Grammatical Sūtra: उपसर्गादृति धातौ upasargādṛti dhātau Individual Word Components: upasargāt ṛti dhātauSūtra with anuvṛtti words: upasargāt ṛti dhātau saṁhitāyām (6.1.72 ), aci (6.1.77 ), ekaḥ (6.1.84 ), pūrvaparayoḥ (6.1.84 ), āt (6.1.87 ), vṛddhiḥ (6.1.88 ) Type of Rule: vidhiPreceding adhikāra rule: 6.1.84 (1ekaḥ pūrvaparayoḥ)
Description:
Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)
The Vṛiddhi is the single substitute when the ((a)) or ((ā)) of a preposition (upasarga) is followed by the short ((ṛ)) of a verb. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[A single substitute 84 denoted by the t.t. vŕddhi (1.1.1 = ā, ai, au) 88 replaces both 84] the preverb [final 1.1.52 phoneme-class /a/ 87] and the (initial 1.1.54) syllabic resonant /r̥/ of a verbal stem (dhāt-au) [occurring after 1.1.67 it in continuous utterance 72]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Avarṇāntāt upasargāt ṛkārādau dhātau parataḥ pūrvaparayoḥ sthāne vṛddhirekādeśaḥ bhavati, saṃhitāyāṃ viṣaye॥ {ād guṇaḥ(6। 1। 84)} ityetasya apavādaḥ ayam। Source: Sanskrit Documents
Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona 3/16:prarṣabham vanam | 4/16:upasargāt vṛddhividhau dhātugrahaṇe uktam |* 5/16:kim uktam |
1/16:dhātau iti kimartham |4/16:upasargāt vṛddhividhau dhātugrahaṇe uktam |*
1/188:che tukaḥ sambuddhiguṇaḥ |* 11/188:na vā bahiraṅgalakṣaṇatvāt | na vā vaktavyaḥ |* 33/188:samprasāraṇadīrghatvaṇyallopābhyāsaguṇādayaḥ ca |* 74/188:yaṇadeśāt āt guṇaḥ |* 82/188:irurguṇavṛddhividhayaḥ ca |* 97/188:bhalopadhātuprātipadikapratyayasamāsāntodāttanivṛttisvarāḥ ekādeśāt ca |* 137/188:allopāllopau ca ārdhadhātuke |* 151/188:iyaṅuvaṅguṇavṛddhiṭitkinmitpūrvapadavikārāḥ ca |*
Collapse Kielhorn/Abhyankar (III,70.7-14) Rohatak (IV,423-424) * Kātyāyana's Vārttikas
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : ne v ṛd dh ir
ātityeva. avarṇāntādupasargātṛkārādau dhātau parataḥ pūrvaparayoḥ sthāne vṛddhirekādeśo
bhavati. ādguṇāpavādaḥ. upārcchati. prārcchati. upārdhnoti. upasargātiti kim?
khaṭvarcchati. mālarcchati. pragatā ṛ cchakā asmād deśāt prarcchako deśaḥ.
yatkriyāyuktāḥ prādayaḥ taṃ prati gatyupasargasaṃjñakāḥ iti. ṛti iti kim? upa itaḥ
upetaḥ. taparakaraṇam kim? upa ṛkarīyati uparkārīyati. vā supyāpiśaleḥ 6-1-92 iti
vikalpaḥ syāt. upasargagrahaṇādeva dhātugrahaṇe siddhe dhātugrahaṇaṃ
śākalanivṛttyartham. ṛtyakaḥ 6-1-128 iti hi śākalyasya prakrtibhāvaḥ
prāpnoti.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : au p ar at aḥ
upasargādṛti dhātau 6.1.91 ātityeva. avarṇāntādupasargātṛkārādau dhātau parataḥ pūrvaparayoḥ sthāne vṛddhirekādeśo bhavati. ādguṇāpavādaḥ. upārcchati. prārcchati. upārdhnoti. upasargātiti kim? khaṭvarcchati. mālarcchati. pragatā ṛ cchakā asmād deśāt prarcchako deśaḥ. yatkriyāyuktāḥ prādayaḥ taṃ prati gatyupasargasaṃjñakāḥ iti. ṛti iti kim? upa itaḥ upetaḥ. taparakaraṇam kim? upa ṛkarīyati uparkārīyati. vā supyāpiśaleḥ 6.1.89 iti vikalpaḥ syāt. upasargagrahaṇādeva dhātugrahaṇe siddhe dhātugrahaṇaṃ śākalanivṛttyartham. ṛtyakaḥ 6.1.124 iti hi śākalyasya prakrtibhāvaḥ prāpnoti.
Nyāsa2 : ga ta nd ri ya
upasargādṛti dhātoṃ. , 6.1.88 "upācrchati" iti. "ṛccha gatandriyapralayamūrtibhāveṣu" (dhā.pa.1296) "pragatā ṛcchakā asmāddeśāt? pracchako deśaḥ" iti. atra "yaṃ prati kriyāyuktā prādayastaṃ prata gatyapasargasaṃjñakā bhavanti" iti gamiṃ prati praśabdo gatyupasargasaṃjñakaḥ, na ṛcchatiṃ paratīti bhavati pratyudāharaṇamidam().
"vā supyāpiśaleriti vikalpaḥ syat" iti. etenottarārthatāṃ taparakaraṇasya darśayati. atha dhātagrahaṇaṃ kimartham(), yāvata sambandhiśabdā hi niyataṃ pratayoginamupasthāpayanti, tadyathā--putrādaśabdāḥ, upasargaścāyaṃ dhātvapekṣatvāt? sambandhiśabdaḥ tatropasargagrahaṇādeva dhātugrahaṇaṃ sidhyati? ata āha--"upasargagrahaṇādeva" ityādi. yadi dhātugrahaṇaṃ na krayeta, tadā parācrchatītyatra "ṛtyakaḥ" (6.1.128) iti paratvāt? śākalyasya matena parakṛtavadbhāvaḥ lyāt(). tasmāt tasya śākalyasya prakṛtivadbhāvasya nivṛttyarthaṃ dhātugrahaṇaṃ kriyate. kathaṃ punaḥ kriyamāṇe dhātagrahaṇe śākalyasya prakṛtavadbhāvanivṛttirlabhyate? yogavibhāgakāraṇāt(). sati hi dhātugrahaṇe yogavibhāgaḥ kriyate--upasargāvṛtti vṛddhirbhavatīti; tato dhātāviti, ihopasargāditi vatrtate. tato dvitīyo yogo bādhakabādhanārtho vijñāyate. atha "upasargācchandasi dhātvarthe" 5.1.117 ityatra yathā prādyupalakṣaṇārthamupasargagrahaṇaṃ vijñāyate, tathehāpi kasmānna vijñāyeta? aśakyatvāt(). "upasargācchandasi dhātvarthe" ityatra hi dhātorupasthānaṃ na sambhavatīti yuktaṃ prādyupalakṣaṇārthamupasargagrahaṇam(). iha hi dhātorupasthānaṃ sambhavatītyayuktam()॥
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī1 : Sū #37
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī2 : e vṛ dd hi re
upasargādṛti dhātau 37, 6.1.88 avarṇāntādupasargāddakārādau dhātau pare vṛddhirekādeśaḥ syāt. prārcchati॥
Bālamanoramā1 : rg āv iś eṣ aṇ Sū #75
upasargādṛti. ādguṇa ityata āditi pañcamyantamanuvartate. tacca upasargāviśeṣaṇam,
atastadantavidhiḥ. akārāntāditi labhyate. ṛtīti dhātorviśeṣaṇam. yasminvidhiriti
tadādividhiḥ. ṛkārādāviti labhyate. vṛddhirecītyato vṛddhiriti cānuvartate. `ekaḥ
pūrvaparayo'rityadhikṛtam. tadāha–avarṇāntādityādinā. ekādeśa iti.
`pūrvaparayoraco'riti śeṣaḥ. anyathā upasargasya dhātośca sarvādeśaḥ syāt. upācrchati
prācrchatīti. upa ṛcchatiṃ praṛcchati iti sthite guṇe prāpte'nena vṛddhī-
raparatvam.
Bālamanoramā2 : my an ta ma nu
upasargādṛti dhātau 75, 6.1.88 upasargādṛti. ādguṇa ityata āditi pañcamyantamanuvartate. tacca upasargāviśeṣaṇam, atastadantavidhiḥ. akārāntāditi labhyate. ṛtīti dhātorviśeṣaṇam. yasminvidhiriti tadādividhiḥ. ṛkārādāviti labhyate. vṛddhirecītyato vṛddhiriti cānuvartate. "ekaḥ pūrvaparayo"rityadhikṛtam. tadāha--avarṇāntādityādinā. ekādeśa iti. "pūrvaparayoraco"riti śeṣaḥ. anyathā upasargasya dhātośca sarvādeśaḥ syāt. upācrchati prācrchatīti. upa ṛcchatiṃ praṛcchati iti sthite guṇe prāpte'nena vṛddhī-raparatvam.
Tattvabodhinī1 : ak ar aṇ am ut Sū #62
upasargādṛti. upasargātkim ?, khaṭvacrchati. ṛti kim ?, upetaḥ.
taparakaraṇamuttarārtham. iha dīrgharkārāderdhātorasaṃbhavena vyāvarttyā'lābhāt. dhātau
kim ?, uparkāraḥ. nanvatra `upetyupasarga eva na bhavati, kriyāyoga evopasargatvāt.
upagata ṛkāra iti vigṛhra kriyāyogatvasaṃpādane'pi `yatkriyāyuktāḥ prādayastaṃ
pratyeva gatyupasargasaṃjñaḥ' iti ṛkāraṃ prati anupasarga eva. tathā cā'kṛte'pi
dhātugrahaṇe ṛkārādidhātāveva vṛddhirbhaviṣtyanupasargeṇa dhātorākṣepāt, natvatreti
cetsatyam; ataeva `yogavibhāgena punarvidhānārtha'mityanupadaṃ vakṣyatīti na
kāpyanupapattiḥ.
Tattvabodhinī2 : at i. ṛ ti k
upasargādṛti dhātau 62, 6.1.88 upasargādṛti. upasargātkim?, khaṭvacrchati. ṛti kim?, upetaḥ. taparakaraṇamuttarārtham. iha dīrgharkārāderdhātorasaṃbhavena vyāvarttyā'lābhāt. dhātau kim?, uparkāraḥ. nanvatra "upetyupasarga eva na bhavati, kriyāyoga evopasargatvāt. upagata ṛkāra iti vigṛhra kriyāyogatvasaṃpādane'pi "yatkriyāyuktāḥ prādayastaṃ pratyeva gatyupasargasaṃjñaḥ" iti ṛkāraṃ prati anupasarga eva. tathā cā'kṛte'pi dhātugrahaṇe ṛkārādidhātāveva vṛddhirbhaviṣtyanupasargeṇa dhātorākṣepāt, natvatreti cetsatyam; ataeva "yogavibhāgena punarvidhānārtha"mityanupadaṃ vakṣyatīti na kāpyanupapattiḥ.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
Examples2 :
upa + ṛcchati = upārcchati। pra + ṛcchati = prārcchati। upa + ṛdhnoti = upārdhnoti॥
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