Pāṇini 2.1.36

Grammatical Sūtra: चतुर्थी तदर्थार्थबलिहितसुखरक्षितैः caturthī tadarthārthabalihitasukharakṣitaiḥ Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: caturthī tadarthārthabalihitasukharakṣitaiḥ
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: caturthī tadarthārthabalihitasukharakṣitaiḥ ekā (1.4.1), saṃjñā (1.4.1), sup (2.1.2), samāsaḥ (2.1.3), saha (2.1.4), supā (2.1.4), vibhāṣā (2.1.11), tatpuruṣaḥ (2.1.22)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:2.1.22 (1tatpuruṣaḥ)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

A word ending with the 4th case-affix is compounded with what denotes that which is for the purpose of what ends with the 4th case-affix and so too with the words artha 'on account of,' bali 'a sacrifice,' hita 'salutary,' sukha 'pleasure' and rakshita 'kept,' and the compound is called Tat-purusha. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[A nominal padá 2 ending in 1.1.72] the fourth sUP triplet (caturthī) [optionally 11 combines with a nominal padá 4] (1) signifying something for what is denoted by the prior member (tád-artha) or with (2) ártha- `purpose', (3) balí- `sacrificial offering', (4) hitá- `beneficial', (5) sukhá- `agreeable', and (6) rakṣitá- `reserved, protected' [to form a tatpuruṣá 22 compound 3]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona

1/105:kim caturthyantasya tadarthamātreṇa samāsaḥ bhavati |
2/105:evam bhavitum arhati |
3/105:caturthī tadarthamātreṇa cet sarvaprasaṅgaḥ aviśeṣāt |*
4/105:caturthī tadarthamātreṇa cet sarvaprasaṅgaḥ sarvasya caturthyantasya tadarthamātreṇa saha samāsaḥ prāpnoti |
5/105:anena api prāpnoti |
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1/105:kim caturthyantasya tadarthamātreṇa samāsaḥ bhavati |
2/105:evam bhavitum arhati |
3/105:caturthī tadarthamātreṇa cet sarvaprasaṅgaḥ aviśeṣāt |*
4/105:caturthī tadarthamātreṇa cet sarvaprasaṅgaḥ sarvasya caturthyantasya tadarthamātreṇa saha samāsaḥ prāpnoti |
5/105:anena api prāpnoti |
6/105:randhanāya sthālī avahananāya ulūkhalam iti |
7/105:kim kāraṇam |
8/105:aviśeṣāt |
9/105:na hi kaḥ cit viśeṣaḥ upādīyate evañjātīyakasya caturthyantasya tadarthena saha samāsaḥ bhavati iti |
10/105:anupādīyamane viśeṣe sarvaprasaṅgaḥ |
11/105:balirakṣitābhyām ca anarthakam vacanam |*
12/105:balirakṣitābhyām ca samāsavacanam anarthakam |
13/105:yaḥ hi mahārājāya baliḥ mahārājārthaḥ saḥ bhavati |
14/105:tatra tadarthaḥ iti eva siddham |
15/105:yadi punaḥ vikṛtiḥ caturthyantā prakṛtyā saha samasyate iti etat lakṣaṇam kriyeta |
16/105:vikṛtiḥ prakṛtyā iti cet aśvaghāsādīnām upasaṅkhyānam |*
17/105:vikṛtiḥ prakṛtyā iti cet aśvaghāsādīnām upasaṅkhyānam kartavyam |
18/105:aśvaghāsaḥ śvaśrūsuram hastividhā iti |
19/105:arthena nityasamāsavacanam |*
20/105:arthśabdena nityasamāsaḥ vaktavyaḥ |
21/105:brāhmaṇārtham kṣatriyārtham |
22/105:kim vikṛtiḥ caturthyantā prakṛtyā saha samasyate iti ataḥ arthena nityasamāsaḥ vaktavyaḥ |
23/105:na iti āha sarvathā arthena nityasamāsaḥ vaktavyaḥ vigrahaḥ mā bhūt iti |
24/105:sarvaliṅgatā ca |*
25/105:sarvaliṅgatā ca vaktavyā |
26/105:brāhmaṇārtham payaḥ brāhmaṇārthaḥ sūpaḥ brāhmaṇārthā yavāgūḥ iti |
27/105:kim arthena nityasamāsaḥ ucyate iti ataḥ sarvaliṅgatā vaktavyā |
28/105:na iti āha |
29/105:sarvathā sarvaliṅgatā vaktavyā |
30/105:kim kāraṇam |
31/105:arthaśabdaḥ ayam puṃliṅgaḥ uttarapadārthapradhānaḥ ca tatpuruṣaḥ |
32/105:tena puṃliṅgasya eva samāsasya abhidhānam syāt strīnapuṃsakaliṅgasya na syāt |
33/105:tat tarhi bahu vaktavyam |
34/105:vikṛtiḥ prakṛtyā iti vaktavyam |
35/105:aśvaghāsādīnām upasaṅkhyānam kartavyam |
36/105:arthena nityasamāsaḥ vaktavyaḥ |
37/105:sarvaliṅgatā ca vaktavyā |
38/105:na vaktavyam |
39/105:yat tāvat ucyate vikṛtiḥ prakṛtyā iti vaktavyam |
40/105:na vaktavyam |
41/105:ācāryapravṛttiḥ jñāyapati vikṛtiḥ caturthyantā prakṛtyā saha samasyate iti yat ayam balirakiṣitagrahaṇam karoti |
42/105:katham kṛtvā jñāpakam |
43/105:yathājātīyakānām samāse balirakṣitagrahaṇena arthaḥ tathājātīyakānām samāsaḥ |
44/105:yadi ca vikṛtiḥ caturthyantā prakṛtyā saha samasyate na tadarthamātreṇa tataḥ balirakiṣitagrahaṇam arthavat bhavati |
45/105:yat api ucyate aśvaghāsādīnām upasaṅkhyānam kartavyam iti |
46/105:na kartavyam |
47/105:aśvaghāsādayaḥ ṣaṣṭhīsamāsāḥ bhaviṣyanti |
48/105:yat hi yadartham bhavati ayam api tatra abhisambandhaḥ bhavati asya idam iti |
49/105:tat yathā guroḥ idam gurvartham iti |
50/105:nanu ca svarabhedaḥ bhavati |
51/105:caturthīsamāse sati pūrvapadaprakṛtisvaratvena bhavitavyam ṣaṣṭhīsamāse punaḥ antodāttatvena ṇa asti bhedaḥ |
52/105:caturthīsamāse api sati antodāttatvena eva bhavitavyam |
53/105:katham |
54/105:ācāryapravṛttiḥ jñāpayati vikṛtiḥ caturthyantā prakṛtisvarā bhavati na caturthīmātram iti yat ayam caturthī tadarthe arthe kte ca iti arthagrahaṇam ktagrahaṇam ca karoti |
55/105:katham kṛtvā jñāpakam |
56/105:yathājātīyakānām arthagrahaṇena ktagrahaṇena ca arthaḥ tathājātīyakānām prakṛtisvaratvam |
57/105:yadi ca vikṛtiḥ caturthyantā prakṛtyā bhavati na caturthīmātram tataḥ arthagrahaṇam ktagrahaṇam ca arthavat bhavati |yat api ucyate arthena nityasamāsaḥ vaktavyaḥ iti |
58/105:na vaktavyaḥ |
59/105:sarthappratyayaḥ kariṣyate |
60/105:kim kṛtam bhavati |
61/105:na ca eva hi kadā cit vigrahaḥ bhavati |
62/105:api ca sarvaliṅgatā siddhā bhavati |
63/105:yadi sarthappratayaḥ kriyate itsañjñā na prāpnoti |
64/105:atha api katham cit itsañjñā syāt evam api śryartham bhvartham iti aṅgasya iti iyaṅuvaṅau syātām |
65/105:evam tarhi bahuvrīhiḥ bhavaiṣyati |
66/105:kim kṛtam bhavati |
67/105:bhavati vai kaḥ cit asvapadavigrahaḥ bahuvrīhiḥ |
68/105:tat yathā śobhanam mukham asyāḥ sumukhī iti |
69/105:na evam śakyam |
70/105:iha hi mahadartham iti āttvakapau prasajyetām |
71/105:evam tarhi tadarthasya uttarapadasya arthaśabdaḥ ādeśaḥ kariṣyate |
72/105:kim kṛtam bhavati |
73/105:na ca eva kadā cit ādeśena vigrahaḥ bhavati |
74/105:api ca sarvaliṅgatā siddhā bhavati |
75/105:tat tarhi vaktavyam |
76/105:na vaktavyam |
77/105:yogavibhāgaḥ kariṣyate |
78/105:caturthī subantena saha samasyate |
79/105:tataḥ tadarthārtha |
80/105:tadarthasya uttarapadasya arthaśabdaḥ ādeśaḥ bhavati |
81/105:iha api tarhi samāsaḥ prāpnoti chātrāya rucitam chātrāya svaditam iti |
82/105:ācāryapravṛttiḥ jñāpayati tādarthye ya caturthī sā samasyate na caturthīmātram iti yat ayam hitasukhagrahaṇam karoti |
83/105:katham kṛtvā jñāpakam |
84/105:yathājātīyakānām samāse hitasukhagrahaṇena arthaḥ tathājātīyakānam samāsaḥ |
85/105:yadi ca tādarthye yā caturthī sā samasyate na caturthīmātram tataḥ hitasukhagrahaṇam arthavat bhavati |
86/105:iha api tarhi tadarthasya uttarapadasya arthaśabdaḥ ādeśaḥ prāpnoti |
87/105:yūpāya dāru yūpadāru rathadāru |
88/105:vāvacanam vidhāsyate |
89/105:iha api tarhi vibhāṣā prāprnoti |
90/105:brāhmaṇāṛtham kṣatriyārtham iti |
91/105:evam tarhi ācāryapravṛttiḥ jñāpayati prakṛtivikṛtyoḥ yaḥ samāsaḥ tatra tadarthasya uttarapadasya arthaśabdaḥ ādeśaḥ bhavati anyatra nityaḥ iti yat ayam balihitagrahaṇam karoti |
92/105:evam tarhi udakārthaḥ vīvadhaḥ |
93/105:sthānivadbhāvāt udabhāvaḥ prāpnoti |
94/105:tasmāt na evam śakyam |
95/105:na cet evam arthena nityasamāsaḥ vaktavyaḥ sarvaliṅgatā ca |
96/105:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
97/105:idam tāvat ayam praṣṭavyaḥ |
98/105:atha iha brāhmaṇebhyaḥ iti kā eṣā caturthī |
99/105:tādarthye iti āha |
100/105:yadi tādarthye caturthī arthaśabdasya prayogeṇa na bhavitavyam uktārthānām aprayogaḥ iti |
101/105:samāsaḥ api tarhi na prāpnoti |
102/105:vacanāt samāsaḥ bhaviṣyati |
103/105:yat api ucyate sarvaliṅgatā ca vaktavyā iti |
104/105:na vaktavyā |
105/105:liṅgam aśiṣyam lokāśrayatvāt liṅgasya |

Kielhorn/Abhyankar (I,388.6-390.19) Rohatak (II,598-603)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: sup supā iti vartate. tasya viśeṣaṇam etat. tatiti sarvanāmnā caturthyantasya ar See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: pañcamī bhayena 2.1.37 sup supā iti vartate. tasya viśeṣaṇam etat. pañcamyantaṃ See More

Nyāsa²: pañcamī bhayena. , 2.1.36 "bhayabhītabhītibhībhiriti vaktavyam" iti. e See More

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī¹: caturthyantārthāya yat tadvācinā arthādibhiśca caturthyaṃntaṃ vā prāgvat. yūpāy Sū #930 See More

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī²: pañcamī bhayena 931, 2.1.36 corādbhayaṃ corabhayam॥

Bālamanoramā²: pañcamī bhayena 690, 2.1.36 pañcamī bhayena. pañcamyantaṃ bhayaśabdena subantena See More

Tattvabodhinī¹: caturthī tadathārtha. tacchabdena prakṛtā caturthī parāmṛśyate, pratyayagrahama Sū #611 See More

caturthī tadathārtha. tacchabdena prakṛtā caturthī parāmṛśyate, pratyayagrahamam, catuthryantena sāmathryāttadartho lakṣyate ityāśayenāha–catuthryantārthaya yaditi. catuthryantavācyāya yūpāya yaddārvādi, tadvācinā catuthryantaṃ samasyata ityarthaḥ. balirakṣitagrahaṇāditi. hitasukhagrahaṇaṃ tu na jñāpakaṃ, tagyoge caturthī cāśiṣītyatādarthye'pi caturthīsamabhavāditi bhāvaḥ. nanu `caturthī cāśiṣī'ti vahitā yā caturthī tadantasya samāso na bhavati, samāsādāśiṣo'navagamāditi kecidāhuriti kaiyaṭenoktam.tataśca tatpakṣe hitasukhagrahaṇamapi balurakṣitagrahaṇavajjñāpakameveti cet, atra navyāḥ–`brāāhṛṇahitam. gohitam. gosukhamityatādathryacatuthryantenāpi samā4saḥ svīkriyate. sā cā'tādathryacaturthī `hitayoge ce'ti vārtikā `caturthī tadarthe' tyādinā hitasuokhaśabdābhyāṃ samāsavidhānajjñāpakādvā sambhavatīti hitasukhagrahaṇaṃ na jñāpakamiti samyagevetyāhuḥ. yūpāyeti. tādarthye caturthī. evamagre'pi yathāsaṃbhavamūhram. a\ufffdāghāsādaya iti. etacca bhāṣyakṛtoktam. nanvevaṃ `randhanāya sthālī' tyatrāpi ṣaṣṭhīsamāsaḥ syādeveti prakṛti vikṛtibhāva eveti niyamo niṣpala eva. na ca svare viśeṣaḥ, `caturthī tadarthe'iti pūrvapadakṛtisvarasyāpi prakṛti vikṛtabhāva eveṣyamāṇatvāt. atrāhuḥ– `saṃbandhatvātādathryakṛtavailakṣaṇyenoktaniyamasāphalyānna doṣaḥ. atra ca mānametadeva bhāṣyam. `na māṣāṇāmaśrīyāt', `dāśarathāya maithilī'tyādiprayogā apītthameva vivakṣābhedena nirvāhrāḥ. evaṃca `pūrvasadṛśe'ti sūtre sadṛśagrahaṇaṃ vyarthamiti kaiyaṭaharadattādīnāmuktiḥ prāmādikītyavadheyam. śābdabodhakṛtavailakṣaṇyasya tatrāpi sattvāditi.\r\narthe nityasamāso viśṣeyaliṅgatā ceti vaktavyam. arthena nityeti. anyathā vibhāṣādhikārātpakṣe `dvijāyārtha'iti prayogaḥ syāditi bhāvaḥ. viśeṣyaliṅgatā ceti. vacanā'bhāve tvarthaśabdasya nityapuṃstvāt `paravalliṅga'miti sarvatra pum̐lliṅgaprayoga eva syāditi bhāvaḥ.

Tattvabodhinī²: pañcamī bhayena 612, 2.1.36 pañcamī bhayena. bhayeneti svarūpagrahaṇaṃ, nārthasy See More

1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
2.Source: Sanskrit Documents

Examples²:

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