Pāṇini 4.1.44

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Grammatical Sūtra: वोतो गुणवचनात्‌ voto guṇavacanāt‌ Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: vā utaḥ guṇavacanāt
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: vā utaḥ guṇavacanāt pratyayaḥ (3.1.1), paraḥ (3.1.2), ca (3.1.2), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3), ca (3.1.3), ṅyāpprātipadikāt (4.1.1), striyām (4.1.3), anupasarjanāt (4.1.14), ṅīṣ (4.1.40)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:4.1.14 (1anupasarjanāt)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

The affix ((ṅīṣ)) is optionally employed in the feminine after a word ending in short ((u)), and being expressive of a quality. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[The affix 3.1.1 ṄīṢ 40 is introduced] optionally (vā) [after 3.1.2 a nominal stem 1 ending in 1.1.72] the phoneme short u(T) constituting a qualifying word (guṇa-vácan-āt) [to derive a feminine 3 nominal stem 1]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 4.1.3, 4.1.14, 4.1.40

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: guṇam uktavān guṇavacanaḥ. guṇavacanāt prātipadikādukārāntāt striyāṃ vā ṅīṣ prat See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: vā uto guṇavacanāt 4.1.44 guṇam uktavān guṇavacanaḥ. guṇavacanāt prātipadikāduk See More

Nyāsa²: voto guṇavacanāt. , 4.1.44 "guṇamuktavān guṇavacanaḥ" iti. bhūte kāle See More

voto guṇavacanāt. , 4.1.44 "guṇamuktavān guṇavacanaḥ" iti. bhūte kāle lyuṭo vidhānāt. sa punaryaḥ prāg guṇamabhidhāya paścānmatublopādabhedopacārādvā tadvaddravyamabhidhatte sa veditavyaḥ. "paṭvī, mṛdvī" iti. atra paṭutvaṃ mṛdutvañca yatākramaṃ guṇamabhidhāya paṭumṛduśabdau tadvati dravye vatrtete iti guṇavacanau bhavataḥ. "śuciḥ" iti. śuciśabdaḥ śucitve guṇe varttitvā dravye vatrtata iti guṇavacanaḥ, na tūkārāntaḥ. "ākhuḥ" iti. jātivacano'yam, na gaṇavacanaḥ. "guṇavacanānṅībādyudāttārtham" iti. guṇavacanānṅībvidheyaḥ, na ṅīṣ. svare viśeṣaḥ. kimartham? ādyudāttārtham. antodātteṣu "udāttayaṇo halpūrvāt" 6.1.168 ityudāttatvamīkārasya vidhīyata iti nāsti viśeṣo ṅībṅīṣoḥ. ādyudātteṣu tu ṅībanudātta evāvatiṣṭhate, tasmāt tadarthaṃ ṅībvidheyaḥ. nanu ca ṅīṣ prakṛtaḥ, tat kathaṃ ṅīp śakyate vidhātum? naiṣa doṣaḥ; ṅībeva hratra maṇḍūkaplutinyāyenānuvatrtate, na ṅīṣ; asvaritatvāt. "vasvī" iti. "vasa nivāse" (dhā.pā.1942) "bhṛmṛśītṛcaritsaritani{dhani-nāsti-da.u.} dhanimimasjibhya uḥ" (da.u.1.92) iti vatrtamāne "dhānye nit" (da.u.1.94) iti ca śṛsvṛsnihitrapyasivasihaniklidivandhimanibhyaśca" (da.u.1.95) ityupratyayaḥ, nicca, nittvādādyadāttatvaṃ bhavati. guṇavacanaścāyaṃ vasuśabdaḥ, vasutve guṇe varttitvā tadvati dravye vatrtata iti kṛtvā. paṭuśabdo'pyādyudāttatvānṅīpaṃ projayati. "aṭa paṭa gatau" (dhā.pā.296,297), hetumaṇṇic, "phalipāṭinamimanijanāṃ guk paṭinākidhataśca" (da.u.1.103) ityupratyayaḥ, pāṭeśca paṭirādeśaḥ, "dhānye nit" (da.u.1.94) ityanuvṛtternatvādādyudāttatvam. mṛduśabdaśca pratyayasvareṇāntodātta iti, tatra ṅīpo ṅīṣo vā viśeṣo nāsti. "mrada mardane" (dhā.pā.767), "kubhrraśca" (da.u.1.107) ityataḥ kurityanuvatrtamāne "prathimradibhrasjāṃ samprasāraṇaṃ ca" (da.u.1.113) iti kupratyayaḥ, samprasāraṇaṃ ca bhavati. "kharusaṃyogopadhapratiṣedhaḥ" iti. kharuśabdāt saṃyogopadhāśca pratiṣedhaḥ. sa tu vetyasya vyavasthitavibhāṣāvijñānādeva labhyata iti vaktavyamiti. "utaḥ" iti taparakaraṇaṃ dīrghanivṛttyartham, tena paṭurityatra na bhavati. paṭumicchatīti "supaḥ ātmanaḥ kyac" 3.1.8, "akṛtsārvadhātukayoḥ" 7.4.25 iti dīrghaḥ. paṭū ya iti sthite kvip, "ato lopaḥ" 6.4.48 ityakāralopaḥ, "lopo vyorvali" 6.1.64 iti yakārasya lopaḥ. iha "utaḥ" iti viśeṣaṇopādanādeva śāstrīyaguṇasyāparigrahaḥ siddhaḥ ma hredeṅgāṃ madhye kaścidukārānto'sti. loke tu kvacidupasarjanaṃ guṇa ityabhidhīyate, yathā-- guṇabhūtā vayamiti, apradhānabhūtā iti gamyate. yasya guṇasya hi bhāvāt tadvati dravyaśabde niveśastadabhidhāne tvatalāvityatra viśeṣaṇamātraṃ guṇaśabdenocyate, tathā hi, jātāvapi bhāvapratyayo bhavati-- iha tu yādṛśo guṇa iṣyate tādṛśaṃ paribhāṣitumāha-- "sattve nivaśate'paiti" ityādi. vyavacchedaphalakatvāt sarvavākyānāṃ sattava evetyavadhāraṇaṃ draṣṭavyam. sattvam = dravyam, tatraiva niviśate, tadevāśrayatītyarthaḥ. apaiti = tataḥ sattvādapagacchathi, yathā-- āmraphale śyāmatā pūrvamupaiti, raktatāyāmupajātāyāṃ tato'paiti. "pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate" (iti). pṛthak = nānā jātayo yeṣāṃ te pṛthagjātayaḥ, atasteṣu pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate. na hi gotvama()āādiṣu vyaktiṣu dṛśyate. govyate. govyaktau dṛṣṭaḥ śaṅ()khādāvapi śuklādirguṇau dṛśyate. etena sarveṇa jātirguṇo na bhavatītyuktaṃ bhavati. na hi jātidrravyamevāśrayati. yathā hi sattā dravyaguṇakarmasu triṣvapi vatrtate, dravyatvaṃ dravya eva, karmatvaṃ karmaṇyeva, guṇatvaṃ guṇa eva, nāpi dravyavartinī jātiḥ sattvādapaiti; janmanaḥ prabhṛtyā vināśāttasyādhāradravyāparityāgāt na jātiḥ pathagjātiṣu dṛśyate. na hi gotvama()āādivyaktiṣu dṛśyate, nāpya()ātvaṃ gavādiṣviti nāsti jāterguṇatvaprasaṅgaḥ. karmaṇastu syāt; tadapi hi sattva eva nivaśite yadā sakriyaṃ dravyaṃ bhavati, apaiti ca tato yadā tu niṣkriyaṃ bhavati. "pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate" iti. ghaṭapaṭādiṣu dṛśyate. ataḥ raktatā guṇaḥ, sa hragnisanniyogena niṣpādyate. "akriyājaśca" iti. kriyā = vyāpāraḥ, tato jātaḥ kriyājaḥ, na kriyājo'kriyājaḥ = nityaḥ, yathā-- ākāśādiṣu mahattvādirguṇaḥ. tadevaṃ guṇasyotpādyatvānutpādyatvaprakāradvayadarśanena karmaṇo guṇatvanivṛttiḥ kṛtā bhavati. taddhyutpādyameva, nānutpādyam. evamapi dravyasya guṇatvaṃ prāpnoti,tasyāpi hrete dharmā vidyante.tathā hi-- tadapi yadi dravya evārambhake'vayavabhūte niviśate, apaiti ca tataḥ, yathā-- śarīramavayavīti. taddhi hastapādādiṣvavayaveṣu samavaiti; tadvināśe ca vināśāt tato'paiti. pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate, hastyādiṣu dṛśyate. dravyasyāpi pūrvoktaṃ prakāradvayamastyeva. avayavidravyasyotpādyatvādākāśādestadvadanutpādyatvāt? ityata āha-- "so'sattvaprakṛtirguṇaḥ"iti. prakṛtiḥ = svabhāvaḥ. sattvaṃ dravyaṃ prakṛtiryasya sa sattvaprakṛtiḥ, na sattvaprakṛtirasattvaprakṛtiḥ. yathoktairdharmairyukto yo dravyasvabhāvo na bhavati sa guṇaḥ. dravyam = dravyasvabhāvam, ato guṇo na bhavati॥

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī¹: udantād guṇavācino vā ṅīṣ syāt. mṛdvī, mṛduḥ.. Sū #1262

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī²: voto guṇavacanāt 1262, 4.1.44 udantād guṇavācino vā ṅīṣ syāt. mṛdvī, mṛduḥ॥

Bālamanoramā¹: voto guṇavacanāt. prātipadikādityanuvṛttam. vā uta iticchedaḥ. utā guṇavacanasy Sū #495 See More

voto guṇavacanāt. prātipadikādityanuvṛttam. vā uta iticchedaḥ. utā guṇavacanasya prātipadikasya viśeṣaṇāttadantavidhiḥ. tadāha–udantāditi. vā ṅībiti. ṅīṣiti nātrānuvartate. `guṇavacanānṅībādyudāttārthaḥ' iti vārtikāditi bhāvaḥ. mṛdvīti. mṛduśabdānṅīpi yaṇ. atra-`sattve niviśate'paiti pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate. ādheyaścā'kriyājaśca so'sattvaprakṛtirguṇaḥ' iti bhāṣye guṇalakṣaṇamuktam. sattvaṃ dravyaṃ samavāyikāraṇaṃ, tatraiva niviśate samavaiti yaḥ sa guṇa ityanvayaḥ. dravyamātrasamaveta iti yāvat. mātrapadātsattājātivryavacchidyate, tasyā dravyaguṇakriyāvṛttitvāt. atha dravyatve'tivyāptivāraṇāya āha–apaitīti. katipayadravyebhyo'pagacchatītyarthaḥ. dravyatvasya sarvadravyavṛttitvānnātivyāptiriti bhāvaḥ. evamapi kriyāyāmativyāptivāraṇāya āha–ādheyaścākriyājaśceti. ādhīyate utpādyate ityādheyaḥ=utpādyaḥ, akriyājaḥ=anutpādyaḥ. utpādyatvā'nutpādyatvābhyāṃ dvividha iti yāvat. guṇonityā'nityabhedena dvividho bhavati. nityagatānāṃ guṇānāṃ nityatvāt, anityagatānāmanityatvāt. kriyāyāstu sarvasyā apyutpa#ādyatvānnātivyāptiriti bhāvaḥ. evamapi dravye'tivyāptiḥ, tasya avayavadravyasamavetatvādasamavāyikāraṇasaṃyoganāśe tato'pāyāt, vijātīyapārthivādyavayaveṣu sattvāt, nityā'nityabhedasattvācca. ?ta āha–asattvaprakṛtiriti. adravyasvabhāva ityarthaḥ. dravyabhinna iti yāvat. ?tra mātrapadena sattājāteḥ, apaitītyanena dravyatvasya, pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate ityanena gotvādijāteśca nirāsattādbhinnatvamiti labdham. `ādheyaścākriyājaśce'tyanena kriyānirāsātkriyābhinnatvaṃ labdham. asatvaprakṛtīrityanena dravyasya nirāsāddravyabhinnatvaṃ labdham. tathāca jātibhinnatve sati kriyābhinnatve sati dravyabhinnatve sati samavetatvaṃ guṇalakṣaṇaṃ niṣkṛṣṭaṃ veditavyam. samavetatvā'bhāvādabhāvanirāsaḥ. atra `nityadravyavṛttayo viśeṣāstvanantā eva' iti tārkikābhimataviśeṣapadārthāṅgīkāre tadbhinnatvamapi niveśyam. `ākaḍārādeka saṃjñā' iti sūtrabhāṣye tu `samāsakṛdantataddhitāntāvyayasarvanāmajātisaṃkhyāsaṃjñāśabdavyatiriktamarthavacchabdarūpaṃ guṇavacanasaṃjñaṃ bhavatī'tyuktam. tadidaṃ prakṛtasūtrabhāṣyasthalakṣaṇasyāsyoktasya prapañcanaparaṃ veditavyam. parantu ākaḍārasūtrabhāṣye saṃkhyāśabdabhinnatvamapyupāttam. tadapyuktalakṣaṇe niveśyam. na caivamapi mṛdupaṭvādiśabdānāṃ guṇaviśiṣṭadravyavācitvādguṇavacanatvā'bhāva iti vācyaṃ, guṇavacanetyanvarthasaṃjñayā guṇopasarjanadravyavācitvasyaiva vivakṣitatvāt. evaṃ ca rūpaśabdasya na guṇavacanatā tasya prādhānyena rūpavācitayā rūpavati prayogā'bhāvāt. rūpādiśabdasyāpi guṇavacanaśabdena grahaṇe `guṇavacanebhyo matupo lugiṣṭaḥ' ityatrāpi rūpādiśabdānāṃ grahaṇāpattau `rūpo ghaṭaḥ' ityādiprayogāpatteḥ. prapañcitaṃ caidarūṇādhikaraṇe'smābhiradhvaramīmāṃsākutūhalavṛttau. śuciriti. śukletyarthaḥ. `śuklaśubhraśuci\ufffdotaviśadaśyetapāṇḍarāḥ' ityamaraḥ. naca śucidhātoḥ `igupadhāt ki'dityauṇādike ipratyaye utpannasya śuciśabdasya ākaḍārasūtre bhāṣye kṛdantasya guṇavacanatvaparyudāsādevātra ṅīṣ na bhaviṣyatīti vācyam, uṇādīnāmavyutpattipakṣāśrayaṇāt. ākhuriti. mūṣiketyarthaḥ. ākhostu jātiviśiṣṭadravyavacanatvāduktaguṇavacanatvā'bhāvānna ṅīp. `kharusaṃyogāpadhānne'ti vārtikam. kharuśca saṃyogāpadhaśceti samāhāradvandvaḥ. kharuśabdāt saṃyogopadhāñca `voto guṇavacanādi'ti ṅīp netyarthaḥ. kharuśabdamaprasiddhatvādvyācaṣṭe–patiṃvarā kanyeti. patilābhotkaṇṭhāvatītyarthaḥ. autkaṇṭha\ufffdlakṣaṇaguṇopasarjanadravyavācitayā guṇavācitvāt prāptiḥ. pāṇḍuriti. \ufffdotetyarthaḥ. saṃyogopadhatvānna ṅīp.

Bālamanoramā²: voto guṇavacanāt 495, 4.1.44 voto guṇavacanāt. prātipadikādityanuvṛttam. vā uta See More

voto guṇavacanāt 495, 4.1.44 voto guṇavacanāt. prātipadikādityanuvṛttam. vā uta iticchedaḥ. utā guṇavacanasya prātipadikasya viśeṣaṇāttadantavidhiḥ. tadāha--udantāditi. vā ṅībiti. ṅīṣiti nātrānuvartate. "guṇavacanānṅībādyudāttārthaḥ" iti vārtikāditi bhāvaḥ. mṛdvīti. mṛduśabdānṅīpi yaṇ. atra-"sattve niviśate'paiti pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate. ādheyaścā'kriyājaśca so'sattvaprakṛtirguṇaḥ" iti bhāṣye guṇalakṣaṇamuktam. sattvaṃ dravyaṃ samavāyikāraṇaṃ, tatraiva niviśate samavaiti yaḥ sa guṇa ityanvayaḥ. dravyamātrasamaveta iti yāvat. mātrapadātsattājātivryavacchidyate, tasyā dravyaguṇakriyāvṛttitvāt. atha dravyatve'tivyāptivāraṇāya āha--apaitīti. katipayadravyebhyo'pagacchatītyarthaḥ. dravyatvasya sarvadravyavṛttitvānnātivyāptiriti bhāvaḥ. evamapi kriyāyāmativyāptivāraṇāya āha--ādheyaścākriyājaśceti. ādhīyate utpādyate ityādheyaḥ=utpādyaḥ, akriyājaḥ=anutpādyaḥ. utpādyatvā'nutpādyatvābhyāṃ dvividha iti yāvat. guṇonityā'nityabhedena dvividho bhavati. nityagatānāṃ guṇānāṃ nityatvāt, anityagatānāmanityatvāt. kriyāyāstu sarvasyā apyutpa#ādyatvānnātivyāptiriti bhāvaḥ. evamapi dravye'tivyāptiḥ, tasya avayavadravyasamavetatvādasamavāyikāraṇasaṃyoganāśe tato'pāyāt, vijātīyapārthivādyavayaveṣu sattvāt, nityā'nityabhedasattvācca.?ta āha--asattvaprakṛtiriti. adravyasvabhāva ityarthaḥ. dravyabhinna iti yāvat.?tra mātrapadena sattājāteḥ, apaitītyanena dravyatvasya, pṛthagjātiṣu dṛśyate ityanena gotvādijāteśca nirāsattādbhinnatvamiti labdham. "ādheyaścākriyājaśce"tyanena kriyānirāsātkriyābhinnatvaṃ labdham. asatvaprakṛtīrityanena dravyasya nirāsāddravyabhinnatvaṃ labdham. tathāca jātibhinnatve sati kriyābhinnatve sati dravyabhinnatve sati samavetatvaṃ guṇalakṣaṇaṃ niṣkṛṣṭaṃ veditavyam. samavetatvā'bhāvādabhāvanirāsaḥ. atra "nityadravyavṛttayo viśeṣāstvanantā eva" iti tārkikābhimataviśeṣapadārthāṅgīkāre tadbhinnatvamapi niveśyam. "ākaḍārādeka saṃjñā" iti sūtrabhāṣye tu "samāsakṛdantataddhitāntāvyayasarvanāmajātisaṃkhyāsaṃjñāśabdavyatiriktamarthavacchabdarūpaṃ guṇavacanasaṃjñaṃ bhavatī"tyuktam. tadidaṃ prakṛtasūtrabhāṣyasthalakṣaṇasyāsyoktasya prapañcanaparaṃ veditavyam. parantu ākaḍārasūtrabhāṣye saṃkhyāśabdabhinnatvamapyupāttam. tadapyuktalakṣaṇe niveśyam. na caivamapi mṛdupaṭvādiśabdānāṃ guṇaviśiṣṭadravyavācitvādguṇavacanatvā'bhāva iti vācyaṃ, guṇavacanetyanvarthasaṃjñayā guṇopasarjanadravyavācitvasyaiva vivakṣitatvāt. evaṃ ca rūpaśabdasya na guṇavacanatā tasya prādhānyena rūpavācitayā rūpavati prayogā'bhāvāt. rūpādiśabdasyāpi guṇavacanaśabdena grahaṇe "guṇavacanebhyo matupo lugiṣṭaḥ" ityatrāpi rūpādiśabdānāṃ grahaṇāpattau "rūpo ghaṭaḥ" ityādiprayogāpatteḥ. prapañcitaṃ caidarūṇādhikaraṇe'smābhiradhvaramīmāṃsākutūhalavṛttau. śuciriti. śukletyarthaḥ. "śuklaśubhraśuci()otaviśadaśyetapāṇḍarāḥ" ityamaraḥ. naca śucidhātoḥ "igupadhāt ki"dityauṇādike ipratyaye utpannasya śuciśabdasya ākaḍārasūtre bhāṣye kṛdantasya guṇavacanatvaparyudāsādevātra ṅīṣ na bhaviṣyatīti vācyam, uṇādīnāmavyutpattipakṣāśrayaṇāt. ākhuriti. mūṣiketyarthaḥ. ākhostu jātiviśiṣṭadravyavacanatvāduktaguṇavacanatvā'bhāvānna ṅīp. "kharusaṃyogāpadhānne"ti vārtikam. kharuśca saṃyogāpadhaśceti samāhāradvandvaḥ. kharuśabdāt saṃyogopadhāñca "voto guṇavacanādi"ti ṅīp netyarthaḥ. kharuśabdamaprasiddhatvādvyācaṣṭe--patiṃvarā kanyeti. patilābhotkaṇṭhāvatītyarthaḥ. autkaṇṭha()lakṣaṇaguṇopasarjanadravyavācitayā guṇavācitvāt prāptiḥ. pāṇḍuriti. ()otetyarthaḥ. saṃyogopadhatvānna ṅīp.

Tattvabodhinī¹: guṇavacanāt. guṇo nāma nehādeṅrūpaḥ, `utaḥ'iti viśeṣaṇādvacanagrahaṇācca, Sū #446 See More

Tattvabodhinī²: voto guṇavacanāt 446, 4.1.44 guṇavacanāt. guṇo nāma nehādeṅrūpaḥ, "utaḥ&quo See More

1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
2.Source: Sanskrit Documents

Examples²:

Research Papers and Publications