Grammatical Sūtra: अप्तृन्तृच्स्वसृनप्तृनेष्टृत्वष्टृक्षत्तृहोतृपोतृप्रशास्तॄणाम् aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṝṇām
Individual Word Components: aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṝpraśāstṝṇām Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṝpraśāstṝṇām dīrghaḥ (6.3.111 ), aṅgasya (6.4.1 ), nopadhāyāḥ (6.4.7 ), sarvanāmasthāne (6.4.8 ), asambuddhau (6.4.8 ) Type of Rule: vidhiPreceding adhikāra rule: 6.4.1 (1aṅgasya)
Description:
Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)
In the strong cases, with the exception of the Vocative Singular, the penultimate vowel is lengthened in ((ap)), in stems formed by ((tṛn)) and ((tṛc)) affixes, and in ((svasṛ)), ((naptṛ)), ((neṣṭṛ)), ((tvaṣṭṛ)), ((kṣattṛ)), ((hotṛ)), ((potṛ)) and ((praśāstṛ))| | Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[A substitute long vowel 3.111 replaces the penultimate vowel 7 of pre-affixal stems 1] áp- `water', [those ending in 1.1.72 the affixes 3.1.1] tr̥N and tŕC and svásr̥- `sister', náp-tr̥- `nephew', nés-ṭr̥- `n. of an official priest', tváṣ-ṭr̥- `n.pr. of a divinity', kṣat-tŕ- `charioteer, coachman, attendant', hótr̥-, pótr̥- and pra-śās-tŕ- `names of officiating priests' [before 1.1.66 strong sUP triplets excluding the vocative singular 8]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini Anuvṛtti: 6.4.7 , 6.4.8
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : apityetasya, tṛnantasya, tṛjantasya, svasṛ naptṛ neṣṭṛ tvaṣtṛ kṣattṛ hot ṛ po tṛ
p See More
apityetasya, tṛnantasya, tṛjantasya, svasṛ naptṛ neṣṭṛ tvaṣtṛ kṣattṛ hotṛ potṛ
paśāstṛ ityeteṣāṃ cāṅgānām upadhāyā dīrgho bhavati sarvanāmasthāne parato 'sambuddhau.
ap āpaḥ. bahvāmpi taḍāgāni iti kecidicchanti, tatra samāsānto vidhiranityaḥ iti
samāsānto na kriyate. nityam api ca numamakṛtva dīrghatvam iṣyate. tṛn kartārau
kaṭān. vaditārau janāpavādān. kartāraḥ. tṛc kartārau kaṭasya. kartāraḥ. hartārau
bhārasya. hartāraḥ. svasṛ svasā, svasārau, svasāraḥ. naptṛ naptā, naptārau, naptāraḥ.
neṣṭṛ neṣṭā, neṣṭārau, neṣṭāraḥ. tvaṣṭṛ tvaṣṭā, tvaṣṭārau, tvaṣṭāraḥ.
kṣattṛ kṣattā, kṣattārau, kṣattāraḥ. hotṛ hotā, hotārau, hotāraḥ. potṛ potā,
potārau, potāraḥ. praśāstṛ praśāstā, praśāstārau, praśāstāraḥ. naptrādināṃ
grahaṇamavyutpattipakṣe vidhyartham. vyutpattipakṣe niyamārtham, evam bhūtānām
anyeṣāṃ saṃjñāśabdānāṃ dīrgho mā bhūtiti. pitarau, pitaraḥ. mātarau,mātaraḥ. asambuddhau
iti kim? he kartaḥ. he svasaḥ.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṝṇām 6.4.11 apityeta sy a, t ṛn See More
aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṝṇām 6.4.11 apityetasya, tṛnantasya, tṛjantasya, svasṛ naptṛ neṣṭṛ tvaṣtṛ kṣattṛ hotṛ potṛ paśāstṛ ityeteṣāṃ cāṅgānām upadhāyā dīrgho bhavati sarvanāmasthāne parato 'sambuddhau. ap āpaḥ. bahvāmpi taḍāgāni iti kecidicchanti, tatra samāsānto vidhiranityaḥ iti samāsānto na kriyate. nityam api ca numamakṛtva dīrghatvam iṣyate. tṛn kartārau kaṭān. vaditārau janāpavādān. kartāraḥ. tṛc kartārau kaṭasya. kartāraḥ. hartārau bhārasya. hartāraḥ. svasṛ svasā, svasārau, svasāraḥ. naptṛ naptā, naptārau, naptāraḥ. neṣṭṛ neṣṭā, neṣṭārau, neṣṭāraḥ. tvaṣṭṛ tvaṣṭā, tvaṣṭārau, tvaṣṭāraḥ. kṣattṛ kṣattā, kṣattārau, kṣattāraḥ. hotṛ hotā, hotārau, hotāraḥ. potṛ potā, potārau, potāraḥ. praśāstṛ praśāstā, praśāstārau, praśāstāraḥ. naptrādināṃ grahaṇamavyutpattipakṣe vidhyartham. vyutpattipakṣe niyamārtham, evam bhūtānām anyeṣāṃ saṃjñāśabdānāṃ dīrgho mā bhūtiti. pitarau, pitaraḥ. mātarau,mātaraḥ. asambuddhau iti kim? he kartaḥ. he svasaḥ.
Nyāsa2 : aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṭakṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṛ?ṇām?. , 6.4.11 "āpaḥ &q uo t; i See More
aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṭakṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṛ?ṇām?. , 6.4.11 "āpaḥ" iti. apśabdasya bahutvādekavacanadvivacane na sambhavata iti bahuvacanamupanyastam(). "bahvāmpi" iti. bahava āpa eṣviti bahuvrīhiḥ. tadantavidheriṣṭatvāt? tadantasyāpi dīrghatvaṃ bhavati. tathā hi "yena vidhistadantasya" 1.1.71 ityatra sūtre "kāni punaratra prayojanāni" iti praśne idamuktaṃ prayojanam()--mahadapasvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛ iti. kathaṃ punariṣyamāṇo'pi tadantavidhirlabhyate yāvatā "grahaṇavatā prātipadikena tadantavidhiḥ pratiṣidhyate" (vyā.pā.89)? naiṣa doṣaḥ; "sarvanāmasthāne cāsambṛddhau" 6.4.8 ityataścakāro'nuvatrtate, sa cānuktasamuccayārthaḥ. tena tadantasyāpi dīrghatvaṃ bhaviṣyati. "kecit" iti vacanāt? kecinnecchantītyuktam(). tanmatena bahvampītyevaṃ bhavati. kasmāt? punaratra "ṛkpūrabdhūḥpathāmānakṣe" (5.4.74) ityanenākāraḥ samāsānto na kriyate? ityāha--"tatra samāsānto vidhiranityaḥ" ityādi. iyañca paribhāṣā "sphigapūtavīṇāñjo'dhvakukṣisīranāma nāma ca" 6.2.186 ityatrādhvagrahaṇena jñāpitā. yathādhvagrahaṇaṃ jñāpakaṃ tathā tatraidoktam(). nanvevamapi bahvāmpīti naiva sambhavati, tathā hi--bahvap()+śi iti sthite'nena dīrghatvaṃ prāpnoti, "napusakasya jhalacaḥ" (7.1.72) iti num? ca, tatra kṛtakṛtapraṅgitvena nityatvāt? paratvācca num? katrtavyaḥ, tasmin? kṛta upadhāyā adīrghabhāvinītvāddīrghatvaṃ na prāpnoti? ityata āha--"nityamapi ca" ityādi. nityamapītyapiśabdāt? paramapi. kathaṃ punariṣyamāṇaṃ numamakṛtvā dīrghatvaṃ lakṣyate? "vā ṣapūrvasya nigame" 6.4.9 ityataḥ pūrvagrahaṇānuvṛtteḥ. tasyaitadeva prayojanam()--yadanyat? kāryaṃ prāpnoti tadakṛtvā dīrghatvameva pūrva katrtavyamiti.
anyastvāha--"napuṃsakasya jhalacaḥ" (7.1.72) iti num? vidhīyate, napuṃsakañcārthadharmaḥ, arthe ca śabdānuśāsane'smin? kāryābhāvānnapuṃsakāmidhāyī śabdo numvidhāvāśrayaṇīyaḥ. tañca śabdaṃ grahītuṃ prayogo'nugamanīya iti numo bahiraṅgatvam(). ayaṃ tu dīrghaḥ sākṣādapśabdamuccārya vidhīyamāno yathoccāritasyaiva kriyamāṇo'lpāśrayatvādantaraṅga iti pūrvaṃ dīrghaḥ pravatrtate, paścānnumiti. etaccāyuktam(), anena hi nyāyena bahvāmpīti na sidhyet(). evadapi kaiścidiṣyate--asya ca nyāyasya sādhāraṇatvādihāpi parvameva dīrghatvena bhavitavyam(), paścānnumā. pūrva()smastu parihāre na doṣaḥ. ye hi bahvampītīcchanti te pūrvagrahaṇamiha nānuvatrtayanti.
"katrtāraḥ" iti. tacchīlādāvarthe tṛnniti "ṛto ṅisarvanāmasthānayoḥ" 7.3.110 iti guṇaḥ. "janāpavādān()" iti. dvitīyāntasyānuprayogastṛnnantatāṃ darśayitum(). tṛno hi prayoge "na lokāvyayaniṣṭhā" 2.3.69 ityādinā ṣaṣṭha()āṃ pratiṣiddhāyām(), dvitīyaiva bhavati. ekavacanaṃ nodāhmatam(). tatra "ṛduśanaspurudaṃśo'nehasāñca" 7.1.94 ityanaṅādeśe kṛte "nopadhāyāḥ" 6.4.7 "sarvanāmasthāne ca" 6.4.8 ityādinā dīrghasya siddhatvāt(). "kaṭasya" iti ṣaṣṭha()ntasyānuprayogastṛco'bhivyaktaye. tasya prayoge karmaṇi ṣaṣṭhī bhavati "karttṛ karmaṇoḥ kṛti" 2.3.65 ityanena. atha yathā "turiṣṭhemeyassu" (6.4.154) ityatra turiti tṛṃstṛcoryat? samānaṃ rūpaṃ tasyaiva grahaṇaṃ kṛtam(), na tu tayorbhedena, tatehāpi kimarthaṃ na kṛtām()? "arvaṇastrasāvanañaḥ" 6.4.127 ityarvādeśasya tṛśabdasya grahaṇaṃ mā bhūdityevamarthamiti cet(), naitat? prayojanam(); arthavadgrahaṇaparibhāṣayaiva (vyā.pa.1) hi tasya grahaṇaṃ na bhaviṣyati. evaṃ tṛṃstṛcorbhedenopādānamasyāḥ paribhāṣāyā anityatvajñāpanārtham(). tena "aninasmangrahaṇānyarthavatā cānarthakena ca prayojayanti" (vyā.pa.129) ityupapannaṃ bhavati. atha vā--"sāmānyanirdeśe kvacidviśeṣa eva gṛhrate" iti jñāpanārtham(). tena "na kopadhāyāḥ" 6.3.36 ityatra sāmānyoktāvapi taddhitavusambandhyeva kakāro gṛhrate, na kakāramātram().
atha naptrādīnāṃ grahaṇaṃ kimartham(), yāvatā te hi kecit? tṛjantā vyutpādyante kecit? tṛnnantāḥ. tatra tṛstṛjgrahaṇenaiva sidadham()? ityāha--"naptrādīnām()" ityādi. kecidāryā naptrādīnyakṣyutpannāni prātipadikānīcchanti, kecidvyutpannāni. tatraiṣā vyutpattiḥ--naptriti namestṛci makārasya pakāro nipātyate. neṣṭrati--nayatestṛci ṣuk? ca. tvaṣṭriti--tviṣestatraivākāra upa(dhāyā aniṭtvañca. kṣitriti--kṣadestṛc(). hotṛpotriti-jṛhoteḥ punāteśca sa eva. praśāstriti--śāseḥ [tṛn()tṛcau śaṃsikṣadādibyaḥ saṃjñāyāṃ cāniṭau--paṃ.u.2.94] prapūrvācchasikṣadādibhyaḥ saṃjñāyāṃ cāniṭtvañceti tṛnnaniṭtvañca. tatrāvyutpattipakṣa eṣāṃ tṛntṛjantatvābhāvāt? tṛṃstṛjgrahaṇena grahaṇaṃ na bhavatīti vidhyartha pṛthagupādānam(). vyutpattipakṣe tu tṛṃstṛjantādeva siddhe niyamārtham()--eṣāmeva saṃjñāśabdānāṃ yathā syāt(), anye ya evambhūtāḥ saṃjñāśabdāsteṣāṃ mā bhūditi. tena mātarau mātaraḥ ityādau na bhavati. atha praśāstṛṇāmityatra kena ṇatvam(), "raṣābhyām()" (8.4.1) ityādineti cet()? na; yasmāt? "raṣābhyām()" ityucyate, na ca#ātra raṣau staḥ. evaṃ tahrreṣa nirdeśī jñāpayati--yato vihitaṃ ṇatvaṃ tato'nyatrāpi bhavatīti. tena mātṛ()ṇām? pitṛ()ṇām(), grāmaṇīḥ agraṇorityādau ṇatvaṃ siddhaṃ bhavati. tataśca raṣābhyāṃ ṇatve "ṛvarṇāccaceti vaktavyam()" (vā.946) na vaktavyaṃ bhavati॥
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī1 : abādīnām upadhāyā dīrghaḥ asaṃbuddhau sarvanāmasthāne. kroṣṭā. kroṣṭāra u.
k ro ṣṭ Sū #207 See More
abādīnām upadhāyā dīrghaḥ asaṃbuddhau sarvanāmasthāne. kroṣṭā. kroṣṭārau.
kroṣṭāraḥ. kroṣṭūn..
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī2 : aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṝṇām 207, 6.4.11 abādī nā m up ad See More
aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṝṇām 207, 6.4.11 abādīnām upadhāyā dīrghaḥ asaṃbuddhau sarvanāmasthāne. kroṣṭā. kroṣṭārau. kroṣṭāraḥ. kroṣṭūn॥
Bālamanoramā1 : aptṛn. `nopadhāyāḥ' ityata `upadhāyā' ityanuvartate. `sarvanā ma st hā ne Sū #275 See More
aptṛn. `nopadhāyāḥ' ityata `upadhāyā' ityanuvartate. `sarvanāmasthāne cāsaṃbuddhau'
iti cakāravarjamanuvartate. tadāha–abādīnāmiti. atra aṣṭādhyāyāṃ tāvat `tṛn' iti
sūtreṇa, `ṇvultṛcau' iti sūtreṇa ca kartari tṛntṛcau vihitau. tathā uṇādiṣu
`tṛntṛcau śaṃsikṣādādibhyaḥ saṃjñāyāṃ cā'niṭau' `bahulamanyatrāpi' iti sūtrābhyāṃ
tṛntṛco vidhāya, `naptṛneṣṭṭatvaṣṭṭahotṛpotṛbhrātṛjāmātṛmātṛpitṛduhitṛ' iti
sūtreṇa naptrādayo nipātitāḥ. tataśca saṃjñāśabdāstṛntṛjantā auṇādikā iti
sthitiḥ. tatra tṛjantatvādeva siddhe naptārdigrahaṇaṃ vyarthamityata āha–
naptrādigrahaṇamiti.
naptrādisaptānāmeva tṛntṛjantānāṃ dīrgha iti niyameva taditareṣāṃ pitṛbhrātrādīnāṃ
na dīrgha iti bhāvaḥ. naca praśāstṛśabda auṇādiko na bhavatīti bhramitavyaṃ, tasyāpi
saṃjñāśabdasya śaṃsikṣadādigaṇapraviṣṭatvena oṇādikatvāt. atra mūle
`vyutpattipakṣe' ityuktyā avyutpattipakṣe naptrādisaptānāṃ
tṛntṛjantatvā'bhāvādaprāptau naptrādigrahaṇamarthavat. taditarapitṛmātrādiśabdānāṃ
tu auṇādikānāmavyutpannatayā tṛntṛjantatvā'bhāvādeva na dīrgha iti sūcitam. nanvevaṃ
sati udgātṛśabdasyāpi saṃjñāśabdasya śaṃsikṣadāditvena auṇādikatvāttasya ca
nuptrādisaptasvanantarbhāvātkathaṃ dīrgha ityata āha–udgātṛśabdasyeti.
`ṇvultṛcau' iti sūtrastha bhāṣye tu `aptṛ' ityevāstu, tṛntṛcogrrahaṇaṃ
māstviti prapañcitam. `tṛ'nniti bhāṣye tu tṛnvidhau `ṛcvikṣu
cānupasargasye'ti vaktavyam. hotā. potā. anupasargasya kim ?. praśāstā.
pratihartā. auṇādikatṛjanta evāyam. `nayatestṛn vaktavyaḥ ṣukca'. neṣṭā.
`tviṣerdevatāyāṃ tṛn vaktavyaḥ. akāraścopadhāyā aniṭtvaṃ ca'. tvaṣṭā. `kṣadeśca
yukte tṛn vaktavyaḥ'. kṣattā. ityevaṃ
hotṛpotṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛśabdāstṛnnantā vyutpāditāḥ. tanmate tu teṣāṃ
pañcānāmihagrahaṇaṃ prapañcārtham. naptṛpraśāstṛgrahaṇamevoktaniyamārthamityanyatra
vistaraḥ. kroṣṭeti. kroṣṭan s #iti sthite ekadeśāvikṛtasyānanyatayā
tṛjantatvāddīrghaḥ. halṅyādinā sulopaḥ. nalopaḥ. yadyapi `sarvanāmasthāne
ce'tyevātra dīrghaḥ sidhyati tathāpi paratvādaptṛnnityeva dīrgho nyāyyaḥ.
kroṣṭārāviti. kroṣṭu-au iti sthite tṛjvadbhāvaḥ. kroṣṭu-ā iti sthite.
Bālamanoramā2 : aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭutvaṣṭukṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṛṇām 275, 6.4.11 aptṛn . &q uo t; See More
aptṛntṛcsvasṛnaptṛneṣṭutvaṣṭukṣattṛhotṛpotṛpraśāstṛṇām 275, 6.4.11 aptṛn. "nopadhāyāḥ" ityata "upadhāyā" ityanuvartate. "sarvanāmasthāne cāsaṃbuddhau" iti cakāravarjamanuvartate. tadāha--abādīnāmiti. atra aṣṭādhyāyāṃ tāvat "tṛn" iti sūtreṇa, "ṇvultṛcau" iti sūtreṇa ca kartari tṛntṛcau vihitau. tathā uṇādiṣu "tṛntṛcau śaṃsikṣādādibhyaḥ saṃjñāyāṃ cā'niṭau" "bahulamanyatrāpi" iti sūtrābhyāṃ tṛntṛco vidhāya, "naptṛneṣṭṭatvaṣṭṭahotṛpotṛbhrātṛjāmātṛmātṛpitṛduhitṛ" iti sūtreṇa naptrādayo nipātitāḥ. tataśca saṃjñāśabdāstṛntṛjantā auṇādikā iti sthitiḥ. tatra tṛjantatvādeva siddhe naptārdigrahaṇaṃ vyarthamityata āha--naptrādigrahaṇamiti. niyamaśarīramāha--uṇādīti. teneti. auṇādikeṣu naptrādisaptānāmeva tṛntṛjantānāṃ dīrgha iti niyameva taditareṣāṃ pitṛbhrātrādīnāṃ na dīrgha iti bhāvaḥ. naca praśāstṛśabda auṇādiko na bhavatīti bhramitavyaṃ, tasyāpi saṃjñāśabdasya śaṃsikṣadādigaṇapraviṣṭatvena oṇādikatvāt. atra mūle "vyutpattipakṣe" ityuktyā avyutpattipakṣe naptrādisaptānāṃ tṛntṛjantatvā'bhāvādaprāptau naptrādigrahaṇamarthavat. taditarapitṛmātrādiśabdānāṃ tu auṇādikānāmavyutpannatayā tṛntṛjantatvā'bhāvādeva na dīrgha iti sūcitam. nanvevaṃ sati udgātṛśabdasyāpi saṃjñāśabdasya śaṃsikṣadāditvena auṇādikatvāttasya ca nuptrādisaptasvanantarbhāvātkathaṃ dīrgha ityata āha--udgātṛśabdasyeti. "ṇvultṛcau" iti sūtrastha bhāṣye tu "aptṛ" ityevāstu, tṛntṛcogrrahaṇaṃ māstviti prapañcitam. "tṛ"nniti bhāṣye tu tṛnvidhau "ṛcvikṣu cānupasargasye"ti vaktavyam. hotā. potā. anupasargasya kim?. praśāstā. pratihartā. auṇādikatṛjanta evāyam. "nayatestṛn vaktavyaḥ ṣukca". neṣṭā. "tviṣerdevatāyāṃ tṛn vaktavyaḥ. akāraścopadhāyā aniṭtvaṃ ca". tvaṣṭā. "kṣadeśca yukte tṛn vaktavyaḥ". kṣattā. ityevaṃ hotṛpotṛneṣṭṛtvaṣṭṛkṣattṛśabdāstṛnnantā vyutpāditāḥ. tanmate tu teṣāṃ pañcānāmihagrahaṇaṃ prapañcārtham. naptṛpraśāstṛgrahaṇamevoktaniyamārthamityanyatra vistaraḥ. kroṣṭeti. kroṣṭan s #iti sthite ekadeśāvikṛtasyānanyatayā tṛjantatvāddīrghaḥ. halṅyādinā sulopaḥ. nalopaḥ. yadyapi "sarvanāmasthāne ce"tyevātra dīrghaḥ sidhyati tathāpi paratvādaptṛnnityeva dīrgho nyāyyaḥ. kroṣṭārāviti. kroṣṭu-au iti sthite tṛjvadbhāvaḥ. kroṣṭu-ā iti sthite.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam 2.Source: Sanskrit Documents
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