Grammatical Sūtra: नौवयोधर्मविषमूलमूलसीतातुलाभ्यस्तार्यतुल्यप्राप्यवध्यानाम्यसमसमितसम्मितेषु nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyastāryatulyaprāpyavadhyānāmyasamasamitasammiteṣu Individual Word Components: nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyaḥ tāryatulyaprāpyavadhyānāmyasamasamitasammiteṣuSūtra with anuvṛtti words: nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyaḥ tāryatulyaprāpyavadhyānāmyasamasamitasammiteṣu pratyayaḥ (3.1.1 ), paraḥ (3.1.2 ), ca (3.1.2 ), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3 ), ca (3.1.3 ), ṅyāpprātipadikāt (4.1.1 ), taddhitāḥ (4.1.76 ), samarthānām (4.1.82 ), prathamāt (4.1.82 ), vā (4.1.82 ), strīpuṁsābhyām (4.1.87 ), nañsnañau (4.1.87 ), bhavanāt (4.1.87 ), yat (4.4.75 ) Type of Rule: vidhiPreceding adhikāra rule: 4.4.75 (1prāgghitād yat)
Description:
Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)
The affix ((yat)) comes after the words ((nau)) 'a boat', ((vaya)) 'age', ((dharma)) 'merit', ((viṣa)) 'poison', ((mūla)) 'a root', ((mūlam)) 'capital', ((sītā)) 'a furrow ', and ((tulā)) 'a balance', in the senses respectively, of "to be crossed", "like", "attainable", "to be put to death", "to be bent down", "equivalent to", "united with" and "equally measured". Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[The taddhitá 1.76 affix 3.1.1 yàT 75 is introduced after 3.1.2 the nominal stems 1.1] naú `boat', váyas- `age', dhárma- `law,' víṣa- `poison', mūla-¹ `root', mūla-² `capital, value', sītā `furrow made by a plough', and tulā `balance' [ending in 1.1.72 ] the third sUP triplet to denote [respectively 1.3.10] `to be crossed' (tār-yà-), `equal to' (túl-ya-), `to be attained' (prāp-ya-), `to be killed' (vádh-ya-), `to be bent down' (ā-nām-yà-), `equivalent to' (samá-), `measured out' (sá-mita-), and `equal to' (sám-mita-). Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : aṃ y at
p ra
nāvādhibhyo 'ṣṭabhyaḥ śabdebhyo 'ṣṭasveva tāryādiṣvartheṣu yathāsaṅkhyaṃ yat
pratyayo bhavati. pratyayārthadvāreṇa tṛtīyā samarthavibhaktir labhyate. nāvā tāryam
navyam udakam. navyā nadī. śakyārthe kṛtyaḥ. vayasā tulyaḥ vayasyaḥ sakhā. saṃjñādhikāro
'bhidheyaniyamārthaḥ. tena vayasā tulye śatrau na bhavati. dharmeṇa prāpyaṃ dharmyam. nanu ca
dharmādanapete iti vakṣyamāṇena eva siddham? na etadasti. dharmaṃ yadanuvartate tad
dharmādanapetam ityucyate. phalaṃ tu dharmādapetyeva, kāryavirodhitvād dharmasya. viṣeṇa
vadhyaḥ viṣyaḥ. viṣeṇa vadham arhati ityarthaḥ. mūlena ānāmyam mūlyam. ānāmyam
abhibhavanīyam. paṭādīnām utpattikāraṇaṃ mūlaṃ tena tadabhibhūyate śeṣīkriyate. mūlaṃ hi
saguṇaṃ mulyaṃ karoti. poradupadhāt 3-1-98 iti yati prāpte ānāmyam iti
nipātanāt ṇyat. mūlena samaḥ mūlyaḥ paṭaḥ. upadānena samānaphalaḥ ityarthaḥ. sītayā samitaṃ
sītyam kṣetram. samitaṃ saṅgatam ityarthaḥ. rathasītāhalebhyo yad vidhau iti
tadantavidhirapi iṣyate. paramasītyam. uttarasītyam. dvisītyam. trisītyam. tulyā
saṃmitaṃ tulyam. saṃmitaṃ samānaṃ, sadṛśam ityarthaḥ. yathā tulā paricchinatti param evaṃ
tadapi iti.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : as am it as aṃ
nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyas tāryatulyaprāpyavadhyā'nāmyasamasamitasaṃmiteṣu 4.4.91 nāvādhibhyo 'ṣṭabhyaḥ śabdebhyo 'ṣṭasveva tāryādiṣvartheṣu yathāsaṅkhyaṃ yat pratyayo bhavati. pratyayārthadvāreṇa tṛtīyā samarthavibhaktir labhyate. nāvā tāryam navyam udakam. navyā nadī. śakyārthe kṛtyaḥ. vayasā tulyaḥ vayasyaḥ sakhā. saṃjñādhikāro 'bhidheyaniyamārthaḥ. tena vayasā tulye śatrau na bhavati. dharmeṇa prāpyaṃ dharmyam. nanu ca dharmādanapete iti vakṣyamāṇena eva siddham? na etadasti. dharmaṃ yadanuvartate tad dharmādanapetam ityucyate. phalaṃ tu dharmādapetyeva, kāryavirodhitvād dharmasya. viṣeṇa vadhyaḥ viṣyaḥ. viṣeṇa vadham arhati ityarthaḥ. mūlena ānāmyam mūlyam. ānāmyam abhibhavanīyam. paṭādīnām utpattikāraṇaṃ mūlaṃ tena tadabhibhūyate śeṣīkriyate. mūlaṃ hi saguṇaṃ mulyaṃ karoti. poradupadhāt 3.1.98 iti yati prāpte ānāmyam iti nipātanāt ṇyat. mūlena samaḥ mūlyaḥ paṭaḥ. upadānena samānaphalaḥ ityarthaḥ. sītayā samitaṃ sītyam kṣetram. samitaṃ saṅgatam ityarthaḥ. rathasītāhalebhyo yad vidhau iti tadantavidhirapi iṣyate. paramasītyam. uttarasītyam. dvisītyam. trisītyam. tulyā saṃmitaṃ tulyam. saṃmitaṃ samānaṃ, sadṛśam ityarthaḥ. yathā tulā paricchinatti param evaṃ tadapi iti.
Nyāsa2 : sa mi ta sa mm
nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyastāryatulyaprāpyavaddhyānāmyasamasamitasammiteṣu. , 4.4.91 kathaṃ punarihāpi samarthavibhaktirlabhyate? yāvatā nehopāttā, nāpyanuvatrtata ityāha--"pratyayārthadvāreṇa" ityādi. dvāram = upāyaḥ, kārakamityarthaḥ. iha tāryādayaḥ pratyayārthāḥ. tatsambandhe katrtari karaṇe hetau tulyārthayoge ca yathāsambhavaṃ tṛtīyaiva bhavati. tataḥ samarthavibhaktirlabhyate. "nāvyam" iti. "vānto yi pratyaye" 6.1.76 ityavādeśaḥ. atra nāvastaraṇakriyāyāṃ karttṛtvaṃ karaṇatvañca vivakṣāvaśādbhavatīti karaṇe katrtari vā tṛtīyā. evamanyatrāpi yathāyogaṃ veditavyam.
"dharmeṇa prāpyaṃ dhamryam" iti. tatpunardharmasya phalaṃ svargādyucyate. "nanu ca" ityādi. nanu ca dharmeṇa yatprāpyaṃ taddharmādanapetaṃ bhavatīti bhāvaḥ.
"vidhyaḥ" iti. viṣeṇa vadhamarhatītyarthaḥ. vadhyaśabdasya "daṇḍādibhyo yaḥ" 5.1.65 ityarhārthe vyutpāditatvāt.
"ānāmyamabhibhavanīyam" iti. anekārthatvāddhātūnāmatra namirabhibhave vatrtate. "paṭādīnāmutpattikāraṇaṃ mūlam" iti. dattena hiraṇyena paṭādīnāmutpattirbhavati. "tena" iti. mūlena. "tat" iti. mūlyam". "śeṣīkriyate" iti. anenābhibhūyata ityasyārthamācaṣṭe. śeṣīkriyate = guṇabhāvamāpādyate, apradhānīkriyata ityarthaḥ. apradhānīkaraṇeva abhibhavaḥ. kathaṃ punastena taccheṣīkriyate? ityāha-- "mūlyaṃ hi" ityādi. hiśabdo hetau. mūlyamiha karttṛ, mūlaṃ karma. tatpraṇayena hiraṇyena paṭādayo vikrīyante. tatra yanmūlātiriktaṃ hiraṇyaṃ lābhaḥ, tanmūlyaṃ guṇo bhāvaḥ. saha tena vatrtata iti saguṇaḥ. guṇaḥ punariha tadeva mūlyaṃ veditavyam. tadetaduktaṃ bhavati-- yasmānmūlyabhāgenaiva bhāgabhūtena sabhāgaṃ mūlaṃ karoti na nyūnaṃ tanmūlyamabhidhīyata iti. mūlye sati tat tatra dviguṇaṃ karotītyucyate. kā punariyaṃ yuktaḥ, yadi nāma saguṇaṃ mūlaṃ karotītyucyate tat kathaṃ mūlyamabhibhūyate? yateyaṃ yuktistadākhyāyate-- iha hi śāstre yatsiddhamupakāri tadaṅgamapradhānam, yaccopakārasādhyamanupakārakaṃ tadaṅgi pradhānamityeṣā vyavasthā. tathā coktam---
śāste dvyameveha syādaṅgamatha vā bhavedaṅgi tatra.
upakāri siddamaṅgaṃ sādhyānupakārakamaṅgīti॥ iti॥
evañca mūlyena mūlaṃ saguṇaṃ kriyāmāṇamupakāryatvāt pradhānaṃ sampadyate, mūlyaṃ tvanupakāryatvādapradhānaṃ sampadyate. tanmūlena mūlyamabhibhūyate, tadapekṣayā tasyāḥ pradhānabhāvāpatteḥ.
"tulayā sammitaṃ tulyam" iti. atra tulyārthayoge tṛtīyā. yadyapi tulyārthayoge ṣaṣṭha()pi vidhīyate,tathāpi nauprabhṛtibhyastṛtīyāsamarthebhyaḥ pratyayavidhānāt tulāśabdādapi tṛtīyāsamarthādeva pratyayo vijñāyate. "yathā" ityādinā tulayā sādṛśyaṃ darśayati. nanu ca "tulyāsyaprayatnam" 1.1.9 iti nipātanādeva tulyaśabdasya sādhutvaṃ bhaviṣyati, sa ca sadṛśa eva loke prasiddha iti nārthastulāśabdāt sammite pratyayavidhānena? svarārthaṃ tu pratyayavidhānāt. "yato'nāvaḥ" 6.1.207 ityādyudāttatvaṃ yathā syāt. na hi nipātane satyādyudāttatvaṃ tulyaśabdasya śakyate vijñātum॥
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī1 : rm ya m.
v iṣ Sū #1137
nāvā tāryaṃ nāvyaṃ jalam. vayasā tulyo vayasyaḥ. dharmeṇa prāpyaṃ dharmyam.
viṣeṇa vadhyo viṣyaḥ. mūlena ānāmyaṃ mūlyam. mūlena samo mūlyaḥ. sītayā samitaṃ sītyaṃ
kṣetram. tulayā saṃmitam tulyam..
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī2 : am it as aṃ mi
nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyastāryatulyaprāpyavadhyānāmyasamasamitasaṃmiteṣu 1137, 4.4.91 nāvā tāryaṃ nāvyaṃ jalam. vayasā tulyo vayasyaḥ. dharmeṇa prāpyaṃ dharmyam. viṣeṇa vadhyo viṣyaḥ. mūlena ānāmyaṃ mūlyam. mūlena samo mūlyaḥ. sītayā samitaṃ sītyaṃ kṣetram. tulayā saṃmitam tulyam॥
Bālamanoramā1 : hy aḥ
k rā mā Sū #1623
nauvayodharma. `nau, vayas, dharma, viṣa, mūla, sītā, tulā ebhyo'ṣyabhyaḥ
krāmāttārye, tulye, prāpye, vadhye, ānāmye, same, samite, saṃmite cārthe
yatsyādityarthaḥ. `tṛtīyāntebhya' ityarthādgamyate. tāryādiyoge karaṇe kartari
hetau tulyādiyoge ca tasyā eva saṃbhavāt. atra mūlaśabdayoryathāsaṅkhyāpravṛttaye
naikaśeṣaḥ. anyathā saptānāṃ prakṛtīnām ekaikasyā aṣṭasvapyartheṣu pratyaya iti
bhramaḥ syāt. tāryamiti. tarītuṃ śakyamityarthaḥ. `ṛhaloṇryat'. vayasā tulya iti.
mitre evāyaṃ pratyayo, natu śatrau, saṃjñārdhikārāt. mūlenānāmyamiti.
paṭāderutpattyarthaṃ vaṇigbhirviniyuktaṃ dravyaṃ mūlam. tena saha yadadhikaṃ dravyam
ānamyate=vikretuḥ saṃmatīkaraṇena labhyate tanmūlyamityarthaḥ. lokāstu vikreturlabdhaṃ
sarvaṃ dravyaṃ mūlyamiti vyavahanti. tatra lakṣaṇā bodhyā. sā ca sāṃpratikī, nirūḍhā
vā. sītayeti. sītā lāṅgalapaddhatiḥ. tayā samitaṃ=saṅgatamityarthaḥ. kṛṣṭamiti yāvat.
tulā=dhaṭā, tayā unmitamityarthaḥ.
Bālamanoramā2 : ma sa mi ta sa
nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyāstāryatulyaprāptabadhyā''nāmyasamasamitasaṃmiteṣu 1623, 4.4.91 nauvayodharma. "nau, vayas, dharma, viṣa, mūla, sītā, tulā ebhyo'ṣyabhyaḥ krāmāttārye, tulye, prāpye, vadhye, ānāmye, same, samite, saṃmite cārthe yatsyādityarthaḥ. "tṛtīyāntebhya" ityarthādgamyate. tāryādiyoge karaṇe kartari hetau tulyādiyoge ca tasyā eva saṃbhavāt. atra mūlaśabdayoryathāsaṅkhyāpravṛttaye naikaśeṣaḥ. anyathā saptānāṃ prakṛtīnām ekaikasyā aṣṭasvapyartheṣu pratyaya iti bhramaḥ syāt. tāryamiti. tarītuṃ śakyamityarthaḥ. "ṛhaloṇryat". vayasā tulya iti. mitre evāyaṃ pratyayo, natu śatrau, saṃjñārdhikārāt. mūlenānāmyamiti. paṭāderutpattyarthaṃ vaṇigbhirviniyuktaṃ dravyaṃ mūlam. tena saha yadadhikaṃ dravyam ānamyate=vikretuḥ saṃmatīkaraṇena labhyate tanmūlyamityarthaḥ. lokāstu vikreturlabdhaṃ sarvaṃ dravyaṃ mūlyamiti vyavahanti. tatra lakṣaṇā bodhyā. sā ca sāṃpratikī, nirūḍhā vā. sītayeti. sītā lāṅgalapaddhatiḥ. tayā samitaṃ=saṅgatamityarthaḥ. kṛṣṭamiti yāvat. tulā=dhaṭā, tayā unmitamityarthaḥ.
Tattvabodhinī1 : te . ih a
tā Sū #1250
nauvayodharma. nāvādibhyo yathāsaṅkhyaṃ tāryādiṣvaṣṭasvartheṣu yatsyāte. iha
tāryādiyoge yathāsambhavaṃ karaṇe kartari hetau tulyārthayoge ca tṛtīyā bhavatīti saiveha
samarthavibhaktirarthāllabhyate. atra prathamaṃ mūlāntānāṃ pañcānāṃ dvandvaṃ kṛtvā
dvitīyamūlādidvandvena saha samāhāradvandvaḥ. mūlāntānāṃ dvitrāṇāṃ vā
mūlādīnāmeva vā dvandvaṃ kṛtvā nāvādiṣu dvandvaḥ. tena sārupyā'bhāvādekaśeṣo na
bhavati. nāvā tāryamiti. śakyārthe `ṛhaloṇryat'. karaṇe tṛtīyā. vayasya iti.
`riuāgdho vayasyaḥ savayāḥ'ityamaraḥ. `vayasā tulyaḥ śatru'rityatra tu na bhavati.
saṃjñādhikārāt. viṣeṇa vadhya iti. viṣeṇa vadhamarhatītyarthaḥ. `daṇḍādibhyaḥ'iti sūtreṇa
vadhaśabdādarhārthe yadvidhānāt. mūlenāmyamiti. mūlaṃ nāma paṭādīnāmutpattyarthaṃ
vaṇigbhirviniyuktaṃ dravyam. tena svasmādatiriktaṃ lābhākyaṃ yaddravyamātmānaṃ
prati śeṣīkriyate=ātmana upakārakaṃ kriyate , tat —ānāmyam. āṅpūrvako namirabhibhave
vartate, tasmāt `poradupadhā'diti yati prāpte ataeva nipātanāṇṇyat. tathā
cānāmyamabhibhavanīyam=ātmānaṃ prati śeṣīkartavyam. sa ca lābākhyo bhāga eva.loke tu
yāvatā dravyeṇa paṭādikaṃ vikrīyate tatraiva samudāye mūlyaśabdaḥ prasiddho, na tu
mūlātiriktabhāgamātre. evaṃ ca lābhamātre vyutpāditasya mūlyaśabdasyaca taddhaṭite
saṅghāte nirūḍhalakṣaṇā bodhyā. sīteti. sītā=halāgraṃ. sampūrvādiṇaḥ ktaḥ.
samitaṃ=saṅgataṃ, nimnonnatā dirahitaṃ kṛtamityarthaḥ. samīkṛtamiti yāvat.
`rathasītāhalebhyo yadvidhau' iti tadantavidhiḥ. paramasītyam. dvābhyāṃ sītābhyāṃ
samitamiti taddhitārthe samāsastato yat. dvisītyam. tulayā saṃmitamiti.
saṃmitaṃ=paricchinnam. rūḍhiśabdo'yaṃ `saṃjñāyā'mityadhikārāt. ataeva `tulya'miti
sadṛśamātre prayujyate, na tu tulāyāmāgadrahaḥ kriyate.
Tattvabodhinī2 : ma sa mi ta sa
nauvayodharmaviṣamūlamūlasītātulābhyastāryatulyaprāpyabadhyā''nāmyasamasamitasaṃmiteṣu 1250, 4.4.91 nauvayodharma. nāvādibhyo yathāsaṅkhyaṃ tāryādiṣvaṣṭasvartheṣu yatsyāte. iha tāryādiyoge yathāsambhavaṃ karaṇe kartari hetau tulyārthayoge ca tṛtīyā bhavatīti saiveha samarthavibhaktirarthāllabhyate. atra prathamaṃ mūlāntānāṃ pañcānāṃ dvandvaṃ kṛtvā dvitīyamūlādidvandvena saha samāhāradvandvaḥ. mūlāntānāṃ dvitrāṇāṃ vā mūlādīnāmeva vā dvandvaṃ kṛtvā nāvādiṣu dvandvaḥ. tena sārupyā'bhāvādekaśeṣo na bhavati. nāvā tāryamiti. śakyārthe "ṛhaloṇryat". karaṇe tṛtīyā. vayasya iti. "riuāgdho vayasyaḥ savayāḥ"ityamaraḥ. "vayasā tulyaḥ śatru"rityatra tu na bhavati. saṃjñādhikārāt. viṣeṇa vadhya iti. viṣeṇa vadhamarhatītyarthaḥ. "daṇḍādibhyaḥ"iti sūtreṇa vadhaśabdādarhārthe yadvidhānāt. mūlenāmyamiti. mūlaṃ nāma paṭādīnāmutpattyarthaṃ vaṇigbhirviniyuktaṃ dravyam. tena svasmādatiriktaṃ lābhākyaṃ yaddravyamātmānaṃ prati śeṣīkriyate=ātmana upakārakaṃ kriyate , tat ---ānāmyam. āṅpūrvako namirabhibhave vartate, tasmāt "poradupadhā"diti yati prāpte ataeva nipātanāṇṇyat. tathā cānāmyamabhibhavanīyamātmānaṃ prati śeṣīkartavyam. sa ca lābākhyo bhāga eva.loke tu yāvatā dravyeṇa paṭādikaṃ vikrīyate tatraiva samudāye mūlyaśabdaḥ prasiddho, na tu mūlātiriktabhāgamātre. evaṃ ca lābhamātre vyutpāditasya mūlyaśabdasyaca taddhaṭite saṅghāte nirūḍhalakṣaṇā bodhyā. sīteti. sītā=halāgraṃ. sampūrvādiṇaḥ ktaḥ. samitaṃ=saṅgataṃ, nimnonnatā dirahitaṃ kṛtamityarthaḥ. samīkṛtamiti yāvat. "rathasītāhalebhyo yadvidhau" iti tadantavidhiḥ. paramasītyam. dvābhyāṃ sītābhyāṃ samitamiti taddhitārthe samāsastato yat. dvisītyam. tulayā saṃmitamiti. saṃmitaṃ=paricchinnam. rūḍhiśabdo'yaṃ "saṃjñāyā"mityadhikārāt. ataeva "tulya"miti sadṛśamātre prayujyate, na tu tulāyāmāgadrahaḥ kriyate.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
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