Pāṇini 4.1.31

Grammatical Sūtra: रात्रेश्चाजसौ rātreścājasau Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: rātreḥ ca ajasau
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: rātreḥ ca ajasau pratyayaḥ (3.1.1), paraḥ (3.1.2), ca (3.1.2), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3), ca (3.1.3), ṅyāpprātipadikāt (4.1.1), striyām (4.1.3), anupasarjanāt (4.1.14), saṃjñācchandasoḥ (4.1.29)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:4.1.14 (1anupasarjanāt)

Description:

The affix ((ṅīp)) comes after the word ((rātri)) in the Chhandas, and in denoting a Name, except when the affix ((jas)) (nominative plural) is added. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[In the domain of names and Chándas 29 the affix 3.1.1 ṄīP 5 is introduced after 3.1.2 the nominal stem 1] rātri- `night' except before the nominative plural [sUP ending 2] Jasi̱. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 4.1.3, 4.1.14, 4.1.26, 4.1.29

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: jasviṣayādanyatra saṃjñāyāṃ chandasi ca rātriśabdāt ṅīp pratyayo bhavati. yā ca See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: rātreś ca ajasau 4.1.31 jasviṣayādanyatra saṃjñāyāṃ chandasi ca rātriśabdāt ṅīp See More

Nyāsa²: rātreścājasau. , 4.1.31 "ajasau" iti. viṣayasaptamīyam, na parasaptamī See More

rātreścājasau. , 4.1.31 "ajasau" iti. viṣayasaptamīyam, na parasaptamī, kutaḥ? strīpratyayasyāntaraṅgatvājjasaḥ paratvāvirodhādviṣayasaptamītve na doṣa ityāha-- "jasviṣayatvāt" ityādi. "ajasādiṣviti vaktavyamiti.jāsādiviṣayādanyatra rātriśabdānṅībbhavatītyedartharūpaṃ vyākhyeyamityarthaḥ. tatredaṃ vyākhyānam-- iha lāghavārthaṃ "ajasi" iti vaktavye'jasāvityuktam, mātrādhikyādarthādhikyasūcanārtham, tenājasādiṣu ṅībbhavatīti. ādiśabdenāmādīnāṃ grahaṇam. "katham" ityādi. "rātryaḥ" iti. rātriśabdasya jasantasya prayogaḥ. evaṃ hi "dīrghājjasi ca" 6.1.101 iti savarṇadīrghatve pratiṣiddhe yaṇādeśa upapadyate, nānyathā. yadi tu rātriśabdasyāyaṃ prayogaḥ syāt, tataḥ "jasi ca"7.3.109 iti guṇe kṛte'yādeśe ca rātraya iti rūpaṃ syāt. īkārāntaśca rātriśabdo na sambhavati;ajasāviti ṅīppratiṣedhāt. tataśca rātrya iti prayogo nopapadyata ityabhiprāyaḥ. "ṅīṣayamityādi. nanuca rātriśabdo bahvādiṣu paṭha()te, tatkathaṃ bahvādilakṣaṇastato ṅīṣbhaviṣyati? ityata āha--"tatra hi" ityādi. "kṛdikārādaktinaḥ"iti. kṛta ikāraḥ kṛdikāraḥ,tadantānṅīṣ bhavati."vṛdṛbhyāṃ vin" (da.u. 1.23) varvī, darvī. yastu ktinsambandhī tadantānna bhavati-- "striyāṃ ktin" 3.3.94 kṛtiḥ, hmatiḥ. "sarvato'ktinnarthādityeke" iti. eka ācāryā sarvato'ktinnarthāt kṛdikārādakṛdikārācca ṅīṣ bhavatītyāhuḥ, rājiḥ rājī. rājiśabdo'vyayutpattipakṣe kṛtikārānto na bhavati. aktinnarthāditi, na vidyate ktinnartho yasya so'ktinnarthaḥ, tasmāt sarvato ṅīṣ bhavati. yastu ktinnarthastadantānna bhavati-- kṛtiḥ hmatiḥ. "ākrośe nañyaniḥ" 3.3.112 -- akaraṇiḥ, aharaṇiḥ. rātriśabdaścāyaṃ vyutpattipakṣe kṛdikārānto bhavati, "rā ādāne" (dhā.pā.1057), "rāśadibhyāṃ trip" (da.u.1.36) rātriḥ, tasmāt pakṣe ṅīṣ rātrī. avyutpattapakṣe tu kṛdikārānto na bhavati, tataḥ "sarvato'ktinnarthāt" (ga.sū.51) iti ṅīṣ॥