Sanskrit Dictionary

[ confer, compare nāsā-, nāsikā-; Latin nas-turciunm,na1res; Lithuanian no4sis; Slavonic or Slavonian nosu7; German Nase; Anglo-Saxon nosu; English nose,nostril=nose-thrill,nose-hole.]

puṃs

m. (the strong cases from pumāns-[ see

]; sg. Nominal verb p/umān-; vocative case p/umas-or p/uman-; accusative p/umāṃsam-; dual number Nominal verb p/umāṃsau-; plural Nominal verb p/umāṃsas-[irreg. puṃsas-

];the weak from puṃs-[ exempli gratia, 'for example' sg. instrumental case puṃs/ā-; locative case puṃs/i- accusative plural puṃs/as-],which loses its s-before consonants[ exempli gratia, 'for example' instrumental case plural pum-bh/is-; locative case plural puṃs/u-];for puṃs-, in the beginning of a compound See

) a man, a male being

etc.

rodas

n. dual number (prob. connected with rudra-; see rodas/ī-) heaven and earth (only in the beginning of a compound and in genitive case r/odasoḥ-

)

rodasī

f. (sg.) Name of lightning as wife of rudra- and companion of the marut-s (also rodas/ī-)

sac

(connected with2. sajj-, sañj-, sakh-; confer, compare sap-) cl.1 A1. (

) s/acate- (in

also P. sacati-and s/iṣakti-,2. sg. s/aścasi-,3. plural saścati-,2. 3. plural saścata-,1. sg. A1. saśce-; parasmE-pada s/acamāna-, sacān/a-and s/aścat-or saśc/at-[ quod vide ]; perfect tense Ved. saścima-, saśc/uḥ-; A1. saścir/e-

; secire-

; Aorist 3. plural asakṣata-

; sakṣat-, sakṣata-, sakṣante-, sakṣīm/ahi-

; asaciṣṭa- grammar; future sacitā-, saciṣyate-

; infinitive mood sac/adhyai-

), to be associated or united with, have to do with, be familiar with, associate one's self with (instrumental case)

; be possessed of, enjoy (instrumental case or accusative)

; to take part or participate in, suffer, endure (instrumental case)

; to belong to, be attached or devoted to, serve, follow, seek, pursue, favour, assist (accusative)

; to he connected with (instrumental case)

; to fall to the lot of (accusative)

; to be together

; (s/iṣakti-), to go after, follow, accompany, adhere or be attached to (accusative)

; to help any one to anything (two dative case)

; to abide in (locative case)

; (3. plural saścati-and saścata-), to follow, obey

; to belong to (accusative)

; to be devoted to or fond of (accusative)

[ confer, compare Greek ; Latin sequor; Lithuanian seku4.]

sad

cl.1. or cl.6. P. (

) sīdati- (Epic also te-;Ved. s/adati-or s/īdati-, te-; perfect tense sas/āda-, sas/attha-, sed/us-, sedir/e-

; sīdatus-

; sasadyāt-.

; Aorist asadat-[ confer, compare present tense stem-] grammar;2. 3. sg. s/atsi-, s/atsat-

; asādīt-

; future sattā- grammar; satsyati-

; sīdiṣyati-

; infinitive mood s/ade-

; sattum-

; sīditum-

; ind.p. -s/adya-, -s/adam-

; -sādam-

), to sit down (especially at a sacrifice), sit upon or in or at (accusative or locative case)

; to sit down before, besiege, lie in wait for, watch (accusative)

; to sink down, sink into despondency or distress, become faint or wearied or dejected or low-spirited, despond, despair, pine or waste away, perish

etc. : Passive voice sadyate- (Aorist asādi-, sādi-

) : Causal sād/ayati-, te- (Aorist asīṣadat-), to cause to sit down or be seated, place down, put upon or in (locative case)

etc. ; to put in distress, afflict, weary, exhaust, ruin, destroy

etc.: Desiderative siṣatsati- grammar : Intensive sāsadyate- (grammar also sāsatti-), to sit down in an indecent posture

[ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin sidere,sedere; Lithuanian se4sti,sede4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian se8sti; Gothic sitan; German sitzen; Anglo-Saxon sittan; English sit.]

sah

cl.1 A1. (

) s/ahate- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also ti-and exceptionally sāhati-,once in

sg. sahyāmi-; parasmE-pada s/ahat- s/ahamāna-[ q.v ]; perfect tense sehe-, sasāha-; Vedic or Veda also sasāh/e-and sāsāhat-; sās/ahat-; sāsahīṣṭ/āḥ-,; sāsahy/āma-,; parasmE-pada sehān/a-, sāsahān/a-, sāsahv/as-and sāhv/as-[ q.v ]; Aorist asākṣi-, sākṣi-, sākṣate-

; sākṣīt-

; sakṣati-

; sakṣat-, s/ākṣāma-

; imperative sakṣi-, sākṣva-

; parasmE-pada s/akṣat-

; /asahisṭa-

; preceding sahyās-, sāhy/āma-

; sākṣīya-.

; s/āhiṣīm/ahi-

; future soḍhā-

etc.; sahitā- grammar; sakṣyati-

, te-

; sākṣye-[?]

; -sahiṣyati-, te-

; Conditional asahisyat-

; infinitive mood s/ahadhyai-

; s/āḍhyai-

; soḍhum-, sahitum-

; ind.p. soḍhvā-

; sādhvā-, sahitvā- grammar; s/ahya-

etc.; s/aham-

), to prevail, be victorious ; to overcome, vanquish, conquer, defeat (enemies), gain, win (battles)

; to offer violence to (accusative)

; to master, suppress, restrain

etc. ; to be able to or capable of (infinitive mood or locative case)

; to bear up against, resist, withstand

etc. ; to bear, put up with, endure, suffer, tolerate (with na-,"to grudge")

etc. ; to be lenient towards, have patience with any one (genitive case)

; to spare any one

; to let pass, approve anything

; (with kalam-, kala-kṣepam-etc.) to bide or wait patiently for the right time

: Causal or cl.10. sāhayati- (Aorist asīṣahat-), to forbear

: Desiderative of Causal sisāhayiṣati-

: Desiderative s/īkṣate- (parasmE-pada s/īkṣat-; according to to

, also sisahiṣa-), to wish to overcome

: Intensive sāsaṣyate-, sāsoḍhi- (see sāsah/i-) grammar ([ see sahas-and for ; , .])

san

cl.1 P., cl.8. P. A1. (

) s/anati-, te- or san/oti-, sanute- (A1.rare and only in non-conjugational tenses; perfect tense sas/āna-

; parasmE-pada sasav/as-

f. sasan/uṣī-

; sasanivas-or senivas- grammar; sene-

; Aorist asāniṣam-[Subj. saniṣat- A1. saniṣāsmahe-, s/aniṣanta-]

; imperative s/aniṣantu-

; seṣam-, set-

; asāta- grammar; preceding sanyāt-, sāyāt-

; future sanitā-

; saniṣy/ati-

; infinitive mood sanitum- grammar), to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy

; to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute

; (A1.) to be successful, be granted or fulfilled

: Passive voice sanyate- or sāyate-

: Causal sānayati- (Aorist asīṣaṇat-) grammar : Desiderative of Causal sisānayiṣati-.

: Desiderative sisaniṣati- (grammar) or s/iṣāsati- (? sīṣatī-

), to wish to acquire or obtain

; to wish to procure or bestow

: Intensive saṃsanyate-, sāsāyate-, saṃsanti- (grammar), to gain or acquire repeatedly (only 3. plural saniṣṇata-

śi

(according to to some = śo-) cl.3 P. śiśāti- (imperative ś/iśīhi-, śādhi-), to grant, bestow

(see

) ; to present or satisfy with (instrumental case)

; cl.5 P. A1. (

) śinoti-, śinute- (parasmE-pada śiṣāya-, śiṣye-; Aorist aśaiṣīt-, aśeṣṭa- future śeṣyati-, te-), to sharpen.

sic

cl.6 P. A1. (

) siñc/ati-, te- (once in

, s/ecate- perfect tense siṣeca-, siṣice-[in

also sisicuḥ-, sisice-]; Aorist asicat-, cata-[Gr. also asikta-]; subjunctive sicāmahe-

; preceding sicyāt-

; future sekṣyati-, te-

etc.; infinitive mood sektum-

sektavai-

; ind.p. siktvā-

; -s/icya-

; -secam-or -sekam-,

), to pour out, discharge, emit, shed, infuse or pour into or on (locative case)

etc. etc. ; to emit semen, impregnate

; to scatter in small drops, sprinkle, besprinkle or moisten with (instrumental case)

etc. ; to dip, soak, steep

; to cast or form anything out of molten metal etc. (2 accusative)

: Passive voice sicyate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist aseci-), to be poured out or sprinkled

etc. etc.: Causal secayati-, te- (Epic also siñcayati-; Aorist asīṣicat-or asīsicat-), to cause to pour out etc. ; to sprinkle, water (plants etc.)

: Desiderative siṣikṣati- or sisikṣati- ; te- grammar (confer, compare sisikṣā-): Intensive sesicyate-, sesekti-. ([ confer, compare Zend hincaiti; Greek [?] ; Anglo-Saxon seo4n; German seihen,seichen.])

sidh

cl.1 P. (

) s/edhati- (in later language also te-; perfect tense siṣedha-, Epic also siṣidhe-; Aorist asedhīt- grammar also asaitsīt-; future seddhā-or sedhitā- grammar; setsyati-or sedhiṣyati-

etc.; infinitive mood seddhum-

etc.; sedhitum- grammar; ind.p. -s/idhya-

), to drive off, scare away, repel, restrain, hinder

; to punish, chastise

; to ordain, instruct

; to turn out well or auspiciously

: Passive voice sidhyate- (Aorist asedhi-), to be driven or kept off or repelled

etc.: Causal sedhayati- (Aorist asīṣidhat-) grammar : Desiderative of Causal siṣedhayiṣati-

: Desiderative sisedhiṣati-, sisidhiṣati-, siṣitsati-

: Intensive seṣidhyate-, seṣeddhi- (pr. p. -s/eṣidhat-

)

sidh

(weak form of sādh-) cl.4 P. (

) s/idhyati- (Epic and mc. also te-;pf: siṣedha-

; Aorist asidhat- grammar; saitsīt-

; preceding sidhyāsam- grammar; future seddhā-

; setsyati-, te-

etc.; infinitive mood seddhum- grammar; ind.p. sedhitvā-, sidhitvā-,or siddhvā-

), to be accomplished or fulfilled or effected or settled, be successful, succeed

etc. ; to hit a mark (locative case)

; to attain one's aim or object, have success

etc. ; to attain the highest object, become perfect, attain beatitude

; to be valid or admissible, hold good

; to be proved or demonstrated or established, result from

; to be set right, (especially) be healed or cured

; to be well cooked

; to conform to a person's will, yield to (genitive case)

; to fall to a person's (genitive case) lot or share

; to come into existence, originate, arise

: Causal sedhayati- (Aorist asīṣidhat-) or sādhayati-, to show the knowledge or skill (of any one, the former,"with reference to sacred things", the latter,"to secular things")

(sadh-), to accomplish, effect

: Desiderative siṣitsati- grammar : Intensive seṣidhyate-, seṣeddhi-

sikatāvat

(s/ik-) mfn. abounding in sand, sandy

śikṣ

(properly Desiderative of śak-; see

) cl.1 P. A1. ś/ikṣati-, te- (in later language oftener A1..; see

; pr. p. ś/ikṣat-, ś/ikṣamāṇa-

; śikṣāṇa-

; imperative śiśikṣa-

; Aorist aśikṣithṭa-

),"to wish to be able", (P.) try to effect, attempt, undertake

; (A1.;rarely P.) to learn, acquire knowledge, study, practise, learn from (ablative or sakāśāt-with genitive case)

etc. ; to practise one's self in (locative case)

(see

Va1rtt. 3 Sch. ) ; "to wish to be able to effect for others" (P.) wish to help, aid, befriend (dative case)

; (P.) to wish to give, bestow

; (P.) to wish to present with (instrumental case)

; (A1.) to offer one's service to, enter the service of (accusative)

: Passive voice śikṣyate- (Aorist aśikṣi-), to be learnt or practised

: Causal śikṣayati- (rarely te-; Aorist aśiśikṣat-), to cause to learn, impart knowledge, inform, instruct, teach (with accusative of Persian or thing;also with two accusative,or with accusative of Persian and locative case of thing, or with accusative of Persian and infinitive mood,or with accusative of thing and genitive case of Persian)

śim

(=1. śam-) cl.4 P. ś/imyati-, to cut up, prepare (a sacrificial victim)

śīma

See duḥ-- and su-ś/īma-.

sima

mfn. (prob. connected with 1. sama-; ablative sim/asmāt- dative case sim/asmai-; vocative case s/imā-[

sima-

]; n. plural s/ime-) all, every, whole, entire (according to to some equals śreṣṭha-; according to to others equals ātman-,"one's self")

sima

m. equals ś/ima-

(according to to

equals sīmā-, rekhā-).

śimidā

(ś/imi--) f. Name of a female demon

śimīvat

(ś/imī--) mfn. effective, mighty, strong

sindhumātṛ

f. (s/indhu--) the mother of streams (said of the river sarasvatī-)

sindhupatnī

(s/indhu--) f. having the sindhu- for mistress

sindhurājñī

(s/indhu--) f. having the sindhu- as queen

sindhuvāhas

(s/indhu--) mfn. (perhaps) passing through the sea or navigating

(according to to

= nadīnām pravāhayitā-).

śipravat

(ś/ipra--) mfn. having full cheeks, full-cheeked

sīrapati

(s/īra--) m. lord of the plough

śiśumat

(ś/iśu--) mfn. accompanied by or possessed of children or young

śiśvan

See saṃ-ś/isvan-.

śitibhasad

(ś/iti--) mfn. having white hinder parts

śitikakud

(ś/iti--) mfn. white-humped

śitīman

or mat- (only dual number m/abhyām-or madbhyām-) equals ś/itāman-

siv

cl.4 P. (

) s/īvyati- (Ved. also te-; perfect tense siṣeva- grammar; Aorist asevīt-

; future sevitā-, seviṣyati-

; ind.p. syūtva-or sevitvā-

; -s/īvya-

), to sew, sew on, darn, stitch, stitch together, (figuratively) join, unite

etc. etc.: Causal sīvayati- (

) or sevayati- (Aorist asīṣivat- grammar), to sew, stitch: Desiderative siseviṣati- or susyūṣati- grammar : Intensive seṣīvyate-

([ confer, compare Greek = ; Latin sueresutor; Slavonic or Slavonian s8iti; Gothic siujan; Anglo-Saxon seo4wian; English sew.])

śo

(confer, compare 1. śi-) cl.3 P. A1. śiśāti-, ś/iśīte- (accord to

also cl.4 P. śyati- confer, compare ni-śo-; perfect tense śaśau- grammar; parasmE-pada śaśān/a-

; Aorist aśīta- confer, compare saṃ-śo-; aśāt-or aśāsīt- grammar; preceding śāyāt-

; future śātā-, śāśyati-

; indeclinable ś/āya-

), to whet, sharpen (A1."one's own"weapons or horns)

: Passive voice śāyate- grammar : Causal śāyayati-

; Desiderative śiśāsati-

: Intensive śāśāyate-, śaśeti-, śāśāti-

[? confer, compare Greek etc.]

ṣoḍaśimat

(ś/i--or -m/at-) mfn. connected with the ṣoḍaśi-stotra-

śṝ

cl.9 P. (

) śṛṇ/āti- (pr. p. A1. śṛṇān/a-

; imperative śṛṇa-

; perfect tense śaśāra-,2. sg. śaśaritha-,3. plural śaśaruḥ-,or śaśruḥ- grammar; śaśr/e-

; Aorist, aśarīt-, aśarait-

; aśārīt- grammar; preceding śīryāt-

; future śarītā-, śarīṣyati-

; śariṣyate-

; infinitive mood śarītum- grammar; ś/arītos-

; śaritos-

; ind.p. -ś/īrya-

), to crush, rend, break (A1.with reference to self, as "to break one's own arm")

; to kill (game)

: Passive voice śīryate- (mc. also ti-; Aorist aśāri-, śāri-), to be crushed or broken or rent or shattered

etc. ; to fall out or off

etc. ; to be worn out, decay, wither, fade

etc.: Causal śārayati- (Aorist aśīśarat-) grammar : Desiderative śiśarīṣati-, śiśīrṣati-

: Intensive śeśīryate-, śāśarti-

sṛ

(confer, compare sal-) cl.1.3. P. (

) s/arati- (Epic also te-and according to to

also dhāvati-), and s/isarti- (the latter base only in veda-;3. dual number s/isratuḥ-,3. plural s/israte-

; parasmE-pada s/israt-[ q.v ]

; perfect tense sas/āra-, sasr/e-

etc.;1. dual number sasriva-

; parasmE-pada sasṛv/as-, sasrāṇ/a-and sasṛmāṇ/a-

; Aorist asārṣīt- grammar; subjunctive sarṣat-

; preceding sriyāt- grammar; future sartā-

; sariṣy/ati-

etc.; infinitive mood sartum-

etc.; s/artave-, tav/ai-

; ind.p. sṛtv/ā-

; -s/ṛtya-, -s/āram-

etc.), to run, flow, speed, glide, move, go (with uccakais-,"to spring up";with v/ājam-,or ājim-,"to run a race" id est"exert one's self")

Calcutta edition etc. ; to blow (as wind)

; to run away, escape

; to run after, pursue (accusative)

; to go towards, betake one's self to (accusative or tatra-etc.)

; to go against, attack, assail

; to cross, traverse (accusative)

; (A1.) to begin to flow (said of the fluid which surrounds the fetus)

: Passive voice sriyate- (Aorist asāri-

), to be gone etc., grammar : Causal sārayati- or cl.10 P. (

) to cause to run

; to set in motion, strike (a lute)

; to remove, push aside (a braid of hair)

; put in array, to arrange (with dyūtam-,"the men on a chess-board")

; to make visible, show, manifest

; to nourish, foster (genitive case)

; A1. sārayate- (for sar/ayate-See saraya-,), to cause one's self to be driven, drive (in a carriage)

: pass. sāryate-, to be made to flow, discharge (excrement)

: Desiderative sisīrṣati-, to wish to run (vājam-,"a race")

: Intensive (confer, compare sarisrar/a-) s/arsṛte- (parasmE-pada s/arsrāṇa-See pra-sṛ-) or sarīṣarti-, to stride backwards and forwards

; to blow violently (as the wind)

[ confer, compare Greek ,;, ; Latin salire.]

sṛp

cl.1 P. (

) s/arpati- (Epic and mc. also te-; parasmE-pada s/arpat-[see sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ]and sarpamāṇa-; perfect tense sasarpa-[1. dual number sasṛpiva-]

; Aorist asṛpat-

; asṛpta-

etc.; asārpsīt-or asrāpsīt- grammar; future sarptā-or sraptā-

; sarpsyati-

; srapsyati-

etc.; infinitive mood sarpitum-

etc.; sarptum-or sraptum- grammar; -s/ṛpas-

; ind.p. sṛptvā-

; -s/ṛpya-

etc.; -sarpam-

etc.) , to creep, crawl, glide, slink, move gently or cautiously (sarpata-,"depart!"

)

etc. ; to slip into (accusative)

; (in ritual) to glide noiselessly and with bended body and hand in hand (especially from the sadas- to the bahiṣ-pavamāna-)

: Passive voice sṛpyate- (Aorist asarpi-), to be crept etc.

etc.: Causal sarpayati- (Aorist asīsṛpat-or asasarpat-), to cause to creep etc. (See ava--, anu-pra--, vi-sṛp-): Desiderative s/isṛpsati- (See ut-sṛp-): Intensive sarīsṛpyate- (

), sarīsarpti-, parasmE-pada sarīsṛpat- (

), to creep along or hither and thither, glide about etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin serpere-;See also sarpa-.]

svap

cl.2 P. (

) svapiti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also sv/apati-, te-; imperative sv/aptu-

; Potential svapīta-

; perfect tense suṣvāpa-[3. plural suṣupuḥ-; parasmE-pada suṣupv/as-and suṣupāṇ/a-,qq.vv.]

etc.; Aorist asvāpsīt-; preceding supyāt-

future svaptā-

; svapiṣyati-

; te-

; svapsyati-

etc.; te-

etc.; infinitive mood svaptum-

etc.; ind.p. suptv/ā-

etc., -sv/āpam-

), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam-,"to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep")

etc. ; to lie down, recline upon (locative case)

etc. ; to be dead

; Passive voice supyate- (Aorist asvāpi-)

etc. ; Causal svāp/ayati-, or (mc.) svapayati- (Aorist asūṣupat-;in

also siṣvapaḥ-, s/iṣvap-; Passive voice svāpyate-), to cause to sleep, lull to rest

; to kill

: Desiderative of Causal suṣvāpayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative suṣupsati-, to wish to sleep

: Intensive soṣupyate-, sāsvapīti-, sāsvapti-, soṣupīti-, soṣopti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin somnusforsop-nus,sopor,sopire; Slavonic or Slavonian su8pati; Lithuanian sa4pnas; Anglo-Saxon swefan,"to sleep."])

svasic

mfn. pouring out spontaneously

(see su-s/ic-).

talpeśaya

mf(/ā-)n. equals paś/īvan-

ucchiṣ

( ud-śiṣ-) P. (2. sg. -chiṣas-

;3. plural -chiṃṣanti-

) to leave as a remainder

etc.: A1. (subjunctive 3. sg. -ś/iṣātai-

) to be left remaining: Passive voice -śiṣyate- (Aorist /uc-cheṣi-

) to be left remaining