Grammatical Sūtra: आदृगमहनजनः किकिनौ लिट् च ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ ca Individual Word Components: ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ caSūtra with anuvṛtti words: ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ ca pratyayaḥ (3.1.1 ), paraḥ (3.1.2 ), ca (3.1.2 ), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3 ), ca (3.1.3 ), dhātoḥ (3.1.91 ), kṛt (3.1.93 ), vartamāne (3.2.123 ), tacchīlataddharmatatsādhukāriṣu (3.2.134 ), chandasi (3.2.170 ) Type of Rule: vidhiPreceding adhikāra rule: 3.2.134 (1ā kveḥ tacchīlataddharmatatsādhukāriṣu)
Description:
In the Chhandas, the affixes ((ki)) and ((kin)) in the sense of 'the agent having such a habit &c' come after the verbs that end in long ((ā)), or short or long ((ṛ)), and after the verbs ((gam)) 'to go', ((han)) 'to kill', and ((jan)) 'to be produced', and these affixes operate like ((liṭ)) causing reduplication of the root. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[In the domain of Chándas 170 the kŕt 1.93 affixes 1.2] Kí and KiN are introduced [after 1.2 verbal stems 1.91 ending in 1.1.72 the phonemes] long [ā] and phoneme-class [r̥] as well as gam- `go' (1.1.31 ), han- `kill, strike' (II 2) and jan- `be born' (IV 41) and these affixes function like lIṬ `Perfect Tense' [to denote the agent's habitual disposition, duty or excellence 134]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini Anuvṛtti: 3.2.134 , 3.2.170
Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona 2/35:kikinoḥ kittvam ṝkāraguṇapratiṣedhāṛtham |* 3/35:kikinoḥ kittvam kriyate ṝkāraguṇapratiṣedhāṛtham | 4/35:ayam ṝkārārāntānām liṭi guṇaḥ pratiṣedhaviṣaye ārabhyate ṛcchatyṝtrām iti | 5/35:saḥ yathā iha bhavati ātastaratuḥ atastaruḥ iti evam iha api prasajyeta mitrāvaruṇau taturiḥ dūre hi adhvā jaguriḥ iti |
1/35:kimartham kikinoḥ kittvam ucyate na asaṃyogāt liṭ kit iti eva siddham |2/35:kikinoḥ kittvam ṝkāraguṇapratiṣedhāṛtham |* 7/35:utsargaḥ chandasi sadādibhyaḥ darśanāt |* 15/35:bhāṣāyām dhāñkṛsṛjaninimibhyaḥ | bhāṣāyām dhāñkṛsṛjaninimibhyaḥ kikinau vaktavyau |* 30/35:sāsahivāvahicācalipāpatīnām nipātanam |*
Collapse Kielhorn/Abhyankar (II,134.18-135.12) Rohatak (III,304-305) * Kātyāyana's Vārttikas
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : ay e ta cc hī
ākārāntebhyaḥ ṛvarṇāntebhyaḥ gama hana jana ityetebhyaśca chandasi viṣaye tacchīlādiṣu
kikinau pratayau bhavataḥ. liṅvac ca tau bhavataḥ. ātiti takāro mukhasukhārthaḥ, na tvayaṃ aparaḥ,
mā bhūttādapi paraḥ taparaḥ iti ṛkāre tatkālagrahaṇam. papiḥ somaṃ dadirgāḥ. dadathuḥ
mitrāvaruṇā taturim mitrāvaruṇau taturiḥ. dūre hyadhvā jaguriḥ. jagmiryuvā.
jaghnirvṛtra. jajñi bijam. atha kimarthaṃ kittvam, yāvatā asaṃyogāl liṭ kit
1-2-5) iti kittvaṃ siddham eva iti liṭi guṇaḥ
pratiṣedhaviṣaya ārabhyate, tasya api bādhanārthaṃ kittvam. kikināvutsargaś chandasi
sadādibhyo darśanāt. sediḥ. nemiḥ. bhāṣāyāṃ dhañkṛñsṛjanigaminamibhyaḥ kikinau
vaktavyau. didhiḥ. cakriḥ. sastriḥ. jajñiḥ. jagmiḥ. nemiḥ. sahivahicalipatibhyo
yaṅantebhyaḥ kikinau vaktavyau. dīrgho 'kitaḥ 7-4-83 sāsahiḥ. vāvahiḥ. cācaliḥ.
pāpatiḥ.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : ga ma h an a
ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ ca 3.2.171 ākārāntebhyaḥ ṛvarṇāntebhyaḥ gama hana jana ityetebhyaśca chandasi viṣaye tacchīlādiṣu kikinau pratayau bhavataḥ. liṅvac ca tau bhavataḥ. ātiti takāro mukhasukhārthaḥ, na tvayaṃ aparaḥ, mā bhūttādapi paraḥ taparaḥ iti ṛkāre tatkālagrahaṇam. papiḥ somaṃ dadirgāḥ. dadathuḥ mitrāvaruṇā taturim mitrāvaruṇau taturiḥ. dūre hyadhvā jaguriḥ. jagmiryuvā. jaghnirvṛtra. jajñi bijam. atha kimarthaṃ kittvam, yāvatā asaṃyogāl liṭ kit 1.2.5 iti kittvaṃ siddham eva? ṛcchatyṛṛtām 7.4.11 iti liṭi guṇaḥ pratiṣedhaviṣaya ārabhyate, tasya api bādhanārthaṃ kittvam. kikināvutsargaś chandasi sadādibhyo darśanāt. sediḥ. nemiḥ. bhāṣāyāṃ dhañkṛñsṛjanigaminamibhyaḥ kikinau vaktavyau. didhiḥ. cakriḥ. sastriḥ. jajñiḥ. jagmiḥ. nemiḥ. sahivahicalipatibhyo yaṅantebhyaḥ kikinau vaktavyau. dīrgho 'kitaḥ 7.4.83 sāsahiḥ. vāvahiḥ. cācaliḥ. pāpatiḥ.
Nyāsa2 : ḥ śa bd ā va
ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ ca. , 3.2.171 parapadārtheṣu prayujyamānāḥ śabdā vatimantareṇāpi vatyarthaṃ gamayanti, yathā-- gaurvāhīkaḥ, siṃho māṇavaka iti. gaurvāhīka ityukte go śabdo'rthāntare prayukto vināpi vatinā gaurivāyamiti tulyaśabdarūpe vāhīke pratīyate. iha liḍiti svārthādanyatra kikinoḥ prayuktaḥ. tasmādasatyapi vatinā yoge'tideśo gamyata ityāha-- "liḍ()vacca tau bhavataḥ"iti. liṭā tulyau = tulyadharmāṇau bhavata ityarthaḥ. dvirvacanādikaṃ yalliṭaḥ kāryaṃ tat kikinorbhavatīti bhāvaḥ. kāryātideśo'yam, na śāstrātideśaḥ; kāryātideśāpekṣayā śāstrātideśasyāprādhānyāt. aprādhānyaṃ tu śāstrātideśasya kāryatvāt. yadi tarhi kāryātideśo'yam "laḥ parasmaipadam" 1.4.98 iti parasmaipadasaṃjñā'pi kikinoḥ prāpnoti, tataścātmanepadibhyastau na syātām? naiṣa doṣaḥ; lādeśasya hi parasmaipadasaṃjñā, na lakārasya. "la" iti hrādeśāpekṣayā tatra ṣaṣṭhī, lādeśaḥ parasmaipadasaṃjñako bhavatīti yāvat. na ca kikinau lādeśau,tatkutaḥ parasmaipadasaṃjñāyāḥ prasaṅgaḥ. tibādayastarhi kasmānna bhavanti? tayorvidhānasāmathryāt. yadi tarhi tibādayaḥ syuḥ, kikinorvidhānamanarthakaṃ syāt-- liṭameva vidadhyāditi, na ca tibādibhistacchīlādayo vidhīyante? anabhidhānānna bhaviṣyanti. kvasukānacau kasmānna bhavataḥ, na ca tayorbhāva ānarthakyaṃ kikinorupapadyate; "liṭaḥ kānajvā" 3.2.106 "kvasuśca" (3.2.107) iti vikalpena kvasukānacorvidhānāt? anabhidhānādeva tāvapi na bhaviṣyataḥ; na hi tābhyāṃ tacchīlādayo vidhīyante;ata evānabhidhānāt. "laḥ karmaṇi ca bhāve cākarmakebhyaḥ" 3.4.69 itibhāvakarmaṇorapi kikinau na bhavataḥ. yathaiva hi "bhañjabhāsamido ghurac" 3.2.161 iti bhañjerutpannena ca ghuracā svabhāvāt karmakarttaivābhidhīyate na karttṛmātram, tathā kikinbhyāmapi dhātorutpannābhyāṃ svabhāvādeva karttaivābhidhīyate, na bhāvakarmaṇī. "āditi dakāro mukhasukhārthaḥ"iti. taparatvanirāsārthametat. ata evāha-- " na tvayaṃ taparaḥ" iti. kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇaṃ taparo neṣyata ityāha-- "mā bhūt" ityādi. "taparastatkālasya" 1.1.69 iti tādapi para iti pañcamīsamāso'pyāśritaḥ. "vṛddhirādaic" 1.1.1 ityatra trimātracaturmātrayoraicāṃ vṛddhisaṃjñā mā bhūdityevamartham. tataśca yadyevaṃ taparaḥ syāt tadā ṛkāre'pi tapara eva syāt, tataśca ṛkāreṇa tatkālānāṃ mātrikāṇāmetad()grahaṇaṃ syāt, na punardīrghāṇām. tatra ko doṣaḥ? dadhiścakrirityevamādāveva syātām; taturiḥ, jagurirityevamādau ca na syātām. tasmāt mā bhūdityeva doṣa iti taparatvamatra neṣyate. "papiḥ somam" iti. "āto lopa iṭi ca" 6.4.64 ityākāralopaḥ, dvirvacanam, abhyāsasya hyasvaḥ. "na lokāvyayaniṣṭhā" 2.3.69 ityādinā ṣaṣṭhīpratiṣedhaḥ kāryaṃ iti somaśabdāt karmaṇi dvitīyaikavacanaṃ bhavati. "dadiḥ" iti. "ḍudāñ dāne" (dhā.pā.1091). "tatuḥ" iti. "bahulaṃ chandasi"7.1.103 ityuktam, raparatvañca. "dvirvacane'ci" 1.1.58 iti sthānivadbhāvāt tṛśabdo dvirucyate. (dhā.pā.7.4.66) ityattvam,raparatvam, halādiśeṣaḥ 7.4.60. "jaguriḥ" iti. "gṛ nigaraṇe" (dhā.pā.1410) "janmiḥ, jaghniḥ" iti. "gamahana" 6.4.98 ityādinopadhālopaḥ. janernakārasya "sto ścunā ścuḥ" 8.4.39 iti ścutvaṃ ñakāraḥ.
"atha" ityādi codyam. "ṛcchatyṛtām" ityādinā parīhāraḥ.
"utsargaśchandasi" ityādi. sāmānyena vidhānam = utsargaḥ. etaduktaṃ bhavati-- prakṛtiviśeṣamanupādāya dhātumātrāt kikinorutpādau draṣṭavyāviti. dhātumātrādvidhātavyāviti yāvat. kuto hetorityāha-- "sadādibhyo'pi darśanāt" iti. sadādibhyo'pi sūtrānupāttebhyaḥ kikinau yasmādutsargaḥ katrtavyaḥ. "sediḥ,nemiḥ"iti. pūrvadettvābhyāsalopau. "ṣadlṛ viśaraṇagatyavasādaneṣu" (dhā.pā.854), "ṇama prahvatve śabde" (dhā.pā.981), "ata ekahalmadhye'nādeśāderliṭi"6.4.120 ityettvābhyāsalopau.
"dadhiḥ, cakriḥ" iti. ghāñaḥ pūrvavadākāralopaḥ. "cakriḥ, sasriḥ" iti. karoteḥ satrteśca yaṇādeśaḥ. "jajñiḥ" iti. janeḥ pūrvaccutvopadhālopau. "nemiḥ"iti. pūrvavadattvābhyāsalopau.
"sahivahi" ityādi. bhāṣāyāmapi vatrtate. "sāsahiḥ" ityādi. sahādibhyo yaṅa, dvirvacanam, pūrvavadakārayalopau॥
Bālamanoramā1 : an dv aḥ .
li Sū #953
ādṛgama. āt, ṛ, gama, hana, jan, eṣāṃ dvandvātpañcamī.ki kin anayodrvandvaḥ.
liṭ ceti vyācaṣṭe – tau ca liḍvaditi. tacchīlādiṣvityeva. papiriti. pādhātoḥ
kiḥ. dvitvādi, āllopaḥ. dadiriti. dādhātoḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi. babhrirvajramiti.
bhṛñaḥ kiḥ, dvitvādi. jaghnirita. hanaḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi. `gamahane'tyupadhālopaḥ. `ho
hante'riti kutvam. jajñiriti. janeḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi. evaṃ kinyapi bodhyam. svare
viśeṣaḥ. chāndasamapyetatsūtradvayaṃ bhāṣāyāmityādivakṣyamāṇavarātikavivecanāya
ihopanyastam. bhāṣāyāmiti. vārtikamidam. dhāñ, kṛ, sṛ, gami, jani, nami ebhyaḥ
ṣaḍbhyaḥ kikinau , tau ca liḍvaditi vaktavyamityarthaḥ. dadhirityādi. kikinoḥ
kṛtayordvitvādi yathāsaṃbhavaṃ jñeyam. nemiriti. nameḥ kiḥ. dvitvam.
ettvābhyāsalopau. sāsahīti. saheryaṅi dvitvādau `dīrgo'kitaḥ' iti dīrghe,
kikinoḥ kṛtayoḥ `yasya halaḥ' iti yakāralope , ato lope `sāsahī'ti nirdeśaḥ. evaṃ vaheḥ
caleḥ pateśca yaṅantasya kikinantasya nirdeśaḥ. eṣāṃ nipātanasya upasaṅkhyānamityarthaḥ.
tadāha– yaṅantebhyaḥ sahatyādibhya iti. nīgabhāva iti. `nīgvañcu' iti prāptasya
nīgāgamasyā'bhāvana ityarthaḥ.
Bālamanoramā2 : a, j an , eṣ
ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ ca 953, 3.2.171 ādṛgama. āt, ṛ, gama, hana, jan, eṣāṃ dvandvātpañcamī.ki kin anayodrvandvaḥ. liṭ ceti vyācaṣṭe -- tau ca liḍvaditi. tacchīlādiṣvityeva. papiriti. pādhātoḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi, āllopaḥ. dadiriti. dādhātoḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi. babhrirvajramiti. bhṛñaḥ kiḥ, dvitvādi. jaghnirita. hanaḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi. "gamahane"tyupadhālopaḥ. "ho hante"riti kutvam. jajñiriti. janeḥ kiḥ. dvitvādi. evaṃ kinyapi bodhyam. svare viśeṣaḥ. chāndasamapyetatsūtradvayaṃ bhāṣāyāmityādivakṣyamāṇavarātikavivecanāya ihopanyastam. bhāṣāyāmiti. vārtikamidam. dhāñ, kṛ, sṛ, gami, jani, nami ebhyaḥ ṣaḍbhyaḥ kikinau , tau ca liḍvaditi vaktavyamityarthaḥ. dadhirityādi. kikinoḥ kṛtayordvitvādi yathāsaṃbhavaṃ jñeyam. nemiriti. nameḥ kiḥ. dvitvam. ettvābhyāsalopau. sāsahīti. saheryaṅi dvitvādau "dīrgo'kitaḥ" iti dīrghe, kikinoḥ kṛtayoḥ "yasya halaḥ" iti yakāralope , ato lope "sāsahī"ti nirdeśaḥ. evaṃ vaheḥ caleḥ pateśca yaṅantasya kikinantasya nirdeśaḥ. eṣāṃ nipātanasya upasaṅkhyānamityarthaḥ. tadāha-- yaṅantebhyaḥ sahatyādibhya iti. nīgabhāva iti. "nīgvañcu" iti prāptasya nīgāgamasyā'bhāvana ityarthaḥ.
Tattvabodhinī1 : ra ḥ. t en a
Sū #783
ādṛga. `ṛdora'bitivadāditi dakāro mukhasukhārtho, na tvayaṃ takāraḥ. tena
tatparatvā'bhāvādṛ ityenena dīrgho'pi gṛhrate.taturiḥ. jaguriḥ. tṛ?
plavanataraṇayorityasya, gṛ? nigaraṇa ityasya ca `bahulaṃ chandasī' tyutve rūpamiti
prāñcaḥ. vastutastu ādityādi prakṛtiviśeṣaṇam. udāharaṇaṃ prapañcamātram. kikinau
liṭcetyetāvanmātrameva vivakṣitam. tathā ca vārtikaṃ– `kikināvutsargaśchandasi
sadādibhyo darśanā'diti. udāhmataṃ ca bhāṣye– sehirnemirityādi. evaṃ sthite āditi
taparakaraṇe'pi na kṣatiriti dhvanayannāha– ādantādṛdantāditi. babhrirvajramiti. `na
loke' ti ṣaṣṭhīniṣedhāddvitīyā. kikinoḥ sthāne tibādayo na, `liḍva'dityatideśena
svarūpā'bādhenaiva kāryātideśāt. chāndasasūtradvayopanyasanaṃ bhāṣāyāṃ
dhāñityādivārtikaviṣayavivecanārtham. iha ca vārtike gamiryadyapi na dṛśyate tathāpi
dhātuvṛttau, kvacidvṛttipustake ca darśanādupanyastaḥ. jagmiriti.
`gamahanajane'tyupadhālopaḥ. jaghniriti. `abhyāsācce'ti kutvam.
dhāñkṛsṛgamijaninamibhyaḥ. dadhiriti. āto lopaḥ. nemiriti. etvābhyāsalopau.
sāsahivāvahicācalipāpatīnāmupasaṅkhyānam. sāsahītyādi. yaṅo'tolopeyalopaḥ.
abhyāsadīrghaḥ. nīgabhāvaśceti. `nīgvañcu' ityādinā prāptasya nīgāgamasyā'bhāva
ityarthaḥ. tṛṣṇagiti. ḍittvānna guṇaḥ. najiṅa ikāra uccāraṇārthaḥ.
Tattvabodhinī2 : it iv ad ād it
ādṛgamahanajanaḥ kikinau liṭ ca 783, 3.2.171 ādṛga. "ṛdora"bitivadāditi dakāro mukhasukhārtho, na tvayaṃ takāraḥ. tena tatparatvā'bhāvādṛ ityenena dīrgho'pi gṛhrate.taturiḥ. jaguriḥ. tṛ? plavanataraṇayorityasya, gṛ? nigaraṇa ityasya ca "bahulaṃ chandasī" tyutve rūpamiti prāñcaḥ. vastutastu ādityādi prakṛtiviśeṣaṇam. udāharaṇaṃ prapañcamātram. kikinau liṭcetyetāvanmātrameva vivakṣitam. tathā ca vārtikaṃ-- "kikināvutsargaśchandasi sadādibhyo darśanā"diti. udāhmataṃ ca bhāṣye-- sehirnemirityādi. evaṃ sthite āditi taparakaraṇe'pi na kṣatiriti dhvanayannāha-- ādantādṛdantāditi. babhrirvajramiti. "na loke" ti ṣaṣṭhīniṣedhāddvitīyā. kikinoḥ sthāne tibādayo na, "liḍva"dityatideśena svarūpā'bādhenaiva kāryātideśāt. chāndasasūtradvayopanyasanaṃ bhāṣāyāṃ dhāñityādivārtikaviṣayavivecanārtham. iha ca vārtike gamiryadyapi na dṛśyate tathāpi dhātuvṛttau, kvacidvṛttipustake ca darśanādupanyastaḥ. jagmiriti. "gamahanajane"tyupadhālopaḥ. jaghniriti. "abhyāsācce"ti kutvam. * bhāṣāyāṃ dhāñkṛsṛgamijaninamibhyaḥ. dadhiriti. āto lopaḥ. nemiriti. etvābhyāsalopau. * sāsahivāvahicācalipāpatīnāmupasaṅkhyānam. sāsahītyādi. yaṅo'tolopeyalopaḥ. abhyāsadīrghaḥ. nīgabhāvaśceti. "nīgvañcu" ityādinā prāptasya nīgāgamasyā'bhāva ityarthaḥ. tṛṣṇagiti. ḍittvānna guṇaḥ. najiṅa ikāra uccāraṇārthaḥ.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
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