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     Grammar Search "svara" has 2 results.
     
svara: masculine vocative singular stem: svara
svara: second person singular present imperative class 1 parasmaipada √svar
Root Search
  		 "svara" has 1 results.
    
        Root Word (Pāṇini Dhātupāṭha:)Full Root MarkerSenseClassSutra
√svarasvaraākṣepe10252
     Amarakosha Search  		 4 results
     
     Monier-Williams
          Search  		 304 results for svara
     
Devanagari
BrahmiEXPERIMENTAL
स्वर svaraṇa- etc. See p.1285. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वर m. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) sound, noise etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. voice etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. tone in recitation etc. (either high or low), accent (of which there are three kinds, udātta-, anudātta-qq. vv., and svarita-, column 3), a note of the musical scale (of which seven [rarely six or eight] are enumerated, 1. niṣāda-;2. ṛṣabha-;3. gāndhāra-;4. ṣaḍja-;5. madhyama-;6. dhaivata-;7. pañcama-[described as resembling respectively the notes of an elephant, bull, goat, peacock, curlew or heron, horse, and Koil]) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) sound, noise etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. voice etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. tone in recitation etc. (either high or low), accent (of which there are three kinds, udātta-, anudātta-qq. vv., and svarita-, column 3), a note of the musical scale (of which seven [rarely six or eight] are enumerated, 1. niṣāda-;2. ṛṣabha-;3. gāndhāra-;4. ṣaḍja-;5. madhyama-;6. dhaivata-;7. pañcama-[described as resembling respectively the notes of an elephant, bull, goat, peacock, curlew or heron, horse, and Koil;and designated by their initial letters or syllables thus, ni-; ṛ-; ga-; ṣa-; ma-; dha-; pa-],but the order is sometimes changed, ṣadja-being placed first, and niṣāda-last) etc.
स्वरm. a symbolical expression for the number"seven" View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. a vowel (either dīrgha-,"long";or hrasva-,"short";or pluta-,"prolated") etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. air breathed through the nostrils View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरm. Name of viṣṇu- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरn. a musical note on View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरn. Name of various sāman-s View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरबद्धmfn. composed in musical measure (said of a song etc.) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभैरवm. Name of tantra- work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभक्तिf. "vowel-separation", a vowel-sound phonetically inserted between r- or l- and a following consonant (exempli gratia, 'for example' varṣa-pronounced variṣa-) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभङ्गm. "broken articulation", stammering View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभङ्गm. hoarseness View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभङ्गिन्m. "note-separating", a kind of bird View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभेदm. indistinctness of utterance, hoarseness View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभेदm. simulation of voice (instrumental case"in a feigned voice") View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभेदm. betrayal by one's voice ( svarabhedabhaya -bhaya- n."fear of betraying one's voice") View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभेदm. difference of accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभेदm. difference of musical tones View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरभेदभयn. svarabheda
स्वरभूतmfn. become a vowel (id est changed from a semivowel followed by a vowel into i-or u-) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरब्रह्मन्n. " brahman- as manifested in sound", the sacred texts View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरच्छिद्रn. the sound-hole of a flute View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरचिन्ताf. Name of work on vowels View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरधीतmfn. "reaching heaven", the mountain meru- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरधीतसारm. Name of indra- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरदीप्तmfn. (in augury) inauspicious with regard to voice or sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरगताध्यायm. Name of the first chapter of the saṃgīta-darpaṇa- and of the saṃgīta-ratnākara-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरघ्नm. "voice-destroyer", Name of a particular disease of the throat View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरग्रामm. the musical scale, gamut View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरगुप्तिf. depth of voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरहन्m. equals -ghna- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरकम्पm. trembling of tone View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरकरmfn. producing voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरक्षयm. loss of voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरक्षुf. Name of a river View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरलक्षणn. Name of a treatise (on the accents of the taittirīya-, by keśa-vārya-). View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरलासिकाf. a flute, pipe View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमञ्चनृत्यn. (in music) a kind of dance View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमण्डलm. a kind of vīṇā- or stringed musical instrument View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमण्डलिकाf. a kind of vīṇā- or stringed musical instrument View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमञ्जरीf. Name of work on Vedic accents. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमन्त्रकाण्डn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमात्राf. strength of sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरमेलकलानिधिf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरंक्रितmfn. well arranged or prepared (as a sacrifice) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरणmfn. loud-sounding, clear-voiced View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरनाभिm. a kind of flute View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरनिर्णयm. Name of work (on the accents of the ṛg-- veda-, in 21 śloka-s, by jayanta-svāmin-). View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपक्षmfn. "sound-winged", possessing sound as wings View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपञ्चाशत्f. Name of work on Vedic accents. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपरिभाषाf. Name of work (on the more ancient notation of the accents or tones in the sāmaveda-, used in South India). View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपरिवर्तm. change or modulation of the voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपत्तनn. "abode of accents", Name of the sāmaveda-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरप्रकरणn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरप्रक्रियाf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरप्रस्तारm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपृष्ठmfn. having the svara-sāman- for a pṛṣṭha- (q.v) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरपुरंजयm. Name of a son of śeṣa- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वररत्नभाण्डn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वररत्नकोशm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरस्See gharm/a-svaras-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. own (unadulterated) juice or essence etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. natural or peculiar flavour View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. proper taste or sentiment in composition View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. a particular astringent juice or decoction View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. the sediment of oily substances ground on a stone View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. own inclination (-tas-,"through own inclination","for pleasure") View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. feeling for one's own people View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. instinct of self-preservation (?) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. analogy View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसmf(ā-)n. agreeable or pleasant to one's taste, congenial View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसm. Name of a mountain View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरस sva-rāj- etc. See . View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसामन्m. (sv/ara--) Name of the three days before and after the viṣuvat- of the gavāmayana- (id est the last three days of the first, and the first three days of the second half-year) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसामन्n. Name of a sāman-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंदर्भm. equals -saṃkrama- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंदेहविवादm. a kind of round game View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंधिm. the junction or coalition of vowels View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंग्रहm. Name of work on suppression of the voice and breath (for attaining beatitude). View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंक्रमm. succession of tones (applied to the musical scale ), rise and fall of the voice, modulation of tone View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसम्पद्f. euphony or melody of voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंपन्नmf(ā-)n. (sv/ara--) melodious, harmonious
स्वरसंपन्नmf(ā-)n. having a melodious voice
स्वरसंस्वारवत्mfn. correct in accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसमुच्चयm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंयोगm. equals -yoga- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंयोगm. a song View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसंयोगm. the junction of vowels View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसारm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरशस्ind. according to the accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरशास्त्रn. Name of a class of works on the modulation of sounds or on the passage of the air through the nostrils (especially as bearing on the prognostication of future events) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरशास्त्रn. Name of work on Vedic. accents. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसिद्धान्तचन्द्रिकाf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसिद्धान्तकौमुदीf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसिद्धान्तमञ्जरीf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसीकृP. -karoti-, to make into sap or juice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरशिक्षाf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसिंहm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरसुबोधिनीf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरशुद्धmfn. correct in musical measure View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरशून्यmfn. unmelodious, unmusical View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरस्वरूपn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरताf. the state of (being) voice or a musical sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरतन्त्रn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरतत्त्वचमत्कारm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरतत्त्वोदयm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरतिक्रमm. stepping beyond heaven id est reaching vaikuṇṭha- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरतिक्रम svar-adhīta- etc. See . View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरवैदिकn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरवत्mfn. (sv/ara--) having sound, sonorous, loud View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरवत्mfn. having a melodious voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरवत्mfn. having an accent, accentuated View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरवत्mfn. containing a vowel View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरविभक्तिf. separation of a vowel (in sāman--chanting) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरविधिm. Name of a med. work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरव्याख्याf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरयोगm. "sound-combination", voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
स्वरयोनिm. or f. the ṛc- on which the svara-sāman- is based View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
आभास्वरmfn. () shining, bright View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
आभास्वरm. Name of a class of deities, sixty-four in number View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
आभास्वरm. Name of a particular set of twelve subjects (ātmā jñātā damo dāntaḥ śāntir jñānaṃ śamas tapaḥ kāmaḥ krodho mado moho dvādaśābhāsvarā ime- ) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अल्पस्वरmfn. having a feeble voice, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अल्पस्वरcontaining few vowels, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अंशस्वरm. key-note or chief note in music. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
आन्धास्वरn. a particular mode of singing, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अपस्वरm. an unmusical note or sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अपस्वरmfn. singing out of tune, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
आर्तस्वरm. a cry of pain View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अस्वरmfn. not loud (as the voice), indistinct View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अस्वरmfn. having no vowel Up having no accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अस्वरmfn. having a bad or croaking voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अस्वरकmfn. unaccentuated View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अस्वरम्ind. in low tone, indistinctly View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अवनीस्वरm. "lord of the earth", a king View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
अविस्वरर्म्ind. without dissonance View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
बहुस्वरmfn. many-syllabled, containing more than two syllables View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
बहुस्वरत्वn. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
बह्वीस्वरमाहात्म्यn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भाषिकस्वरm. equals brāhmaṇasvara- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरmf(ā-)n. shining, brilliant, bright, resplendent etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरm. the sun View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरm. a day View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरm. Name of a satellite of the god of the sun View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरm. of a Buddhist deity (?) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरn. Costus Arabicus or Speciosus View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भास्वरवर्ण(bh/āsv-) mfn. light-coloured, having the colour of light View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भिन्नस्वरmfn. having a broken or changed voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भिन्नस्वरmfn. discordant View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भिन्नस्वरमुखवर्णmfn. having a broken or changed voice and complexion View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भीष्मगर्जितघोषस्वरराजm. Name of a number of buddha-s View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
भीष्मस्वरराजm. "king of terrible sounds", Name of a buddha- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
ब्राह्मणस्वरm. the accent usual in a brāhmaṇa- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
चन्द्रप्रभास्वरराजm. Name of several buddha-s. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
चतुर्थस्वरm. having the 4th tone or accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
चतुर्थस्वरn. Name of a sāman-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
धीरप्रशान्तस्वरmfn. dhīrapraśānta
दीर्घस्वरm. equals -varṇa- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
दुन्दुभिस्वरm. "having drum-like voice", Name of a man View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
दुन्दुभिस्वरनिर्घोषm. Name (also title or epithet) of a tathāgata-, . View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
दुन्दुभिस्वरराजm. Name of several buddha-s. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
द्विस्वरmfn. 2-syllabled View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
द्विस्वरmfn. doubly accented View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
द्वितीयस्वरn. Name of a sāman-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
गद्गदस्वरmf(ā-)n. idem or 'mfn. idem or 'mfn. idem or 'mfn. idem or 'mfn. (speech) stopped by sobs, ' ' ' ' View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
गद्गदस्वरm. stammering utterance View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
गद्गदस्वरm. a buffalo View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
गद्गदस्वरm. Name of a bodhi-sattva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
गम्भीरसत्त्वस्वरनाभिmfn. equals tri-g- (See above) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
घर्मस्वरस्(rm/a--) mfn. sounding like the contents of a boiler (said of rivers) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
घस्वरmfn. voracious View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
घोरस्वरmfn. of dreadful sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
गिरिरजघोषेस्वरm. Name (also title or epithet) of a tathāgata-, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
ग्रहस्वरm. the 1st note of a musical piece. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
हस्तस्वरलक्षणn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
हतस्वरmfn. one who has lost his voice, hoarse View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
हीनस्वरmfn. defective in sound, soundless ( hīnasvaratā -tā- f.) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
हीनस्वरताf. hīnasvara
हीषीस्वरn. Name of a sāman- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
जलधरगर्जितघोषसुस्वरनक्षत्रराजसंकुसुमिताभिज्ञm. "having a voice musical as the sound of the thunder of the clouds and conversant with the appearance of the regents of the nakṣatra-s", Name of a buddha-, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
काकस्वरm. a shrill tone. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कलस्वरn. a low musical sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कलविङ्कस्वरm. a kind of samādhi- (q.v) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कलविङ्कस्वरmfn. having a voice (soft) as a sparrow's, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कण्ठ्यस्वरm. a guttural vowel (id est a-and ā-) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कपिस्वरm. Name of a man. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कार्तस्वरn. (fr. kṛta-sv-), gold View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कार्तस्वरn. the thorn-apple View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कस्वरmfn. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कस्वरSee 1. kas-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कृतस्वरmfn. having the original accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
क्रूरस्वरmfn. crying frightfully View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
कुहकस्वरm. idem or 'm. a wild cock (Phasianus gallus) ' View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मधुरचारुमञ्जुस्वरताf. the having a sweet and agreeable and pleasant voice (one of the 80 minor marks of a buddha-) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मधुरस्वरmfn. sweetly-sounding, sweet-voiced ( madhurasvaram am- ind.) etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मधुरस्वरm. Name of a gandharva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मधुरस्वरम्ind. madhurasvara
मधुस्वरm. "sweet-voiced", the Indian cuckoo View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मध्यमस्वरm. the middle or dominant note View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मध्यमस्वरmfn. spoken in a middle tone (not too loud and not too low) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
महाभास्वरmfn. equals -bhāsura- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
महाघोषस्वरराजm. Name of a bodhi-sattva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
महास्वरmfn. loud-sounding View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मन्द्रस्वरm. having the low or base tone View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मङ्गलस्वरm. a sea-shell View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मणिस्वरतीर्थn. Name of a tīrtha- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मञ्जुस्वरmfn. idem or 'mfn. sweet-sounding ' View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मञ्जुस्वरm. equals -śrī- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मनोज्ञस्वरm. Name of a gandharva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मतंगपारस्नेस्वरm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मेघदुन्दुभिस्वरराजm. Name of a buddha- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मेघस्वरm. Name of two buddha-s View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
मेघस्वरराजm. Name of two buddha-s View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
नगेस्वरm. idem or 'm. of kailāsa- or of śiva- ' , Name of himālaya- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
नष्टहीनविकलविकृतस्वरmfn. whose voice has been lost or become feeble or deficient or changed View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
नष्टहीनविकलविकृतस्वरताf. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
निस्वरmfn. soundless, noiseless View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
निस्वरm. Name of agni- (varia lectio ni-svan/a-). View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
निस्वरम्ind. noiselessly. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पञ्चमस्वरn. Name of a metre, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
परमभास्वरmfn. excessively radiant View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पार्थिवेस्वरm. idem or 'm. the chief or greatest of princes ' View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पेस्वरmfn. () going, moving View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पेस्वरmfn. destructive View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पेस्वरmfn. splendid View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रभास्वरmfn. idem or '() mfn. shining forth, shining brightly, brilliant.' View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रभास्वरmfn. clear, shrill (as a voice) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रचयस्वरm. "accumulated tone", the tone occurring in a series of unaccented syllables following a svarita- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रचितस्वरm. equals pracaya-svara-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्राकृतलङ्केस्वरm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रातर्विकस्वरmfn. rising early View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रथमस्वरm. the first sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रथमस्वरmfn. supplied with the first sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रथमस्वरn. Name of a sāman- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रतिस्वरm. ( svar-) a rever berated sound, echo View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रतिस्वरm. a focus View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रत्यास्वरmfn. ( svṛ-) shining back, reflecting View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रत्ययस्वरm. (in gram.) an accent on an affix View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
प्रौढस्वरम्ind. with a strong or loud voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पूर्वपदप्रकृतिस्वरmfn. having the original accent of the first member of a compound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
पूर्वस्वरm. (in gram.) having the accent of the preceding View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
राजराजेस्वरm. (prob.) Name of śiva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
राजराजेस्वरयोगकथाf. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
रतिचरणसमन्तस्वरm. Name of a gandharva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
ऋषिस्वरmfn. praised by ṛṣi-s
रूक्षस्वरmfn. harsh-sounding ( rūkṣasvaram am- ind.) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
रूक्षस्वरm. an ass View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
रूक्षस्वरम्ind. rūkṣasvara
सगद्गदस्वरम्ind. idem or 'mfn. with or having a faltering or stammering voice, ' View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
समस्वरmfn. having the same or a similar tone or accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
शङ्खस्वरprob. wrong reading for saṃkasvara- = saṃkasuka-, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
शङ्कुकर्णेस्वरm. a particular form of śiva- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
शङ्कुकर्णेस्वरn. Name of a liṅga- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सर्वस्वरहस्यn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सर्वस्वरलक्षणn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सस्वरmfn. sounding, having the same sound with (instrumental case or compound) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सस्वरmfn. having accent, accentuated View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सस्वरम्ind. loudly View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
शिक्षास्वरm. equals śikṣākṣara- n. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सोत्कृष्टहसितस्वरmfn. accompanied by loud laughter View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुभास्वरmfn. shining brightly, radiant, splendid View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुभास्वरm. plural Name of a class of deceased ancestors View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
शुक्लभास्वरmfn. shining bright View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
शुक्तस्वरmfn. (said to be) equals a-vyakta-svara- (Scholiast or Commentator) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुस्वरm. the right tone or accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुस्वरmf(ā-)n. having a beautiful voice View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुस्वरmf(ā-)n. well-sounding, harmonious, melodious ( susvaram am- ind.)
सुस्वरmf(ā-)n. loud ( susvaram am- ind.) etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुस्वरm. a conch View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुस्वरm. Name of a son of garuḍa- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
सुस्वरम्ind. susvara
सुस्वरम्ind. susvara
सुव्रतस्वरm. Name of an asura- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
तानस्वरmfn. uttered monotonously, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
तारस्वरmfn. sounding loud View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
तथास्वरmfn. uttered with the same accent
तृतीयस्वरn. "3rd tune", Name of a sāman-. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
उच्चैःस्वरmfn. crying aloud, View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
ऊपास्वरn. the way in which the ūpā- is sung, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding, Scholiast or Commentator View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
वाक्यस्वरm. the accent in a word or sentence View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विचित्रालंकारस्वरm. Name of a serpent-demon View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विकस्वरmfn. opened (as eyes) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विकस्वरmfn. expanded, blown View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विकस्वरmfn. clear (as sound) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विकस्वरmfn. candid View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विरजस्तेजःस्वरm. Name of a serpent-demon View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विशुद्धस्वरनिर्घोषाf. a particular dhāraṇī- View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विस्वरm. discord View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विस्वरmfn. having no sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विस्वरm. dissonant, discordant ( visvaram am- ind.) etc. View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विस्वरm. pronounced with a wrong accent ( visvaram am- ind.) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विस्वर vi-svāda- See . View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
विस्वरम्ind. visvara
विस्वरम्ind. visvara
व्याख्यास्वरm. "tone of exposition", the middle tone (in speech) View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
यजुर्वेदक्रियास्वरलक्षणn. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
यथाप्राप्तस्वरm. a regular accent View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
यथास्वरम्ind. according to to the sound View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
युद्धरत्नस्वरm. Name of work View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
     Apte Search  		 11 results
     
svara स्वर a. Going; one who goes (this meaning is given only by Gīrvaṇa.); असौ स्वर इतीममाचक्षते स्वर इति प्रत्या- स्वर इत्यमुं ...... चोद्गीथमुपासीत Ch. Up.1.3.2.
svaraḥ स्वरः [स्वर्-अच्, स्वृ-अप् वा] 1 Sound, noise. -2 Voice; स्वरेण तस्याममृतस्रुतेव प्रजल्पितायामभिजातवाचि Ku.1.45. -3 A note of the musical scale or gamut, a tone, tune; (these are seven:-- निषादर्षभगान्धारषड्जमध्यमधैवताः ॥ पञ्चम- श्चेत्यमी सप्त तन्त्रीकण्ठोत्थिताः स्वराः Ak.); सप्त स्वरास्त्रयो ग्रामा मूर्छनाश्चैकविंशतिः Pt.5.54. -4 The number 'seven'. -5 A vowel. -6 An accent; (these are three; उदात्त, अनुदात्त and स्वरित q. q. v. v.); निहन्त्यरीनेकपदे य उदात्तः स्वरानिव Śi.2.95. -7 Air breathed through the nostrils. -8 Snoring. -9 Sweetness of tune or tone; तस्मादार्त्विज्यं करिष्यन् वाचि स्वरमिच्छेत तया वाचा स्वरसंपन्नयार्त्विज्यं कुर्यात् Bṛi. Up.1.3.25. -रा N. of the chief wife of Brahman. -Comp. -अंशः a half or quarter tone (in music). -अङ्कः a kind of musical composition. -अन्तरम् the interval between two vowels, hiatus. -उदय a. followed by a vowel. (-यः) 1 the production of sound. -2 see स्वरशास्त्र. -उपघातः hoarseness. -उपध a. preceded by a vowel. -कम्पः trembling of tone. -कर a. producing voice -क्षयः the loss of voice. -ग्रामः the musical scale, gamut. -च्छिद्रम् the sound-hole of a flute. -दीप्त a. (in augury) inauspicious with regard to voice. -नाभिः a kind of flute. -पत्तनम् N. of the Sāma-veda. -परिवर्तः change of voice. -वद्ध composed in musical measure. -ब्रह्मन् the Brahman as manifested in sound; स्वरब्रह्मणि निर्भातहृषीकेशपदाम्बुजे अखण्डं चित्तमावेश्य लोकाननुचरन् मुनिः ॥ Bhāg.6.5.22. -भक्तिः f. a vowel-sound phonetically inserted in the pronunciation of र् or ल् when these letters are followed by a sibilant or any single consonant; (e. g. वर्ष pronounced as वरिष). -भङ्गः, -भेदः 1 indistinctness of utterance, broken articulation. -2 hoarseness or cracking of voice. -भङ्गिन् m. a kind of bird. -मञ्चनृत्यम् a kind of dance. -मण्डलम् the circle of notes, arrangement of musical scales; सप्त स्वरास्त्रयो ग्रामा मूर्च्छनाश्चैकविंशतः तानास्त्वेकोनपञ्चाशदित्येतत्स्वरमण्डलम् ॥ Pt.5. 54. -मण्डलिका a kind of lute (वीणा). -मात्रा strength of sound. -योगः voice. -लासिका a flute, pipe. -विभक्तिः separation of a vowel. -शास्त्रम् 1 the science of the modulation of sounds. -2 the science of the passage of the air through the nostrils (as bearing on the prognostication of future events). -शुद्ध a. correct in musical measure. -शून्य a. without musical notes, unmelodious, unmusical. -संयोगः 1 the junction of vowels. -2 the union of notes or sounds, i. e. voice; अन्य एवैष स्वरसंयागः Mk.1,3; U.3; पण्डितकौशिक्या इव स्वरसंयोगः श्रूयते M.5. -संक्रमः 1 a transition or succession of notes; तं तस्य स्वरसंक्रमं मृदुगिरः श्लिष्टं च तन्त्रीस्वनम् Mk.3.5. -2 the gamut. -संदेहविवादः a kind of round game; K. -संधिः the coalition of vowels. -संपद् f. melody of voice. -संपन्न a. having a melodious voice. -सामन् m. pl. epithets of particular days in a sacrificial session.
svaravat स्वरवत् a. 1 Having sound, sonorous. -2 Having a voice. -3 Vocal. -4 Having an accent, accented.
apasvaraḥ अपस्वरः An unmusical sound or note.
abhisvaraḥ अभिस्वरः Urging towards, driving onwards. -रे Very close or near.
kasvara कस्वर a. 1 Going. -2 Injuring.
kārtasvaram कार्तस्वरम् Gold; स तप्तकार्तस्वरभासुराम्बरः Śi.1.2; ˚दण्डेन K.82. कार्तस्वरपरिच्छदम् (रथम्) Bhāg.1.17.4; a kind of gold (or silver ?); ईहामृगसमायुक्तैः कार्तस्वरहिरण्मयैः Rām.5.9.13.
pesvara पेस्वर a. 1 Going, moving. -2 Destructive.
prabhāsvara प्रभास्वर a. Brilliant, bright, shining.
bhāsvara भास्वर a. [भास्-वरच्] Shining, bright, radiant, brilliant. -रः 1 The sun. -2 A day. -3 Fire.
visvara विस्वर a. 1 Discordant. -2 Having no sound. -रः Discord. -रम् ind. Pronounced with a wrong accent.
     Macdonell Search  		 9 results
     
svarabhakti f. vowel portion, i. e. vocalic sound heard after r or l when im mediately followed by a consonant; -bhûta, pp. become a vowel (i. e. changed from a semi-vowel + vowel to i or u); -bheda, m. indistinctness of voice, hoarseness; simulation of voice; betrayal by one's voice; difference of accent; difference of musical tones: in. in a feigned voice: -bhaya, n. fear of betraying one's voice; -yoga, m.combination of sounds, voice; (svára)-vat, a. (Br.) sounding loud; having a melodious voice; accented (also C.).
svaraṃkṛta pp. well-prepared (sacrifice; RV.1).
svarasa m. own or unmixed juice; feeling for one's own people; own inclina tion; a. to one's taste, congenial (wife).
svarasaṃyoga m. combination of sounds, voice; continuous notes (of a song); -samsvâra-vat, a. having correctness of ac cent, rightly intoned (verse); -samkrama, m. harmony of tone, modulation of voice; -samdeha-vivâda, m. kind of social game; -sampad, f. euphony of voice, melodious voice; (svára)-sâman, m. ep. of the three days before and after the Vishuvat of the Gavâmayana (=the last three days of the first, and the first of the second half-year).
kārtasvaramaya a. golden and sounding piteous.
ghuṣṭasvara a. with a loud voice; -½anna, n. food offered by invitation.
bhāsvara a. shining, radiant, bril liant.
madhurasvara a. uttering a sweet sound; mellifluous (speech).
sasvara a. identical in sound with (--°ree;); having the same accent as (in.); ac cented: -m, ad. loudly; -svâhâ-kâra, a. accompanied with the exclamation svâhâ; -sveda, a. perspiring.
     Vedic Index of
     Names and Subjects  		 1 result
     
svara Denotes in the Upaniṣads the sound of a vowel: these are described as being ghosavant, ‘sonant,’ and also as balavant, ‘ uttered with force.’ The precise word for a mute is sparśa, ‘ contact,’ while ūsman denotes a ‘sibilant,’ and svara a ‘vowel,’ in the Aitareya and śāñkhāyana Áraṇyakas. The semivowels are there denoted by anta-sthā (‘intermediate’) or aksara. Another division in the Aitareya Aranyaka is into ghosa, ūsman, and vyañjana, apparently ‘vowels,’ ‘ sibilants,’ and ‘consonants’ respectively. Ghosa elsewhere in that Aran­yaka seems to have the general sense of ‘sounds.’ The Taittirlya Upaniṣad refers to mātrā, a ‘ mora ’; bala, ‘ force ’ of utterance, and varna, ‘letter,’ an expression found else­where in the explanation of om, as compacted of a + u -f- in. The Aitareya Araṇyaka and the śāñkhāyana Araṇyaka recognize the three forms of the Rigveda text as pratrnna, nirbhuja, and'ubhayain-antarena, denoting respectively the Sarphitā, Pada, and Krama Pāthas of the Rigveda. The same authorities recognize the importance of the distinction of the cerebral and dental n and s, and refer to the Māṇdūkeyas’ mode of recitation. They also discuss Sandhi, the euphonic ‘combination’ of letters. The Prātiśākhyas of the several Samhitās develop in detail the grammatical terminology, and Yāska's Nirukta contains a good deal of grammatical material. The śatapatha Brāhmaṇa distinguishes the genders, and the Pañcaviφśa Brāhmana the division of words in the Sāman recitation.
     Dictionary of Sanskrit
     Grammar
     KV Abhyankar 		"svara" has 72 results.
     
svara(l)vowel, as contrasted with a consonant which never stands by itself independently. The word स्वर is defined generally :as स्वयं राजन्ते ते स्वराः ( Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on pan. The word स्वर is always used in the sense of a vowel in the Pratisakhya works; Panini however has got the word अच् (short term or Pratyahara formed of अ in 'अइउण्' and च् at the end of एऔच् Mahesvara sutra 4 ) always used for vowels, the term स्वर being relegated by him to denote accents which are also termed स्वर in the ancient Pratisakhyas and grammars. The number of vowels, although shown differently in diferent ancient works, is the same, viz. five simple vowels अ,इ,उ, ऋ, लृ, and four diphthongs ए, ऐ, ओ, and अौ. These nine, by the addition of the long varieties of the first four such as आ, ई, ऊ, and ऋ, are increased to thirteen and further to twentytwo by adding the pluta forms, there being no long variety for लृ and short on for the diphthongs. All these twentytwo varieties have further subdivisions, made on the criterion of each of them being further characterized by the properties उदात्त, अनुदIत्त and स्वरित and निरनुनासिक and सानुनासिक. (2) The word स्वर also means accent, a property possessed exclusively by vowels and not by consonants, as they are entirely dependent on vowels and can at the most be said to possess the same accent as the vowel with which they are uttered together. The accents are mentioned to be three; the acute ( उदात्त ), the grave अनुदात्त and the circumflex (स्वरित) defined respectively as उच्चैरुदात्तः, नीचैरनुदात्तः and समाहारः स्वरितः by Panini (P. I. 2.29, 30,3l). The point whether समाहार means a combination or coming together one after another of the two, or a commixture or blending of the two is critically discussed in the Mahabhasya. (vide Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 2.31). There are however two kinds of svarita mentioned by Panini and found actually in use : (a) the independent स्वरित as possessed by the word स्वर् (from which possibly the word स्वरित was formed) and a few other words as also many times by the resultant vowel out of two vowels ( उदात्त and अनुदात्त ) combined, and (b) the enclitic or secondary svarita by which name, one or more grave vowels occurring after the udatta, in a chain, are called cf P. VIII. 2.4 VIII. 2.6 and VIII 4.66 and 67. The topic of accents is fully discussed by the authors of the Pratisakhyas as also by Panini. For details, see Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) III. 1.19; T.Pr. 38-47 Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya.I. 108 to 132, II. I.65 Atharvaveda Prātiśākhya. Adhyaya l padas 1, 2, 3 and Rk. Tantra 51-66; see also Kaiyata on P. I. 2.29; (3) The word स्वर is used also in the sense of a musical tone. This meaning arose out of the second meaning ' accent ' which itself arose from the first viz. 'vowel', and it is fully discussed in works explanatory of the chanting of Samas. Patanjali has given Seven subdivisions of accents which may be at the origin of the seven musical notes. See सप्तस्वर a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page..
anekasvarahaving many vowels or syllables in it; the same as अनेकाच् of Pāṇini; confer, compare Hemacandra's Śabdānuśāsana. III. 4.46
aprakṛtisvaratvanon-retention of the original word accents; confer, compare तत्र यस्य गतेरप्रकृतिस्वरत्वं तस्मादन्तेादात्वं प्राप्नोति Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on VI.2.49. See the word प्रकृतिस्वरत्व.
asvarakauntoned; a word without an accent, as different from a word which has an accent,but which is not uttered with that accent: cf अक्रियमाणे ह्युपदेशिवद्भावे...अान्तर्यत अांदेशा अस्वरकाणामस्वरकाः स्युः M.Bh. on VII. 1.2, VII. 1. 89.
ekasvarapossessed of one vowel,monosyllabic; a term used by Hemacandra in his grammar for the term एकाच् of Pāṇini: confer, compare आद्योंश एकस्वरे Hemacandra's Śabdānuśāsana.IV.1.2, which means the same as एकाचेा द्वे प्रथमस्य P.VI.1.1.
ekādeśasvaraan accent prescribed for the single substitute,as, for instance, by rules like उदात्तस्वरितयोर्यणः स्वरितोनुदात्तस्य and the following rules P. VI.2.4, 5 and 6.
kṛtsvarathe same as कृदुत्तरपदप्रकृतिस्वर, the retention of its accent by the second member of a tatpuruṣa compound, if the first member is a word termed Gati or Kāraka, by the rule गतिकारकोपपदात् कृत् P.VI.2. 139; confer, compare अव्ययस्वरस्य कृत्स्वरः M.Bh. on VI.2.52; confer, compareविभक्तीषत्स्वरात्कृत्स्वरः M.Bh. VI.2.52 Vārt, 6.
jātisvarathe acute accent for the last vowel of a word ending with क्त of the past passive participle. denoting a genus; confer, compare P. VI. 2.170.
titsvarathe circumflex accent possessed by an affix marked with the mute letter त्. See तित्.
dvisvarapossessed of two vowels,dissyllabic; confer, compare न पदे द्विस्वरे नित्यम् Taittirīya Prātiśākhya.XVI. 17. द्विस्स्पृष्ट a term used for an upadhmaniya letter or a phonetic element resulting from a visarga followed by the letter प्， or फ़्. See उपध्मांनीय.The word is also used sometimes for the pronunciation ळ् of ड्, and ळ्ह् of ढ्. See दुःस्पृष्ट.
nañsvarabalīyastvathe superiority, or strength of the accent caused by नञ्समास which sets aside the accent caused by the case affix; confer, compare विभक्तिस्वरान्नञ्स्वरो बलीयान् P. VI. 2.158 Vart. 13,
napuṃsakasvarathe special accent viz. the acute accent for the first vowel for nouns in the neuter gender excepting those that end in इस्, as prescribed by नबिषयस्यानिसन्तस्य Phitsutra 11; confer, compare नपुंसकस्वरो मा भूत् M.Bh. on P.VII.1.77.
nipātanasvarathe accent, with which the Nipatana word is expressed in the Sutra, which is said to prevail over the accent which ordinarily should be possessed by the word; confer, compare स निपातनस्वरः प्रकृतिस्वरस्य बाधको भविष्यति M.Bh. on P.I.1.56 Vart. 23; confer, compare also M.Bh. on I.3.3, VI.1.123 et cetera, and others .
niyatasvara(1)an affix whose accent is definitely given by an indicatory mute letter applied to it; confer, compare M.Bh. on I.1.3; (2) the grave accent; a syllable with a grave accent; grave vowel; confer, compare नियतस्वरोदये R.Pr.XI.25; (3) name of a Samdhi when a visarga is changed into रेफ and then omitted and the preceding vowel is lengthened; cf ह्रस्वस्याकामनियता उभाविमौ R.Pr. IV.9; confer, compare also P. VIII.3.14 and VI.3.111.
parādisasvaraa consonant belonging to the succeeding vowel in sylllabication; confer, compare R.Pr.I.15.
pūrvapadaprakṛtisvararetention of the original acute accent of the first member in a compound as is generally noticed in the bahuvrihi compound and in special cases in other compounds; cf बहुव्रीहौ प्रकृत्या पूर्वपदम् and the following rules P. WI. 2.1 to 63.
pūrvāntasasvarabelonging to the previous vowel in syllabication; e. g. a consonant at the end of a word or the first in a consonant group ( संयोग ).
prakrutisvarathe accent id est, that is the acute accent ( उदात्त ) possessed by the original word as contrasted with the accent of the afix ( प्रत्ययस्वर ) which (latter) is looked upon as more powerful; confer, compare (बहुव्रीहौ) पूर्वपदं प्रकृतिस्वरं भवति M.Bh, on II.I.24, II. 2.29 Vart. 17, See Panini Sutras VI.2.1 to 63.
pratyayasvaraan accent caused by virtue of the affix which is added; confer, compare यथैव हि निपातनस्वरः प्रकृतिस्वरं बाधेत एवं प्रत्ययस्वरमपि बाधेत । लतिशिष्टत्वाप्रत्ययस्वरो भविष्यति । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I.I 56 Vart. 23.
prātipadikasvarathe general accent of the Pratipadika viz. the acute ( उदात्त ) for the last vowel as given by the Phit sutra फिषः ( प्रातिपदिकस्य ) अन्त उदात्तः; confer, compare also प्रातिपदिकस्वरस्यावकाशः । अाम्रः । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. VI. 1.91 Vart. 7.
bahuvrīhiprakṛtisvarathe accent peculiar to, or specifically mentioned in the case of the Bahuvrihi compound viz. the retention of its own accents by the first member, in spite of the general rule that a compound word has the last vowel accented acute id est, that is उदात्त. confer, compare बहुव्रीहौ प्रकृत्या पूर्वपदम्. P. VI. 2.1. The expression बहुव्रीहिस्वर in this very sense is used in the Mahabhasya confer, compare बहुव्रीहिस्वरं शास्ति समासान्तविधेः सुकृत् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. VI. 2.1.
litsvarathe acute accent for the vowel immediately preceding the affix caused by that affix being marked with the mute consonant ल्. See लित् a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page.; confer, compare अनुदात्तत्वं क्रियतां लित्स्वर इति किमत्र कर्तव्यम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. II. 4.33.
vibhāktisvarapratirūpakasimilar in form to a word ending in a case-affix or to a vowel. Such words are looked upon, and are treated as indeclinables exempli gratia, for example शनै:, चिरेण, अस्ति, उ, ए et cetera, and others; confer, compare the usual expressions तिडन्तप्रतिरूपकमव्ययम् et cetera, and others confer, compare विभक्तिस्वरप्रतिरूपकाश्च निपाता भवन्ति Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. VIII.3.1: confer, compare also उपसर्गविभक्तिस्वरप्रतिरूपकाश्च निपाताः । a gaṇasūtra inside the चादिगण mentioned in P.I.4.57.
visvaracharacterized by a faulty or incorrect accent, which is looked upon as a fault of pronunciation.
śatṛsvarathe acute accent specifically stated for the vowel of the caseaffix beginning with a vowel et cetera, and others prescribed by the rule शतुरनुमे। नद्यजादी P. VI. 1.173: confer, compare शतृस्वर , तुदती नुदती ... शतुरनुमो नद्यजादिरन्तांदात्तादित्वेष स्वरो यथा स्यात् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. VIII. 2.6. Vart 2.
satiśiṣṭasvarabalīyastvathe comparatively superior strength of a subsequent accent which prevails by the removal of the accent obtaining before in the process of the formation of a word; cf VI. 1. 158 Vart. 9. See सतिशिष्ट a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page..
saptasvaralit, the seven accents; the term refers to the seven accents formed of the subdivisions of the three main Vedic accents उदात्त, अनुदात्त and स्वरित viz उदात्त, उदात्ततर, अनुदात्त, अनुदात्ततर, स्वरित, स्वरितोदात्त,and एकश्रुति: cf त एते तन्त्रे तरनिर्देशे सप्त स्वरा भवन्ति ( उदात: । उदात्ततरः । अनुदात्तः ! अनुदात्ततरः । स्वरित: । स्वरिते य उदात्तः सोन्येन विशिष्टः । एकश्रुतिः सप्तम: ॥ M. Bh on P. I. 2. 33. It is possible that these seven accents which were turned into the seven notes of the chantings of the samans developed into the seven musical notes which have traditionally come down to the present day known as सा रे ग म प ध नी; confer, compare उदात्ते निषादगान्धारौ अनुदात्ते ऋषभधैवतौ । स्वरितप्रभवा ह्येते षड्जमध्यमपञ्चमाः। Pāṇini. Siksa. The Vajasaneyi Pratisakhya mentions the seven accents differently; confer, compare उदात्तादयः परे सप्त । यथा-अभिनिहितक्षैप्र-प्राशश्लिष्ट-तैरोव्यञ्जन-तैरोविराम-पादवृत्तताथाभाव्याः Uvvata on V.Pr.I.l l4.
sasvaraliterally connected with a vowel; the term is used in connection with a consonant as connected with a vowel for purposes of syllabication, the vowel being either the previous one or the succeeding one.
svarapratirūpakaa word or Pratipadika which is exactly similar to a single vowel such as उ or अा or . ए and the like; such words are to be looked upon as Avyayas and the case-affixes after them are dropped when they are usedition confer, compare स्वरप्रतिरूपकमव्ययम्.
svarabhaktia vowel part; appearance of a consonant as a vowel; the character of a vowel borne by a consonant. Many times a semivowel which consists of one letter has to be divided especially for purposes of metre, as also for accentuation into two letters or rather, has to be turned into two letters by inserting a vowel before it or after it, for instance य् is to be turned into इय् e. g, in त्रियम्बकं यजामहे, while र् or रेफ is to be turned into र् ऋ as for instance in कर्हि चित् which is to be uttered as कर् ऋ हृि चित्. This prefixing or suffixing of a vowel is called स्वरभक्तिः confer, compare स्वरभक्तिः पूर्वभागक्षराङ्गं द्राघीयसी सार्धमात्रेतरे च | अधोनान्या ( Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) I. 32.35; confer, compare also न संयोगं स्वरभाक्तिर्विहृान्ति Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) VI. 35; confer, compare also रेफात् खरोपहिताद् व्यञ्जनोदयाद् ऋकारवर्णा स्वरभक्तिरुत्तरा: Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) VI. 46. In Panini's grammar, however, the word अज्भाक्त, which means the same is used for स्वरभक्ति; cf ऋति ऋ वा लृति लृ वा इत्युभयत्रापि विधेयं वर्णद्वयं द्विमात्रम् | अाद्यस्य मध्ये द्वौ ; रेफौ तयोरेकां मात्रा । अभितेाज्भक्तेरपरा। S. K. on VI. 1.101.
svarabhinnadiffering in the matter of accent; words so differing are Practically looked upon as one and the same; confer, compare स्वरभिन्नानां यस्योत्तरस्वरविधिस्तस्येंकशेषो वक्यव्य: | अक्षश्च अक्षश्च अक्षौ । M. Bh on I. 2. 64 Vart. 24, For technical purposes, they are sometimes looked upon as different; confer, compare स्वरभिन्नस्य च प्राप्नुवन् विधिरनित्यः । Par. Sek. Pari. 49.
svarabheddifference in accents. See स्वराभिन्न a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page..
svaravidhia rule prescribing an accent or a modification of accent.
svaravirāmaa pause between two vowels in one and the same word as in तितउ or पउग or in two different words coming close by the visarga or य् between the two being elided, as for instance in देवा इह.
svaravivṛtti( 1 )the same as स्वरविराम which see a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page.; ( 2 ) a short treatise on Vedic accents written by a modern Vedic scholar and grammrian named Indradattopadhyaya.
svarasaṃdhieuphonic combination of two vowels, a detailed description of which . forms a small topic in the Prtisakhya and grammar works; wide Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) chapters II. 1-26; T Pr. chapters 9 and 10 Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya.III and अच्सन्धिप्रकणम् in the Siddhantakaumudi.
svarasarvanāmaa common accent; the accent which is supposed to be . present in a word when none of the three accents are definite. confer, compare एकश्रुतिः स्वरसर्वनाम यथा नपुंसकं लिङ्गसर्वनाम Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. VI. 4.174.
svarasahitoccāraṇarecital of the veda Samhita text with intonation or accents, as contrasted with एकश्रुत्युच्चारण which is specially prescribed in a few cases; tonal system showing distinction between words of different senses although pronounced alike, in the Samhita text. exempli gratia, for example नतेन and न तेन.
halsvaraprāptia possibility of the application of an accent to the consonant by the literal interpretation of rules prescribing an accent for the first or the last letter of a word, to prevent which a ruling is laid down that a consonant is not to be accented; confer, compare हल्स्वरप्राप्तौ व्यञ्जनमविद्यमानवत् Par. Sek. Pari. 80.
akṣarasamāmnāyaalphabet: traditional enumeration of phonetically independent letters generally beginning with the vowel a (अ). Although the number of letters and the order in which they are stated differ in different treatises, still, qualitatively they are much the same. The Śivasūtras, on which Pāṇini's grammar is based, enumerate 9 vowels, 4 semi-vowels, twenty five class-consonants and 4 | sibilants. The nine vowels are five simple vowels or monothongs (समानाक्षर) as they are called in ancient treatises, and the four diphthongs, (सन्ध्यक्षर ). The four semi-vowels y, v, r, l, ( य् व् र् ल् ) or antasthāvarṇa, the twenty five class-consonants or mutes called sparśa, and the four ūṣman letters ś, ṣ, s and h ( श् ष् स् ह् ) are the same in all the Prātiśākhya and grammar works although in the Prātiśākhya works the semi-vowels are mentioned after the class consonants.The difference in numbers, as noticed, for example in the maximum number which reaches 65 in the VājasaneyiPrātiśākhya, is due to the separate mention of the long and protracted vowels as also to the inclusion of the Ayogavāha letters, and their number. The Ayogavāha letters are anusvāra, visarjanīya,jihvāmulīya, upadhmānīya, nāsikya, four yamas and svarabhaktī. The Ṛk Prātiśākhya does not mention l (लृ), but adding long ā (अा) i (ई) ，ū (ऊ) and ṛ (ऋ) to the short vowels, mentions 12 vowels, and mentioning 3 Ayogavāhas (< क्, = प् and अं) lays down 48 letters. The Ṛk Tantra Prātiśākhya adds the vowel l (लृ) (short as also long) and mentions 14 vowels, 4 semivowels, 25 mutes, 4 sibilants and by adding 10 ayogavāhas viz. 4 yamas, nāsikya, visarjanīya, jihvāmulīya, upadhmānīya and two kinds of anusvāra, and thus brings the total number to 57. The Ṛk Tantra makes a separate enumeration by putting diphthongs first, long vowles afterwards and short vowels still afterwards, and puts semi-vowels first before mutes, for purposes of framing brief terms or pratyāhāras. This enumeration is called varṇopadeśa in contrast with the other one which is called varṇoddeśa. The Taittirīya prātiśākhya adds protracted vowels and lays down 60 letters : The Ṣikṣā of Pāṇini lays down 63 or 64 letters, while the Vājasaneyi-prātiśākhya gives 65 letters. confer, compare Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya.VIII. 1-25. The alphabet of the modern Indian Languages is based on the Varṇasamāmnāya given in the Vājasaneyi-prātiśākhya. The Prātiśākhyas call this enumeration by the name Varṇa-samāmnāya. The Ṛk tantra uses the terms Akṣara samāmnāya and Brahmarāśi which are picked up later on by Patañjali.confer, compare सोयमक्षरसमाम्नायो वाक्समाम्नायः पुष्पितः फलितश्चन्द्रतारकवत् प्रतिमण्डितो वेदितव्यो ब्रह्मराशिः । सर्ववेदपुण्यफलावाप्तिश्चास्य ज्ञाने भवति । मातापितरौ चास्य स्वर्गे लोके महीयेते । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). Ahnika.2-end.
akṣarāṅgaforming a part of a syllable just as the anusvāra ( nasal utterance ) or svarabhakti (vowelpart) which forms a part of the preceding syllable. confer, compare अनुस्वारो व्यञ्जनं चाक्षराङ्गम् Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) I.22, also स्वरभक्तिः पूर्वभागक्षराङ्गम् Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) I.32.
karaviṇīor कर्विणी name of a svarabhakti i. e. behaviour like the vowel लृ, noticed in the case of the consonant ल् when followed by the sibilant ह्; confer, compare करेणू रहयोर्योगे कर्विणी लहकारयोः । हरिणी रशसानां च हारिता लशकारयोः ॥ करेणुः बर् हिः । कर्विणी भलहाः Com. on Taittirīya Prātiśākhya.XXI. 15. See स्वरभक्ति.
kariṇīname of a svarabhakti i. e. behaviour like the vowel ऋ noticed in the case of the consonant र्. when it is followed by ह् e. g. बर् हिः करिणी is named करेणु also.
karviṇīA kind of svarabhakti. See करविणी.
kurviṇīa kind of svarabhakti; see कर्विणी.
gopīcandraknown also by the name गेयींचन्द्र who .has written several commentary works on the grammatical treatises of the Samksipatasara or Jaumāra school of Vyakarana founded by Kramdisvara and Jumaranandin in the 12th century, the well-known among them being the संक्षिप्तसाटीका, संक्षितसारपरिभात्रासूत्रटीका and तद्धितपरिशिष्टटीका. He is believed to have lived in the thirteenth century A. D.
ṅaña short term or Pratyahara standing for the letters ङ्, ण्, न् , झ् , and भू , casually mentioned in the Mahabhasya; confer, compare एतदप्यस्तु ञकारेण ङञो ह्र्स्वादचि ङञुण्नित्यमिति । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on Mahesvara Sutras 8, 9.
carcā(1)splitting up of a word into its component parts, which is generalty shown in the Padaptha by अवग्रहं (S). The word, hence means पदपाठ or recital by showing separately the constitutent words of the Samhita or the running text of the Veda. The word is used almost in the same sense in the Mahabhasya in respect of showing the words of a sutra separately; confer, compare न केवलानि चर्चापदानि व्याख्यानं वृद्धिः आत् ऐजिति । किं तर्हि । उदाहरणं प्रत्युदाहरणं वाक्याध्याहारः इत्येतत्समुदितं व्याख्यानं भवति M.Bh. on Mahesvara Sutra 1 Wart. 6l ; (2) a repeated word; confer, compare इतिकरणात् पुरतो यत् पुनः पदवचनं तत् चर्चाशब्देनोच्यते. Uvvata on Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya.III.20; (3) a discussion or a debate where consideration is given to each single word; confer, compare प्रर्यायशब्दानां लाघवगौरवचर्चा नाद्रियते Par. Sek. Pari. 115.
tīvrataraextreme sharpness of the nasalization at the time of pronouncing the anusvara and the fifth letters recommended by Saityayana.e. g. अग्नीररप्सुषदः, वञ्चते परिवञ्चते. confer, compare Taittirīya Prātiśākhya.XVII. 1.
dīptiexplained as स्फूर्ति or throbbing in utterance. Out of the seven svaras or yamas क्रुष्ट, प्रथम, द्वितीय, तृतीय, चतुर्थ, मन्द्र and अतिस्वार्य, the throbbing ( दीप्ति ) of the latter and latter tone leads to the perception of the former and former one: confer, compare तेषां दीप्तिजोपलब्धि: Taittirīya Prātiśākhya.XXIII. 15.
dhātupārāyaṇaa grammatical treatise dealing with roots written as a supplementary work by Jumaranandin to his grammar work called Rasavati,which itself was a thoroughly revised and enlarged edition of the रसवती a commentary written by Kramadisvara on his own grammar named संक्षिप्तसार.Jumaranandin is believed to have been a Jain writer who lived in the fifteenth century A.D.
dhātumālāa work on roots in verseform attributed to a grammarian named Isvarakanta.
dhvePersonal-ending of the second. person. Pl. Atmanepada in the present and perfect tenses. न् fifth consonant of the dental class of consonants which is possessed of the properties घोष, नादानुप्रदान, अल्पप्राणत्व, संवृतकण्ठत्व and अानुनासिक्य. In Panini's grammar the nasal consonant न् (a)is added as an augment prescribed\ \नुट् or नुम् which originally is seen as न्, but afterwards changed into अनुस्वार or परसवर्ण as required, as for example in पयांसि, यशांसि, निन्दति, वन्दति et cetera, and others; confer, compare P. VII. 1.58-73, VII. 1.7983; VIII. 3.24; (b) is changed into ण् when it directly follows upon ऋ, ॠ, र् or ष् or even intervened by a vowel, a semivowel except ल् , a guttural consonant, a labial consonant or an anusvara; confer, compare P. VIII. 4.1.1-31. (c) is substituted for the final म् of a root, e. g. प्रशान्, प्रतान् confer, compare P. VIII. 2.64, 65.
nāsikāsthānaa place in the nose where a nasal letter such as ङ्, ञ्, ण्, न् or म् and anusvara get a tinge of nasalization while passing through it. The yama letters e.g the nasal क्, ख् ,ग् , घ् get nasalization in the utterance of the words पलिक्किनः, चख्ख्नतुः, अग्ग्निः, घ्घ्नन्ति; confer, compare यमो नाम वर्णः प्रातिशाख्ये प्रसिद्धः S.K. on P. VIII. 2. 1. confer, compare also यमानुस्वारनासिक्यानां नासिके Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya.I. 74, Ṛktantra Prātiśākhya. 12.
paripannaa kind of Samdhi or coalescence characterized by the change of the consonant म् into an anusvara, as by मोनुस्वारः P. VIII. 3.23, before a sibilant or before रेफ; confer, compare रेफोष्मणोरुदययोर्मकारः अनुस्वारं तत् परिपन्नमाहुः R.Pr.IV.5; confer, compare also सम्राट्शब्द: परिसंपन्नापवाद: R.Pr.IV.7.
baśshort term or pratyahara for the consonants from ब to mute श् in the Mahesvara sutra id est, that is the consonants ब्, ग्, ड् and द्.
binduanusvara, letter pronounced only through the nose; a dot to indicate the nasal phonetic element shown in writing a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. or sometimes after that letter or vowel, after which it is uttered; confer, compare अं इत्यनुस्वारः । अकार इह उच्चारणार्थः इति बिन्दुमात्रो वर्णोनुस्वारसंज्ञो भवति ।। Kat. I.1.19.
brahmarāśithe sacred Sanskrit alphabet given in the fourteen sutras of Mahesvara, named Aksarasamamnaya which is called ब्रह्मराशि as it contains the basic letters of शब्द which is Brahma according to Grammarians; confer, compare सोयमक्षरसमाम्नायो वाक्यसमाम्नायः पुष्पितः फलितश्चन्द्रतारकवत् प्रतिमण्डितो वेदितव्यो ब्रह्मराशिः Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). Ahnika 2 end; confer, compare also एते पञ्चषष्टिवर्णा ब्रह्मराशिरात्मवाचः V. Pr.VIII. 25.
bha(1)the letter or sound भ् with the vowel अ added for facility of utterance; (2) a technical term in the Grammar of Panini given to a noun base before such case and taddhita affixes as begin with any vowel or with the consonant य्. The utility of this designation of भ to the base is (l) to prevent the substitutes which are enjoined for the final vowel or consonant of a pada (a word ending with a case-affix or a base before case and taddhita affix. affixes beginning with any consonant excepting य् ) just as the substitution of Visarga, anusvara, the first or third consonant, and others given in P. VIII. 4.37 and the following. For the various changes and operations for a base termed भ see P. VI. 4.129 to 175.
yayshort term (प्रत्याहार) for sonants beginning with य् ( in हयवरट्) and ending before the ; mute letter य् ( in कपय् ) id est, that is all consonants except! श्, ष्, स्, and ह्; confer, compare अनुस्वारस्य ययि परसवर्णः P.VIII 4. 58 by which an anusvara is changed into a cognate letter of the following which is a letter included in यय्.
yastaddhita affix. affix य with mute स् to indicate the application of the term पद् to the preceding base as a consequence of which the final म् of the words कम् and शम्, after which यस् is prescribed, gets changed into anusvara e. g. कंयु:, दंयु:: cf P.W.2.138.
yogavāhaa technical term used for phonetic elements or letters which are mentioned in the alphabet of Panini, viz., the Mahesvara sutras in contrast with the term अयोगवाह which is used by grammarians for the phonetic elements अनुस्वार, विसर्ग and others which are not mentionedition ,See अयोगवाह; confer, compare also M. Bh on Siva sutra 5.
ṛword-form of the ajbhakti or svarabhakti ( a term used in the ancient Prātiśākhya works), where ऋ is looked upon as the consonant र् surrounded by, or followed by the nature of a vowel. ऋ as a vowel is possessed of one mātrā of which in svarabhakti, the consonant र् possesses half and the svarabhakti possesses half: cf रेफात् स्वरोपहिताह्यञ्जनोदयाद् ऋकारवर्णा स्वरभाक्तिरूत्तरा Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) VI.13.
varṇasamāmnāyaa collection of letters or alphabet given traditionally. Although the Sanskrit alphabet has got everywhere the same cardinal letters id est, that is vowels अ, इ et cetera, and others, consonants क्, ख् etc : semivowels य्, र्, ल्, व, sibilants श् ष् स् ह् and a few additional phonetic units such as अनुस्वार, विसर्ग and others, still their number and order differ in the different traditional enumerations. Panini has not mentioned them actually but the fourteen Siva Sutras, on which he has based his work, mention only 9 vowels and 34 consonants, the long vowels being looked upon as varieties of the short ones. The Siksa of Panini mentions 63 or 64 letters, adding the letter ळ ( दुःस्पृष्ट ); confer, compare त्रिषष्टि: चतुःषष्टिर्वा वर्णाः शम्भुमते मताः Panini Siksa. St.3. The Rk Pratisakhya adds four (Visarga, Jihvamuliya, Upadhmaniya and Anusvara ) to the forty three given in the Siva Sutras and mentions 47. The Taittiriya Pratisakhya mentions 52 letters viz. 16 vowels, 25class consonants, 4 semivowels,six sibilants (श्, ष् , स्, ह् , क्, प् , ) and anusvara. The Vajasaneyi Pratisakhya mentions 65 letters 3 varieties of अ, इ, उ, ऋ and लृ, two varieties of ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, 25 class-consonants, four semivowels, four sibilants, and जिह्वामूलीय, उपध्मानीय, अनुस्वार, विसर्जनीय, नासिक्य and four यम letters; confer, compare एते पञ्चषष्टिवर्णा ब्रह्मराशिरात्मवाचः Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya.VIII. 25. The Rk Tantra gives 57 letters viz. 14 vowels, 25 class consonants, 4 semivowels, 4 sibilants, Visarga,.Jihvamuliya, Upadhmaniya, Anunasika, 4_yamas and two Anusvaras. The Rk Tantra gives two different serial orders, the Uddesa (common) and the Upadesa (traditional). The common order or Uddesa gives the 14 vowels beginning with अ, then the 25 class consonants, then the four semivowels, the four sibilants and lastly the eight ayogavahas, viz. the visarjanya and others. The traditional order gives the diphthongs first, then long vowels ( अा, ऋ, लॄ, ई and ऊ ) then short vowels (ऋ, लृ, इ, उ, and lastly अ ), then semivowels, then the five fifth consonants, the five fourths, the five thirds, the five seconds, the five firsts, then the four sibilants and then the eight ayogavaha letters and two Ausvaras instead of one anuswara. Panini appears to have followed the traditional order with a few changes that are necessary for the technigue of his work.
vṛttisamavāyaserial arrangement of letters in a specific way ( as for instance in the Mahesvara Sutras) for the sake of grammatical functions; confer, compare वृत्तिसमवायार्थं उपदेशः | वृत्तिः शास्त्रप्रवृत्तिः। समवायॊ वर्णानामानुपूर्व्येण सांनवेशः Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on Ahnika I.
vedalanguage of the Vedic Literature as contrasted with the term लॊकः; confer, compare नैव लोके न च वेदे अकारो विवृतोस्ति Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on Mahesvara Sutra; confer, compare also रक्षार्थं वेदानामध्येयं व्याकरणम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ).Ahnika 1. The term वैदिक referring to words found in Vedic language is also frequently used in the Mahabhasya. Panini, however, has used the term छन्दस्, मन्त्र and निगम, and not वेद, out of which the first term छन्दस् is often used; confer, compare बहुलं छन्दसि P. II. 4.39, 76: III, 2.88; V. 2.122; or छन्दसि च P. V. 1.67, V. 4.142, VI. 3.126. VI. l.34, VII. 1.8, et cetera, and others
vyākaraṇasudhānighia gloss on the Sutras of Panini written by Visvesvara.
śuddhāśubodhasūtrārthavyākaraṇaa gloss on the Asubodha-grammar, written by a grammarian named Ramesvara.
śaityāyanaan ancient Grammarian and Vedic scholar who is quoted in the Taittiriya Pratisakhya for recommending a sharp and distinct nasalisation of the anusvara and the fifth class-consonants; confer, compare तत्रितरमानुनासिक्यमनुस्वारोत्तमेषु इति शैत्यायन: Taittirīya Prātiśākhya.XVII. 1.
hūthe last of the spirant consonants, | which is a glottal, voiced letter called also ऊष्म or spirant of a partial contact, i. e. possessed of the properties कण्ठय, नादानुप्रदान, ऊष्म and ईषत्स्पृष्टत्व. This letter has been given twice in the Paninian alphabet, viz. the Mahesvara Sutras, and the Bhasyakara has given the purpose of it, viz. the technical utility of being included among soft consonants along with semi-vowels, nasals and the fifth, the fourth, and the third class-consonants (हश् अश् et cetera, and others),as also among the hard consonants along with the fourth and the third class-letters and spirants ( झ्लू, ). The second letter हू in हल् appears, however, to have only a technical utility,as the purpose of its place there among spirants is served by the jihvamuliya and the Upadhmaniya letters which are,in fact, the velar and the labial spirants respectively, besides the other three शू, षू and सू .The Rk Pratisakhya calls ह as a chest sound. For details, see Mahabhasya on the Siva Sutra हयवरट् Varttikas 1, 2 and 3.
haṃstapadāname given to a kind of svarabhakti,when the consonant. र, followed by ष्, is read as र + ष्+ ह् इकार See ह् as also ह.
hariṇiname of a kind of svarabhakti when r ( र् ) followed by s ( श् ) and s ( स् ) is read as र + इ +श् and र + इ +स् respectively.
     Vedabase Search  		 65 results
     
svara musical rhythmSB 2.1.36
svara of musical soundSB 10.35.14-15
svara of musical tonesSB 10.34.23
svara singing meterSB 1.6.32
svara soundsMM 18
svara tone of voiceSB 10.55.33
svara vowelsSB 11.21.38-40
SB 12.6.43
svara with the sweet soundsSB 4.6.29
svara-bhańga faltering of the voiceCC Madhya 15.279
svara-bhańga faltering of the voiceCC Madhya 15.279
svara-bhańga faltering voiceCC Madhya 25.68
svara-bhańga faltering voiceCC Madhya 25.68
svara-bhańge with faltering of the voiceCC Madhya 15.164
svara-bhańge with faltering of the voiceCC Madhya 15.164
svara-bheda choking of the voiceCC Madhya 2.72
svara-bheda choking of the voiceCC Madhya 2.72
svara-brahmaṇi in spiritual soundSB 6.5.22
svara-brahmaṇi in spiritual soundSB 6.5.22
svara-jātīḥ pure musical tonesSB 10.33.9
svara-jātīḥ pure musical tonesSB 10.33.9
svaraḥ the different intonationsSB 11.12.17
svaraḥ vowelsSB 3.12.47
svaraiḥ by their voicesSB 10.72.22
svaram a soundSB 10.79.6
svaram the fifteen vibrations produced with anusvāraSB 11.14.34
svaram the sacred sound oṃkāraSB 12.11.11-12
svaram voiceSB 6.14.47
svarasaḥ SvarasaSB 5.20.10
vaṃśī-svara-ādi such as the vibration of the fluteCC Madhya 23.50
su-svara-akṣara by her sweet voiceSB 5.2.6
bhāsvaram always brilliant with spiritual raysSB 8.4.17-24
bhāsvaram brilliantSB 10.34.32
bhāsvaram luminousSB 10.88.25-26
bhāsvaram luminousSB 11.25.13
pika-svara-kaṇṭha a very sweet voice like a cuckoo'sCC Antya 13.128
madhura-svara-kaṇṭhī who has a very sweet voiceCC Madhya 23.33
kārtasvara goldSB 1.17.4
kārtasvara-pariṣkṛtam bedecked with golden filigreeSB 4.9.39-40
kārtasvara of goldSB 6.10.19-22
madhura-svara-kaṇṭhī who has a very sweet voiceCC Madhya 23.33
manda-svara very softlyCC Antya 10.78
kārtasvara-pariṣkṛtam bedecked with golden filigreeSB 4.9.39-40
pika-svara-kaṇṭha a very sweet voice like a cuckoo'sCC Antya 13.128
su-svara-akṣara by her sweet voiceSB 5.2.6
su-svaram in a very sweet voiceSB 6.14.53
su-svaram it was very sweet to hearSB 9.10.25
su-svaram loudlySB 10.32.1
su-svaram loudlySB 10.39.31
su-svaram loudlySB 10.44.44
susvaram loudlySB 4.28.47
su-svara-akṣara by her sweet voiceSB 5.2.6
uccaiḥ-svara loud voiceCC Madhya 13.120
madhura-svara-kaṇṭhī who has a very sweet voiceCC Madhya 23.33
vaṃśī-svara-ādi such as the vibration of the fluteCC Madhya 23.50
manda-svara very softlyCC Antya 10.78
pika-svara-kaṇṭha a very sweet voice like a cuckoo'sCC Antya 13.128
su-svaram in a very sweet voiceSB 6.14.53
su-svaram it was very sweet to hearSB 9.10.25
su-svaram loudlySB 10.32.1
su-svaram loudlySB 10.39.31
su-svaram loudlySB 10.44.44
uccaiḥ-svara loud voiceCC Madhya 13.120
udbhāsvara symptoms of bodily manifestationCC Madhya 23.51
vaṃśī-svara-ādi such as the vibration of the fluteCC Madhya 23.50
     DCS with thanks   		 42 results
     
svara noun (masculine) a note of the musical scale (of which seven [rarely six or eight] are enumerated) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a symbolical expression for the number "seven" (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a vowel (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
accent (of which there are three kinds) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
air breathed through the nostrils (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Viṣṇu (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noise (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
sound (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
tone in recitation etc. (either high or low) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
voice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 936/72933
svarabandhanikā noun (feminine) a kind of plant
Frequency rank 72128/72933
svarabhaṅga noun (masculine) hoarseness (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
stammering (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 72130/72933
svarabheda noun (masculine) difference of accent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
difference of musical tones (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
hoarseness (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
indistinctness of utterance (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
simulation of voice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 8902/72933
svarabhedapratiṣedha noun (masculine) name of Suśrutasaṃhitā, Utt. 53
Frequency rank 72131/72933
svarabrahman noun (neuter) the sacred texts (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 72129/72933
svaraghna noun (masculine) name of a particular disease of the throat (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 25989/72933
svarahan noun (masculine)
Frequency rank 72135/72933
svarakṣatā noun (feminine)
Frequency rank 72125/72933
svarakṣaya noun (masculine) loss of voice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 72126/72933
svarala noun (neuter) gold
Frequency rank 72132/72933
svaramātrā noun (feminine) strength of sound (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 31213/72933
svarasa noun (masculine) a particular astringent juice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
analogy (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
juice of a plant name of a mountain (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
natural flavour (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
own inclination (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
own juice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
proper taste in composition (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the sediment of oily substances ground on a stone (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 1845/72933
svarasā noun (feminine) the ichneumon plant
Frequency rank 72133/72933
svarasāda noun (masculine) loss of voice
Frequency rank 41311/72933
svarasīkṛ verb (class 8 ātmanepada) to extract the svarasa from a substance to make sth. into a svarasa
Frequency rank 72134/72933
svarati noun (masculine) [gramm.] root svar
Frequency rank 41310/72933
svaratikrama noun (masculine) reaching Vaikuṇṭha (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
stepping beyond heaven (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 72127/72933
atibhāsvara adjective shining brightly
Frequency rank 26180/72933
apasvara adjective
Frequency rank 26453/72933
abhāsvara adjective not shining
Frequency rank 44096/72933
asvara adjective having a bad or croaking voice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
having no accent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
having no vowel (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
indistinct (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
not loud (as the voice) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 18959/72933
ābhāsvara adjective bright (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
shining (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 46497/72933
ābhāsvara noun (masculine) name of a class of deities (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a particular set of twelve subjects (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 23376/72933
kārtasvara noun (neuter) gold (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the thorn-apple (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 12892/72933
kārttasvara noun (masculine) name of a hero
Frequency rank 34006/72933
khasvara noun (masculine)
Frequency rank 27764/72933
khasvaratā noun (feminine)
Frequency rank 34501/72933
pratyāsvara adjective reflecting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
shining back (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 59117/72933
prabhāsvara adjective clear (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
shrill (as a voice) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 37321/72933
bhāsvara noun (neuter) Costus Arabicus or Speciosus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
gold
Frequency rank 60730/72933
bhāsvara adjective bright (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
brilliant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
resplendent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
shining (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 3664/72933
bhāsvara noun (masculine) a day (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a Buddhist deity (?) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a satellite of the god of the sun (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the sun (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
[rel.] name of Viṣṇu
Frequency rank 24902/72933
bhāsvaravant adjective brilliant shining
Frequency rank 60731/72933
mahābhāsvara noun (masculine) [rel.] name of Viṣṇu
Frequency rank 61796/72933
vikasvara adjective blown (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
candid (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
clear (as sound) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
expanded (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
opened (as eyes) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 20036/72933
visvara noun (masculine) discord (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 39602/72933
visvara adjective discordant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
dissonant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
having no sound (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
pronounced with a wrong accent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 11432/72933
śikṣāsvara noun (masculine)
Frequency rank 67547/72933
susvara adjective harmonious (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
having a beautiful voice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
loud (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
melodious (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
well-sounding (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 20347/72933
susvara noun (masculine) a conch (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of Garuḍa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the right tone or accent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 22687/72933
hatasvara adjective hoarse (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
one who has lost his voice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

Frequency rank 41359/72933
Ayurvedic Medical
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rogarogavāda

a ‘debate on illness and health’ authored by Vīresvara (17th Century )
     Wordnet Search "svara" has 40 results.
     

svara

svaraḥ, acvarṇaḥ, ajakṣaram   

saḥ varṇaḥ yasya uccāraṇārthe anyavarṇasya āvaśyakatā nāsti।

hindībhāṣāyāṃ trayodaśāḥ svarāḥ santi।

svara

hrasvasvaraḥ, hrasvaḥ   

alpakālamātraḥ svaraḥ।

a iti hrasvasvaraḥ।

svara

dīrghasvaraḥ, dīrghaḥ   

drāghimavān svaraḥ।

om ityasmin dīrghasvaraḥ asti।

svara

śabdaḥ, dhvaniḥ, svanaḥ, nisvanaḥ, svānaḥ, nisvānaḥ, nādaḥ, ninādaḥ, ninadaḥ, nāditaḥ, anunādaḥ, nirhrādaḥ, saṃhrādaḥ, nirghoṣaḥ, ghoṣaḥ, nighuṣṭam, ravaḥ, rāvaḥ, ārāvaḥ, virāvaḥ, saṃrāvaḥ, āravaḥ, svaraḥ, dhvānaḥ, dhvanaḥ, nidhvānaḥ, svaniḥ, svanitam, kvaṇaḥ, raṇaḥ, kuṇindaḥ, ghuḥ, pratyayaḥ, tumulaḥ   

yaḥ śrutimpannaḥ।

tīvreṇa śabdena tasya ekāgratā bhagnā।

svara

vacanam, vāṇī, svaraḥ, gīḥ, girā, ravaḥ, vāk, kaṇaṭharavaḥ, vacas, uktaḥ, vyāhāraḥ, vyāhṛtiḥ, bhāṣitam, lapitam, kaṇṭhadhvaniḥ   

manuṣyasya mukhāt nirgataḥ sārthaḥ śabdaḥ।

tad vacanaṃ vada yad subhāṣitam asti।

svara

svarasādhanā   

saṃgīte pūrṇatāṃ prāptuṃ kṛtaḥ svarasya abhyāsaḥ।

gāyakāḥ prāyaḥ prātaḥ svarasādhanāṃ kurvanti।

svara

suvarṇam, svarṇam, kanakam, hiraṇyam, hema, hāṭakam, kāñcanam, tapanīyam, śātakumbham, gāṅgeyam, bharmam, karvaram, cāmīkaram, jātarūpam, mahārajatam, rukmam, kārtasvaram, jāmbunadam, aṣṭāpadam, śātakaumbham, karcuram, rugmam, bhadram, bhūri, piñjaram, draviṇam, gairikam, cāmpeyam, bharuḥ, candraḥ, kaladhautam, abhrakam, agnibījam, lohavaram, uddhasārukam, sparśamaṇiprabhavam, mukhyadhātu, ujjvalam, kalyāṇam, manoharam, agnivīryam, agni, bhāskaram, piñajānam, apiñjaram, tejaḥ, dīptam, agnibham, dīptakam, maṅgalyam, saumañjakam, bhṛṅgāram, jāmbavam, āgneyam, niṣkam, agniśikham   

dhātuviśeṣaḥ-pītavarṇīyaḥ dhātuḥ yaḥ alaṅkāranirmāṇe upayujyate।

suvarṇasya mūlyaṃ vardhitam।

svara

svaramādhuryam   

saṅgīte svarasya layabaddhaṃ rūpam।

svaramādhuryeṇa gajala iti saṅgītaprakārasya saundaryaṃ vardhate।

svara

vāyuḥ, vātaḥ, anilaḥ, pavanaḥ, pavamānaḥ, prabhañjanaḥ, śvasanaḥ, sparśanaḥ, mātariśvā, sadāgatiḥ, pṛṣadaśvaḥ, gandhavahaḥ, gandhavāhaḥ, āśugaḥ, samīraḥ, mārutaḥ, marut, jagatprāṇaḥ, samīraṇaḥ, nabhasvān, ajagatprāṇaḥ, khaśvāsaḥ, vābaḥ, dhūlidhvajaḥ, phaṇipriyaḥ, vātiḥ, nabhaḥprāṇaḥ, bhogikāntaḥ, svakampanaḥ, akṣatiḥ, kampalakṣmā, śasīniḥ, āvakaḥ, hariḥ, vāsaḥ, sukhāśaḥ, mṛgavābanaḥ, sāraḥ, cañcalaḥ, vihagaḥ, prakampanaḥ, nabhaḥ, svaraḥ, niśvāsakaḥ, stanūnaḥ, pṛṣatāmpatiḥ, śīghraḥ   

viśvagamanavān viśvavyāpī tathā ca yasmin jīvāḥ śvasanti।

vāyuṃ vinā jīvanasya kalpanāpi aśakyā।

svara

śiśnaḥ, puliṅgam, puṃścihnam, upasthaḥ, jaghanyam, naraṅgam, puruṣāṅgam, carmadaṇḍaḥ, svarastambhaḥ, upasthaḥ, madanāṅkuśaḥ, kandarpamuṣalaḥ, śephaḥ, mehanam, meḍhraḥ, lāṅguḥ, dhvajaḥ, rāgalatā, lāṅgūlam, sādhanam, sephaḥ, kāmāṅkuśaḥ, vyaṅgaḥ   

avayavaviśeṣaḥ, puruṣasya jananendriyam।

yāvatāmeva dhātūnāṃ liṅgaṃ rūḍhigataṃ bhavet arthaścaivābhidheyastu tāvadbhirguṇavigrahaḥ

svara

sasvara-paṭhanam   

likhitaṃ sāhityaṃ svareṇa saha paṭhanam।

bālakasya sasvarapaṭhanaṃ śrutvā janāḥ muditāḥ।

svara

dyumat, dyutikar, dyutimat, dyotana, dyoti, dyotamāna, ujvala, kāntimat, kiraṇamaya, utprabha, ullasa, ullasita, prakāśavat, prakāśaka, prakāśamāna, prakāśat, prakāśin, citra, tejasvat, tejasvin, tejomaya, taijasa, añjimat, atiśukra, abhirucira, abhivirājita, abhiśobhita, abhīṣumat, amanda, avabhāsita, avabhāsin, ābhāsvara, ārocana, ābhāsura, iddha, utprabha, udīrṇadīdhiti, uddyota, uddyotita, kanakatālābha, kanakaprabha, kanala, kāśī, kāśīṣṇu, ketu, taijasa, dīdi, dīdivi, dīpta, dīptimat, dyotamāna, dhauta, punāna, prakhya, prabhāvat, bṛhajjyotis, bhāskara, bhāsura, bhāsvara, bhāsvat, bhāsayat, rukmābha, rucita, rucira, rucya, ruśat, roca, rocana, rocamāna, rociṣṇu, varcasvin, vidyotamāna, virukmat, vicakṣaṇa, virājamāna, śuklabhāsvara, śundhyu, śubhāna, śubhra, śubhri, śumbhamāna, śobha, śobhamāna, sutāra, suteja, sudīpta, sudyotman, supraketa, suprabha, suruk, suvibhāta, sphurat, hiraṇyanirṇij, hiraṇyanirṇig   

yasmin dīptiḥ asti athavā yasya varṇaḥ ābhāyuktaḥ asti।

prācyadeśāt āgatena tena dūtena tat dyumat ratnaṃ rājasabhāyāṃ rājñe samarpitam।

svara

susvara   

madhuraḥ svaraḥ।

gītā sarasvatīvandanāyāḥ susvaraṃ gānaṃ gāyati।

svara

visvara   

niyatasvarāt dūrībhūtaḥ।

saḥ visvaraṃ saṅgītaṃ gāyati।

svara

madhyamasvaraḥ   

saṅgītasya saptasvareṣu caturthaḥ svaraḥ।

sā madhyamasvare gāyati। /madhyamasvaraḥ krauñcasvaratulyaḥ asti।

svara

svaramātrā   

svaranirdeśārthe cihnam;

vā ityatra ākārasya mātrā asti

svara

tālaikyam, svaraikyam, svarasaṅgaḥ, svaraikatā, ekatālaḥ, layaḥ, ekatānaḥ   

gītagāyanasya viśeṣā tathā ca śobhanīyā paddhatiḥ।

asyāḥ gāyakyaḥ tālaikyaṃ madhuram asti।

svara

svaraḥ, ravaḥ, kaṇṭharavaḥ, kaṇṭhadhvaniḥ   

paśukaṇṭhotthitamṛdutīvrādiyuktaḥ dhvaniḥ।

tasya svaraḥ madhuraḥ asti।

svara

svaraḥ   

tantrīkaṇṭhotthitaniṣādādisaptadhvaniḥ।

saṅgītasya sapta svarāḥ ṣaḍjaḥ,ṛṣabhaḥ,gāndhāraḥ,madhyamaḥ,pañcamaḥ,dhaivataḥ tathā ca niṣādaḥ asti।

svara

pañcamasvaraḥ   

saṅgīte pañcamasvaraḥ।

pa iti pañcamasvaraḥ।

svara

vādyasvaraḥ   

komalatātīvratādibhiḥ yuktaḥ dhvaniḥ yaḥ vādyayantrasya vādanena jāyate।

vādyasvaraḥ kalāgṛhe anunadati।

svara

vāsaraḥ, divasaḥ, dinam, ghasraḥ, ahaḥ, bhāsvaraḥ, divā, vāraḥ, aṃśakaḥ, dyuḥ, aṃśakam   

kālaviśeṣaḥ, sūryodayāt sūryodayaparyantam kālam ।

vāsarasya aṣṭabhāgāḥ santi।

svara

antaḥsthaḥ, ardhasvaraḥ   

madhye sthitaḥ।

ya ra la va itye antaḥsthāḥ santi।

svara

galasvaraḥ   

vādyaviśeṣaḥ।

galasvaraḥ vāyuvādyam asti।

svara

svarapradhānaḥ   

rāgaviśeṣaḥ।

svarapradhāne svarasya pradhānatā vartate na tu tālasya।

svara

svaranābhiḥ   

prācīnakālīnaḥ vādyaviśeṣaḥ।

svaranābhiḥ vāyuvādyam āsīt।

svara

svarabhaṅgaḥ   

rogaviśeṣaḥ yasmin kaṇṭhāt aspaṣṭaḥ svaraḥ āgacchati।

gāyakaḥ svarabhaṅgena pīḍitaḥ।

svara

svaramaṇḍalam   

vādyaviśeṣaḥ।

svaramaṇḍale tantryaḥ santi।

svara

avyaktavādī, aspaṣṭavādī, skhalatsadadavādī, skhalitasvaraḥ   

yaḥ spaṣṭaṃ na vadati।

avyaktavādinaḥ vacanāni śrutvā sarve ahasan।

svara

visvaraḥ   

vijharjharasya svarasya avasthā bhāvaḥ vā।

visvarasya kāraṇāt kopi mahyaṃ gānaṃ prastotuṃ na kathayati।

svara

kaladhvaniḥ, sausvaryam, svarasampad, svarasampat, kaladhautam, nīthā   

hṛdyaḥ nyuṅkhaḥ ca dhvaniḥ।

himālayastha-jalavāyuvṛkṣebhyaḥ utpannaṃ kaladhvaniṃ karṇaiḥ pītvā kaivalyam anubhūyate।

svara

aśabda, nisvara   

yad śabdaiḥ vyaktaṃ na bhavati।

aśabdā vṛttiḥ api sarvaṃ sūcayati।

svara

svarakṣita   

svaśaktyā rakṣitam।

rājñaḥ svarakṣitā senā kadāpi na parājitā।

svara

antaḥsthavarṇaḥ, ardhasvaraḥ   

ya ra la va ityādayaḥ catvāraḥ varṇāḥ।

sparśāṇām uṣmaṇāṃ ca madhye vartamānatvāt ete antaḥsthavarṇāḥ iti kathyante।

svara

ātmarakṣā, svarakṣā   

svasya rakṣā।

ātmarakṣā prathamaṃ kartavyā।

svara

bhāsvaraḥ   

devatānāṃ pragrahaḥ ।

bhāsvarasya ullekhaḥ mahābhārate vartate

svara

svarakṣuḥ   

ekā nadī ।

svarakṣoḥ ullekhaḥ mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe asti

svara

svarasaḥ   

ekaḥ parvataḥ ।

svarasasya ullekhaḥ purāṇeṣu asti

svara

kapisvaraḥ   

ekaḥ puruṣaḥ ।

kapisvarasya ullekhaḥ koṣe asti

svara

ābhāsvaraḥ   

dvādaśānāṃ viṣayāṇāṃ viśiṣṭaḥ gaṇaḥ ।

ābhāsvarasya ullekhaḥ koṣe asti








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