbahuvacanaṃ na prayujyate. atha yat? tiṅantaṃ nityatayā prakarṣeṇa ca yuktam(), tatra kiṃ kṛte dvirvacane prakarṣapratyayena bhavitavyam(). atha vā kṛte prakarṣepratyaye dvirvacanena? ityata āha--"yattiṅantam()" ityādi. atra vipratiṣedho hetuḥ. tatra dvirvacanasyāvakāśo yatra nityārtho vivakṣitaḥ, na prakarṣaḥ--pacatipacatīti; prakarṣapratyayasyāvakāśo yatra prakarṣeṇa yogaḥ, na nityatayā--pacatitarāmiti; yatra tūbhābhyāṃ yogastatra viprataṣedhena dvirvacanaṃ bhavati--pacatipacatitarāmiti. subantamapi tarhi yadvīpsayā prakarṣeṇa ca yuktam(), tasmādata eva hetoḥ kṛtadvirvacanāt? prakarṣapratyayaḥ syāt(), tataścāḍha()taramāḍha()taramānayeti na siddhyedityata āha-"iha tu" ityādi. yadi subantasyaikakālaṃ vīpsā prakarṣeṇa ca yogaḥ syāt(), tadā syādayaṃ prasaṅgaḥ, sa na nāsti; yataḥ subantasya prakarṣapratyayena saṃyuktasya paścādvīpsayā yoga iṣyate. katham()? iha hi vīpsā nāma pauruṣeyo dharma icchāviśeṣaḥ, sa ca tathā prayokturviduṣaḥ pravatrtate yathā śabde nāniṣṭamāpadyate, nāpi prayoktari. yadi prakarṣapratyayāt? prāk? sahabhāvena vā vīpsā syācchabdeniṣṭamāpadyate, taddvāreṇa prayoktaryapi, yathā--helayo helaya iti brāūvapsu puruṣeṣu; yajñeṣu cāniṣṭamāpadyate. tasmāt? prakarṣayogavivakṣāyā uttarakālaṃ śiṣṭasya prayokturvīpsayā bhavitavyamiti siddhamāḍha()taramāḍha()taramānayeti. aparaḥ prakāraḥ--ihāpi tarhi tata eva hetoḥ kṛte dvirvacane prakarṣapratyayaḥ syāt(), tataścāḍha()taramāḍha()taramānayeti na siddhyati()--ityetasmin? pūrvapakṣa idamāha--"iha tu" ityādi. prakarṣasāhacaryāt? prakarṣapratyayaḥ prakarṣaśabdenoktaḥ. vīpsāsāhacaryāddhi dvirvacanaṃ vīpsāśabdena. tadetaduktaṃ bhavati--prakarṣapratyayayuktasya dvirvacanena yoga iṣyata iti. atra cāyamabhiprāyaḥ--yena hetunā yugapat? prakarṣeṇa nityatayā ca yuktasya pūrvaṃ dvirvacanaṃ bhavati, sa vipratiṣedho'tra nāsti; atulyabalatvāt(). atulyabalatvaṃ tu prakarṣa pratyayasyāntaraṅgatvāt(), dvirvacanasya bahiraṅgatvāt(). tathā hi ṅyāpprātipadikādātiśāyiko bhavati, dvirvacanaṃ tu padasya. "asiddhaṃ bahiraṅgamantaraṅge" (vyā.pa.42) iti siddhāsiddhayoścāyukto vipratiṣedhaḥ. tasmāt? pahūrvaṃ prakarṣapratyayena subantādbhavitavyam, paścāt? tadantasya dvirvacaneneti. nanu cātiśāyiko naivāntaraṅgaḥ, samarthāddhi sa upapadyate, "samarthānāṃ prathamādvā" 4.1.82 ityadhikārāt(), sāmathrya ca subantenaiva? naitat(); uktaṃ hi tatraiva 4.1.82 "svārthikapratyayāvadhiścāyamadhikāraḥ prāgdiśo vibhaktiriti 5.3.1 yāvat(), svārthikeṣvasyopayogo nāsti" iti. svārthikāścatiśāyikāḥ. tasmādantaraṅgatvādutpanne tasmin? paścāt? subantasya dvirvacanena bhavitavyam()॥

ābhīkṣṇye vīpsāyāṃ ca dyotye padasya dvitvaṃ syāt. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ tiṅanteṣvavyayasaṃjñakeṣu ca kṛdanteṣu ca. smāraṃsmāraṃ namati śivam. smṛtvāsmṛtvā. pāyampāyam. bhojambhojam. śrāvaṃśrāvam..

nityavīpsayoḥ 889, 8.1.4 ābhīkṣṇye vīpsāyāṃ ca dyotye padasya dvitvaṃ syāt. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ tiṅanteṣvavyayasaṃjñakeṣu ca kṛdanteṣu ca. smāraṃsmāraṃ namati śivam. smṛtvāsmṛtvā. pāyampāyam. bhojambhojam. śrāvaṃśrāvam॥

nityavīpsayoḥ. nityaśabdena nityatvaṃ vivakṣitam. taśca ābhīṇyamiti bhāṣyam. vyāptumicchā vīpsā=vyāptipratipādanecchā. sā ca prayoktṛdharmaḥ. vyāptireva tu śābdabodhaviṣaya iti bhāṣyasvarasaḥ. tathā ca `nityavyāptyā'rityeva suvacanam. vyāptiśca kātsryanyena saṃbandhaḥ, upasargabalāt. padasyetyadhikariṣyamāṇamihāpakṛṣyate. `sarvasye'ti sthānaṣaṣṭhī. `dve' iti tvādeśasamarpakam. tasya ca `śabdarūpe' iti viśeṣyamarthāllabhyate, śabdānuśāsanaprastāvāt. te ca śabdarūpe svarūpato'taścāntaratame pade iti sthāne'ntaratamaparibhāṣayā labhyate. tataśca paunaḥpunye kārtsnye ca gamye kṛtsnāvayavaviśiṣṭasya padasyā'rthataśca śabdataścāntaratame dve pade bhavata iti phalitam. tadabhipretyāha–ābhīkṣṇye vīpsāyā ca dyotye iti. dyotyaṃ ca dyotyā ca dyotyam. tasminnityarthaḥ. `napuṃsakamanapuṃsakenaikavaccāsyānyatarasyā'miti napuṃsakaikaśeṣaḥ. ekatvaṃ ca nityavīpse ca prakṛtigamye. dvirvacanaṃ tu dyotakam. satyapi prakṛterdvitve dviruktayoḥ prakṛtyanatirekāditi bodhyam. dvirvacanaṃ syāditi. dve pade ādeśau sta ityarthaḥ. tatrāvayavayoḥ padatvaṃ svataḥ siddham. samudāyasya tu padadvayātmakasya sthānivattvātsubantatvam. tena `apacannapacanni'tyatra ṅamuṭ, `vṛkṣānvṛkṣā'nityatra `padāntasye'ti ṇatvaniṣedhaḥ, `agre'gre' ityatra `eṅaḥ padāntā'diti pūrvarūpaṃ cetyādīnyavayavānāṃ padakāryāṇi sidhyanti. `punaḥpuna'riti samudāyasya sthānivattvena subantatvādbhāve ṣyañi, bhave ṭhañi ca paunaḥ punyam, paunaḥpunika iti ca sidhyati. `dve uccāraṇe sta' ityāśrayaṇe tu sarvaṃ padaṃ dviruccārayedityarthaḥ phalitaḥ syāt. tataśca punarityekasyaiva dviruccāryamāṇasya punaḥpunarityādeśatvā'bhāvena sthānivattvā'prasaktyā subantatvavirahāttadditotpattirna syāt. tasmādādeśapakṣa eva śreyānityāstāṃ tāvat. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ tiṅanteṣviti. ākṣīkṣṇyaṃ-paunaḥ punyam. taccaiha pradhānabhūtakriyāyā eva. kriyāprādhānyaṃ cākhyāteṣvastīti `praśaṃsāyāṃ rūpa'viti sūtre bhāṣye spaṣṭam. avyayakṛtsvapi kttvātumunnādiṣu kriyāprādhānyam, `avyayakṛto bhāve' ityukteḥ tathā ca tiṅanteṣvavyayasaṃjñakakṛdanteṣu ca paunaḥpunyanimittakadvirvacanaṃ nānyatretyarthaḥ. tathaivodāharati–pacati pacati bhuktvā bhuktveti. kṛtsnaṃ vṛkṣamityarthaḥ. atra prakṛtatadvāṭikāgatavṛkṣakārtsnyaṃgamyate, jagatītalasthitakṛtsnavṛkṣasecanasyā'śakyatvāt. sarvaśabdasya kārtsnyavācitve'pi na dvitvamityanupadameva `yathāsve' ityatra vakṣyate. vṛkṣaṃ-vṛkṣamityatra kārtsnyāvagame'pi pratyekaniṣaṭhamekatvameva bhāsate, natu bahutvam, ato na bahuvacanam, `ekaikasya prācā'miti liṅgācca. `sarvasye'tyabhāve vṛkṣābhyāmityādau `svādiṣu' iti padatvamavalambya prakṛtibhāgamātrasya dvirvacanaṃ syāt. kṛte tu sarvagrahaṇe padāvayavatvānākrāntasyaiva kṛtsnāvayavopetasya padasya dvitvamityarthalābhānna doṣaḥ. padasyeti kim ?. vākyasya mā bhūt.

nityavīpsayoḥ , 8.1.4 nityavīpsayoḥ. nityaśabdena nityatvaṃ vivakṣitam. taśca ābhīṇyamiti bhāṣyam. vyāptumicchā vīpsā=vyāptipratipādanecchā. sā ca prayoktṛdharmaḥ. vyāptireva tu śābdabodhaviṣaya iti bhāṣyasvarasaḥ. tathā ca "nityavyāptyā"rityeva suvacanam. vyāptiśca kātsryanyena saṃbandhaḥ, upasargabalāt. padasyetyadhikariṣyamāṇamihāpakṛṣyate. "sarvasye"ti sthānaṣaṣṭhī. "dve" iti tvādeśasamarpakam. tasya ca "śabdarūpe" iti viśeṣyamarthāllabhyate, śabdānuśāsanaprastāvāt. te ca śabdarūpe svarūpato'taścāntaratame pade iti sthāne'ntaratamaparibhāṣayā labhyate. tataśca paunaḥpunye kārtsnye ca gamye kṛtsnāvayavaviśiṣṭasya padasyā'rthataśca śabdataścāntaratame dve pade bhavata iti phalitam. tadabhipretyāha--ābhīkṣṇye vīpsāyā ca dyotye iti. dyotyaṃ ca dyotyā ca dyotyam. tasminnityarthaḥ. "napuṃsakamanapuṃsakenaikavaccāsyānyatarasyā"miti napuṃsakaikaśeṣaḥ. ekatvaṃ ca nityavīpse ca prakṛtigamye. dvirvacanaṃ tu dyotakam. satyapi prakṛterdvitve dviruktayoḥ prakṛtyanatirekāditi bodhyam. dvirvacanaṃ syāditi. dve pade ādeśau sta ityarthaḥ. tatrāvayavayoḥ padatvaṃ svataḥ siddham. samudāyasya tu padadvayātmakasya sthānivattvātsubantatvam. tena "apacannapacanni"tyatra ṅamuṭ, "vṛkṣānvṛkṣā"nityatra "padāntasye"ti ṇatvaniṣedhaḥ, "agre'gre" ityatra "eṅaḥ padāntā"diti pūrvarūpaṃ cetyādīnyavayavānāṃ padakāryāṇi sidhyanti. "punaḥpuna"riti samudāyasya sthānivattvena subantatvādbhāve ṣyañi, bhave ṭhañi ca paunaḥ punyam, paunaḥpunika iti ca sidhyati. "dve uccāraṇe sta" ityāśrayaṇe tu sarvaṃ padaṃ dviruccārayedityarthaḥ phalitaḥ syāt. tataśca punarityekasyaiva dviruccāryamāṇasya punaḥpunarityādeśatvā'bhāvena sthānivattvā'prasaktyā subantatvavirahāttadditotpattirna syāt. tasmādādeśapakṣa eva śreyānityāstāṃ tāvat. ābhīkṣṇyaṃ tiṅanteṣviti. ākṣīkṣṇyaṃ-paunaḥ punyam. taccaiha pradhānabhūtakriyāyā eva. kriyāprādhānyaṃ cākhyāteṣvastīti "praśaṃsāyāṃ rūpa"viti sūtre bhāṣye spaṣṭam. avyayakṛtsvapi kttvātumunnādiṣu kriyāprādhānyam, "avyayakṛto bhāve" ityukteḥ tathā ca tiṅanteṣvavyayasaṃjñakakṛdanteṣu ca paunaḥpunyanimittakadvirvacanaṃ nānyatretyarthaḥ. tathaivodāharati--pacati pacati bhuktvā bhuktveti. vīpsāyāmiti. "udāhyiyate" iti śeṣaḥ. vṛkṣaṃ vṛkṣamiti. kṛtsnaṃ vṛkṣamityarthaḥ. atra prakṛtatadvāṭikāgatavṛkṣakārtsnyaṃgamyate, jagatītalasthitakṛtsnavṛkṣasecanasyā'śakyatvāt. sarvaśabdasya kārtsnyavācitve'pi na dvitvamityanupadameva "yathāsve" ityatra vakṣyate. vṛkṣaṃ-vṛkṣamityatra kārtsnyāvagame'pi pratyekaniṣaṭhamekatvameva bhāsate, natu bahutvam, ato na bahuvacanam, "ekaikasya prācā"miti liṅgācca. "sarvasye"tyabhāve vṛkṣābhyāmityādau "svādiṣu" iti padatvamavalambya prakṛtibhāgamātrasya dvirvacanaṃ syāt. kṛte tu sarvagrahaṇe padāvayavatvānākrāntasyaiva kṛtsnāvayavopetasya padasya dvitvamityarthalābhānna doṣaḥ. padasyeti kim?. vākyasya mā bhūt.

nityavīpsayoḥ. nityamiha paunaḥpunyamityāha—ābhīkṣṇya iti. dyotya iti. `napuṃsakamanupuṃsakene'tyekaśeṣaḥ, ekavadbhāvaśca bodhyaḥ padasyeti. tena nityatāyāṃ vidhīyamānaṃ dvirvacanaṃ dhātumātrasya na bhavati. kiṃ ca kriyāsamabhihāre dhātorvihito yaṅantaraṅgaḥ, padasyocyamānaṃ dvirvacanaṃ tu bahiraṅgamiti yaṅaṃ na bādhate. anyathā hi paunaḥpunyaṃ bhṛśārthaśca kriyāsamabhihāra iti bhṛsārthe sāvakāśo['yaṃ]yaṅ paunaḥpunye pareṇa dvirvacanena bādhyeta. na ca padasya dvirvacanābhyupagame sagatikasya prapacati prapaṭhatītyāderdvirvacanaṃ na syāditi vācyaṃ, vārtikakāravacanāttatsiddheḥ. atra vadanti sagatikasya dvitve aikapadyaṃ nāstyeva, sthāninaḥ padatvā'bhāvena ādeśe'pi tasya daurlabhyāt. dviḥprayogapakṣe tu prathamagatiṃ vihāyā'vaśiṣṭasya padatvaṃ prāptaṃ, tasmin satyapi na kṣatiḥ. vastutastviha sthāne dvirvacanapakṣa eva mukhyaḥ. sthāninaḥ subantatvenādeśasyāpabi subantatvātsubantāttaddhita iti pakṣe samudāyāt ṣyaj?ṭhañoḥ saṃbhavena paunaḥpunyaṃ ponaḥpunika iti rūpasiddheḥ. `prātipadikāttaddhitaḥ'iti pakṣābhyupagame'pi śrūyamāṇapratyayāntasyaiva prātipadikatvaniṣedhātpunarityasya[eva] prātipadikatve[na] ādeśasyāpi prātipadikatvātpaunaḥ punyamityādi sidhyatyeva. dviḥprayogapakṣe tvantaraṅgatvādavyayātsupo luki dvitvaṃ pravartata iti samudāyasya subantatvā'bhāvāt prātepadikatvā'bhāvācca ṣyaññañau naca bhavataḥ. na ca `arthavadadhātu'rityādinā samudāyasya prātipadikatveve sorutpattau tasya luki ca subantatvaṃ prātipadikatvaṃ ca saṃbhavatyeveti vācyam. `yatra saṅghāte pūrvo bhāgaḥ padaṃ tasya cedbhavati samāsasyaive'ti niyamena prātipadikatvasyā'saṃbhavena subantatvasyāpyasaṃbhavāt. na ca dviḥprayogapakṣe sa eva dhātuḥ pratyayaśca dviḥpaṭha\ufffdta iti samudāyasyāpi padasaṃjñā pravartate ityadhunaivoktatvātpunaḥpunariti samudāyasya subantatvamastyeveti śaṅkyam, antaraṅgatvātsorluki prakṛtibhāgasya dvirvacane sati yasmātpratyayo vihitastadādi tadantamiti vidhīyamānāyāḥ padasaṃjñāyāḥ samudāyasya durlabhatvāt. tataścaikapadyā'bhāve `punaḥpunarjāyamānā purāṇī' ityādāvavagraho'pi na sidhyediti. ābhīkṣṇyamiti. taddhi kriyāniṣṭhadharmaḥ. tena taddyotanārthaṃ dvitvaṃ kriyāprādhānānāmeva nyāyyam. kriyāprādhānyaṃ cākhyāte'sti, kṛdvi śeṣe ca `avyayakṛto bha#āve'iti vakṣyamāṇatvāditi bhāvaḥ. kecittu kriyāpradhānānāmeva dvitve parigṛhītasādhanāyā eva kriyāyāḥ vyavahāropayogitvāttadanabhidhānācca dhātumātrasya dvitvaṃ na bhavati, kiṃtu tādṛśa kriyābhidhāyinaḥ padasyaiva syāditi padasyetyasyāpakarṣaṇā'bhāve'pi na kṣatirityāhuḥ. taccintyam. uktarītyā nānākārakaviśiṣṭakriyāsamarthakasya vākyasyaiva dvitvāpatteḥ. kiṃ ca bhāvārthakalakārāntānāmavyayakṛtāṃ ca bhavaduktarītyā dvitvaṃ na syāt. nanu tatra nityatāvagatyantaraṃ padāntaraiḥ sādhanākāṅkṣā paripūryata iti bhūyate paktvetyādipadānāṃ dvitvaṃ syādeveti cet. tarhi tatraiva dhātumātrasya dvitvaṃ kena vāryatām. kiṃ ca tadvadeva kartṛkarmalakārasthale'pi dhātimātrasya dvitvaṃ durvāramiti padasyetyapakarṣaṇamāvaśyakameveti dik. vīpsāyāmiti. vyāptumicchā vīpsā. vyāptipratipipādayiṣeti yāvat. sā ca prayoktṛdharmaḥ ābādhavat. `gatagata'ityukte priyasya ciragamanādinā pīḍito vākyaṃ prayuṅkte iti yathā pratīyate tathā vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣaṃ siñcitītyādāvapi vyā\ufffdpta bubodhayiṣoridaṃ vākyamityavagamāt. śābdabodhaviṣayastu vyāptireva. tathāca `nityavyāptyo'rityeva sūtrayituṃ śakyam. vyāptiriha kārtsnyaṃ, taccādhikārikam. `sarve brāāhṛṇā āmantritāḥ 'ityādau yathā. `na hi jagatītale vidyamānā brāāhṛṇāḥ sarve'pi kenatidāmantrayituṃ śakyante'iti svagrāmasthasvajātīyabrāāhṛṇaparatayā tatra saṅkoco yadyapyabhyupeyate tahrratrā'pi sakalavṛkṣasecanasāmathryaṃ kasyāpi manuṣyasya nāstīti yatra vāṭikādau vṛkṣasecanārthamadhikārastadvāṭikāsthavṛkṣāṇāmeva kārtsnyaṃ `vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣaṃ'siñcatī'tyādau gamyate ityabhyupeyam. yatra tu saṅkoce kāraṇaṃ nāsti, tatrā'saṃkoca iṣṭa eva, `jātojāto nidhanamupaitī'ti yathā. na caivaṃ vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣamityādau bahuvacanaprasaṅgaḥ. bahūnāṃ bhāne'pi bahutvasaṃkhyāyāstatrā'bhānāt. pratyekaniṣṭhamekatvameva hi tatra bhāsate ityādi manoramāyāṃ sthitam. `vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣa'miti samudāyasya tu prātipadikatvābhāvādbahuvacanasya prasaṅga eva nāsti. na ca `arthavadadhātu'rityanena prātipadikatvaṃ śaṅkyam. `yatra saṅghāte pūrvo bhāgaḥ padaṃ tasya cedbhavati [tarhi] samāsasyaive'ti niyamāt. na cāṣṭamikaṃ dvirvacanamādeśarūpamiti saṅghāto na bhavatītyapi śaṅkyam, `dve' iti vacanādekasya padasya sthāne dve pade samudite yugapadādeśatvena vidhīyete iti prāguktatvāt. nanvevamapi `saritsarit'`yoṣāyoṣe'tyādau bahuvacanotpattirdurvāraiva. `sari'diti sthāninaḥ prātipadikatvasaṃbhavane tadādeśasyāpi saritsaridityādeḥ sthānivadbhāvena prātipadikatsaṃbhavāditi cet. atrāhuḥ—- antaraṅgaikasaṅkhyāvaruddho. dviruktārthaḥ saṅkhyāntare nirākāṅkṣa eva. na hi vastugatyā bahutvamastītyetāvataiva tasya śābdabodha āpādayituṃ śakyate. asattvārthakeṣvapi tadāpatteḥ. na hi śayanabāhulyābhiprāyeṇa [`devadattena]śayyante'iti bhāve kaścitprayuṅkte. tatrā'yogyaṃ taditi cet. samaṃ prakṛte'pi. atra ca liṅgam `ekaikasya prācā'miti nirdeśa iti.

nitvavīpsayoḥ 1590, 8.1.4 nityavīpsayoḥ. nityamiha paunaḥpunyamityāha---ābhīkṣṇya iti. dyotya iti. "napuṃsakamanupuṃsakene"tyekaśeṣaḥ, ekavadbhāvaśca bodhyaḥ padasyeti. tena nityatāyāṃ vidhīyamānaṃ dvirvacanaṃ dhātumātrasya na bhavati. kiṃ ca kriyāsamabhihāre dhātorvihito yaṅantaraṅgaḥ, padasyocyamānaṃ dvirvacanaṃ tu bahiraṅgamiti yaṅaṃ na bādhate. anyathā hi paunaḥpunyaṃ bhṛśārthaśca kriyāsamabhihāra iti bhṛsārthe sāvakāśo['yaṃ]yaṅ paunaḥpunye pareṇa dvirvacanena bādhyeta. na ca padasya dvirvacanābhyupagame sagatikasya prapacati prapaṭhatītyāderdvirvacanaṃ na syāditi vācyaṃ, vārtikakāravacanāttatsiddheḥ. atra vadanti sagatikasya dvitve aikapadyaṃ nāstyeva, sthāninaḥ padatvā'bhāvena ādeśe'pi tasya daurlabhyāt. dviḥprayogapakṣe tu prathamagatiṃ vihāyā'vaśiṣṭasya padatvaṃ prāptaṃ, tasmin satyapi na kṣatiḥ. vastutastviha sthāne dvirvacanapakṣa eva mukhyaḥ. sthāninaḥ subantatvenādeśasyāpabi subantatvātsubantāttaddhita iti pakṣe samudāyāt ṣyaj()ṭhañoḥ saṃbhavena paunaḥpunyaṃ ponaḥpunika iti rūpasiddheḥ. "prātipadikāttaddhitaḥ"iti pakṣābhyupagame'pi śrūyamāṇapratyayāntasyaiva prātipadikatvaniṣedhātpunarityasya[eva] prātipadikatve[na] ādeśasyāpi prātipadikatvātpaunaḥ punyamityādi sidhyatyeva. dviḥprayogapakṣe tvantaraṅgatvādavyayātsupo luki dvitvaṃ pravartata iti samudāyasya subantatvā'bhāvāt prātepadikatvā'bhāvācca ṣyaññañau naca bhavataḥ. na ca "arthavadadhātu"rityādinā samudāyasya prātipadikatveve sorutpattau tasya luki ca subantatvaṃ prātipadikatvaṃ ca saṃbhavatyeveti vācyam. "yatra saṅghāte pūrvo bhāgaḥ padaṃ tasya cedbhavati samāsasyaive"ti niyamena prātipadikatvasyā'saṃbhavena subantatvasyāpyasaṃbhavāt. na ca dviḥprayogapakṣe sa eva dhātuḥ pratyayaśca dviḥpaṭha()ta iti samudāyasyāpi padasaṃjñā pravartate ityadhunaivoktatvātpunaḥpunariti samudāyasya subantatvamastyeveti śaṅkyam, antaraṅgatvātsorluki prakṛtibhāgasya dvirvacane sati yasmātpratyayo vihitastadādi tadantamiti vidhīyamānāyāḥ padasaṃjñāyāḥ samudāyasya durlabhatvāt. tataścaikapadyā'bhāve "punaḥpunarjāyamānā purāṇī" ityādāvavagraho'pi na sidhyediti. ābhīkṣṇyamiti. taddhi kriyāniṣṭhadharmaḥ. tena taddyotanārthaṃ dvitvaṃ kriyāprādhānānāmeva nyāyyam. kriyāprādhānyaṃ cākhyāte'sti, kṛdvi śeṣe ca "avyayakṛto bha#āve"iti vakṣyamāṇatvāditi bhāvaḥ. kecittu kriyāpradhānānāmeva dvitve parigṛhītasādhanāyā eva kriyāyāḥ vyavahāropayogitvāttadanabhidhānācca dhātumātrasya dvitvaṃ na bhavati, kiṃtu tādṛśa kriyābhidhāyinaḥ padasyaiva syāditi padasyetyasyāpakarṣaṇā'bhāve'pi na kṣatirityāhuḥ. taccintyam. uktarītyā nānākārakaviśiṣṭakriyāsamarthakasya vākyasyaiva dvitvāpatteḥ. kiṃ ca bhāvārthakalakārāntānāmavyayakṛtāṃ ca bhavaduktarītyā dvitvaṃ na syāt. nanu tatra nityatāvagatyantaraṃ padāntaraiḥ sādhanākāṅkṣā paripūryata iti bhūyate paktvetyādipadānāṃ dvitvaṃ syādeveti cet. tarhi tatraiva dhātumātrasya dvitvaṃ kena vāryatām. kiṃ ca tadvadeva kartṛkarmalakārasthale'pi dhātimātrasya dvitvaṃ durvāramiti padasyetyapakarṣaṇamāvaśyakameveti dik. vīpsāyāmiti. vyāptumicchā vīpsā. vyāptipratipipādayiṣeti yāvat. sā ca prayoktṛdharmaḥ ābādhavat. "gatagata"ityukte priyasya ciragamanādinā pīḍito vākyaṃ prayuṅkte iti yathā pratīyate tathā vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣaṃ siñcitītyādāvapi vyā()pta bubodhayiṣoridaṃ vākyamityavagamāt. śābdabodhaviṣayastu vyāptireva. tathāca "nityavyāptyo"rityeva sūtrayituṃ śakyam. vyāptiriha kārtsnyaṃ, taccādhikārikam. "sarve brāāhṛṇā āmantritāḥ "ityādau yathā. "na hi jagatītale vidyamānā brāāhṛṇāḥ sarve'pi kenatidāmantrayituṃ śakyante"iti svagrāmasthasvajātīyabrāāhṛṇaparatayā tatra saṅkoco yadyapyabhyupeyate tahrratrā'pi sakalavṛkṣasecanasāmathryaṃ kasyāpi manuṣyasya nāstīti yatra vāṭikādau vṛkṣasecanārthamadhikārastadvāṭikāsthavṛkṣāṇāmeva kārtsnyaṃ "vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣaṃ"siñcatī"tyādau gamyate ityabhyupeyam. yatra tu saṅkoce kāraṇaṃ nāsti, tatrā'saṃkoca iṣṭa eva, "jātojāto nidhanamupaitī"ti yathā. na caivaṃ vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣamityādau bahuvacanaprasaṅgaḥ. bahūnāṃ bhāne'pi bahutvasaṃkhyāyāstatrā'bhānāt. pratyekaniṣṭhamekatvameva hi tatra bhāsate ityādi manoramāyāṃ sthitam. "vṛkṣaṃvṛkṣa"miti samudāyasya tu prātipadikatvābhāvādbahuvacanasya prasaṅga eva nāsti. na ca "arthavadadhātu"rityanena prātipadikatvaṃ śaṅkyam. "yatra saṅghāte pūrvo bhāgaḥ padaṃ tasya cedbhavati [tarhi] samāsasyaive"ti niyamāt. na cāṣṭamikaṃ dvirvacanamādeśarūpamiti saṅghāto na bhavatītyapi śaṅkyam, "dve" iti vacanādekasya padasya sthāne dve pade samudite yugapadādeśatvena vidhīyete iti prāguktatvāt. nanvevamapi "saritsarit""yoṣāyoṣe"tyādau bahuvacanotpattirdurvāraiva. "sari"diti sthāninaḥ prātipadikatvasaṃbhavane tadādeśasyāpi saritsaridityādeḥ sthānivadbhāvena prātipadikatsaṃbhavāditi cet. atrāhuḥ----antaraṅgaikasaṅkhyāvaruddho. dviruktārthaḥ saṅkhyāntare nirākāṅkṣa eva. na hi vastugatyā bahutvamastītyetāvataiva tasya śābdabodha āpādayituṃ śakyate. asattvārthakeṣvapi tadāpatteḥ. na hi śayanabāhulyābhiprāyeṇa ["devadattena]śayyante"iti bhāve kaścitprayuṅkte. tatrā'yogyaṃ taditi cet. samaṃ prakṛte'pi. atra ca liṅgam "ekaikasya prācā"miti nirdeśa iti.