Grammatical Sūtra: जनपदिनां जनपदवत् सर्वं जनपदेन समानशब्दानां बहुवचने janapadināṃ janapadavat sarvaṃ janapadena samānaśabdānāṃ bahuvacane Individual Word Components: janapadinām janapadavat sarvam janapadena samānaśabdānām bahuvacaneSūtra with anuvṛtti words: janapadinām janapadavat sarvam janapadena samānaśabdānām bahuvacane pratyayaḥ (3.1.1 ), paraḥ (3.1.2 ), ca (3.1.2 ), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3 ), ca (3.1.3 ), ṅyāpprātipadikāt (4.1.1 ), taddhitāḥ (4.1.76 ), samarthānām (4.1.82 ), prathamāt (4.1.82 ), vā (4.1.82 ), aṇ (4.1.83 ), strīpuṁsābhyām (4.1.87 ), nañsnañau (4.1.87 ), bhavanāt (4.1.87 ), saḥ (4.3.89 ), asya (4.3.89 ), bhaktiḥ (4.3.95 ) Type of Rule: atideśaPreceding adhikāra rule: 4.2.92 (1śeṣe)
Description:
Of words denoting Princes (lit. who are lords of janapada) the base and affix meaning 'this is his object of veneration' are the same, in every respect, like those of a word denoting kingdom, provided that, the Prince-denoting words have, in the plural, the same form, as the kingdom-denoting words. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[The taddhitá 1.76 affixes 3.1.1 introduced from 1.83 onwards occur after 3.1.2 nominal stems 1.1] designating rulers of populated localities (jana-padín-ām) which are identical with the names of localities (jana-pad-éna samāná-śabdā-nām) in the plural (bahu-vacan-é) are the same as those introduced after the name denoting the locality (jana-pada-vát) [ending in 1.1.72 the first sUP triplet 89 to denote the object of devotion 95]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini Anuvṛtti: 4.3.89 , 4.3.95
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : va ṃ bh av at
janapadino ye bahuvacane janapadena samānaśabdās teṣāṃ janapadavat sarvaṃ bhavati, pratyayaḥ
prakṛtiśca so 'sya bhaktiḥ ityetasmin viṣaye. janapadatadavadhyośca ityatra prakaraṇe ye
pratyayā vihitāḥ, te janapadibhyo 'sminnarthe 'tidiśyante. janapadino janapadasvāminaḥ
kṣatriyāḥ. aṅgā janapado bhaktirasya āṅgakaḥ. vāṅgakaḥ. sauhmakaḥ. pauṇḍrakaḥ.
tadvataṅgāḥ kṣatriyā bhaktirasya āṅgakaḥ. vāṅgakaḥ. sauhmakaḥ. pauṇḍrakaḥ. janapadinām
iti kim? pañcālāḥ brāhmaṇā bhaktirasya pājcālaḥ. sarvagrahaṇaṃ prakṛtyatideśārthaṃ,
sa ca dvyekayoḥ prayojayati, vṛddhinimitteṣu ca vuñādiṣu viśeṣo na asti iti.
madravṛjyoḥ kani viśeṣaḥ. madrasyāpatyaṃ, dvyañmagadhakaliṅgasūramasādaṇ 4-1-170,
mādraḥ. vṛjiśabdādapi, vṛddhaitkosalājādāñ ñyaṅ 4-1-171, vārjyaḥ. sa
bhaktirasya iti prakṛtinirhrāse kṛte, madrakaḥ. vṛjikaḥ. janapadena samānaśabdānām iti
kim? anuṣṇḍo janapadaḥ pauravo rājā, sa bhaktirasya, pauravīyaḥ. bahuvacanagrahaṇaṃ
samānaśabdatāviṣayalakṣaṇārtham. anyathā hi yatra eva samānaśabdatā tatra eva atideśaḥ syāt,
ekavacanadvivacanayor na syāt, vāṅgo vaṅgau vā bhaktirasya iti. bahuvacane tu, bahuvacane
samānaśabdānām ekavacanadvivacanayoḥ satyapi śabdabhede 'tideśo bhavati. vāṅgaḥ vāṅgau vā
bhaktirasya vāṅgaka.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : .3 .1 00 j an
janapadināṃ janapadavat sarvaṃ janapadena samānaśabdānāṃ bahuvacane 4.3.100 janapadino ye bahuvacane janapadena samānaśabdās teṣāṃ janapadavat sarvaṃ bhavati, pratyayaḥ prakṛtiśca so 'sya bhaktiḥ ityetasmin viṣaye. janapadatadavadhyośca ityatra prakaraṇe ye pratyayā vihitāḥ, te janapadibhyo 'sminnarthe 'tidiśyante. janapadino janapadasvāminaḥ kṣatriyāḥ. aṅgā janapado bhaktirasya āṅgakaḥ. vāṅgakaḥ. sauhmakaḥ. pauṇḍrakaḥ. tadvataṅgāḥ kṣatriyā bhaktirasya āṅgakaḥ. vāṅgakaḥ. sauhmakaḥ. pauṇḍrakaḥ. janapadinām iti kim? pañcālāḥ brāhmaṇā bhaktirasya pājcālaḥ. sarvagrahaṇaṃ prakṛtyatideśārthaṃ, sa ca dvyekayoḥ prayojayati, vṛddhinimitteṣu ca vuñādiṣu viśeṣo na asti iti. madravṛjyoḥ kani viśeṣaḥ. madrasyāpatyaṃ, dvyañmagadhakaliṅgasūramasādaṇ 4.1.168, mādraḥ. vṛjiśabdādapi, vṛddhaitkosalājādāñ ñyaṅ 4.1.169, vārjyaḥ. sa bhaktirasya iti prakṛtinirhrāse kṛte, madrakaḥ. vṛjikaḥ. janapadena samānaśabdānām iti kim? anuṣṇḍo janapadaḥ pauravo rājā, sa bhaktirasya, pauravīyaḥ. bahuvacanagrahaṇaṃ samānaśabdatāviṣayalakṣaṇārtham. anyathā hi yatra eva samānaśabdatā tatra eva atideśaḥ syāt, ekavacanadvivacanayor na syāt, vāṅgo vaṅgau vā bhaktirasya iti. bahuvacane tu, bahuvacane samānaśabdānām ekavacanadvivacanayoḥ satyapi śabdabhede 'tideśo bhavati. vāṅgaḥ vāṅgau vā bhaktirasya vāṅgaka.
Nyāsa2 : 4. 3. 10 0 &q
janapadināṃ janaṣadavatsarvaṃ janapadena samānaśabdānāṃ bahuvacane. , 4.3.100 "{nāsti--kāśikā}ekaśabdāḥ" iti. etena samānaśabdo'yamekavācīti darśayati. "pratyayaḥ prakṛtiśca" iti. sarvaśabdena yo'rtha upāttastamācaṣṭe. "tadvat aṅgā kṣattriyā bhaktirasya" iti. aṅgādibhyaḥ kṣattriyebhyo bahuṣvapatyeṣu "dvyañmagadha" 4.1.168 ityādinā vihitasyāṇaḥ "tadrājasya" 2.4.62 ityādinā luk kriyate. bahuvacane'ṅgadayo janapadino janapadena samānaśabdā bhavanti. atra janapadavṛttibhyo'ṅgādibhyo yathā "so'sya bhaktiḥ" 4.3.95 ityetasmin viṣaye "janapadatadavadhyośca" 4.2.123 iti vuñ bhavati, tathā janapadavṛttibhyo'pi --"pañcālā brāāhṛṇāḥ"iti. yadā pañcālanivāsiṣu sāhacaryāt pañcālādiśabdo vatrtate, tadā bhavanti brāāhṛṇā janapadena bahuvacane samānaśabdāḥ, na tu te janapadinaḥ. tenātideśābhāvādaṇeva bhavati-- "pāñcālaḥ".
"sarvagrahaṇam" ityādi. yadi sarvagrahaṇaṃ na kriyate, tadā pratyayasya vidhīyamānatayā prādhānyāt pradhāne kāryasampratyayāt tasyaivātideśaḥ syāt, na prakṛteḥ. tasmādyathā prakṛterapyatideśo bhavati tadarthaṃ sarvagrahaṇaṃ kriyate. "sa ca" ityādi. sa ca prakṛtyatideśaḥ sarvagarhaṇaṃ dvyekayoreva prayojayati, na bahuṣu. janapadaśabdo nātra vṛddhaḥ, tasmādavṛddho janapadaśabdo dṛśyate. bahuvacane tu "tadrājasya bahuṣu tenaivāstriyām" 2.4.62 iti luki kṛte vināpyatideśenāvṛddhaḥ, ata eva bhavatīti tatra prakṛtyatideśo'narthakaḥ. tato netadarthaṃ sarvagrahaṇaṃ kartavyam. "vṛddhinimitteṣu" ityādi. vṛddhinimitteṣu vuñādiṣvādiṣṭāyāmavṛddhāyāṃ prakṛtau punarvṛddhibhāvāt. "prakṛtinihryāsekṛte" iti sarvagrahaṇātprakṛtyadeśena nirhāsaḥ. nihryāso'lpatayā'pakṣaya ityarthaḥ. "mādraḥ" iti. etāñca prakṛtimapekṣya madra ityeṣā prakṛtiralpā bhavati. "vārjyaḥra" ityetāñca vṛjiriti. nanu vateḥ sarvasādṛśasyārthatvanādvatinirdeśenaiva prakṛteratideśo bhaviṣyatīti, ta()tka sarvagrahaṇena? naitadasti; yataiva tatra sarvasādṛśyārthe vatau na pratyārtho devatārthe'tidiśyate, tathehāpi janapadarūpaṃ janapadini nātidiśyate. kasmāt punastatra pratyayārtho nātidiśyate? vatinā tayorbhedasya pratipāditatvāt. vatirhi sādṛśye ridhīyate, sādṛsyaṃ ca bhedāśrayam; yadi bhavārthasyāpi devatārthatayā vipariṇāmaḥ syāt, tadā vatireva na syāt. tasmādanyasya kāryasya sādṛsyaṃ vatirācaṣṭe, pratyayārthayostu bhedam, ihāpi ca janapadajanapadinorbhedamācaṣṭa iti. asati sarvagrahaṇe janapadarūpaṃ janapadarūpaṃ janapadini na labhyate. tasmāt sarvagrahaṇaṃ kriyate.
"bahulagrahaṇam" ityādi. samānaśabdatāyā viṣayapradarśanaṃ lakṣaṇam. tadarthaṃ bahuvacanagrahaṇam. "anyathā hi" ityādi. bahuvacanagrahaṇaṃ na kriyetetyarthaḥ. "tatraiva" iti. bahuvacane. bahuvacana eva tadrājapratyayasya luki kṛte samānaśabdatā bhavati, yataśca tatraivātideśaḥ syāt. "ekavacanadvivacanayorna syāt" iti. tatra samānaśabdatayā abhāvāt. "bahuvacane tu" itādi. bahuvacanagrahaṇe tu sati bahuvacane ye janapadena samānaśabdāsteṣāṃ yatra vā tatra vātideśe vijñāyamāne dvyekayorapyasau siddho bhavati॥
Bālamanoramā1 : de na s am ān Sū #1459
janapadināṃ. bahuvacane pare ye janapade samānaśabdāḥ=janapadavāciśabdena samānaḥ
śabdaḥ=śravaṇaṃ yeṣāṃ tathāvidhāḥ, teṣāṃ janapadināṃ=janapadasvāmivācināṃ janapadavat=janapade iva
sarvaṃ syādityarthaḥ. `janapadatadavadhyośce'ti prakaraṇe ye pratyayā vihitāste bhavanti,
prakṛtayo'pi tathaiva bhavantīti tu `sarva' śabdāllabhyate. tadāha–
janapadasvāmivācināmityādinā. aṅgā janapada iti. dṛṣṭāntārthamidam. aṅganāmnāṃ
rājñāṃ nivāso janapadaḥ-aṅgāḥ. `janapade lup' iti cāturarthikasya lup. sa janapado
bhaktirasyetyarthe `janapadatadavadhyośce'ti vuñpratyaye `āṅgakaḥ' iti yathā tathā
aṅgadeśasvāminaḥ kṣatriyā aṅgā bhaktirasyetyarthe kṣatriyavācakādaṅgaśabdādvuñi
`āṅgakā' iti rūpamityarthaḥ. pañcālā brāāhṛṇā iti. abhedopacārādiha brāāhṛṇeṣu
pañcālaśabdaḥ. tatrātideśā.ñabhāvādaṇeva bhavati. paurava iti. pauravaśabdo na janapadavṛttiriti
bhāvaḥ. bahuvacane kim ?. ekavacanadvivacanayoḥ satyapi śabdabhede'tideśo bhavataci. yathā āṅgo
vā āṅgau vā bhaktirasya āṅgaka iti. prakṛtiśceti kim ?. madrāṇāṃ rājā mādraḥ.
`dyvañmagadhe'tyaṇ. mādro bhaktirasyetyarthe atideśānmādrasya madratve sati
`madravṛjyo'riti kani `mādraka' iti sidhyati.
Bālamanoramā2 : , 4. 3. 10 0
janapadinā janapadavatsarvaṃ janapadena samānaśabdānāṃ bahuvacane 1459, 4.3.100 janapadināṃ. bahuvacane pare ye janapade samānaśabdāḥ=janapadavāciśabdena samānaḥ śabdaḥ=śravaṇaṃ yeṣāṃ tathāvidhāḥ, teṣāṃ janapadināṃ=janapadasvāmivācināṃ janapadavat=janapade iva sarvaṃ syādityarthaḥ. "janapadatadavadhyośce"ti prakaraṇe ye pratyayā vihitāste bhavanti, prakṛtayo'pi tathaiva bhavantīti tu "sarva" śabdāllabhyate. tadāha--janapadasvāmivācināmityādinā. aṅgā janapada iti. dṛṣṭāntārthamidam. aṅganāmnāṃ rājñāṃ nivāso janapadaḥ-aṅgāḥ. "janapade lup" iti cāturarthikasya lup. sa janapado bhaktirasyetyarthe "janapadatadavadhyośce"ti vuñpratyaye "āṅgakaḥ" iti yathā tathā aṅgadeśasvāminaḥ kṣatriyā aṅgā bhaktirasyetyarthe kṣatriyavācakādaṅgaśabdādvuñi "āṅgakā" iti rūpamityarthaḥ. pañcālā brāāhṛṇā iti. abhedopacārādiha brāāhṛṇeṣu pañcālaśabdaḥ. tatrātideśā.ñabhāvādaṇeva bhavati. paurava iti. pauravaśabdo na janapadavṛttiriti bhāvaḥ. bahuvacane kim?. ekavacanadvivacanayoḥ satyapi śabdabhede'tideśo bhavataci. yathā āṅgo vā āṅgau vā bhaktirasya āṅgaka iti. prakṛtiśceti kim?. madrāṇāṃ rājā mādraḥ. "dyvañmagadhe"tyaṇ. mādro bhaktirasyetyarthe atideśānmādrasya madratve sati "madravṛjyo"riti kani "mādraka" iti sidhyati.
Tattvabodhinī1 : am iv āc in ām Sū #1141
janapadināṃ. svasvāmibhāvasaṃbandhe matvarthayaṃ darśayita—janapadasvamivācināmiti.
pratyayaḥ prakṛtiśceti. anena sarvaśabdasyārtho darśitaḥ. asati sarvagrahaṇe
prādhānyātpratyayasyaivātideśaḥ syānna, tu prakṛteriti haradattaḥṣa. atra
vārtikakāraḥ sarvaśabdasya prayojanamāha—`sarvavacanaṃ prakṛtinihryāsārthaṃ, tacca
madravṛjyartha'miti. ayaṃ bhāvaḥ—vṛddhinimitteṣu vuñādiṣvatidiṣṭe'pi prakṛtirūpe
punarvṛddyā bhāvyamiti viśeṣasya tatra durlabhatvānmadravṛjyoḥ kani viśeṣo
bodhyaḥ. so'pyabahutve eveti. nihryāso'pacayo'lpatā. tathā hi madrāṇāṃ rājā.
`vdyañmagadhe'tyaṇ. mādraḥ. vajiśabdātac `vṛddetkośale'ti ñyaṅ. vārjyaḥ. sa
bhaktirasyeti prakṛtinihryāse–madrakaḥ. vṛjikaḥ. `madravṛjyoḥ kan. anyathā
mādrakaḥ vājryaka iti syāt. āṅgaka iti. `janapadatadavadhyośca' `avṛddhādapī'ti vuñ.
aṅgaśabdātsvāmivācino bahuvacanāntādaṇi prāpte vuñatidiśyate. pañcālā brāāhṛṇā
iti. abhedopacāradbrāāhṛṇeṣu pañcālaśabdasya vṛttiḥ. bahuvacanagrahaṇaṃ kim?.
ekavacanadvivacanayoḥ satyapi śabdabhede atideśo yathā syāt. āhgaḥ āṅgau vā bhaktisya
āṅgakaḥ. iha vṛddhāccha#e prāpte vuñ.
Tattvabodhinī2 : , 4. 3. 10 0
janapadināṃ janapadavatsarva janapadena samānaśabdānāṃ bahuvacane 1141, 4.3.100 janapadināṃ. svasvāmibhāvasaṃbandhe matvarthayaṃ darśayita---janapadasvamivācināmiti. pratyayaḥ prakṛtiśceti. anena sarvaśabdasyārtho darśitaḥ. asati sarvagrahaṇe prādhānyātpratyayasyaivātideśaḥ syānna, tu prakṛteriti haradattaḥṣa. atra vārtikakāraḥ sarvaśabdasya prayojanamāha---"sarvavacanaṃ prakṛtinihryāsārthaṃ, tacca madravṛjyartha"miti. ayaṃ bhāvaḥ---vṛddhinimitteṣu vuñādiṣvatidiṣṭe'pi prakṛtirūpe punarvṛddyā bhāvyamiti viśeṣasya tatra durlabhatvānmadravṛjyoḥ kani viśeṣo bodhyaḥ. so'pyabahutve eveti. nihryāso'pacayo'lpatā. tathā hi madrāṇāṃ rājā. "vdyañmagadhe"tyaṇ. mādraḥ. vajiśabdātac "vṛddetkośale"ti ñyaṅ. vārjyaḥ. sa bhaktirasyeti prakṛtinihryāse--madrakaḥ. vṛjikaḥ. "madravṛjyoḥ kan. anyathā mādrakaḥ vājryaka iti syāt. āṅgaka iti. "janapadatadavadhyośca" "avṛddhādapī"ti vuñ. aṅgaśabdātsvāmivācino bahuvacanāntādaṇi prāpte vuñatidiśyate. pañcālā brāāhṛṇā iti. abhedopacāradbrāāhṛṇeṣu pañcālaśabdasya vṛttiḥ. bahuvacanagrahaṇaṃ kim(). ekavacanadvivacanayoḥ satyapi śabdabhede atideśo yathā syāt. āhgaḥ āṅgau vā bhaktisya āṅgakaḥ. iha vṛddhāccha#e prāpte vuñ.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
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