Pāṇini 1.4.58

Grammatical Sūtra: प्रादयः prādayaḥ Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: prādayaḥ
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: prādayaḥ ekā (1.4.1), saṃjñā (1.4.1), nipātāḥ (1.4.56), asattve (1.4.57)
Compounds²: pra ādiryeṣāṃ te prādayaḥ, bahuvrīhiḥ।
Type of Rule: saṃjñā
Preceding adhikāra rule:1.4.56 (1prāgrīśvarān nipātāḥ)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

The words pra &c., are called Nipâta when not signifying substances. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[The t.t. 1 nipātá 56] denotes the class of (preverbs or prepositions 59) beginning with prá-° `forth'. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Items enumerated in the list headed by pra are termed nipāta ‘particle’ when they do not denote sattva ‘thing’ Source: Courtesy of Dr. Rama Nath Sharma ©

Asattvavācinaḥ prādayo nipātasaṃjñakā bhavanti, te ca prādayaḥ kriyāyoge upasargasaṃjñakāśca bhavanti। Source: Sanskrit Documents

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 1.4.56

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: prā'dayo 'sattve nipatasaṃjñā bhavanti. pra. parā. apa. sam. anu. ava. nis. nir. See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: prā'dayaḥ 1.4.58 prā'dayo 'sattve nipatasaṃjñā bhavanti. pra. parā. apa. sam. a See More

Nyāsa²: upasargāḥ kriyāyoge. , 1.4.58 "praṇayati" iti. praśabdasyopasargatvāt See More

upasargāḥ kriyāyoge. , 1.4.58 "praṇayati" iti. praśabdasyopasargatvāt "upasargādasamāse'pi ṇopadeśasya" 8.4.14 iti ṇatvam. "pranāyako deśaḥ" iti. atranayanakriyayā praśabdasya yogo nāstītyupasargasaṃjñā na bhavati. nanu cātrāpi gamikriyayā yogo'styeveti syādeva tasyopasargasaṃjñā, netadasti; kriyāyogagrahaṇaṃ hrevamanarthakaṃ syāt. katham? prādīnāṃ kriyāyogāvyabhicārāt; tasmāt kriyāyogagrahaṇasāmathryādyaṃ prati kriyāyuktāḥ prādayastaṃ prati gatuyapasargasaṃjñakā bhavanti, nānyaṃ prati. na ceha nayanakriyayā yuktaḥ praśabdaḥ, kiṃ tarhi? gamikriyayeti nayatiṃ pratyupasargasaṃjñako na bhavati. "marucchabdasyopasaṃkhyānam" iti. tatvavidhāviti. śeṣaḥ; anyathā hi "nipātā ādyudāttāḥ" (phi.sū.4.80) "upasargāścābhivarjam" (phi.sū.4.81) ityādyudāttatvamapi syāt. antodāttaśceṣyate marucchabdaḥ. upasaṃkhyānaśabdasya pratipādanamarthaḥ; marucchabdasyopasargasaṃjñāyāḥ pratipādanaṃ kartavyamityarthaḥ. tatredaṃ pratipādanam-- "upasargāḥ" iti yogavibhāgaḥ kriyate. atra ca "prādayaḥ" iti nābhisambadhyate. tena marucchabdasya tatvavidhāvupasargasaṃjñā bhavatīti. ata eva yogavibhāgāt śracchabdasyāṅavidhāvantaḥ śabdasyāṅgividhiṇatveṣūpasargasaṃjñā bhavatīti veditavyam. yogavibhāgasyedaṃ liṅgam "prajñāśraddhārcāvṛttibhyo ṇaḥ" 5.2.100, "tiro'ntardhau" 1.4.70 iti ca nirdeśaḥ. tataḥ "kriyāyoge" iti dvitīyo yogaḥ. atra ca "prādayaḥ" iti sambadhyate. kimarthamidam? pūrveṇaiva siddhamiti pūrvayogasyāsarvaviṣayatvājñāpanārtham, tena nātiprasaṅagaḥ. prādīnāmakriyāyoga upasargasaṃjñā mā bhūdityevamarthañca. "maruttaḥ" iti. "aca upasargāttaḥ" 7.4.47 iti ktapratyaye kṛte dvitakāranirdeśāddavāteḥ sarvādeśaḥ. nanu casatyāmupasargasaṃjñayāṃ karucchabdasyānajantatvāt tatvena na bhavitavyamityata āha-- "saṃjñāvidhāna sāmathryāt" ityādi. yathā hrupasaraja ityatra ḍitkaraṇasāmathryādabhasyāpi ṭilopo bhavati, tathehāpyanajantādapi tatvaṃ bhaviṣyati; anyathā hīdaṃ vacanamapārthakaṃ syāt. marucchabdasyopasargasaṃjñāyā anyakāryābhāvāditi bhāvaḥ. "śracchabdasyopasaṃkhyānam" iti. atrāpyupasaṃkhyānaśabdasya sa evārthaḥ. pratipādanamapi tadeva. nanu ca bhidādipāṭhādeva hi śraddheti siddham;tatkathaṃ tatsiddhaye śracchabdasyopasargasaṃjñā kriyate? evaṃ manyate- anārṣastatra pāṭha iti॥

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī¹: ete'pi tathā.. Sū #54

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī²: prādayaḥ 54, 1.4.58 ete'pi tathā॥

Siddhāntakaumudī¹: adravyārthāḥ prādayastathā ॥ Sū #21

Bālamanoramā¹: prādayaḥ. asattva ityanuvartate, nipātā iti ca. tadāha–adravyeti. tatheti. nipā Sū #23 See More

Bālamanoramā²: prādayaḥ 23, 1.4.58 prādayaḥ. asattva ityanuvartate, nipātā iti ca. tadāha--adra See More

1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
2.Source: Sanskrit Documents

Examples²:

pra, parā, apa, sam, anu, ava, nis, nir, dus, dur, vi, āṅ, ni, adhi, api, ati, su, ut, abhi, prati, pari, upa॥
kriyāyoge - praṇayati, pariṇayati, praṇāyakaḥ।

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