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| abhiṣṭi | m. (s-t/i-,fr.1. as- see 1. plural s-m/as-,etc.) an assistant, protector ["one who is superior or victorious" ], (generally said of indra-)  |
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| abhitṛd | -tṛṇatti- (Imper. 2. sg. -tṛndhi-[for tṛnd-dhi-]; Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. -t/ardas- ) to burst open, open, procure (waters) by bursting (the clouds) or by boring (id est digging a well) etc. ; to procure (v/ājam-, v/ājān-, g/āḥ-, gandharv/am-) ; annādyam-, etc. etc.: Desiderative (subjunctive 3. plural -t/itṛtsān-) to try to open |
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| āḍi | f. (equals āt/i- q.v) Name of an aquatic bird |
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| aṃhiti | f. a gift, donation See aṃhat/i-. |
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| apān | ( an-), apāniti-, or apānati- ([ ]) to breathe out, expire ; pr. p. apān/at- mf(t/ī-)n. breathing out |
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| apratā | (Ved. locative case fr. prat/i-) ind. without recompense, for nothing |
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| apratirūpa | mf(ā-)n. odious, disagreeable (For 1.See a-prat/i-.) |
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| as | cl.2 P. /asti- (2. sg. /asi-,1. sg. /asmi-; plural sm/asi-or sm/as-, sth/a-, s/anti-;(rarely A1. exempli gratia, 'for example' 1.pl. smahe- ); subjunctive /asat-;Imper. astu-,2. sg. edhi-(fr. as-dhi- confer, compare ); Potential sy/āt-; imperfect tense /āsīt-,rarely ās-[only in ; confer, compare ]; perf. 1. and 3.sg, /āsa-,2. sg. /āsitha-,3. plural ās/uḥ-; parasmE-pada m. s/at- f. sat/ī-) to be, live, exist, be present ; to take place, happen ; to abide, dwell, stay ; to belong to (genitive case or dative case) ; to fall to the share of. happen to any one (genitive case) ; to be equal to (dative case) ; to turn out, tend towards any result, prove (with dative case) ; to become etc., (confer, compare ) ; to be (id est used as copula, but not only with adjective (cf. mfn.),but also with adverb [ exempli gratia, 'for example' tūṣṇīm āsīt- ],and often with participle,[ exempli gratia, 'for example' perf. Passive voice parasmE-pada prasthitāḥ sma- ; future past participle hantavyo 'smi- ; fut.p. especially with Potential,and only in y/adi dāsy/an-t-sy/āt-,"if he should intend to give"];the perfect tense āsa-helps to form the periphrastic perf. , and asmi-etc. the future); ([ confer, compare Greek Latin es-t; Gothic is-t; Lithuanian es-ti.]) |
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| āti | f. ( at- commentator or commentary) an aquatic bird (varia lectio āt/ī- ) ([ confer, compare ADiand Latin anas,anati-s]) |
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| ātī | See āt/i-. |
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| avastṝ | P. -stṛṇāti- (1. sg. -stṛṇāmi- ind.p. -st/īrya-) to strew, scatter ; (perf. -tastāra-) to scatter over, cover with (instrumental case) : A1. (perf. -tastare-) to penetrate (as a sound) |
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| avatṝ | cl.1 P. -tarati- (perf. -tatāra-,3. plural -teruḥ-;Inf. -taritum-[ exempli gratia, 'for example' ]or -tartum-[ exempli gratia, 'for example' ]; ind.p. -tīrya-) to descend into (locative case or accusative), alight from, alight (ablative) ; to descend (as a deity) in becoming incarnate ; to betake one's self to (accusative), arrive at ; to make one's appearance, arrive ; to be in the right place, to fit ; to undertake: Vedic or Veda cl.6 P. (Imper. 2. sg. -tira-; imperfect tense -/atirat-,2. sg. -/atiras-,2. dual number -atiratam-; Aorist 2. sg. -tārīs-) to overcome, overpower : Ved. cl.4. (parasmE-pada fem. -t/īyatī-) to sink : Causal -tārayati- (ind.p. -tārya-) to make or let one descend, bring or fetch down (accusative or locative case) from (ablative) etc. ; to take down, take off, remove, turn away from (ablative ) ; "to set a-going, render current" See ava-tārita- below ; to descend(?) |
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| bhikṣārthin | (kṣārth/in-) mfn. asking for alms, a beggar or mendicant |
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| bṛhat | mf(at/ī-)n. (in later language usually written vṛhat-) lofty, high, tall, great, large, wide, vast, abundant, compact, solid, massy, strong, mighty etc. |
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| bṛhat | mf(at/ī-)n. full-grown, old |
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| bṛhat | mf(at/ī-)n. extended or bright (as a luminous body) |
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| bṛhat | mf(at/ī-)n. clear, loud (said of sounds) |
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| bṛhatīka | mfn. See bṛhat/ī-. |
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| citi | f. an oblong with quadrangular sides (see idhma--; amṛta--and ṛṣi-cit/i-.) |
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| citti | 2. citt/i-. See 4. cit- and 6. cit-. |
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| danti | for t/in- q.v |
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| dvitīyavat | (t/īya-v-) mfn. having a second or companion, accompanied by (instrumental case) |
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| ekona | mfn. less by one, minus one (used in compound with viṃśati-and the succeeding decade numerals, thus ekonaviṃśati -viṃśat/i- f.nineteen etc.) |
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| gādhin | m. (equals gāth/in-) Name of viśvā-mitra-'s father (king of kānyakubja-) |
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| gavyūti | f. (g/av--) ( Va1rtt.2 f.) a pasture, piece of pasture land, district, place of residence (see a--, ur/u--, dūr/e--, paro--, svast/i--) |
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| gomatī | f. (go-mat/ī-) Name of a river falling into the indu-s |
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| grantha | m. equals th/i-, a knot (varia lectio) |
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| hiraṇyatejas | n. equals -jyot/is- |
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| jīvanī | f. Name of several plants (jīvant/ī-, kākoli-, doḍī-, medā-, mahā-medā-, yūthī-) (see /a--; puruṣa-j/īv-.) |
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| jri | or jrī- (= jṝ-) cl.1.9.10. jrayat/i-, jriṇāti-, jrāyayati-, to grow old (varia lectio) |
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| jūrṇi | f. (for jūt/i-) speed |
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| jyotīratha | mfn. (t/ī--) one whose chariot is light |
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| jyotis | n. light (of the sun, dawn, fire, lightning, etc.;also plural), brightness (of the sky) etc. (tr/īṇi jy/otīṃṣi-,light appearing in the 3 worlds, viz. on earth, in the intermediate region, and in the sky or heaven [the last being called uttam/a- ;or /uttara-, ;or tṛt/īya- ] ;also personified as"fire"on earth,"ether or air"in the intermediate region, and"sun"in the sky ;"fire, sun and moon") |
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| khālatya | n. (fr. khalat/i-), morbid baldness |
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| khalliṭa | mfn. (equals khalat/i-) bald |
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| kīrtti | f. incorrectly for kīrt/i-. |
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| kḷpti | f. preparation, making or becoming conformable, accomplishment (kḷpt/i-, ) |
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| kṛ | Ved. (I) cl.2 P. 2. sg. k/arṣi- dual number kṛth/as- plural kṛth/a-; A1. 2. sg. kṛṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. /akar-, 3. sg. rarely /akat- () ; 3. dual number /akartām-; plural /akarma-, /akarta- (also ), /akran- (Aorist,according to ); A1. /akri- (), /akṛthās- (), /akṛta- (); akrātām- (), /akrata- ( ) : imperative kṛdh/i- (also ), kṛt/am-, kṛt/a-; A1. kṛṣv/a-, kṛdhv/am-; subjunctive 2. and 3. sg. kar- plural k/arma-, k/arta- and kartana-, kran-; A1. 3. sg. kṛta- () , 3. plural kr/anta- () : Potential kriyāma- (); pr. p. P. (Nominal verb plural) kr/antas- A1. krāṇ/a-. (II) cl.1 P. k/arasi-, k/arati-, k/arathas-, k/aratas-, k/aranti-; A1. k/arase-, k/arate-, k/arāmahe-: imperfect tense /akaram-, /akaras-, /akarat- (Aorist,according to ) : imperative k/ara-, k/aratam-, k/aratām-: subjunctive k/aram-, k/arāṇi-, k/aras-, k/arat-, k/arāma-, k/aran-; A1. karāmahai-; pr. p. f. k/arantī- () (III) cl.5 P. kṛṇ/omi-, ṇ/oṣi-, ṇ/oti-, kṛṇuth/as-, kṛṇm/as- and kṛṇmasi-, kṛṇuth/a-, kṛṇv/anti-; A1. kṛṇv/e-, kṛṇuṣ/e-, kṛṇut/e-, 3. dual number kṛṇv/aite- (); plural kṛṇm/ahe-, kṛṇv/ate-: imperfect tense /akṛṇos-, /akṛṇot-, /akṛṇutam-, /akṛṇuta- and ṇotana- (), /akṛṇvan-; A1. 3. sg. /akṛṇuta- plural /akṛṇudhvam-, /akṛṇvata-: imperative kṛṇ/u- or kṛṇuh/i- or kṛṇut/āt-, kṛṇ/otu-, kṛṇut/am-, kṛṇut/ām-, 2. plural kṛṇut/a- or kṛṇ/ota- or kṛṇ/otana-, 3. plural kṛṇv/antu-; A1. kṛṇuṣv/a-, kṛṇut/ām-, kṛṇv/āthām-, kṛṇudhv/am-: subjunctive kṛṇ/avas-, ṇ/avat- or ṇ/avāt-, kṛṇ/avāva-, ṇ/avāma-, ṇ/avātha-, ṇ/avatha-, ṇ/avan-; A1. kṛṇ/avai- (once ṇavā- ), kṛṇavase- (also varia lectio ṇvase-), kṛṇavate-, kṛṇ/avāvahai-, kṛṇ/avāmahai-, 3. plural kṛṇ/avanta- () or kṛṇavante- or kṛṇvata- () : Potential A1. kṛṇvīt/a-; pr. p. P. kṛṇv/at- (f. vat/ī-) A1. kṛṇvāṇ/a-. (IV) cl.8. (this is the usual formation in the brāhmaṇa-s; sūtra-s, and in classical Sanskrit) P. kar/omi- (Epic kurmi- ); kurv/as-, kuruth/as-, kurut/as-, kurm/as- ([ kulmas-in an interpolation after ]), kuruth/a-, kurv/anti-; A1. kurv/e-, etc., 3. plural kurv/ate- () : imperfect tense akaravam-, akaros-, akarot-, akurva-, etc.; A1. 3. sg. akuruta- plural akurvata-: imperative kuru-, karotu- (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. kurutāt-,3. sg. also ), kuruta- or kurutana- (); A1. kuruṣva-, kurudhvam-, kurv/atām-: subjunctive karavāṇi-, karavas-, vāt-, vāva- or vāvas- ( ), vāma- or vāmas- (), vātha-, van-; A1. karavai-, kuruthās-, karavāvahai- (; he- ), karavaithe-, vaite- ( , ), vāmahai-(he- ) : Potential P. kuryām- A1. kurvīya- (); pr. p. P. kurv/at- (f. vat/ī-); A1. kurvāṇ/a-: perf. P. cak/āra-, cak/artha-, cakṛv/a-, cakṛm/a-, cakr/a- (); A1. cakr/e-, cakrir/e-; parasmE-pada cakṛvas- (accusative cakr/uṣam- ); A1. cakrāṇa- () : 2nd future kariṣy/ati-; subjunctive 2. sg. kariṣy/ās- (); 1st future k/artā-: preceding kriyāsam-: Aorist P. Ved. cakaram- (), acakrat- (), /acakriran- (); A1. 1. sg. kṛske- (); Class. akārṣīt- ( ;once akāraṣīt- ); Passive voice Aorist reflex. akāri- and akṛta- ( ) : infinitive mood k/artum-, Ved. k/artave-, k/artav/ai-, k/artos- (See ss.vv.); ind.p. kṛtv/ā-, Ved. kṛtv/ī- ([ ]) and kṛtv/āya- ([ ]) ; to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake etc. ; to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to execute, carry out (as an order or command) ; to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build ; to form or construct one thing out of another (ablative or instrumental case) etc. ; to employ, use, make use of (instrumental case) etc. ; to compose, describe ; to cultivate (confer, compare ) ; to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (exempli gratia, 'for example' varṣāṇi daśa cakruḥ-,"they spent ten years"; kṣaṇaṃ kuru-,"wait a moment"; confer, compare kritakṣaṇa-) ; to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (accusative or locative case or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' ardh/aṃ-kṛ-,to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in(genitive case;See 2. ardh/a-); haste-or pāṇau-kṛ-,to take by the hand, marry ; hṛdayena-kṛ-,to place in one's heart, love ; hṛdi-kṛ-,to take to heart, mind, think over, consider ; manasi-kṛ- idem or 'f. (equals kuhī-) a fog ' ;to determine, purpose [ ind.p. si-kṛtvā-or si-kṛtya-] ; vaśe-kṛ-,to place in subjection, become master of ) ; to direct the thoughts, mind, etc. (m/anas-[ etc.] or buddhim-[ ] or matim-[ ]or bhāvam-[ ], etc.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (locative case dative case infinitive mood,or a sentence with iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' mā śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ-,do not turn your mind to grief ; gamanāya matiṃ cakre-,he resolved upon going ; alābuṃ samutsraṣṭuṃ manaś cakre-,he resolved to create a gourd ; draṣṭā tavāsmīti matiṃ cakāra-,he determined to see him ) ; to think of (accusative) ; to make, render (with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' ādityaṃ kāṣṭhām akurvata-,they made the sun their goal ) etc. ; to procure for another, bestow, grant (with genitive case or locative case) etc. ; A1. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume ; to give aid, help any one to get anything (dative case) ; to make liable to (dative case) ; to injure, violate (exempli gratia, 'for example' kanyāṃ-kṛ-,to violate a maiden) ; to appoint, institute ; to give an order, commission ; to cause to get rid of, free from (ablative or -tas-) ; to begin (exempli gratia, 'for example' cakre śobhayitum purīm-,they began to adorn the city) ; to proceed, act, put in practice etc. ; to worship, sacrifice ; to make a sound (svaram-or śabdam-) ( ), utter, pronounce (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' with the sounds phaṭ-, phut-, bhāṇ-, v/aṣaṭ-, svadh/ā-, sv/āhā-, hiṃ-), pronounce any formula () ; (with numeral adverbs ending in dhā-) to divide, separate or break up into parts (exempli gratia, 'for example' dvidhā-kṛ-,to divide into two parts, ind.p. dvidhā kṛtvā-or dvidhā-kṛtya-or -kāram- ; sahasradhā-kṛ-,to break into a thousand pieces) ; (with adverbs ending in vat-) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (exempli gratia, 'for example' rājyaṃ tṛṇa-vat kṛtvā-,valuing the kingdom like a straw ) ; (with adverbs ending in sāt-) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (See ātma-sāt-, bhasma-sāt-) The above senses of kṛ- may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: sakhyaṃ-kṛ-, to contract friendship with ; pūjāṃ-kṛ-, to honour ; rājyaṃ-kṛ-, to reign ; snehaṃ-kṛ-, to show affection ; ājñāṃ- or nideśaṃ- or śāsanaṃ- or kāmaṃ- or yācanāṃ- or vacaḥ- or vacanaṃ- or vākyaṃ-kṛ-, to perform any one's command or wish or request etc. ; dharmaṃ-kṛ-, to do one's duty ; nakhāni-kṛ-,"to clean one's nails" See kṛta-nakha- ; udakaṃ- ([ ]) or salilaṃ- ([ ]) kṛ-, to offer a libation of Water to the dead ; to perform ablutions ; astrāṇi-kṛ-, to practise the use of weapons ; darduraṃ-kṛ-, to breathe the flute ; daṇḍaṃ-kṛ-, to inflict punishment etc. ; kālaṃ-kṛ-, to bring one's time to an end id est to die ; ciraṃ-kṛ-, to be long in doing anything, delay ; manasā- (for si-See above) kṛ-, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate ; śirasā-kṛ-, to place on one's the head ; mūrdhnā-kṛ-, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in veda- () , but commonly in the brāhmaṇa-s, sūtra-s, and especially in classical Sanskrit the perf. forms cakāra-and cakre- auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives exempli gratia, 'for example' āsāṃ cakre-,"he sat down" ; gamay/āṃ cakāra-,"he caused to go"[see ;in veda- some other forms of kṛ-are used in a similar way, viz. proper karoti- ; imperfect tense akar- and ;3. plural akran- and ; preceding kriyāt- (See );according to , also karotu-with vid-]. Causal kārayati-, te-, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double accusative instrumental case and accusative [see ] exempli gratia, 'for example' sabhāṃ kāritavān-,he caused an assembly to be made ; rāja-darśanaṃ māṃ kāraya-,cause me to have an audience of the king; vāṇijyaṃ kārayed vaiśyam-,he ought to cause the vaiśya- to engage in trade ; na śakṣyāmi kiṃcit kārayituṃ tvayā-,I shall not be able to have anything done by thee ) ; to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate etc. ; to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, etc. (exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ citrapaṭaṃ vāsa-gṛhe bhittāv akārayat-,he had the picture placed on the wall in his house ) . Sometimes the Causal of kṛ- is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (exempli gratia, 'for example' padaṃ kārayati-,he pronounces a word ; mithyā k-,he pronounces wrongly ; kaikeyīm anu rājānaṃ kāraya-,treat or deal with kaikeyī- as the king does ) : Desiderative c/ikīrṣati- (Aorist 2. sg. acikīrṣīs- ) , Epic also te-, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after etc. ; to wish to sacrifice or worship : Intensive 3. plural karikrati- (pr. p. k/arikrat-See ), to do repeatedly ; Class. carkarti- or carikarti- or carīkarti- ([ ]) , also carkarīti- or carikarīti- or carīkarīti- or cekrīyate- ([ib. Scholiast or Commentator ]); ([ confer, compare Hibernian or Irish caraim,"I perform, execute";ceard,"an art, trade, business, function";sucridh,"easy"; Old German karawan,"to prepare"; modern German gar,"prepared (as food)"; Latin creo,ceremonia;, .]) |
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| kṛ | cl.3 P. parasmE-pada cakr/at- (Potential 2. sg. cakriyās-; Aorist 1. sg. akārṣam-[ ] or akāriṣam-[ ]) , to make mention of, praise, speak highly of (genitive case) : Intensive (1. sg. carkarmi-,1. plural carkirāma-,3. plural carkiran-; imperative 2. sg. carkṛt/āt-and carkṛdhi-; Aorist 3. sg. A1. c/arkṛṣe-) idem or 'mfn. (proper Passive voice p.) being done etc.' (see kār/u-, kīr/i-, kīrt/i-.) |
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| kṛt | cl.7 P. kṛṇ/atti- (imperfect tense 3. plural /akṛntan-), to twist threads, spin = () ; to wind (as a snake) (pr. p. f. kṛntat/ī-) ; to surround, encompass, attire |
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| kṣaita | m. (fr. 2. kṣit/i-), the chief of a race, prince |
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| kṣaya | m. (equals kṣit/i-) family, race |
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| kṣiti | f. an abode, dwelling, habitation, house (see also uru--and su-kṣit/i-, dhruv/a-.) |
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| kṣiti | f. estates (see uru--and su-kṣit/i-, dhāray/at--, dhruv/a--, bhava--, raṇa--, samara--.) |
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| kṣiti | f. equals kṣiti-kṣama- (sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. kṣit/i-) |
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| mahābārhata | mfn. (fr. -bṛhat/i-) "a kind of metre" |
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| mahat | mfn. (originally pr. p. of1. mah-;strong form, mahānt- f. mahat/ī-;in Epic often mahat-for mahāntam-; in the beginning of a compound mostly mahā- q.v) great (in space, time, quantity or degree) id est large, big, huge, ample, extensive, long, abundant, numerous, considerable, important, high, eminent etc. etc. (also ind.in mahad-bhū-,to become great or full [said of the moon] ) |
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| mahat | n. advanced state or time (mahat/i rātriyai-or rātryai-,in the middle of the night ) |
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| manthā | See math/in-, . |
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| manthan | form of the strongest cases of math/in- |
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| manthi | in compound for manth/in-. |
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| manthiśocis | (manth/i--) mfn. sparkling like mixed soma- |
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| māta | m. (for 1.See;for 3. under 2. mātṛ-,) metron. fr. mat/i- |
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| mathi | (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; see ) See urā--, vastra-- and havir-m/athi- (mathīn/ān- wrong reading for matīn/ām-; see math/in-). |
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| mathin | m. (strong stem, m/anthan-,older m/anthā-; middle math/in-or math/i-[q.v.]; sg. Nominal verb m/anthās- accusative m/anthām-[for mantkānam-See manthāna-under manth-]; instrumental case math/ā- dual number math/ibhyām- plural math/ibhyas-etc.[ see pathin-and ] ; for mathīn/ām-See mathi-above) a churning-stick, any stick or staff for stirring or churning etc. |
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| mith | cl.1 P. A1. (see ) m/ethati-, te- (pr. p. f. mithat/ī- ; perfect tense mimetha- ; ind.p. mithitvā- ), to unite, pair, couple, meet (as friend or antagonist), alternate, engage in altercation ; (A1.) to dash together (according to to also"to understand"or"to kill") . |
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| mithatyā | ind. alternately, emulously (according to to and others instrumental case of mithat/i-hiṃsā-). |
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| napātī | f. ( Nominal verb t/is-) daughter, granddaughter (plural often figuratively"the fingers, hands"etc.) |
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| navatikā | f. (fr. navat/i-) a paint-brush containing 90 hairs |
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| navatiprakrama | (t/i--) mf(ā-)n. 90 steps long |
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| paṅktirādhas | (kt/i--) mfn. containing fivefold (or numbers of) gifts |
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| pathin | m. (strong stem p/anthan-,older p/anthā-;middle path/i-;weak path-; sg. p/anthās-(Nominal verb vocative case), p/anthānam-[ p/anthām- ]; path/ā-, th/e-, th/as-, th/i-; dual number p/anthānau-, path/ibhyām-, path/os-; plural p/anthānas-[ p/anthās-, thāsas- ; path/ayas- ]; path/as-[ pāth/as- , perhaps genitive case sg.?]; path/ibhis-, bhyas-; path/ām-[ thīn/ām- ]; path/iṣu-; see ) a way, path, road, course (literally and figuratively; panthānaṃ-dā-,with genitive case to cede the way to; pathānena-,"in this way or manner", pathi ni-as-See under ny-as-) etc. |
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| pīthi | m. a horse (see pīt/i-). |
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| plāta | m. patronymic fr. plat/i- |
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| prabhuj | (only pr. p. -bhuñjat/ī-), to befriend, protect (?) |
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| prācīnāpavītin | mfn. equals nāvīt/in- (q.v) |
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| prācīnāvavītin | mfn. equals nāvīt/in- (q.v) |
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| prācīnāvīta | mfn. equals nāvīt/in- |
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| pratīcya | n. a designation of anything remote or concealed (perhaps wrong reading for prat/ītya-). |
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| pratiprati | mf(t/inī-)n. being a counter-part, counter-balancing |
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| pratiprati | mf(t/inī-)n. being a match for, equal to (accusative) |
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| pratṝ | P. A1. -tarati-, te- (Ved. also -tirati-, te-; infinitive mood -t/iram-), to go to sea, pass over, cross etc. ; to set out, start ; (A1.) to rise, thrive, prosper ; to raise, elevate, augment, increase, further, promote ; to extend, prolong (especially with /āyus-,"to promote long life"; A1."to live on, live longer") : Causal -tārayati- (Aorist prātītarat-), to extend, widen ; to prolong (life) ; to mislead, take in, deceive ; to lead astray, seduce, persuade to (dative case or locative case) |
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| pratyañc | mfn. (Nominal verb praty/aṅ-. prat/īcī-, pratīc/ī-[and pratyañcī- ]; praty/ak-) turned towards, facing (accusative) |
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| pratyavado | P. -dāt/i-, or -dyati-, to divide again |
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| pratyavaruh | P. -rohati-, to come down again, descend from (ablative), alight upon (accusative) ; to descend (from a seat, chariot etc.) in honour of (accusative) ; to celebrate the festival called pratyavarohaṇa- : Causal -ropayat/i-, to bring down from, deprive of (ablative or instrumental case) |
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| rathī | mfn. (Nominal verb sg. m.and f. rath/īs-; accusative sg. rathy/am- plural rathy/as-) going or fighting in a chariot (as substantive = a carriage-driver, charioteer, car-fighter, champion, hero, leader, lord) |
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| rathin | mfn. possessing or going in a chariot or carriage, fighting in a war-chariot (superl. th/i-tama-) etc. |
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| rathītama | (rath/ī--) mfn. driving or fighting best in a chariot, chief of charioteers |
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| rathītara | mfn. (rath/ī--) a better or superior charioteer |
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| sakthi | n. (derivation doubtful;the base sakth/an-[fr. which accusative plural sakthāni- ] appears in later language only in the weakest cases exempli gratia, 'for example' sg. instrumental case sakthn/ā- genitive case ablative sakthn/as- locative case sakth/ani-,or sakthn/i- see ;there occurs also Nominal verb accusative dual number sakthy/au-[ ] formed fr. a fem. base sakth/ī-), the thigh, thigh-bone |
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| śakti | ś/akti- or śakt/i- f. power, ability, strength, might, effort, energy, capability (śaktyā-or ātma-ś-or sva-ś-,"according to ability"; paraṃ śaktyā-,"with all one's might"; vitta-śaktyā-,"according to the capability of one's property"; śaktim a-hāpayitvā-,"not relaxing one's efforts, exerting all one's strength") , faculty, skill, capacity for, power over (genitive case locative case dative case,or infinitive mood) etc. |
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| samitiṃgama | (t/iṃ--) mfn. assisting a council |
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| samitiṃjaya | mfn. (t/iṃ--) "victorious in battle"or"eminent in an assembly"(also Name of yama- and viṣṇu-) |
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| saṃstir | f. contraction (opp. to vi-ṣṭ/ir-,"expansion", saṃst/iro viṣṭ/iraḥ-[acc. plural ],prob. "what is near and what is far") |
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| śaśvat | mf(ś/aśvatī-,or t/ī-)n. (according to to some for sasvat-and corresponding to Greek ) perpetual, continual, endless, incessant, frequent, numerous, many (especially applied to the ever-recurring dawns) |
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| śaśvat | mf(ś/aśvatī-,or t/ī-)n. all, every |
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| śaśvat | mf(ś/aśvatī-,or t/ī-)n. at once, forthwith, directly (generally preceded or followed by ha-; ś/aśvat-ś/aśvat-,no sooner-than forthwith) |
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| śaśvat | mf(ś/aśvatī-,or t/ī-)n. it is true, certainly, indeed |
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| sat | mf(sat/ī-)n. (pr. p. of1. as-) being, existing, occurring, happening, being present (sato me-,"when I was present";often connected with other participles or with an adverb exempli gratia, 'for example' nāmni kṛte sati-,"when the name has been given"; tathā sati-,"if it be so";also in the beginning of a compound,where sometimes ="possessed of"see sat-kalpavṛkṣa-) etc. |
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| sat | mf(sat/ī-)n. abiding in (locative case) |
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| sat | mf(sat/ī-)n. belonging to (genitive case) |
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| sat | mf(sat/ī-)n. living |
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| sat | mf(sat/ī-)n. lasting, enduring etc. |
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| sat | mf(sat/ī-)n. real, actual, as any one or anything ought to be, true, good, right (tan na sat-,"that is not right"), beautiful, wise, venerable, honest (often in compound See below) etc. |
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| satāsat | (tāsat/ī-) n. dual number (equals sad-asatī-,formed in analogy to sutāsut/e-) the true and the false |
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| satī | f. See sat/i- below |
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| sthā | cl.1 P. A1. () t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣārtham-,"to appoint any one as guardian";with sajjam-,"to make anything ready";with su-rakṣitam-,"to keep anything well guarded";with svīkṛtya-,"to make anything one's own";with pariśeṣam-,"to leave anything over or remaining") etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ-sthā-): Desiderative t/iṣṭhāsati-, to wish to stand etc. : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) |
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| sthititā | (sthit/i--) f. fixity, stability, firm position |
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| sti | m. (only in accusative plural st/īn-;fr.1. as- see /upa-sti-, abh/i--and p/ari-ṣṭi-) a dependent, vassal |
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| stigh | cl.5 P. stighnoti- (according to to A1. stighnute-; Potential stighnuyāt- infinitive mood -st/igham-; grammar also perfect tense tiṣṭige-; Aorist asteghiṣṭa-; future steghitā-, ghiṣyate-; infinitive mood steghitum-), to step, stride, step up, mount (especially in ati-stigh-,"to step over, overstep", and in pra-stigh-,"to step up, rise up etc.") : Desiderative tiṣṭighiṣati- (in ati-tiṣṭ/ighiṣan-,"wishing to ascend") [ confer, compare Greek ; Slavonic or Slavonian stignati; Gothic steigan; German sti7gan,steigen; English sty.] |
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| stipā | See above under st/i-. |
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| stṛ | (or stṝ-). cl.5.9. P. A1. () stṛṇ/oti-, stṛṇute- or stṛnāti-, striṇīt/e- (Ved. and Epic also st/arati-, te-; perfect tense tastāra-, tastare-[3. plural tastaruḥ-, tastarire-] etc.;3. sg. [with pass. sense] tistir/e- ;3. plural tastrire- ; parasmE-pada A1. tistirāṇ/a- ; Aorist /astar-, star- ; astṛṣi-, astṛta- ; astarīt- ; astārṣīt-, astarīṣṭa-, astīrṣṭa- grammar; preceding stṛṣīya- ; staryāt-or stīryāt-; stṛṣīṣṭa-, starīṣīṣṭa-, stīrṣīṣṭa- grammar; future startā- grammar; stariṣyati-, te-[Gr. also starīṣ-] etc.; infinitive mood startum-or starītum- grammar; st/artave-, tavai-, starītav/ai- ; st/arītave- ; -st/ire-, -stṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ; ind.p. stīrtv/ā-or stṛtv/ā- ; -stīrya- ; -stṛtya- ), to spread, spread out or about, strew, scatter (especially the sacrificial grass;in this sense in older language only cl.9 P. A1.) ; to spread over, bestrew, cover etc. ; (cl.5. P. A1.) to lay low, overthrow, slay (an enemy) : Passive voice stīryate- (ti-) or striy/ate- (grammar also staryate-; Aorist /astāri-), to be spread or strewn etc. etc. etc.: Causal stārayati- (Aorist atastarat-), to spread, cover : Desiderative tistīrṣate- or t/ustūrṣate- (grammar also P.and tistarīṣati-, te-), to wish to spread or strew or lay low : Intensive tāstaryate-, testīryate-, tāstarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sternere; Gothic straujan; German streuen; Anglo-Saxon streowian; English strew.]) |
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| stṝ | (or stṛ-). cl.5.9. P. A1. () stṛṇ/oti-, stṛṇute- or stṛnāti-, striṇīt/e- (Ved. and Epic also st/arati-, te-; perfect tense tastāra-, tastare-[3. plural tastaruḥ-, tastarire-] etc.;3. sg. [with pass. sense] tistir/e- ;3. plural tastrire- ; parasmE-pada A1. tistirāṇ/a- ; Aorist /astar-, star- ; astṛṣi-, astṛta- ; astarīt- ; astārṣīt-, astarīṣṭa-, astīrṣṭa- grammar; preceding stṛṣīya- ; staryāt-or stīryāt-; stṛṣīṣṭa-, starīṣīṣṭa-, stīrṣīṣṭa- grammar; future startā- grammar; stariṣyati-, te-[Gr. also starīṣ-] etc.; infinitive mood startum-or starītum- grammar; st/artave-, tavai-, starītav/ai- ; st/arītave- ; -st/ire-, -stṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ; ind.p. stīrtv/ā-or stṛtv/ā- ; -stīrya- ; -stṛtya- ), to spread, spread out or about, strew, scatter (especially the sacrificial grass;in this sense in older language only cl.9 P. A1.) ; to spread over, bestrew, cover etc. ; (cl.5. P. A1.) to lay low, overthrow, slay (an enemy) : Passive voice stīryate- (ti-) or striy/ate- (grammar also staryate-; Aorist /astāri-), to be spread or strewn etc. etc. etc.: Causal stārayati- (Aorist atastarat-), to spread, cover : Desiderative tistīrṣate- or t/ustūrṣate- (grammar also P.and tistarīṣati-, te-), to wish to spread or strew or lay low : Intensive tāstaryate-, testīryate-, tāstarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sternere; Gothic straujan; German streuen; Anglo-Saxon streowian; English strew.]) |
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| su | ind. (opp. to dus-and corresponding in sense to Greek ;perhaps connected with 1. v/asu-,and, according to to some, with pronoun base sa-,as ku-with ka-;in veda- also s/ū-and liable to become ṣu-or ṣū-and to lengthen a preceding vowel, while a following na-may become ṇa-;it may be used as an adjective (cf. mfn.) or adverb), good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much, greatly, very, any, easily, willingly, quickly (in older language often with other particles; especially with u-,="forthwith, immediately";with mo- id est mā u-,="never, by no means"; s/u kam-often emphatically with an imperative exempli gratia, 'for example' t/iṣṭhā s/u kam maghavan m/ā parā gāḥ-,"do tarry O maghavan-, go not past" ; su-always qualifies the meaning of a verb and is never used independently at the beginning of a verse;in later language it is rarely a separate word, but is mostly prefixed to substantives, adjectives, adverbs and participles, exceptionally also to an ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' su-baddhvā-,"having well bound" ;or even to a finite verb exempli gratia, 'for example' su-nirvavau- ) |
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| sujyotis | (or -jyot/is-) mfn. shining very brightly, radiant |
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| svapati | mfn. (-pat/i-) having an own consort |
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| svasti | n. f. (Nominal verb svast/i-, t/is-; accusative svast/i-, t/im-; instrumental case svast/i-, ty/ā-; dative case svast/aye-; locative case svast/au-; instrumental case svast/ibhis-;also personified as a goddess, and sometimes as kalā- see svasti-devī-), well-being, fortune, luck, success, prosperity |
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| svastigavyūti | (svast/i--) mfn. having happy pastures or fields |
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| svastika | m. any lucky or auspicious object, (especially) a kind of mystical cross or mark made on persons and things to denote good luck (it is shaped like a Greek cross with the extremities of the four arms bent round in the same direction;the majority of scholars regard it as a solar symbol;that is, as representing a curtailed form of the wheel of the Solar viṣṇu-, consisting of four spokes crossing each other at right angles with short fragments of the periphery of the circle at the end of each spoke turning round in one direction to denote the course of the Sun; according to to the late Sir Cunningham it has no connexion with sun-worship, but its shape represents a monogram or interlacing of the letters of the auspicious words su ast/i-[ svasti-]in the aśoka- characters;amongst jaina-s it is one of the 24 auspicious marks and is the emblem of the seventh arhat- of the present avasarpiṇī-) |
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| svāti | f. (of unknown derivation) Name of the star Arcturus (as forming the 13th and 15th lunar asterism;also svāt/ī- plural svātyaḥ-) etc. |
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| taila | n. (fr. t/ila-) sesamum oil, oil etc. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' Va1rtt.4 ; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-). ) |
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| tantipāla | m. "guardian of (the calves kept together by) a tant/i- ", a N. assumed by saha-deva- at virāṭa-'s court |
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| tantīyajña | m. a sacrifice performed for a tant/i- |
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| tapyatu | f. See t/i-. |
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| tati | f. ( varia lectio; see tant/i-) a mass, crowd (see tamas--) |
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| tij | cl.1. t/ejate- (ti- ; parasmE-pada t/ejamāna-;Ved. infinitive mood t/ejase-) to be or become sharp (t/etijāna-,"sharp") ; to sharpen, : Causal tejayati- idem or 'm. "collection of verbs and nouns (sub-anta-) ", a phrase ' ; to stir up, excite : Desiderative t/itikṣate- (;1. plural kṣmahe- ; future kṣiṣyate- ; Epic also P. exempli gratia, 'for example' parasmE-pada kṣat- )"to desire to become sharp or firm" , to bear with firmness, suffer with courage or patience, endure etc.: Intensive t/etikte- (; parasmE-pada tijāna-See above) to sharpen ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin dis-tinguo,etc.]) |
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| til | (derived fr. t/ila-) cl.6.10. lati-, telayati-, to be unctuous ; to anoint |
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| tiraścirāji | mfn. (t/ir-) striped across (a serpent) |
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| tirya | mfn. for tily/a-? prepared from sesamum seeds (? t/ila-) |
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| tṝ | cl.1 P. (rarely A1.) t/arati- (subjunctive t/arat- imperfect tense /atarat-, parasmE-pada t/arat- infinitive mood tar/adhyai-, rīṣ/ani- ) cl.5. tarute- (; Potential 1. plural turyāma-, ) cl.3. titarti- (; parasmE-pada Nominal verb plural t/itratas- ; Potential tutury/āt-, ) , with prepositions Vedic or Veda chiefly cl.6 P. A1. (tir/ate- subjunctive tirāti- imperfect tense /atirat-, parasmE-pada tir/at- infinitive mood t/iram-, t/ire- ; Aorist /atārīt-, ;1. plural riṣma- , rima- ; t/aruṣante- , ta-i, ṣema- [ confer, compare ]; A1.and Passive voice -tāri- ; P. atārṣīt- ; ṣam- ; perfect tense tatāra- etc.;3. plural titirur-, ; teritha-, ratur- ; parasmE-pada titirv/as- genitive case tatar/uṣas- ; future tariṣyati-, rīṣ-, taritā-, rītā-[ confer, compare pra-t/ar-] ; t/arutā- ; preceding tīryāt-, tariṣīṣṭa- ; infinitive mood tartum- ; rīt- rit- ; ind.p. tīrtv/ā- ; -t/ūrya-See vi--) to pass across or over, cross over (a river), sail across etc. ; to float, swim ; to get through, attain an end or aim, live through (a definite period), study to the end etc. ; to fulfil, accomplish, perform ; to surpass, overcome, subdue, escape etc. ; to acquire, gain, ; A1. to contend, compete ; to carry through or over, save, : Causal tārayati- (parasmE-pada r/ayat-) to carry or lead over or across etc. ; to cause to arrive at ; to rescue, save, liberate from (ablative) etc.: Desiderative titīrṣati- (also titariṣati-, rīṣ- ; parasmE-pada A1. titīrṣamāṇa- ) to wish to cross or reach by crossing : Intensive tartarīti- (2. dual number rīthas-; parasmE-pada genitive case t/arilratas-[ ];See also vi--; tātarti-, Scholiast or Commentator) to reach the end by passing or running or living through ; ([ confer, compare t/ara-, tir/as-, tīrṇ/a-; Latin termo,trans; Gothic thairh.]) |
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| trayas | in compound with any decad except aśīt/i- and interchangeable with tr/i- before catvāriṃś/at- etc. |
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| tṛh | cl.7. (imperative tṛṇ/eḍhu-; subjunctive plural tṛṇ/ahān-; Aorist atṛham- ; atarhīt- ; atṛkṣat-, ; perfect tense tatarha- ; pr. p. Nominal verb m. tṛṃh/at- ; f. dual number hat/ī- ; ind.p. tṛḍhv/ā- Passive voice plural tṛhy/ante-, parasmE-pada hy/amāṇa- ; cl.6. tṛhati-, tṛṃh- ) to crush, bruise : Desiderative titṛkṣati-, titṛṃhiṣati- ; see vi-- ; t/arhaṇa-, tṛṃhaṇa-, tṛḍh/a-. |
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| tṛp | cl.4. t/ṛpyati- ([ etc.;metrically also te-]) cl.5. [Subj. 2. sg. tṛpṇ/avas- imperative ṇuhi-, ṇut/am- (See also /a-tṛpṇuvat-); noti- and gaRa kṣubhnādi-] cl.6. [2. sg. tṛmp/asi- imperative p/a-, patu-,etc. ; see Va1rtt. 1 ; tṛpati- ; perfect tense parasmE-pada A1. tātṛpāṇ/a- ; P. tatarpa-;3. plural tātṛpur- ; Aorist atṛpat- or atrāpsīt- vArttika; atarpīt-, atārpsīt- ; future 1st tarpiṣyati-(but see ), tarpsy-, trapsy-; Conditional atrapsyat- ; future 2nd tarpitā-, ptā-, traptā- on ] to satisfy one's self, become satiated or satisfied, be pleased with (genitive case instrumental case,or rarely locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' nāgnis tṛpyati kāṣṭhānām-,"fire is not satisfied with wood"; /atṛpyan brāhmaṇ/ā dh/anaiḥ-,"the brahman-s were pleased with wealth") etc. ; to enjoy (with ablative) ; to satisfy, please : cl.1. tarpati-, to kindle : Causal tarpayati-, rarely te- (imperfect tense atarpayat- etc.; parasmE-pada tarp/ayat- ; Aorist atītṛpat- ; /atītṛpāma- ; infinitive mood t/arpayitav/ai- ) to satiate, satisfy, refresh, gladden etc. ; A1. to become satiated or satisfied ; to kindle : Desiderative (subjunctive t/itṛpsāt-) to wish to enjoy : Causal Desiderative (Potential titarpayiṣet-) to wish to satiate or refresh or satisfy : Intensive tarītṛpyate-, tarītarpti-, trapti- ; ([ see tṛph-;.]) |
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| tṛpti | f. satisfaction, contentment (pt/i-) and ix, 113, 10 etc. |
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| tsaru | m. see sumat/i--. |
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| tvai | ind. (gaRa cādi-and Va1rtt. 1 ) equals t/u vat/i- |
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| upasti | and upa-st/i- () mfn. (fr. s-ti-[1. as-]with upa- see abhi-ṣṭi-;fr. styai- commentator or commentary on ), being lower or inferior, subordinate, subject, submissive = = |
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| upastṛ | P. A1. -stṛṇāti-, -stṛṇīte- (A1.1. sg. -st/ire- ; infinitive mood -st/ire- ; infinitive mood used as imperative -stṛṇiṣ/ani- [ see gṛnīṣaṇi-under1. gṝ-]) to spread over, cover with, clothe, wrap up ; to spread out under, spread or lay under, scatter under ; to scatter round, surround (the āhavanīya- and gārhapatya- fire with grass) ; (at sacrifices) to pour out (especially clarified butter) , pour out so as to form a lower layer or substratum |
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| viṃśatiśata | (viṃsat/i--) n. 120 |
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| vipatti | f. going wrongly, adversity, misfortune, failure, disaster (opp. to sam-patt/i-) etc. |
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| vītihotra | mfn. (vīt/i--) inviting to enjoyment or to a feast |
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| vītirādhas | (vīt/i--) mfn. affording enjoyment |
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| vitṝ | P. -tarati-, -tirati- (Ved. infinitive mood -t/ire-), to pass across or through, traverse, pervade ; to bring away, carry off, remove ; to cross, frustrate, disappoint (a wish) ; to extend, prolong ; to give away (also in marriage), grant, afford, bestow, yield etc. (with āsanam-,to offer a seat;with dvāram-,to grant admittance;with uttaram-,to favour with an answer;with darśanam-,or dṛṣṭim-,to grant a sight, i.e. give an audience) ; to give (medicine), apply (a remedy) ; to produce, effect, perform, accomplish : Caus: -tārayati-, to pass (a comb) through, comb out ; to carry out, accomplish : Intensive -tartūryate- (parasmE-pada -t/arturāṇa-or -t/aritrat-), to pass over violently, labour or perform energetically |
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| vṛkti | See n/amo-- and su-vṛkt/i-. |
|
| vyathi | See a-vyath/i-. |
|
| vyathyayas | wrong reading for a-vyath/ayas- (See a-yath/i-) |
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