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Grammar Search "ruk" has 4 results. ruk : feminine nominative singular stem: ruc ruk : feminine nominative singular stem: ruj ruk : feminine vocative singular stem: ruc ruk : feminine vocative singular stem: ruj
Amarakosha Search
22 results
Word Reference Gender Number Synonyms Definition āmreḍitam Neuter Singular dvistriruk tam repettition baliḥ 3.3.203 Masculine Singular āyudham , ruk bhrakuṃsaḥ Masculine Singular bhruk uṃsaḥ , bhrūkuṃsaḥ a male dancer in woman's appearl bhrakuṭiḥ Feminine Singular bhruk uṭiḥ , bhrūkuṭiḥ a frown bhṛṅgārī 2.5.30 Feminine Singular cīruk ā , cīrī , jhillikā cikitsā 2.6.50 Feminine Singular ruk pratikriyā gajabhakṣyā Feminine Singular suvahā , hlādinī , surabhī , rasā , maheraṇā , kunduruk ī , sallakī kīlālam 3.3.208 Neuter Singular chadiḥ , netraruk , samūhaḥ kośātakī 3.3.8 Feminine Singular tāpaḥ , śaṅkā , ruk maruḥ 3.3.171 Masculine Singular bhaṅgaḥ , nārīruk , bāṇaḥ parighaḥ 3.3.32 Masculine Singular mṛdbhedaḥ , dṛgruk , śikyam prabhā Feminine Singular śociḥ , dyutiḥ , bhā , ruk , rociḥ , chaviḥ , tviṭ , dīptiḥ , bhāḥ , ruciḥ light pṛthag 2.4.2 Masculine Singular hiruk , nānā , vinā , antareṇa , ṛte rāmaḥ 3.3.148 Masculine Singular ruk , stambaḥ , senā ratnam 2.9.94 Neuter Singular hiraṇyam , tapanīyam , bharma , jātarūpam , ruk mam , aṣṭāpadaḥ , suvarṇam , hema , śātakumbham , karburam , mahārajatam , kārtasvaram , kanakam , hāṭakam , gāṅgeyam , cāmīkaram , kāñcanam , jāmbūnadam rogaḥ 2.6.51 Masculine Singular gadaḥ , āmayaḥ , ruk , rujā , upatāpaḥ , vyādhiḥ śakrapādapaḥ 2.2.53 Masculine Singular devadāru , bhadradāru , druk ilimam , pītadāru , dāru , pūtikāṣṭham , pāribhadrakaḥ samayā 2.4.7 Masculine Singular nikaṣā , hiruk dāruk aḥ Masculine Singular charioteer of krishna gāṅgeruk ī Feminine Singular nāgabālā , jhaṣā , hrasvagavedhukā kaśeruk ā 2.6.70 Feminine Singular adhoruk am 2.6.120 Neuter Singular caṇḍātakam
Monier-Williams Search
496 results for ruk
ruk (for 2.See under 1. ruj - column 3) , in compound for 2. ruc - . ruk (for 1.See column 1) , in compound for 2. ruj - . ruk amfn. liberal, bountiful ruk kāma(r/uk - - ) mfn. desiring splendour, eager for lustre ruk keśam. a particular medical compound ruk ma rukmin - See next page. ruk mam. "what is bright or radiant", an ornament of gold, golden chain or disc (here n. ) ruk mam. Mesua Roxburghii ruk mam. the thorn-apple ruk mam. Name of a son of rucaka - ruk man. gold ruk man. iron ruk man. a kind of collyrium ruk mabāhum. Name of a son of bhīṣmaka - ruk mābhamfn. shining like gold, bright as the purest gold ruk madharam. Name of a king ruk makārakam. a worker in gold, goldsmith ruk makavacam. Name of a grandson of uśanas - ruk makeśam. Name of a son of bhīṣmaka - ruk malan. gold, ruk malalāṭamfn. having a golden ornament on the forehead (said if a horse) ruk malauhan. a particular drug ruk maloha n. a particular drug ruk mamālinm. Name of a son of bhīṣmaka - ruk mamayamf(ī - )n. made of gold, golden ruk māṅgadamfn. wearing a golden bracelet on the upper arm ruk māṅgadam. Name of various men ruk māṅgadacaritan. Name of work ruk māṅgadacaritran. Name of work ruk māṅgadīyan. Name of work ruk mapāśam. a string on which golden ornaments are worn ruk mapattramfn. decorated with gold-leaf, ruk maprastaraṇa(rukm/a - - ) mfn. having a gold-ornamented outer garment ruk mapṛṣṭhamfn. having a gold surface, coated with gold, gold-plated, gilded ruk mapuṅkhamfn. gold-shafted (as an arrow) ruk mapuran. "city of gold", Name of the city inhabited by garuḍa - ruk mapuruṣam. dual number Name of particular bricks ruk maratham. a golden chariot ruk maratham. the chariot of rukma -ratha - id est of droṇa - ruk marathamfn. having a gold chariot ruk maratham. Name of droṇa - ruk maratham. of various men (also plural ) ruk masteyan. stealing gold ruk mat(r/uk - - ) mfn. possessed of brightness, shining (said of agni - ) ruk mavāhanamfn. having a golden chariot ruk mavāhanam. Name of droṇa - ruk mavakṣas(rukm/a - - ) mfn. golden-breasted, having gold ornaments on the breast (said of the marut - s) ruk mavatmfn. possessing gold, ornamented with gold ruk mavatm. Name of the eldest son of bhīṣmaka - (equals rukmin - ) ruk mavatm. Name of a granddaughter of rukmin - and wife of aniruddha - ruk mavatīf. a particular metre ruk meṣum. "golden-arrowed", Name of a king ruk mim. (only accusative rukmim - ) equals rukmin - (son of bhīṣmaka - ) ruk miin compound for rukmin - . ruk mibhidm. "destroyer of rukmin - ", Name of bala -deva - ruk midāraṇam. "destroyer of rukmin - ", Name of bala -deva - ruk midārin m. "destroyer of rukmin - ", Name of bala -deva - ruk midarpam. Name of bala -deva - (so called as proud of having overcome rukmin - ) ruk minmfn. (iṇī - )n. wearing golden ornaments, adorned with gold ruk minm. Name of the eldest son of bhīṣmaka - and adversary of kṛṣṇa - (he was slain by bala -rāma - ;See rukmiṇī - above ) ruk minm. Name of a mountain ruk miṇīf. (of rukmin - ) a species of plant (= svarṇa -kṣīrī - ) ruk miṇīf. Name of a daughter of bhīṣmaka - and sister of rukmin - (betrothed by her father to śiśu -pāla - but a secret lover of kṛṣṇa - , who, assisted by bala -rāma - , carried her off after defeating her brother in battle;she is represented as mother of pradyumna - , and in later mythology is identified with lakṣmī - ) ruk miṇīf. Name of dākṣāyaṇī - in dvāravatī - ruk miṇīf. of various other women ruk miṇīf. See above. ruk miṇīcampuf. Name of work ruk miṇīharaṇan. Name of work ruk miṇīhradan. Name of a tīrtha - ruk miṇīkalyāṇan. Name of work ruk miṇīkṛṣṇavallīf. Name of work ruk miṇinandanam. (for rukmiṇī -n - ) Name of pradyumna - (see next) . ruk miṇīnāṭakan. ruk miṇīpariṇayam. Name of two dramas. ruk miṇīśam. (ṇī śa - ) "lord of rukmin - ", Name of viṣṇu -kṛṣṇa - ruk miṇīśavijayam. Name of a poem. ruk miṇīsvayaṃvaram. Name of work ruk miṇītīrthan. Name of a tīrtha - ruk miṇīvratan. a particular observance and Name of a chapter of the , ruk misāsanam. "chastiser of rukmin - ", Name of viṣṇu -kṛṣṇa - ruk pratikriyāf. counteraction or treatment of disease curing, remedying. ruk ṣam. (prob.) a tree (see vṛkṣa - ) ruk ṣa wrong reading for rūkṣa - q.v ruk sadmann. "seat of disease", excrement, feces abhinimruk ta mfn. upon whom while not doing any work or while sleeping the sun has set abhinimruk ta mfn. (wrongly written abhi -nir -mukta - ) abhīruk a mfn. fearless adhiruk ma mfn. wearing gold anabhyavacāruk a mf(ā - )n. not attacking anabhyavacāruk a mfn. not rushing against, aniruk ta mfn. unuttered, not articulated aniruk ta mfn. not explained (because of being clear by itself) aniruk ta mfn. unspeakable aniruk tagāna n. indistinct singing aniruk tagāna n. humming (of hymns), a particular mode of chanting the sāma -veda - . anyakāruk ā f. a worm bred in excrement apunaruk ta n. no (superfluous) repetition. apunaruk ti f. no (superfluous) repetition. apuroruk ka mfn. without a puroruc - ardhoruk a mfn. reaching to the middle of the thighs ardhoruk a n. a short petticoat arthapunaruk ta n. (in nyāya - ) repetition of the same meaning in other words āruk a mfn. hurting, injuring āruk a n. the fruit of a medicinal plant growing on the himālaya - mountains āruruk ṣu mfn. desirous to rise or ascend or advance āśīruk ti f. benediction asnigdhadāruk a m. a kind of pine tree aśruk arman n. shedding tears atsaruk a mfn. (a vessel) having no handle, auruk ṣaya n. (fr. uru -kṣaya - ), Name of a sāman - . auruk ṣayasa m. a descendant of urukṣaya - s babhruk a mfn. brownish babhruk a m. (prob.) a kind of ichneumon babhruk a m. Name of a constellation (near which all planets pass when in the 7th and 10th houses) bābhruk a mfn. (fr. babhru - ) like an ichneumon id est (prob.) brown, brownish gaRa aṅguly -ādi - . babhruk arṇa (bhr/u - - ) mf(/ī - )n. brown-eared babhruk eśa mf(ī - )n. brown-haired bākaruk ā f. a kind of crane bakeruk ā f. a small crane bakeruk ā f. the branch of a tree bent by the wind bhandhruk a m. Name of a place bharuk a m. Name of a prince (varia lectio kuruka - ,or ruruka - ). bharuk accha m. Name of country or (plural ) a people (varia lectio kacchapa - ,or marukaccha - ; see ) bharuk accha m. of a nāga - bharuk acchanivāsin m. an inhabitant of bharu -kaccha - bhīruk a mfn. fearful, timorous, shy, afraid of (compound ) bhīruk a mfn. formidable bhīruk a m. an owl bhīruk a m. a bear bhīruk a m. a kind of sugar-cane etc. (varia lectio raka - ) bhīruk a m. Name of a man bhīruk a n. a wood, forest bhiruk accha n. Name of a town bhīruk accha m. plural Name of a people (prob. w.r. for bharu -k - ). bhīruk ajana m. one whose servants are cowards bhruk aṃsa m. equals bhrūkuṃśa - bhruk uṃśa bhru -kuṭi - See under bhrū - . bhruk uṃśa m. equals bhrūkuṃśa - bhruk uṭi f. equals bhrū -kuṭi - (also ti -bandha - , ṭi -racanā - etc.) etc. bhruk uṭi m. (also) a kind of snake bhruk uṭī f. equals bhrū -kuṭi - (also ti -bandha - , ṭi -racanā - etc.) etc. bhruk uṭīkṛt mfn. contracting the brows bhruk uṭīmukha n. and mfn. equals bhrū -kuṭī -m - bhruk uṭīmukha m. (also) a kind of snake brahmaniruk ta n. Name of work cāruk a m. the seed of Saccharum śara - cāruk a m. Name of a man cāruk arṇa mfn. beautiful-eared cāruk esarā f. "beautiful-filamented", a kind of Cyperus cāruk esarā f. another plant (taruṇī - ) cīruk a n. a kind of fruit cīruk ā f. equals rī -vāka - dadruk a m. equals drū - dadruk uṣṭha n. idem or 'f. (also dara - k.) equals drū - ' , ḍamaruk a mf(ā - ī - )n. (n. ) equals rin - daṃśabhīruk a m. "afraid of gad-flies", a buffalo dāruk a m. Name of kṛṣṇa - 's charioteer dāruk a m. of an incarnation of śiva - dāruk a n. Pinus Devadaru dāruk ā f. a wooden doll or puppet dāruk accha m. or n. Name of a district dāruk acchaka mfn. relating to it dāruk adalī f. a kind of wild plantain (equals vana - - ) dāruk arman n. wood-carving dāruk arṇin m. "having wooden earrings", Name of bhavila - dāruk āvana n. Name of a wood dāruk eśvaratīrtha n. Name of a tīrtha - dāruk i m. (patronymic fr. ka - ) Name of pradyumna - 's charioteer dāruk ṛtya n. anything to be made of wood dharmabhīruk a mfn. tremblingly alive to duty druk ilima n. Pinus Deodora dudhruk ṣu mfn. ( druh - Desiderative ) wishing to harm, malicious dudruk ṣu wrong reading for dudhrukṣu - q.v duruk ta mfn. "badly spoken", harsh, injurious duruk ta mfn. harshly addressed duruk ta n. bad or harsh word etc. duruk ti f. harsh or injurious speech (personified as a daughter of krodha - and hiṃsā - and sister and wife of kali - ) duruk tokta mfn. ill spoken of dviruk ta mfn. twice said, repeated, doubled, reduplicated dviruk ta mfn. said or told in 2 ways dviruk ta n. repetition dviruk ti f. repetition, tautology, telling anything in two or various ways dviruk ti f. (grammar ) repetition of a syllable dviruk ti f. twofold way of expression or of spelling a word dviruk tikośa m. Name of a dictionary dviruk tiprakriyā f. Name of chapter of the madhya -siddhānta -kaumudī - . ekaguruk a m. having the same teacher, pupil of the same preceptor. ervāruk a m. Cucumis Utilissimus gaṇeruk a m. (equals ru - ) Pterospermum acerifolium gaṇeruk ā f. a bawd gaṇeruk ā f. a female servant gāṅgeruk a n. the grain of kī - gāṅgeruk ī f. the plant Uraria lagopodioides, 25. gaveruk a n. (equals vedkuka - ) red chalk ghurghuruk a m. equals raka - grahāntaruk thya n. a particular ekāha - , guruk a mfn. a little heavy guruk a mfn. (said of limbs slightly affected with sickness) guruk a mfn. (in prosody) long guruk aṇṭha m. a peacock (see guruṇṭaka - .) guruk āra m. worship, adoration guruk arman n. any affair of a spiritual teacher guruk ārya n. a serious or momentous affair guruk ārya n. equals -karman - guruk opa m. violent wrath guruk rama m. succession of teachers or (with śākta - s) of authors of mantra - s. guruk ratu m. a great sacrifice guruk ṛta mfn. highly prized or praised ( ) guruk ṛta mfn. worshipped guruk ṣopa m. Name of a prince guruk ula n. the house of a Guru vArttika guruk ulavāsa m. residence in the house of a Guru, a pupil's life guruk ulāvāsin m. "abiding in la - ", a pupil haridruk a mfn. dealing in Curcuma Aromatica gaRa kisarā di - . hāruk a mf(ā - )n. seizing, consuming heruk a m. Name of gaṇe śa - heruk a m. of an attendant on mahā -kāla - or śiva - heruk a m. of an inferior buddha - heruk a m. plural Name of a class of heretics heruk ā f. a species of plant hiruk ind. (see huruk - ) off, away, out of sight of(ablative ) hiruk ind. aside, apart, without hiruk ind. in the midst of, amongst hiruk ind. near hiruk ind. below hrasvaśigruk a m. a species of Moringa huruk ind. equals hiruk - jatruk a n. the collar-bone jhiruk ā f. idem or 'f. idem or 'f. a cricket ' ' jhīruk ā f. equals jhir - kadruk a See tri -ka - . kākaruk a mfn. faint-hearted, cowardly, timid kākaruk a mfn. a coward, craven kākaruk a mfn. naked kākaruk a mfn. poor, indigent kākaruk a m. a henpecked husband (governed by his wife) kākaruk a m. an owl kākaruk a m. deceit (dambha - ) (see kāka -rava - .) kakeruk a m. a worm in the stomach kalpadruk alikā f. Name of work by lakṣmī - vallabha - expounding the kalpa -sūtra - of the jaina - s. karkāruk a m. Beninkasa Cerifera karkāruk a n. its fruit kāruk a mf(ā - ) an. artisan, artificer kāruk asiddhāntin m. plural Name of a śaiva - sect commentator or commentary on kaśeruk a fn. ( ) equals kaśeru - , the back-bone kaśeruk a mfn. the root of Scirpus Kysoor kaśeruk a mfn. (sometimes spelt kaseruka - .) kaṣeruk ā f. the back-bone, spine (varia lectio for kaśer - , q.v ) kauruk ātya m. patronymic fr. kuru -kata - gaRa gargā di - . kauruk ṣetra m. plural the inhabitants of kuru -kṣetra - (wrong reading kur - ), . kauruk ullaka m. plural (fr. kuru -kullā - ), Name of a Buddhist school. kesāruk ā f. for kaśer - , the back-bone keśāruk ā f. for kaśer - , the back-bone khuruk hurāya Nom. A1. yate - , to rattle (as the throat) khuruk hurāya See khurakhura - . kroḍakaseruk a m. Cyperus rotundus kṛṣṇāgaruk āṣṭha n. a black variety of Aloe wood kruk ta See 1. kruñc - . kruk ta mfn. crooked, curved kunduruk a m. Olibanum kunduruk ā f. idem or 'm. Olibanum ' kunduruk ī f. Boswellia thurifera kuruk a m. Name of a prince (varia lectio for ruruka - ) kuruk andaka n. horse-radish (Raphanus sativus) kuruk ata m. Name of a man gaRa gargā di - and anuśatikā di - . kuruk ṣetra n. "the field of the kuru - s", Name of an extensive plain near Delhi (the scene of the great battles between the kuru - s and pāṇḍu - s) etc. kuruk ṣetra m. plural the inhabitants of that country (renowned for their bravery) kuruk ṣetra m. plural (wrong reading for kaurukṣ - ) kuruk ṣetraka m. plural the inhabitants of the kuru -kṣetra - kuruk ṣetrin mfn. (with yoga - ) a solar day, in the course of which three lunar days, three asterisms, and three yogas occur. kuruk ullā f. (fr. ru -kulyā - ,"belonging to the kuru - race"?) , Name of a Buddhist deity. kuruk urujāṅgala n. the country of the kuru - s and kuru -jāṅgala - kuruk uruk ṣetra n. the country of the kuru - s and kuru -kṣetra - macakruk a m. Name of a yakṣa - and of a sacred spot guarded by him near the entrance to kuru -kṣetra - (see maṅkaṇaka - ). madhuśigruk a ( ) m. Moringa Pterygosperma (Rubriflora). mādruk asthalaka mfn. (fr. madruka -sthalī - ) gaRa dhūmā di - . madruk asthalī f. gaRa dhūmā di - . makeruk a m. a kind of parasitical worm maraṇabhīruk a mfn. afraid to die (in Prakrit) . maruk a m. (see marūka - ) a peacock maruk a m. a deer, antelope māruk a mf(ā - )n. dying, perishing māruk a m. pl. Name of a people maruk accha m. Name of a country maruk acchanivāsin mfn. inhabiting it maruk ucca (?) m. Name of a country meruk a m. fragrant resin, incense meruk a m. or n. (?) Name of a people or country meruk alpa m. Name of a buddha - meruk ūṭa mn. the summit of meru - meruk ūṭa m. Name of a buddha - mithyātvaniruk ti f. Name of work mṛgairvāruk a m. equals mṛ -'erv - q.v mrigervāruk a m. a species of animal dwelling in holes or caves mṛṣṭeruk a mfn. eating dainties or delicacies, luxurious, selfish mṛṣṭeruk a mfn. liberal mruk ta See abhi -ni -mrukta - . nāgaruk a m. (fr. -vṛkṣa - ) the orange-tree (see -raṅga - ). nairuk ta mfn. based on etymology, explained etymologically nairuk ta mfn. relating to the nirukta - (q.v ), explaining it gaRa ṛgayanā di - nairuk ta m. (also -uktika - gaRa ukthā di - ) a knower of the derivation of words, an etymologist niḥsāruk a m. (in music) a kind of measure, nimruk ti (n/i - - ) f. sunset, evening niruk ṣ P. -ukṣati - , to remove by sprinkling niruk ta mfn. ( vac - ) uttered, pronounced, expressed, explained, defined etc. niruk ta mfn. declared for (Nominal verb ) niruk ta mfn. explicitly mentioned or enjoined niruk ta mfn. containing the name of a god (as a verse) niruk ta mfn. distinct, loud (opp. to upā ṃśu - ) niruk ta mfn. interpreted id est become manifest, fulfilled, accomplished (as a word) niruk ta n. explanation or etymological interpretation of a word niruk ta n. Name of several works., especially of a commentator or commentary on the nighaṇṭu - s by yāska - . niruk tabhāṣya n. Name of Comm. (prob. = -vṛtti - ). niruk taga m. "penetrater of mysteries", Name of brahmā - niruk taja m. Name of a class of sons niruk takāra m. Name of Scholiast or Commentator on (quoted by ) niruk takṛt m. " nirukta - -composer", Name of yāska - niruk takṛt m. of a pupil of śāka -pūṇi - niruk tapariśiṣṭa n. Name of work niruk tavat mfn. "author of the nirukta - ", Name of yāska - niruk tavṛtti f. Name of a commentator or commentary on yāska - 's nirukta - by durgācārya - . niruk ti f. etymological interpretation of a word niruk ti f. (in rhetoric ) an artificial explanation or derivation of a word niruk ti f. (in dramatic language ) communication of an event that has taken place niruk ti f. Name of yāska - 's commentator or commentary on the nighaṇṭu - s niruk ti f. of a commentator or commentary on the tarka -saṃgraha - etc. niruk tikhaṇḍa m. or n. Name of chapter of niruk tilakṣaṇa n. Name of work niruk tiprakāśa m. Name of work niśāruk a m. (in music) a kind of measure. pañcakāruk ī f. the 5 artisans in a village parāruk a m. a stone or rock (varia lectio pavāruka - ). pārāruk a m. a rock (see paraṭīṭa - ). paunaruk ta n. repetition, tautology, kad - . paunaruk tika mfn. equals punaruktam adhī te veda vā - gaRa ukthā di - . paunaruk tya n. equals -ukta - pauruk utsa m. patronymic of trasa -dasyu - etc. (f(ī - ). ) pauruk utsi (p/auru - - ) m. idem or 'm. patronymic of trasa -dasyu - etc. (f(ī - ). )' pauruk utsya m. idem or '(p/auru - - ) m. idem or 'm. patronymic of trasa -dasyu - etc. (f(ī - ). )' ' peruk a m. Name of a man prahāruk a mfn. carrying off, tearing away prākāruk a mfn. (prob.) scattering about, praśuśruk a m. Name of a prince (a son of maru - ) (Bombay edition praśuśruva - ; see pra -suśruta - ). pṛthuruk ma m. Name of a son of parā -jit - (or parā -vṛt - ) pṛthuruk man m. Name of a son of parā -jit - (or parā -vṛt - ) pruk ṣi (probably ) m. fire, pruk ṣi a well, punaruk ta mf(ā - )n. said again, reiterated, repeated etc. (in the beginning of a compound and punaruktam am - ind. repeatedly) punaruk ta mf(ā - )n. superfluous, useless punaruk ta n. repetition, useless repetition, tautology etc. punaruk tabhuktaviṣaya mfn. (an occupation) in which the objects of sense are repeatedly enjoyed punaruk tajanman m. "whose birth is repeated", a Brahman punaruk tam ind. punarukta punaruk tatā f. repetition, (especially ) useless repeated, tautology punaruk tatva n. repetition, (especially ) useless repeated, tautology punaruk tavadābhāsa m. seeming tautology (a figure of speech) punaruk tavādin mfn. repeating the same things, talking idly punaruk tāya Nom. A1. yate - , to occur repeatedly punaruk ti f. equals -ukta - n. punaruk ti f. a mere empty word punaruk tīkṛ to render superfluous or useless punaruk timat mfn. tautological puroruk ka See a -puror - . puruk ārakavat mfn. having many agents or factors puruk ṛpā f. abundant mercy or compassion puruk ṛt mfn. equals -kṛtvan - puruk ṛt mfn. increasing (with genitive case ) puruk ṛtvan mfn. achieving great deeds, efficacious puruk ṣu mfn. rich in food puruk ṣu mfn. liberally granting (with genitive case ) puruk utsa m. Name of a man puruk utsa m. of a descendant of ikṣvāku - puruk utsa m. of a son of māndhātṛ - puruk utsa m. of another man puruk utsānī f. Name of a woman (prob. wife of puru -kutsa - ) puruk utsava m. Name of an enemy of indra - pūrvapakṣaniruk ti f. Name of work raupyaruk mamaya mf(ī - )n. consisting or made of silver and gold rauruk in m. plural (fr. ruruka - ) the school of ruruka - rauruk in n. plural the yajus - handed down by this school rauruk īya mfn. (fr. prec.) roruk a m. or n. (?) Name of a country or a town rūpyaruk mamaya mf(ī - )n. made or consisting of silver or gold ruruk a m. Name of a king ruruk ṣaṇi mfn. (fr. Desiderative ) wishing or able to destroy ruruk ṣaṇi See under 1. ruj - . ruruk vas See 1. ruc - , p.881. sāmāntaruk thya m. an ukthya - (q.v ) in a sāman - . sāmānyaniruk ti f. explanation of the meaning or idea of samanya - sāmānyaniruk ti f. Name of various works. sāmānyaniruk tididhitiṭīkā f. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tidvitīyatakṣaṇa n. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tigrantharahasya n. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tigranthārtha m. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tikroḍa m. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tilakṣaṇa n. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tipattra n. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tiprathamalakṣaṇa n. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tiṭīkā f. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tivivecana n. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tivyākhyā f. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tyabhinavavyākhyā f. Name of work sāmānyaniruk tyanugama m. Name of work samāraruk ṣu mfn. (fr. Desiderative ) wishing to mount or ascend (accusative ) saṃdigdhapunaruk tatva n. uncertainty and tautology saṃśāruk a mfn. breaking down (in a -s - ) Kap samūruk a m. idem or 'or samūru - m. a kind of deer (the skin of which may be used as a student's seat etc.; according to to some it has a white mane; see camūru - ) ' śaṅkatvaniruk ti f. Name of work śapharuk a m. a box, box-like receptacle, pot śāruk a mfn. one who injures or destroys (with accusative ) śāruk a mfn. mischievous, injurious śatadāruk a m. a kind of venomous insect śatadruk ā f. equals -dru - , the Sutlej śatāruk a m. a kind of leprosy śatruk a m. an enemy śatruk arśana mfn. harassing enemies śatruk arśaṇa mfn. harassing enemies śatruk ula n. the house of an enemy saumeruk a n. gold (prob. wrong reading for prec.) savyabhicāraniruk ti f. Name of work savyabhicārasāmānyaniruk ti f. Name of work savyabhicārasāmānyaniruk tikroḍa m. Name of work śigruk a m. equals śigru - m. śigruk a n. any potherb śītabhīruk a mfn. sensitive to cold śītabhīruk a m. a kind of rice śmaśruk ara m. "beard-maker","beard-cutter", a barber śmaśruk arman n. "beard-cutting", shaving sruk in compound for sruc - . sruk ka sruk -kāra - etc. See p.1275. sruk ka (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā - ). ) equals sruc - sruk kāra m. the exclamation" sruk - " sruk pātra n. the ladle sruc - and other sacrificial implements sruk praṇālikā f. the spout of a ladle sruk sammārjana n. cleaning the sacrificial ladle sruk sammārjana n. an implement for cleaning it sruk sruva n. sg. the two sacrificial ladles sruc - and sruva - sruk sruvalakṣaṇa n. Name of work subhīruk a n. silver suduruk ti f. very harsh language sūktāmṛtapunaruk topadaṃśanadaśana n. Name of a medicine work by saj -jana - . sundaraguruk āvya n. Name of a poem. surabhidāruk a ( ) m. Pinus Longifolia. suruk ma mfn. beautifully shining or adorned sūryābhinimruk ta mfn. one upon whom (while sleeping) the sun has set suśruk See -śr/ut - . taruk haṇḍa mn. ( varia lectio ) equals -ṣaṇḍa - taruk oṭara n. the hollow of a tree taruk ṣa m. (gaRa 2. lohitā di - ,not in ) Name of a man taruk ṣa m. see talukṣa - . tāruk ṣāyaṇi m. patronymic fr. t/arukṣa - ( ; rkṣyāy - ,VRJ.) tāruk ṣya m. (gaRa 2. lohitā di - ) idem or 'm. patronymic fr. t/arukṣa - ( ; rkṣyāy - ,VRJ.)' tāruk ṣyāyaṇī f. of kṣya - gaRa 2. lohitā di - . taruk ūṇi m. a kind of bird trikadruk a m. plural (tr/i - - ) the 3 soma - vessels trikadruk a m. the first 3 days of the abhi -plava - festival trikadruk a mfn. containing the word tr/i -kadruka - ( ) trikadruk īya mfn. idem or 'mfn. containing the word tr/i -kadruka - ( ) ' (pratipad - ) (scilicet ṛc - ). tsaruk a mfn. making hilts of swords gaRa ākarṣā di - . tsāruk a mfn. skilful in handling (tsaru - ) a sword uruk āla m. the creeper Cucumis Colocynthis uruk ālaka m. the creeper Cucumis Colocynthis uruk īrti mfn. of far-reaching fame uruk rama mfn. far-stepping, making wide strides (said of viṣṇu - ) uruk rama m. (viṣṇu - 's) wide stride uruk rama m. Name of viṣṇu - uruk rama m. of śiva - . uruk ṛt mfn. causing to extend or spread out, increasing uruk ṣaya mfn. (ur/u -kṣaya - ) occupying spacious dwellings (said of varuṇa - ) (said of the marut - s) uruk ṣaya m. a spacious dwelling, wide habitation uruk ṣaya m. Name of a king uruk ṣiti f. spacious dwelling or habitation urvāruk a n. idem or 'n. (u - ) the fruit of Cucumis Usitatissimus (see irvāru - .)' vabhruk a varia lectio for b/abhruka - vāgduruk ta n. hard or injurious words vakeruk ā vakoṭa - See bak - . vākpāṭavaniruk ti f. Name of a kāvya - . varadāruk a a kind of plant with poisonous leaves varuk a m. a species of inferior grain vāruk a mfn. choosing (with accusative ) vihvāruk a mfn. tumbling, falling vīrāruk a n. a medicinal plant (equals āruka - ) viruk mat mfn. shining viruk mat m. a brilliant ornament, bright armour viruk mat mfn. shining, brilliant, bright viruk mat m. a bright weapon or ornament viśeṣaniruk ti f. (in the beginning of a compound ) "explanation of differences" viśeṣaniruk ti f. Name of work viśeṣaniruk tikroḍa m. Name of work viśeṣaniruk tiprakāśa m. Name of work viśeṣaniruk tiṭīkā f. Name of work viśeṣaniruk tyāloka m. Name of work voruk hāna m. a horse (described as one of a pale red colour) vṛtticandrapradīpikāniruk ti f. Name of work yameruk ā f. a kind of drum or gong on which the hours are struck yāskaniruk ta n. yāska - 's nirukta -
Apte Search
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ruk a रुक a. Liberal, bountiful. ruk ma रुक्म a. [रुच्-मन् नि˚ कुत्वम् Uṇ.1.135] 1 Bright, radiant. -2 Golden; गरुडो रुक्मपक्षो वै Rām.1.14.29. -क्मः 1 A golden ornament; परितश्च धौतमुखरुक्मविलसत् Śi.15.78. -2 A thorn-apple. -क्मम् 1 Gold; निक्षेपस्याप- हरणं ...... रुक्मस्तेयसमं स्मृतम् Ms.11.57. -2 Iron. -Comp. -अङ्गद a. wearing golden armlets. -आभ a. shining like gold, bright; Ms.12.122. -कारकः a goldsmith. -पात्री a golden dish; भुञ्जते रुक्मपात्रीषु युधिष्ठिरनिवेशने Mb.3.233.42. -पुङ्ख a. gold-shafted. -पृष्ठक a. gilded, coated with gold. -रथः, -वाहनः N. of Droṇa. ruk min रुक्मिन् a. 1 Wearing golden ornaments. -2 Gilded. -m. N. of the eldest son of Bhīṣmaka and brother of Rukmiṇī. ruk miṇī रुक्मिणी The daughter of Bhīṣmaka of Vidarbha. [She was betrothed by her father to Śiśupāla, but she secretly loved Kṛiṣṇa and sent him a letter praying him to take her away. Kṛiṣṇa with Balarāma came and snatched her off after having defeated her brother in battle. She bore to Kṛiṣṇa a son named Pradyumna.]. ruk ṣ रुक्ष् 1 U. (रूक्षयति-ते) 1 To be rough or harsh. -2 To be unkind. -3 Ved. To make dry. ruk ṣa रुक्ष a. 1 Ved. Shining, brilliant. -2 = रूक्ष q. v. atsaruk aḥ अत्सरुकः [नास्ति त्सरुर्यस्य] N. of a sacrificial vessel. adhiruk ma अधिरुक्म a. [अधिगतं रुक्मम् आभरणं येन] Having ornaments (of gold &c.). aniruk ta अनिरुक्त a. 1 Not articulated or clearly spoken. -2 Not clearly stated or explained, vague, not plain or well-defined; ˚क्तप्रातःसवनः प्रथमः Kāty.; एतास्मिन्नदृश्ये$- नात्म्ये$निरुक्ते Ait. Br. -Comp. -गानम् indistinct singing or humming, a particular mode of chanting the सामवेद. āruk aḥ आरुकः A medicinal plant having cooling properties (growing on the Himālayas). āruruk ṣu आरुरुक्षु a. Wishing to ascend, mount or reach; कैलासगौरं वृषमारुरुक्षोः R.2.35; आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगम् Bg.6.3. āśruk arṇa आश्रुकर्ण a. One whose ears hear all around (Ved.). irvāruk aḥ इर्वारुकः An animal living in caves. urvāruk am उर्वारुकम् The fruit of the above. उर्वारुकमिव बन्धनान् मृत्योर्मुक्षीय मा$मृतात् Rv.7.59.12. kakeruk aḥ ककेरुकः A worm in the stomach, karkāruk aḥ कर्कारुकः A gourd; Mk.1.51. gaṇeruk ā गणेरुका 1 A bawd, procuress. -2 A female servant. gaveruk am गवेरुकम् Red chalk. gāṅgeruk ī गाङ्गेरुकी f. The N.of a plant (Mar. नागबला, नाडेधामण). guruk a गुरुक a. (-की f.) 1 A little heavy. -2 Long (in prosody). grāmeruk am ग्रामेरुकम् A variety of sandal; Kau. A.2.11. jhīruk ā झीरुका A cricket; also झीरिका. tsāruk a त्सारुक a. Skilful in handling a sword; Mb.1. 132.62. dadruk aḥ दद्रुकः Leprosy. dāruk aḥ दारुकः 1 The Devadāru tree. -2 N. of Kṛiṣṇa's charioteer; उत्कन्धरं दारुक इत्युवाच Śi.4.18. -का 1 A puppet. -2 A wooden figure. nāgaruk aḥ नागरुकः Orange. niruk ta निरुक्त a. 1 Expressed, pronounced, explained, defined. -2 Loud, distinct. -3 Enjoined, decided; पात्रं त्वत्र निरुक्तं वै कविभिः पात्रवित्तमैः Bhāg.7.14.34. -4 Interpreted, accomplished (as a word); proved from शब्दप्रमाण (as शब्दैकगम्य); वेदांश्च वेद्यं तु विधिं च कृत्स्नमथो निरुक्तं परमार्थतां च Mb.12.245.3. -क्तम् 1 Explanation, derivation, etymological interpretation. स वा एष आत्मा हृदि तस्यैतदेव निरुक्तं हदयमिति Ch. Up.8.3.3; महत्त्वाद्भारवत्त्वाच्च महाभारत- मुच्यते । निरुक्तमस्य यो वेद सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥ Mb.1.1.274. -2 N. of one of the six Vedāṅgas, that which contains glossarial explanation of obscure words, especially those occurring in the Vedas; नाम च धातुजमाह निरुक्ते Nir. -3 N. of a celebrated commentary on the Nighaṇṭus
by Yāska. -Comp. -कारः N. of the sage Yāska. -जः one of the twelve kinds of sons allowed by the old Hindu law (= क्षेत्रजः q. v.); आत्मा पुत्रश्च विज्ञेयस्तस्यानन्त- रजश्च यः । निरुक्तजश्च विज्ञेयः सुतः प्रसृतजस्तथा ॥ Mb.13.49.3. -वृत्तिः N. of a com. on Yāska's निरुक्त by Durgāchārya. niruk tiḥ निरुक्तिः f. 1 Derivation, etymological interpretation of words; जरत्कारुनिरुक्तिं त्वं यथावद्वक्तुमर्हसि Mb.1.4.2. -2 (In Rhet.) An artificial explanation of the derivation of a word; thus defined:-- निरुक्तिर्योगतो नाम्नामन्यार्थत्व- प्रकल्पनम् । ईदृशैश्चरितैर्जाने सत्यं दोषाकरो भवान् ॥ Chandr.5.168 (where दोषाकरः is equal to दोषाणामाकरः). -3 (In drama.) communication of an event that has taken place. -4 N. of Yāska's commentary on the Nighaṇṭus. niśāruk aḥ निशारुकः One of the seven Rūpakas in music; दृढः प्रौढो$थ खचरो विभवश्चतुरक्रमः । निशारुकः प्रतीतालः कथिताः सप्त रूपकाः ॥ -कम् An air, a sort of musical compositon played as an accompaniment to dancing. parāruk aḥ परारुकः A stone or rock. bakeruk ā बकेरुका 1 A small crane. -2 The branch of a tree bent by the wind. babhruk aḥ बभ्रुकः N. of a constellation. bābhruk a बाभ्रुक a. (-की f.) Brown, brownish. bharuk acchaḥ भरुकच्छः N. of a country (v. l. मरुकच्छ). bhruk uṭiḥ भ्रुकुटिः टी See भ्रूकुटि; समर्प्यमाणं सुदृशा नाग्रहीद्भ्रुकुटीमुखः Bm.1.266. maruk aḥ मरुकः 1 A peacock. -2 A deer, antelope. mṛṣṭeruk a मृष्टेरुक a. 1 Eating dainties, luxurious. -2 Selfish. -3 Liberal. meruk aḥ मेरुकः Incense. yameruk ā यमेरुका A kind of gong on which the hours are struck. viruk mat विरुक्मत् m. A bright weapon. voruk hānaḥ वोरुखानः A kind of red horse. śakruk aḥ शक्रुकः A kind of poison (cf. सक्रुकः); L. D. B. śapharuk aḥ शफरुकः A box, pot; Hch.4. śāruk a शारुक a. (-की f.) Noxious, hurtful, mischievous. hiruk हिरुक् ind. Ved. 1 Without, except. -2 Amongst, in the midst of. -3 Near. -4 Below. heruk aḥ हेरुकः 1 An attendant on Śiva. -2 N. of Gaṇeśa. -3 N. of a Buddha (= चक्रसम्बर).
Macdonell Vedic Search
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ruk ma ruk-má, m. golden gem, vii. 63, 4 [ruc shine]. uruk rama uru-kramá, a. (Bv.) wide-striding, i. 154, 5 [kráma, m. stride]. trikadruk a trí-kadruka, m. pl. three Soma vats, x. 14, 16 [kadrú̄, f. Soma vessel]. viruk mant vi-rúk-mant, m. shining weapon, i. 85, 3 [ruc shine].
Macdonell Search
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ruk ma m. (n. AV.) gold ornament (V.); disc of gold (Br.); n. gold (C.): -pura, n. Gold-town, N. of Garuda's city; -maya, a. made of gold, golden; -½a&ndot;gada, m. N. ruk min a. adorned with gold (V.); m. N. of the eldest son of Bhîshmaka and adversary of Krishna. adhiruk mamandiragavākṣam ad. at the window of the golden palace. aniruk ta pp. unexpressed; im plicit: said of verses in which the deity is not expressly named. apunaruk ta pp. never palling. āruruk ṣu des. a. desirous of as cending or climbing to (ac.). uruk rama a. far-striding; -gâyá, id.; far-extending; m. ep. of Vishnu; -vi krama, a. of great courage; -vyákas, a. capacious; -vyañk, a. id.; extensive: f. urûk&isharp;, earth; -sámsa, a. praising aloud; far-ruling. kuruk ṣetra n. plain of Kuru; m. pl. people of Kurukshetra; N. of a country. guruk arman n. affair of the teacher; -kârya, n. important business; -kula, n. teacher's house: -vâsa, m. sojourn in a teacher's house, tutelary stage in a Brâhman's life; -krita, pp. made much of, lauded; -kratu, m. great sacrifice; -griha, n. pre ceptor's house; -gana, m. venerable person, father, mother, parents; -talpa, m. teacher's conjugal bed; violation of one's preceptor's bed: -ga, -gâmin, a. defiling a teacher's conjugal bed, -½abhigamana, n. violation of one's teacher's bed; -talpin, a. = -talpa ga; -tâ, f. heaviness; importance; dignity; condition of a teacher; -tva, n. id.; proso dical length: -ka, n. heaviness; -darsana,n. sight of one's teacher; -dâra, m. teacher's wife; -dhur, f. pl. severe task; -patnî, f. teacher's wife; -pûgâ, f. reverence towards a teacher; -prasâdanîya, fp. obliging to one's teacher; -prasûta, pp. permitted or bidden by elder relatives; -bhâryâ, f. teacher's wife. trikadruk a m. pl. N. of certain three Soma vessels; -kapâla, a. distributed on three dishes; -karma-krit, a. performing the three chief actions of a Brâhman (sacri fice, Vedic study, and charity); -karman, a. id. dāruk arman n. wood-carving; -kritya, n. function of wood; -ga, a. wooden. dudhruk ṣu a. wishing to hurt, treacherously inclined. duruk ta pp. spoken falsely, rashly, or offensively (n. word --); harshly addressed; n. false, rash, or offensive word; -ukti, f. harsh or offensive word; -ukkheda, a. hard to exterminate; -uttara, a. hard to overcome; -utsaha, a. hard to bear; -resist; -udâhara, a. hard to utter; -udvaha, a. hard to bear; -upakâra, a. hard to approach, dangerous to molest; hard to deal with; -upadishta, pp. badly instructed; -upadesa, m.bad advice; -upapâda, a. hard to bring about or manage; difficult to prove; -upalaksha, a. hard to perceive; -upasarpin, a. approaching incau tiously. dviruk ta pp. said twice, repeated; reduplicated; n. reduplication; -ukti, f. repetition, doubling. nimruk ti f. sunset, evening; -mrúk, f. id. niruk ta pp. √ vak; n. explanation; etymological interpretation; esp. T. of Yâs ka's commentary on the Nighantus; -ukti, f. etymological explanation; -uñkhana, n. = nî-râgana; -uttara, a.having no superior; unable to give an answer; -utsava, a. devoid of festivals; -utsâha, a. destitute of energy, unenterprising, spiritless: -tâ, f. cowardice; -utsuka, a. unconcerned; having no desire for (prati); -utseka, m.modesty; a. unpre tentious, modest; -udara, a. trunkless; -ud desam, ad. without making any statement; -udyama, a. avoiding exertion, indolent; -udyoga, a. id.; -udvigna, pp. untroubled, unagitated: -manas, a. havingone's mind undisturbed; -udvega, a. free from agitation, calm; -unmâda, a. free from arrogance; -upakârin, a. unable to render a service; -upakriya, a. rendering no service; -upa-drava, a. unassailed by mischances orcalami ties, prosperous, faring well; free from danger, safe: -tâ, f. security; -upadhi, a. free from guile, honest; blameless; -upapatti, a. un suitable; -upapada, a. unaccompanied by a secondary word; -upaplava, a.undisturbed, uninterrupted; -upabhoga, a. not enjoying; -upama, a. having no equal; -upayoga, a. useless; -upâkhya, a. indescribable: -tva, n. abst. n.; -upâya, a. futile; -ushna-tâ, f. coldness: -m nî, make cold, kill; -ushnîsha, a. turbanless, bareheaded. punaruk ta pp. said over again, repeated; superfluous, useless: -m or °ree;--, ad. repeatedly; n. repetition, tautology: -tâ, f., -tva, n. repetition, tautology; -ukta-vad- âbhâsa, m. seeming tautology (rh.); -ukti, f. repetition; useless repetition, tautology; useless or empty word: -mat, a. tautological; -uktî-kri, render superfluous; -upagamana, n. return; -upasadana, n. repeated performance; -upâkarana, n. renewal of study; -upâgama, m. return. puruk ṣu a. rich in food; -git, m. N.; -táma, spv. ever-recurring; -tr&asharp;, (V.) ad. in many ways, places, or directions; fre quently; -dhá (only before two consonants) or -dh&asharp;, ad. in many ways; frequently; -v&isharp;ra, a. rich or abounding in men (RV.). paunaruk tya n. repetition; tautology. bhruk uṭi f. contraction of the brow, frown: î, f. id.; (i)-bandha, m., (i)-rak anâ, f. knitting of the brows; (î)-krit, a. contracting the brow, frowning; (î)-mukha, n. frowning face; a. having a frowning face. śapharuk a m. small box. māruk a a. perishing. hiruk ad. away, out of sight of (ab.; V.); apart (C.). huruk ad. aside (RV.1; cp. hiruk). heruk a m. ep. of Ganesa; N.
Vedic Index of Names and Subjects
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ruk ma In the Rigveda denotes an ornament, probably of gold, usually worn on the breast. Being in several passages used of the sun, it probably had the form of a disk. In the Brāhmanas it designates a gold plate. See also Rajata. ruk mapaśa Denotes the ‘cord’ on which ‘the gold plate’ is hung. uruk akṣa Occurs in only one passage of the Rigveda, where the sense of the word is much disputed. The reading of the text is imih kakso na gāñgyah, which may refer to a man, Urukaksa, ‘dwelling on the Ganges, or to a man, son of Gañgā, or to a wood so called, or may simply denote the ‘ broad thicket on the Ganges. uruk ṣaya A family of Uruksayas, singers and worshippers of Agni, is referred to in one hymn of the Rigveda. kuruk ṣetra (‘ land of the Kurus ’) is always regarded in the Brāhmana texts as a particularly sacred country. Within its boundaries flowed the rivers Drsadvatī and Sarasvatī, as well as the Apayā. Here, too, was situated Saryanāvant, which appears to have been a lake, like that known to the Satapatha Brāhmana by the name of Anyatah-plaksā. According to Pischel, there was also in Kuruksetra a stream called Pastyā, which he sees in certain passages of the Rigveda. The boun¬daries of Kuruksetra are given in a passage of the Taittirīya Áranyaka as being Khāndava on the south, the Tūrghna on the north, and the Parīnah on the west. Roughly speaking, it corresponded to the modern Sirhind. taruk ṣa Is the name of a man in the Rigveda who is mentioned along with Balbūtha, the Dāsa, in a Dāna-stuti, or ‘Praise of Gifts. tāruk ṣya Is the name of a teacher in the Aitareya and śāñkhāyana Aranyakas. In the former passage Tārksya is a variant reading, and in the latter Tārksya is read, but this is probably only due to confusion with Tārksya, the reputed author of a Rigvedic hymn. trikadruk a A term used in the plural only, appears to denote three vessels of some kind for holding Soma. niruk ta Explanation ’ of a word or passage, is found in the Chāndogya Upanisad, but does not appear as the name of a work before the later Upanisads. It is, however, probable that Yāska’s Nirukta is not later than the rise of Buddhism. Cf. Nirvacana. nairuk ta In the Nirukta denotes a man who knows the true etymology of words, and explains their meaning accordingly. Yāska’s Nirukta is the classic work of this school, and forms a commentary on an earlier Nirukta, the so-called Naighantuka, a glossary consisting of five collections of Vedic words. puruk utsa Is the name of a king who is mentioned several times in the Rigveda. In one passage he is mentioned as a contemporary of Sudās, but whether as a foe, according to Ludwig, or merely as a contemporary, according to Hillebrandt, is uncertain. In two other passages he is mentioned as victorious by divine favour, and in another he appears as a king of the Pūrus and a conqueror of the Dāsas. His son was Trasadasyu, who is accordingly called Paurukutsya or Paurukutsi. Different conclusions have been drawn from one hymn of the Rigveda in which the birth of Purukutsa’s son, Trasadasyu, is mentioned. The usual interpretation is that Purukutsa was killed in battle or captured, whereupon his wife secured a son to restore the fortunes of the Pūrus. But Sieg offers a completely different interpretation. According to him the word daurgahe, which occurs in the hymn, and which in the ordinary view is rendered descendant of Durgaha,' an ancestor of Purukutsa, is the name of a horse, the hymn recording the success of an Aśvamedha (‘horse sacrifice’) undertaken by Purukutsa for his wife, as by kings in later times, to secure a son. This interpretation is supported by the version of daurgahe given in the śatapatha, but is by no means certain. Moreover, if Purukutsa was a contemporary of Sudās, the defeat of the Pūrus by Sudās in the Dāśarājña might well have been the cause of the troubles from which Purukutsānī, by the birth of Trasadasyu, rescued the family. In the śatapatha Brāhmana Purukutsa is called an Aiksvāka. puruk utsánī ‘ Wife of Purukutsa,’ is mentioned as the mother of Trasadasyu in one hymn of the Rigveda. peruk a occurs in an obscure verse of the Rigveda as the name of a patron of the poet.
Bloomfield Vedic Concordance
100 results
ā rukmair ā yudhā naraḥ RV.5.52.6a. bhrājante rukmair āyudhais tanūbhiḥ RV.7.57.3b. divi rukma ivopari RV.5.61.12c. divīva rukmam uruvyañcam aśret RV.5.1.12d; VS.15.25d; TS.4.4.4.2d; MS.2.13.7d: 155.17. divo rukma urucakṣā ud eti RV.7.63.4a; KS.10.13a; TB.2.8.7.3a; Apś.16.12.1a. P: divo rukmaḥ śś.3.18.6. dṛśāno rukma urvyā (RV.KS. urviyā; MS. uruyā) vy adyaut (MS. vi bhāti) RV.10.45.8a; VS.12.1a,25a; TS.1.3.14.5a; 4.1.10.4a; 2.2.4a; MS.2.7.8a: 84.10; 3.2.1: 14.5; KS.16.8a,9a; 19.11; śB.6.7.2.2; ApMB.2.11.31a (ApG.6.15.1). P: dṛśāno rukmaḥ Kś.16.5.1; Apś.16.10.9; Mś.6.1.4.1. dyāvākṣāmā rukmo antar vi bhāti RV.1.96.5c; VS.12.2c; 17.70c; TS.4.1.10.4c; 4.6.5.2c; 7.12.3c; MS.2.7.8c: 84.13; 3.21: 14.13; KS.16.8c; 18.4c; śB.6.7.2.3. P: dyāvākṣāmā Kś.16.5.4. eṣa rukmibhir īyate RV.9.15.5a; SV.2.620a. mayi ruk TA.4.6.2; 5.5.3. niṣke rukme ca yad varcaḥ AVP.2.34.2c. pañca rukmā jyotir asmai bhavanti AVś.9.5.26a. pañca rukmā pañca navāni vastrā AVś.9.5.25a. P: pañca rukmā Kauś.64.25. piṣṭaṃ rukmebhir añjibhiḥ RV.5.56.1b. agnir na ye bhrājasā rukmavakṣasaḥ # RV.10.78.2a; N.3.15. agne carur yajñiyas tvādhy arukṣat # AVś.11.1.16a; Kauś.2.7. P: agne caruḥ Kauś.61.31. atikrāmanto duritā padāni (N. duritāni viśvā) # AVś.12.2.28c; N.6.12d (see Roth's Erl"auterungen zum Nirukta, p. 80). Cf. ati viśvāni, aty enaṃ, antar dadhānā, apaghnā no, apa bādhatāṃ, and taranto viśvā. adān me paurukutsyaḥ pañcāśatam # RV.8.19.36a. Cf. BṛhD.6.51. adhīlodhakarṇās trayo viṣṇava urukramāya # TS.5.6.16.1; KSA.9.6. anu mṛkṣīṣṭa tanvaṃ duruktaiḥ # RV.1.147.4d. apāṃ tvā goṣṭho adhy arukṣad bharāya # AVś.11.1.13b. apo na vāṃ sunoty akṣṇayādhruk # RV.1.122.9b. asmin have (AVP. vāje) puruhūtaḥ purukṣuḥ (AVśṭS. -kṣu) # RV.10.128.8b; AVP.5.4.7b; AVś.5.3.8b; TS.4.7.14.3b; KS.40.10b. ākāyyasya dāvane purukṣoḥ # RV.4.29.5d. ā tvārukṣad vṛṣabhaḥ pṛśnir agriyaḥ # Kauś.89.6a. āditya nāvam ārukṣaḥ (SMB. ārokṣam) # AVś.17.1.25a; SMB.2.5.14a. P: āditya nāvam GG.4.6.12; KhG.4.1.25. See imāṃ su nāvam, imāṃ nāvam, sunāvam ā ruheyam, and sūrya nāvam. ādityo dyām adhyarukṣad vipaścit # Vait.14.1d. ā dyām arukṣad uttarāṇi sadma # RV.10.67.10b; AVś.20.91.10b; MS.4.12.1b: 178.1. ā mārukṣat (AVP. mā ru-) parṇamaṇiḥ # AVś.3.5.5a; AVP.3.13.5a. See next. ā mārukṣad devamaṇiḥ # AVś.8.5.20a. See prec. ā me graho bhavatv (KSA. grahā bhavantv) ā puroruk # TS.7.3.13.1a; KSA.3.3a. indra dyām ārurukṣataḥ # RV.8.14.14b; AVś.20.29.4b. iyaṃ duruktāt (PG. duruktaṃ) paribādhamānā # śG.2.2.1a; SMB.1.6.27a; GG.2.10.37; PG.2.2.8a; ApMB.2.2.9a (ApG.4.10.11); MG.1.22.10a; JG.1.12a; VārG.5.7a. P: iyaṃ duruktāt KhG.2.4.19; JG.1.12. See yā duritā pari-. ījānaś cittam ārukṣad agnim # AVś.18.4.14a; Kauś.80.52. uta tye mā paurukutsyasya sūreḥ # RV.5.33.8a. utaivādya purukṛt sāsy ukthyaḥ # RV.2.13.8d. ud rāyo aśyāṃ sadanaṃ purukṣoḥ # RV.3.54.21d; KS.13.15d. uruk a urukasya te vācā vayaṃ saṃ bhaktena gamemahy agne gṛhapate # MS.1.5.4: 72.1. P: urukaḥ MS.1.5.11: 80.13. See uruga. uruga urugasya te vācā vayaṃ saṃ bhaktena gamemahi # Apś.6.19.1. See uruka. urvyā urukṣitaḥ # AVP.4.21.7a. uṣāś ca tasmai nimruk ca # TB.3.7.6.23c; TA.2.5.2c; Apś.4.15.1c. ṛtāvā sa rohidaśvaḥ purukṣuḥ # RV.10.7.4c. etāni vai trīṇi trikadrukāṇi yad ṛcaḥ sāmāni yajūṃṣi brāhmaṇam # AVP.9.21.3. emaṃ panthām arukṣāma # AVś.14.2.8a; AVP.2.31.4a. P: emaṃ panthām Kauś.77.2. See sugaṃ panthām. evā daha mitramaho yo asmadhruk # RV.8.60.7c. kanyā bhūtvā sragviṇī rukmaṇī dṛśe # AVP.7.9.6d. gṛṇānaḥ śatrūṃr aśṛṇād virukmatā # RV.10.138.4d. gohya upagohyo marūko (PG. mayūkho) manohāḥ # SMB.1.7.1b; PG.2.6.10b. Cf. gṛhyo. cittiḥ (TA. citti) sruk # MS.1.9.1: 131.1; TA.3.1.1; śś.10.14.4; Mś.5.2.14.1. Designated as caturhotāraḥ: see Pet. Lex., s.v. jano yo mitrāvaruṇāv abhidruk # RV.1.122.9a. tat te rukmo na rocata svadhāvaḥ # RV.4.10.6d; TS.2.2.12.7d; MS.4.12.4d: 190.5. tanūṣu śubhrā dadhire virukmataḥ # RV.1.85.3b. taṃ tvā gīrbhir urukṣayāḥ # RV.10.118.9a. tan nas turīpam adbhutam (AVś.AVP.KS. adbhutaṃ purukṣu) # RV.1.142.10a; AVś.5.27.10a; AVP.9.1.9a; VS.27.20a; TS.4.1.8.3a; MS.2.12.6a: 150.16; KS.18.17a; N.6.21a. taṃ no agne maghavadbhyaḥ purukṣum # RV.7.5.9a. tapurjambha yo asmadhruk # RV.1.36.16b. tā asmabhyaṃ puruvāraṃ purukṣum # MS.4.14.1c: 215.4. See tāv etc. tāṃs te aśyāma purukṛt purukṣo # RV.9.91.5d. tāv asmabhyaṃ puruvāraṃ purukṣum # RV.2.40.4c; TB.2.8.1.5c. See tā etc. tuvijātā urukṣayā # RV.1.2.9b; SV.2.199b. trikadruk eṣu mahiṣo yavāśiraṃ tuviśuṣmaḥ # RV.2.22.1a; AVś.20.95.1a; SV.1.457a; 2.836a; KB.27.2; śś.15.2.1; TB.2.5.8.9a. Ps: trikadrukeṣu mahiṣo yavāśiram AB.4.3.5; JB.2.412; ā.5.1.1.7; Aś.6.2.6; 8.12.16; 10.10.4; trikadrukeṣu mahiṣaḥ śś.12.4.23; Vait.34.19; trikadrukeṣu Svidh.1.7.2. Designated as trikadrukīyā (sc. ṛk) śś.10.13.7. tribhiḥ kāṇḍais trīn svargān arukṣat # AVś.12.3.42d. tvaṃ hotā mandratamo no adhruk # RV.6.11.2a. tvayā juṣṭā juṣamāṇā (TA. var. lect. nudamānā) duruktān (var. lect. duruktāt) # TA.10.39.1c; MahānU.16.4c. tvaṣṭā suvīryaṃ rāyaspoṣam # AVP.9.1.9b. See under purukṣu tvaṣṭā. dātāro bhūta nṛvataḥ purukṣoḥ # RV.6.50.11b. diva ugro avārukṣat (AVP. -kṣaḥ) # AVP.14.3.2a; NīlarU.2a. divye yoṣaṇe bṛhatī surukme # RV.10.110.6c; AVś.5.12.6c; VS.29.31c; MS.4.13.3c: 202.6; KS.16.20c; TB.3.6.3.3c; N.8.11c. duvas tve kṛṇavate yatasruk # RV.4.2.9b. deva tvaṣṭā rāyaspoṣam # AVś.5.27.10b. See under purukṣu tvaṣṭā. devānāṃ devaṃ yajataḥ surukme # VS.20.41d; MS.3.11.1d: 140.7; KS.38.6d; TB.2.6.8.3d. dyauḥ pitaḥ pṛthivi mātar adhruk # MS.4.14.11a: 232.11; TB.2.8.6.5a. See dyauṣ etc. dyauṣ pitaḥ pṛthivi mātar adhruk # RV.6.51.5a. See dyauḥ etc. dhruve pade tasthatur jāgarūke # RV.3.54.7b. na duruktāya spṛhayet # RV.1.41.9c; N.3.16c. pibendra vajrin purukṛj juṣāṇaḥ # RV.10.179.3d; AVś.7.72.3d. puruvīrasya nṛvataḥ purukṣoḥ # RV.6.22.3b; AVś.20.36.3b. puro vajrin purukutsāya dardaḥ # RV.1.63.7b. pauro aśvasya purukṛd gavām asi # RV.8.61.6a; AVś.20.118.2a; SV.2.930a; JB.3.217a. pratnāsa āsuḥ purukṛt sakhāyaḥ # RV.6.21.5b. pra paurukutsaṃ trasadasyum āvaḥ # RV.7.19.3c; AVś.20.37.3c. prādityaṃ divyaṃ rukmam amukthāḥ # AVP.14.8.8d. See prati tvaṃ divyās. babhruś ca babhrukarṇaś ca # AVś.5.23.4c; 6.16.3c; AVP.7.2.4c; NīlarU.22a. bibhran niṣkaṃ ca rukmaṃ ca # ApMB.2.16.3a,6a (ApG.7.18.1); HG.2.7.2d. bṛhad vayo dadhire rukmavakṣasaḥ # RV.5.55.1b. bhartā yo vajraṃ naryaṃ purukṣuḥ # RV.10.74.5d. bhavas tvā abhy arukṣat # AVP.9.11.2a. martaś cid vo nṛtavo rukmavakṣasaḥ # RV.8.20.22a. mahāvṛkṣāḥ śikhaṇḍinaḥ # AVś.4.37.4b. See mahārukmāḥ. mitajñubhiḥ purukṛtvā jigāya # RV.6.32.3b. mūlam urvārvā iva # AVś.6.14.2d. Cf. urvārukam. yad ejathā maruto rukmavakṣasaḥ # AVś.6.22.2b. yad yuñjate maruto rukmavakṣasaḥ # RV.2.34.8a. yam aśvattho adhyarukṣat # AVP.1.79.2a. yas taṃnāsūrukṣu sa janāsa indraḥ # AVP.12.15.2d. Cf. yasminn amūrchat. yas tvām agna inadhate yatasruk # RV.4.12.1a. yasminn amūrchat sa janāsa indraḥ # AVś.20.34.12d. Cf. yas taṃnāsūrukṣu. yā duritā paribādhamānā # HG.1.4.4a. See iyaṃ duruktāt. yābhiḥ pṛśniguṃ purukutsam āvatam # RV.1.112.7c. yūne vṛtraṃ purukutsāya randhīḥ # RV.1.174.2d. yūpo hy arukṣad dviṣatāṃ vadhāya # Kauś.125.2a.
Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar KV Abhyankar
"ruk" has 52 results. ruk augment र् added optionally with रिक् to the reduplicative syllable; (see रिक् a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. ); e.gचर्कर्ति, नर्नर्त्ति; cf P. VII. 4. 91, 92 as also VII. 4.65. kruk an kṛt affix रुक; e.g, भीरुकः; confer, compare (भियः) क्रुकन्नपि वक्तव्यः P.III.2.174 Vārttika. triruk ta repeated thrice, occurring thrice; a term used in the PratiSakhya works in respect of a word which is repeated in the krama and other artificial recitations. dviruk ti repetition of a word, or of a letter or of a root. See द्वित्व. niruk ta name of a class of works which were composed to explain the collections of Vedic words by means of proposing derivations of those words from roots as would suit the sense. The Nirukta works are looked upon as supplementary to grammar works and there must have been a good many works of this kind in ancient times as shown by references to the writers of these viz. Upamanyu, Sakatayana,Sakapuni,Sakapurti and others, but, out of them only one work composed by Yaska has survived; the word, hence has been applied by scholars to the Nirukta of Yaska which is believed to have been written in the seventh or the eighth century B. C. i. e. a century or two before Panini. The Nirukta works were looked upon as subsidiary to the study of the Vedas along with works on phonetics ( शिक्षा ), rituals ( कल्प ), grammar (व्याकरण) prosody (छन्दस्) and astronomy(ज्योतिष)and a mention of them is found made in the Chandogyopanisad. As many of the derivations in the Nirukta appear to be forced and fanciful, it is doubtful whether the Nirukta works could be called scientific treatises. The work of Yaska, however, has got its own importance and place among works subsidiary to the Veda, being a very old work of that kind and quoted by later commentators. There were some glosses and commentary works written upon Yaska's Nirukta out of which the one by Durgacarya is a scholarly one.It is doubtful whether Durgacarya is the same as Durgasimha, who wrote a Vrtti or gloss on the Katantra Vyakarana. The word निरुक्त is found in the Pratisakhya works in the sense of 'explained' and not in the sense of derived; confer, compare Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) XV 6; V.Pr. IV. 19, 195. niruk tabhāṣya a gloss on Yaska's Nirukta written by a modern scholar of grammar named Ugracarya in the eighteenth century A. D. nairuk ta (1) obtained by derivation, etymological; (2) etymologist, writer of a Nirukta work. punaruk ta a passage which is repeated in the क्रमपाठ and the other Pāțhas or recitals; the word is also used in the sense of the conventional repetition of a word at the end of a chapter. The word पुनर्वचन is used also in the same sense; confer, compare यथोक्तं पुनरुक्तं त्रिपदप्रभृति त्रिपदप्रभृति । T.Pr.I.6l: confer, compare also Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) X.8 and 10. ruk man the primary Yama letter; a term used in the Śikșā treatises. avyutpattipakṣa the view held generally by grammarians that all words are not necessarily susceptible to analysis or derivation, an alternative view opposed to the view of the etymologists or Nairuktas that every word is derivable; confer, compare पाणिनेस्त्वव्युत्पत्तिपक्ष एवेति शब्देन्दुशेखरे निरूपितम् Pari. Śekh. Pari. 22; वाचक उपादान: स्वरूपवानिति अव्युत्पत्तिपक्षे Vyāḍi's Saṁgraha. as affix अस mentioned in the Nirukta in the word अवस ( अव् + अस ) confer, compare असो नामकरणः । तस्मान्नावगृह्णन्ति NirI.17. aākhyāta verbal form, verb; confer, compare भावप्रधानमाख्यातं सत्त्वप्रधानानि नामानि Nirukta of Yāska. I.1; चत्वारि पदजातानि नामाख्यातोपसर्गनिपाताश्च Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). I.1. Āhnika 1 ; also A.Prāt. XII. 5, अाकार अाख्याते पदादिश्च Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). I.2.37 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 2, आख्यातमाख्यातेन क्रियासातत्ये Sid. Kau. on II.1.72, क्रियावाचकमाख्यातं Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. V.1; confer, compare भारद्वाजकमाख्यातं भार्गवं नाम भाष्यते । भारद्वाजेन दृष्टत्वादाख्यातं भारद्वाजगोत्रम् V. Prāt. VIII. 52; confer, compare also Athar. Prāt.I.I.12, 18; 1.3.3,6; II.2.5 where ākhyāta means verbal form. The word also meant in ancient days the root also,as differentiated from a verb or a verbal form as is shown by the lines तन्नाम येनाभिदधाति सत्त्वं, तदाख्यातं येन भावं स धातुः R.Pr.XII.5 where 'आख्यात' and 'धातु' are used as synonyms As the root form such as कृ, भृ et cetera, and others as distinct from the verbal form, is never found in actual use, it is immaterial whether the word means root or verb.In the passages quoted a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. from the Nirukta and the Mahābhāṣya referring to the four kinds of words, the word ākhyāta could be taken to mean root (धातु) or verb (क्रियापद). The ākhyāta or verb is chiefly concerned with the process of being and bccoming while nouns (नामानि) have sattva or essence, or static element as their meaning. Verbs and nouns are concerned not merely with the activities and things in this world but with every process and entity; confer, compare पूर्वापूरीभूतं भावमाख्यातेनाचष्टे Nir.I.;अस्तिभवतिविद्यतीनामर्थः सत्ता । अनेककालस्थायिनीति कालगतपौर्वापर्येण क्रमवतीति तस्याः क्रियात्वम् । Laghumañjūṣā. When a kṛt (affix). affix is added to a root, the static element predominates and hence a word ending with a kṛt (affix). affix in the sense of bhāva or verbal activity is treated as a noun and regularly declined;confer, compare कृदभिहितो भावे द्रव्यवद् भवति M.Bh. on II.2.19 and III. 1.67, where the words गति, व्रज्या, पाक and others are given as instances. Regarding indeclinable words ending with kṛt (affix). affixes such as कर्तुं, कृत्वा, and others, the modern grammarians hold that in their case the verbal activity is not shadowed by the static element and hence they can be,in a way, looked upon as ākhyātas; confer, compare अव्ययकृतो भावे Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇa. aāgantuka literally adventitious, an additional wording generally at the end of roots to show distinctly their form exempli gratia, for example वदि, एधि, सर्ति et cetera, and others ; confer, compare इन्धिभवतिभ्यां च P I.2.6: confer, compare also भावलक्षणे स्थेण्कृञ्वदिचरिहृतभिजनिभ्यस्तोमुन्, P.III.4.16, सृपिवृदो. कसुन् P. III.4.17 and a number of other sūtras where इ or तिं is added to the root confer, compare इक्श्तिपौ धातुनिर्देशे, वर्णात्कारः, रादिफः P.III.3.108 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 2.3. 4, where such appendages to be added to the roots or letters are given. The word अागन्तु is an old word used in the Nirukta, but the term आगन्तुक appears to be used for the first time for such forms by Haradatta; confer, compare ह्वरोरिति ह्वृ कौटिल्ये, आगन्तुकेकारे गुणेन निर्देशः Padamañjarī, a commentary on the Kāśikāvṛtti by Haradatta. on VII.2.31. In the traditional oral explanations the second part of a reduplicated word is termed अागन्तुक which is placed second i. e. after the original by virtue of the convention आगन्तूनामन्ते निवेशः, although in fact, it is said to possess the sense of the root in contrast with the first which is called abhyāsa.A nice distinction can, however be drawn between the four kinds of adventitious wordings found in grammar viz.आगन्तु, इत्, अभ्यास and आगम which can be briefly stated as follows; The former two do not form a regular part of the word and are not found in the actual use of the word; besides, they do not possess any sense, while the latter two are found in actual use and they are possessed of sense. Again the agantu word is simply used for facility of understanding exactly and correctly the previous word which is really wanted; the इत् wording, besides serving this purpose, is of use in causing some grammatical operations. अभ्यास, is the first part of the wording which is wholly repeated and it possesses no sense by itself, while, āgama which is added to the word either at the beginning or at the end or inserted in the middle, forms a part of the word and possesses the sense of the word. aāgrāyaṇa an ancient scholar of Nirukta quoted by Yāska confer, compare अक्षि अष्टेः । अनक्तेरिति आग्रायणः Nirukta of Yāska. I.9. ugrabhūti or उग्राचार्य writer of a gloss on the Nirukta, called Niruktabhāṣya believed to have lived in the 18th century A. D; writer also of a grammatical work Śiṣyahitāvṛtti or Śiṣyahitānyāsa, which was sent to kāshmir and made popular with a large sum of money spent upon it, by his pupil Ānanadpāla. upajana literally origin; one that originates, augment, उपजायते असौ उपजन: । The word is used in the sense of 'additional phonetic element'; confer, compare उपजन आगमः Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on Śivasūtra 5; confer, compare also वर्णव्यत्ययापायोपजनविकारेष्वर्थदर्शनात् । Māheśvarasūtras. 5 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 15. The Ṛk Prātiśākhya gives स् in पुरुश्चन्द्र as an instance ofeminine. उपजन confer, compare Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) IV. 37. In the Nirukta उपजन is given as the sense of the prefix 'उप'; confer, compare उपेत्युपजनम्: The commentary on the Nirukta explains the word उपजन as अाधिक्य. upamanyu (1) the famous commentator on the grammatical verses attributed to Nandikeśvarakārikā. which are known by the name नन्दिकेश्वरकारिका and which form a kind of a commentary on the sūtras of Maheśvara; (2) a comparatively modern grammarian possibly belonging to the nineteenth century who is also named Nandikeśvarakārikā. kārikābhāṣya by Upamanyu. and who has written a commentory on the famous Kāśikāvṛtti by Jayāditya and Vāmana. Some believe that Upa-manyu was an ancient sage who wrote a nirukta or etymological work and whose pupil came to be known as औपमन्यव. upamā a well-known term in Rhetorics meaning the figure of speech ' simile ' or ' comparison '. The word is often found in the Nirukta in the same sense; confer, compare अथात उपमाः | 'यत् अतत् तत्सदृशम्'इति गार्ग्यः । Nir III.13. Generally an inferior thing is compared to another that is superior in quality. ekavacana singular number; affix of the singular numberin Pāṇini's grammar applied to noun-bases ( प्रातिपदिक) and roots when the sense of the singular number is to be conveyed; the singular sense can be of the form of an individual or collection or genus. The word एकवचन in the technical sense of singular number is found used in the Prātiśākhyas and Nirukta also. aaudumvarāyaṇa an ancient sage whose doctrine of 'evanescence of words' (literally existence as long as its cognition is had by the sense organs) is seen quoted in the Nirukta; confer, compare इन्द्रियनित्यं वचनमौदुम्बरायणस्तत्र चतुष्टयं नोपपद्यते Nirukta of Yāska. I.1. aupamanyava name of an ancient etymologist referred to by Yaska in his Nirukta possibly as a commentator on निघण्टु; confer, compare निगन्तव एव सन्तो निगमनान्निघण्टव उच्यन्यन्ते इत्यौपमन्यवः Nirukta of Yāska. I.1. line 4. kātthakya an ancient writer of Nirukta quoted by Yāska in his Nirukta. kārmanāmika the word is found used in Yāska's Nirukta as an adjective to the word संस्कार where it means belonging to nouns derived fromroofs (कर्मनाम)"like पाचक,कर्षक et cetera, and others The changes undergone by the roots in the formation of such words i. e. words showing action are termed कार्मनामिकसंस्कार; confer, compare कर्मकृतं नाम कर्मनाम। तस्मिन् भवः कार्मनामिकः Durgavṛtti on Nirukta of Yāska. I.13. कार्य(l) brought.into existence by activity (क्रियया निर्वृत्तं कार्यम् ) as oppo- sed to नित्य eternal; confer, compare एके वर्णाञ् शाश्वतिकान् न कार्यान् R.Pr. XIII.4 confer, compare also ननु च यस्यापि कार्याः ( शब्दाः ) तस्यापि पूजार्थम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I.1.44 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 17;(2) which should be done, used in connection with a grammatical operation: confer, compare कार्य एत्वे सयमीकारमाहुः ।| अभैष्म इत्येतस्य स्थाने अभयीष्मेति । R.Pr. XIV.16; confer, compare also विप्रतिषेधे परं कार्यम् P. I.4.2; (3) a grammatical opera- tion as for instance in the phrases द्विकार्ययोगे, त्रिकार्ययोगे et cetera, and others ; confer, compare also गौणमुख्ययोर्मुख्ये कार्यसंप्रत्ययः Paribhāṣenduśekhara of Nāgeśa. Pari. 15;(4) object of a transitive verb: confer, compare शेषः कार्ये Śāk. kṛt literally activity; a term used in the grammars of Pāṇini and others for affixes applied to roots to form verbal derivatives; confer, compare कृदतिङ् । धातोः ( ३ ।१।९१ ) इत्यधिकारे तिङ्कवर्जितः प्रत्ययः कृत् स्यात् । Kāś. on III.1.93, The kṛt affixes are given exhaustively by Pāṇini in Sūtras III.1.91 to III.4. I17. कृत् and तद्धित appear to be the ancient Pre-Pāṇinian terms used in the Nirukta and the Prātiśākhya works in the respective senses of root-born and noun-born words ( कृदन्त and तद्धितान्त according to Pāṇini's terminology), and not in the sense of mere affixes; confer, compare सन्त्यल्पप्रयोगाः कृतोप्यैकपदिकाः Nirukta of Yāska. I.14: अथापि भाषिकेभ्यो धातुभ्यो नैगमाः कृतो भाष्यन्ते Nirukta of Yāska. II.2; तिङ्कृत्तद्धितसमासा: शब्दमयम् V.Pr. I.27; also confer, compare V.Pr. VI.4. Patañjali and later grammarians have used the word कृत् in the sense of कृदन्त; confer, compare गतिकारकोपपदानां कृद्भिः सह समासवचनं प्राक् सुबुत्पत्तेः Pari Śek.Pari.75. The kṛt affixes are given by Pāṇini in the senses of the different Kārakas अपादान, संप्रदान, करण, अाधकरण, कर्म and कर्तृ, stating in general terms that if no other sense is assigned to a kṛt affix it should be understood that कर्ता or the agent of the verbal activity is the sense; confer, compare कर्तरि कृत् । येष्वर्थनिर्देशो नास्ति तत्रेदमुपतिष्ठते Kāś. on III.4.67. The activity element possessed by the root lies generally dormant in the verbal derivative nouns; confer, compare कृदभिहितो भावो द्रव्यवद्भवति, क्रियावदपि । M.Bh.on V.4.19 and VI. 2.139 kṣīrasvāmin a grammarian of Kashmir of the 8th century who wrote the famous commentary क्षीरतरङ्गिणी on the Amarakośa and a commentary on the Nirukta of Yāska. gārgya an ancient reputed grammarian and possibly a writer of a Nirukta work, whose views, especially in.connection with accents are given in the Pratisakhya works, the Nirukta and Panini's Astadhyayi. Although belonging to the Nirukta school, he upheld the view of the Vaiyakaranas that all words cannot be derived, but only some of them: cf Nirukta of Yāska. I. 12.3. cf, also Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. IV. 167, Nirukta of Yāska. I. 3.5, III. 14.22: Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) I. 13; XIII. 12: P. VII. 3.99, VIII. 3.20, VIII. 4.69. gālava an ancient grammarian and niruktakara quoted by Panini; confer, compare P. VI 3.60, VII. I.74, VII. 3,99, VIII. 4.67, confer, compare also Nirukta of Yāska. IV. 3. guṇa (1) degree of a vowel; vocalic degree, the second out of the three degrees of a vowel viz. primary degree, guna degree and vrddhi degree exempli gratia, for example इ, ए and ऐ or उ, ओ and औ. अ is given as a guna of अ; but regarding अ also,three degrees can be stated अ, अ and आ. In the Pratisakhya and Nirukta ए is called गुण or even गुणागम but no definiti6n is given ; confer, compare गुणागमादेतनभावि चेतन R.Pr.XI.6;शेवम् इति विभीषितगुणः। शेवमित्यपि भवति Nir.X.17: (2) the properties of phonetic elements or letters such as श्वास,नाद et cetera, and others : confer, compare Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) Ch.XIII : (3) secondary, subordinate;confer, compare शेषः,अङ्गं, गुणः इति समानार्थाः Durgācārya's commentary on the Nirukta. on Nirukta of Yāska. I.12: (4) properties residing in a substance just as whiteness, et cetera, and others in a garment which are different from the substance ( द्रव्य ). The word गुण is explained by quotations from ancient grammarians in the Maha bhasya as सत्वे निविशतेsपैति पृथग्जातिषु दृश्यते । अाघेयश्चाक्रियाजश्च सोSसत्त्वप्रकृतिर्गुणः ॥ अपर आह । उपैत्यन्यज्जहात्यन्यद् दृष्टो द्रव्यान्तरेष्वपि। वाचकः सर्वलिङ्गानां द्रव्यादन्यो गुणः स्मृतः ; Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on IV.1.44;cf also शब्दस्पर्शरूपरसगन्धा गुणास्ततोन्यद् द्रव्यम् ,M.Bh.on V.1.119 (5) properties of letters like उदात्तत्व, अनुदात्तत्व, स्वरितत्व, ह्र्स्वत्व, दीर्घत्व, प्लुतत्व, अानुनासिक्य et cetera, and others ; confer, compare भेदकत्वाद् गुणस्य । आनुनासिक्यं नाम गुणः Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I.1.1.. Vart, 13: (6) determinant cf भवति बहुव्रीहौ तद्गुणसंविज्ञानमपि Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 1.27; (7) technical term in Panini's grarnmar standing for the vowels अ, ए and ओ, confer, compare अदेङ्गुणः P.I.1.2. For the various shades of the meaning of the word गुण, see Mahabhasya on V.1.119. " गुणशब्दोयं बह्वर्थः । अस्त्येव समेष्ववयवेषु वर्तते ।...... चर्चागुणांश्च । carmaśiras name of a Nirukta writer quoted by Yaska; confer, compare Nir.III.15. taddhita a term of the ancient prePaninian grammarians used by Panini just like सर्वनामन् or अव्यय without giving any specific definition of it. The term occurs in the Nirukta of Yaska and the Vajasaneyi-Pratisakhya ; confer, compare अथ तद्वितसमासेषु एकपर्वसु चानेकपर्वसु पूर्वे पूर्वमपरमपरं प्रविभज्य निर्ब्रूयात् । द्ण्डय्ः पुरुषः । दण्डमर्हतीति वा, दण्डेन संपद्यते इति वा Nirukta of Yāska. II.2; also confer, compare तिङ्कृत्तद्धितचतुथ्यसमासाः इाब्दमयम् Vaj Prati.I. 27. It is to be noted that the word तद्वित is used by the ancient grammarians in the sense of a word derived from a substantive ( प्रातिपादक ) by the application of suffixes like अ, यत् et cetera, and others , and not in the sense of words derived from roots by affixes like अन, ति et cetera, and others which were termed नामकरण, as possibly contrasted with the word ताद्धित used by Yaska in II. 5. Panini has used the word तद्धित not for words, but for the suffixes which are added to form such words at all places (e. g. in I. 1.38, IV.1.17, 76, VI.1.61 et cetera, and others ). in fact, he has begun the enumeration of taddhita affixes with the rule तद्धिता: (P.IV.1. 76) by putting the term तद्धित for affixes such as ति, ष्यङ्, अण् et cetera, and others which are mentioned thereafter. In his rule कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च and in the Varttika समासकृत्तद्धिताव्यय(I.4.1Vart. 41) which are similar to V.Pr.1. 27 quoted a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. the word तद्धित appears to be actually used for words derived from nouns by secondary affixes, along with the word कृत् which also means words derived from roots, although commentators have explained there the terms कृत् and तद्धित for कृदन्त and तद्धितान्त. The term तद्वित is evidently echoed in the Sutra तस्मै हितम् which, although it is not the first Sutra there were possibly long lists of secondary nouns with the senses of secondary suffixes, and तद्धित was perhaps,the first sense given there. The number of taddhita suffixes mentioned by Panini is quite a large one; there are in fact 1110 rules given in the taddhita section covering almost two Adhyayas viz. from P. IV. 1.76 to the end of the fifth Adhyaya. The main sub-divisions of taddhita affixes mentioned by commentators are, Apatyadyarthaka (IV. 1.92 to 178), Raktadyarthaka (IV.2.1 to 91), Saisika {IV.2. 92 to IV.3.133), Pragdivyatiya (IV. 3 134 to 168), Pragvahatiya (IV.4.1 to IV.4.74), Pragghitiya (IV.4.75 to IV.4.109), Arhiya (V.1.1 to 71),Thanadhikarastha (V. 1.72 to V. 1.1.114), Bhavakarmarthaka (V. 1.115 to V.1.136), Pancamika (V. 2.1 to V. 2.93), Matvarthiya (V. 2.94 to V. 2. 140), Vibhaktisamjaaka (V. 3.1 to V. 3.26) and Svarthika (V. 3.27 to V. 4.160). The samasanta affixes (V.4.68 to V.4.160) can be included in the Svarthika affixes. durgasiṃha the famous commentator of the Katantra sutras, whose Vrtti on the sutras is the most popular one. It is called , कातन्त्रसूत्रवृत्ति or कातन्तवृत्ति or दौर्गसिंहीवृत्ति , also. A work on Paribhasas named परिभाषावृति, in which Paribhasas are explained and established as based on the Katantra Vyakarana sutras, is attributed to Durgasimha. It is doubtful whether this commentator Durgasimha is the same as Durgacarya, the famous commentator of Yaska's Nirukta. There is a legend that Durgasimha was the brother of Vikramaditya, the founder of the Vikrama Era. Besides the gloss on the Katantra sutras, some grammar works such as a gloss on the unadi sutras, a gloss ( वृत्ति ) on Kalapa-Vyakarana Sutras, a commentary on Karakas named षट्कारकरत्न, Namalinganusasana and Paribhasavrtti are ascribed to Durgasimha. Some scholars believe that the term अमरसिंह was only a title given to Durgasimha for his profound scholarship, and it was Durgasimha who was the author of the well-known work Amarakosa. dhātu a root; the basic word of a verbal form,defined by the Bhasyakara as क्रियावचनो धातुः or even as भाववचने धातु:, a word denoting a verbal activity. Panini has not defined the term as such, but he has given a long list of roots under ten groups, named dasagani, which includes about 2200 roots which can be called primary roots as contrasted with secondary roots. The secondary roots can be divided into two main groups ( l ) roots derived from roots ( धातुजधातवः ) and (2) roots derived from nouns ( नामधातवः ). The roots derived from roots can further be classified into three main subdivisions : (a) causative roots or णिजन्त, (b) desiderative roots or सन्नन्त, (c) intensive roots or यङन्त and यङ्लुगन्त: while roots derived from nouns or denominative roots can further be divided into क्यजन्त, काम्यजन्त, क्यङन्त, क्यषन्त, णिङन्त, क्विबन्त and the miscellaneous ones ( प्रकीर्ण ) as derived from nouns like कण्डू( कण्ड्वादि ) by the application of the affix यक् or from nouns like सत्य,वेद, पाश, मुण्ड,मिश्र, et cetera, and others by the application of the affix णिच्. Besides these, there are a few roots formed by the application of the affix अाय and ईय (ईयङ्). All these roots can further be classified into Parasmaipadin or Parasmaibhasa, Atmanepadin or Atmanebhasa and Ubhayapadin. Roots possessed of a mute grave ( अनुदात्त ) vowel or of the mute consonant ङ् added to the root in the Dhatupatha or ending in the affixes यड्, क्यङ् et cetera, and others as also roots in the passive voice are termed Atmanepadin: while roots ending with the affix णिच् as also roots possessed of a mute circumflex vowel or a mute consonant ञ़़् applied to them are termed Ubhayapadin. All the rest are termed Parasmaipadin. There are some other mute letters or syllables applied by Panini to the roots in his Dhatupatha for specific purposes; exempli gratia, for example ए at the end to signify prohibition of vrddhi to the penultimate अ in the aorist, exempli gratia, for example अकखीत् confer, compare P. VII.2.5; इर् to signify the optional substitution of अ or अङ् for the affix च्लि of the aorist, exempli gratia, for example अभिदत्, अभैत्सीत् ; confer, compare P.III. 1.57; उ to signify the optional application of the augment इ ( इट् ) before क्त्वा exempli gratia, for example शमित्वा, शान्त्वा; confer, compare P.VII. 2. 56; ऊ to signify the optional application of the augment इ ( इट् ) exempli gratia, for example गोप्ता, गेीपिता, confer, compare P.VII.2.44; अा to signify the prohibition of the augment इट् in the case of the past passive voice. participle. exempli gratia, for example क्ष्विण्णः, स्विन्नः, confer, compare P. VII.2.16; इ to signify the addition of a nasal after the last vowel e. g. निन्दति from निदि, confer, compare P. VII.1.58: ऋ to signify the prohibition of ह्रस्व to the penultimate long vowel before णिच्, e. g. अशशासत्, confer, compare P.VII. 4.2;लृ to signify the substitution of अङ् for च्लि in the aorist, exempli gratia, for example अगमत् confer, compare P. III.1.55: ओ to signify the substitution of न् for त् of the past passive voice. participle. exempli gratia, for example लग्नः, अापीनः, सूनः, दून: et cetera, and others ; confer, compare P. VIII. 2.45. Besides these,the mute syllables ञि, टु and डु are prefixed for specific purposes; confer, compare P. III.2.187, III.3.89 and III. 3.88. The term धातु is a sufficiently old one which is taken by Panini from ancient grammarians and which is found used in the Nirukta and the Pratisakhya works, signifying the 'elemental (radical)base' for nouns which are all derivable from roots according to the writers of the Nirukta works and the grammarian Siktaayana; confer, compare नाम च धातुजमाह निरुक्ते व्याकरणे शकटस्य च तोकम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. III.3.1. Some scholars have divided roots into six categories; confer, compare तत्र धातवः षोढा (a) परिपठिताः भूवादयः, (b) अपरिपठता अान्दोलयत्यादयः, (c) परिपठितापरिपठिताः ( सूत्रपठिताः ) स्कुस्कम्भस्तम्भेत्यादयः, (d) प्रत्ययधातवः सनाद्यन्ताः, (e) नामघातवः कण्ड्वादयः, (f) प्रत्ययनामधातवः होडगल्भक्ली. बप्रभृतयः; cf Sringara Prak. I. For details see M.Bh. on P.I.3.I as also pp 255, 256 Vol. VII Vyakarana-Mahabhasya published by the D.E. Society, Poona. nāman noun, substantive; one of the four categories of words given in the Nirukta and other ancient grammer works; confer, compare चत्वारि पदजातानि नामाख्याते चोपसर्गनिपाताश्च, Nirukta of Yāska. I.1. The word is defined as सत्त्वप्रधानानि नामानि by standard grammarians; confer, compare Nirukta of Yāska. I. 1.; confer, compare also सत्त्वाभिधायकं नाम, Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) XIII.8; Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. VIII. 49 and commentary thereon. Panini divides words into two categories only, viz. सुबन्त and तिङन्त and includes नामन् ,उपसर्ग and निपात under सुबन्त. The Srngarapraksa defines नामन् as follows-अनपेक्षितशब्दव्युत्पत्तीनि सत्त्वभूतार्थाभिधायीनि नामानि। तानि द्विविधानि। आविष्टलिङ्गानि अनाविष्टलिङ्गानि च । The word नामन् at the end of a sasthitatpurusa compound signifies a name or Samjna e. g. सर्वनामन्, दिङ्नामन् , छन्दोनामन्; confer, compare also. Bhasavrtti on संज्ञायां कन्थोशीनरेषु P. II.4. 20 and संज्ञायां भृत्. P. III. 2.46 where the author of the work explains the word संज्ञायां as नाम्नि. The word is used in the sense of 'a collection of words' in the Nirukta, confer, compare अन्तरिक्षनामानि, अपत्यनामानि, ईश्वरनामानि, उदकनामानि, et cetera, and others nighaṇṭu a name given to a collection of words which are mainly Vedic. In ancient times such collections were possibly very general and numerous and the works or treatises on derivation such as the Nirukta of Yaska were based upon them; confer, compare निघण्टवः कस्मात् । निगमा इमे भवन्ति । छन्दोभ्यः समाहृत्य समाहृत्य समाम्नातास्ते निगन्तव एव सन्तो निगमनान्निघण्टव उच्यन्ते इत्यौपमन्यवः । अपि वा आहननादेव स्युः | समाहता भवन्ति । यद्वा समाहृता भवन्ति (Nir.I.1) where the word is derived from गम्,or हन् or हृ. The word निघण्टु is taken as synonymous with निगम by Durgacarya. nipāta a particle which possesses no gender and number, and the case termination after which is dropped or elidedition Nipata is given as one of the four categories of words viz नामन्, आख्यात, उपसर्ग and निपात by all the ancient writers of Pratisakhya, Vyakarana and Nirukta works;confer, compare Nirukta of Yāska. I. 4, M.Bh. on I. 1. Ahnika l, Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) XII. 8 et cetera, and others The word is derived from the root पत् with नि by Yaska who has mentioned three subdivisions of Niptas उपमार्थे, कर्मोपसंग्रहार्थे and पदपूरणे; confer, compare अथ निपाताः । उच्चावचेष्वर्थेषु निपतन्ति । अप्युपमार्थे । अपि कर्मोपसंग्रह्यार्थे । अपि पदपूरणाः । Nirukta of Yāska. I. 4. The Nipatas are looked upon as possessed of no sense; confer, compare निपातः पादपूरणः Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) XII. 8, Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. VIII. 50, ( commentary by Uvvata ). Panini has not given any definition of the word निपात, but he has enumerated them as forming a class with च at their head in the rule चादयोऽसत्वे where the word असत्वे conveys an impression that they possess no sense, the sense being of two kinds सत्त्व and भाव, and the Nipatas not possesssing any one of the two. The impression is made rather firm by the statement of the Varttikakra'निपातस्यानर्थकस्य प्रातिपदिकत्वम्' P. I. 2. 45 Vart. 12. Thus, the question whether the Nipatas possess any sense by themselves or not, becomes a difficult one to be answeredition Although the Rkpratisakhya in XII.8 lays down that the Nipatas are expletive, still in the next verse it says that some of them do possess sense; confer, compare निपातानामर्थवशान्निपातनादनर्थकानामितरे च सार्थकाः on which Uvvata remarks केचन निपाताः सार्थकाः, केचन निरर्थकाः । The remark of Uvvata appears to be a sound one as based on actual observation, and the conflicting views have to be reconciledition This is done by Bhartrhari who lays down that Nipatas never directly convey the sense but they indicate the sense. Regarding the sense indicated by the Nipatas, it is said that the sense is never Sattva or Dravya or substance as remarked by Panini; it is a certain kind of relation and that too, is not directly expressed by them but it is indicatedition Bhoja in his Srngaraprakasa gives a very comprehensive definition of Nipata as:-जात्यादिप्रवृत्तिनिमित्तानुपग्राहित्वेनासत्त्वभूतार्थाभिधायिनः अलिङ्गसंख्याशक्तय उच्चावचेष्वर्थेषु निपतन्तीत्यव्ययविशेषा एव चादयो निपाताः । He gives six varieties of them, viz. विध्यर्थ, अर्थवादार्थ, अनुवादार्थ, निषेधार्थ, विधिनिषेधार्थ and अविधिनिषेधार्थ, and mentions more than a thousand of them. For details see Bhartrhari's Vakyapadiya II. 189-206. nirvacana interpretation by means of etymology as found in the Nirukta works; the act of fully uttering the meaning hidden in words that are partially or wholly unintelligible in respect of their derivation, by separating a word into its component letters; confer, compare निष्कृष्य विगृह्य निर्वचनम्, Durgavrtti on Nirukta of Yāska. II. 1.For details see Nirukta II.1. naigama (1) belonging to the Veda, Vedic as opposed to लौकिक or भाषिक; confer, compare नैघण्टुकानि नैगमानीहेह Nir.I. 20; (2) name given to Kāndas 4, 5 and 6 of the Nirukta of Yāska; confer, compare अनवगतसंस्कारा जहादयो यस्मिन्निगम्यन्ते तन्नैगमं Durga Vr. on Nir IV.1. naighaṇṭuka mentioned as secondary; literally निघण्टुकाण्डे वर्तमानानि पदानि; the term is applied to the first three Kāndas or sections of the Nirukta. paṇḍita writer of Citprabhā, a commentary on the Paribhāșenduśekhara. A commentary on the Laghuśabdenduśekhara is also ascribed to him. He was a Gauda Brāhmaņa whose native place was Kurukșetra. He lived in the beginning of the nineteenth century. pada a word; a unit forming a part of a sentence; a unit made up of a letter or of letters, possessed of sense; confer, compare अक्षरसमुदायः पदम् । अक्षरं वा । V.Pr. VIII. 46, 47. The word originally was applied to the individual words which constituted the Vedic Samhitā; confer, compare पदप्रकृतिः संहिता Nir.I.17. Accordingly, it is defined in the Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya as ' अर्थः पदम् ' (Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. III. 2) as contrasted with ' वर्णानामेकप्राणयोगः संहिता ' (V.Pr.I.158). The definition ' अर्थः पदम् ' is attributed to the ancient grammarian 'Indra', who is believed to have been the first Grammarian of India. Pāņini has defined the term पद as ' सुप्तिङन्तं पदम् ' P.I.4.14. His definition is applicable to complete noun-forms and verb-forms and also to prefixes and indeclinables where a case-affix is placed and elided according to him; confer, compare अव्ययादाप्सुपः P. II. 4. 82. The noun-bases before case affixes and taddhita affix. affixes, mentioned in rules upto the end of the fifth adhyāya, which begin with a consonant excepting य् are also termed पद by Pāņini to include parts of words before the case affixes भ्याम् , भिस्, सु et cetera, and others as also before the taddhita affix. affixes मत्, वत् et cetera, and others which are given as separate padas many times in the pada-pātha of the Vedas; confer, compare स्वादिष्वसर्वनामस्थाने P. I. 4. 17. See for details the word पदपाठ. There are given four kinds of padas or words viz. नाम, अाख्यात, उपसर्ग and निपात in the Nirukta and Prātiśākhya works; confer, compare also पदमर्थे प्रयुज्यते, विभक्त्यन्तं च पदम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 2. 64 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 19, वर्णसमुदायः पदम् M.Bh. on I.1.21 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 5, पूर्वपरयोरर्थोपलब्धौ पदम् Kātantra vyākaraṇa Sūtra. I.1.20, पदशब्देनार्थ उच्यते Kaiyata on P.I.2.42 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 2; confer, compare also पद्यते गम्यते अर्थः अनेनेति पदमित्यन्वर्थसंज्ञा Kāśikāvivaraṇapañjikā, a commentary on the Kāśikāvṛtti by Jinendrabuddhi, called Nyāsa. on P.III. 1.92. The verb endings or affixs ति, तस् and others are also called पद. The word पद in this sense is never used alone, but with the word परस्मै or अात्मने preceding it. The term परस्मैपद stands for the nine affixes तिप्, तस्, ...मस्,while the term आत्मनेपद stands for the nine affixes त, आताम् ... महिङ्. confer, compare ल: परमैपदम्, तङानावात्मनेपदम्. It is possible to say that in the terms परस्मैपद and अात्मनेपद also, the term पद could be taken to mean a word, and it is very likely that the words परस्मैपद and अात्मनेपद were originally used in the sense of 'words referring to something meant for another' and 'referring to something meant for self' respectively. Such words, of course, referred to verbal forms, roughly corresponding to the verbs in the active voice and verbs in the passive voice. There are some modern scholars of grammar, especially linguists, who like to translate परस्मैपद as 'active voice' and आत्मनेपद as ' passive voice'. Pāņini appears, however, to have adapted the sense of the terms परस्मैपद and आत्मनेपद and taken them to mean mere affixes just as he has done in the case of the terms कृत् and तद्धित. Presumably in ancient times, words current in use were grouped into four classes by the authors of the Nirukta works, viz. (a) कृत् (words derived from roots)such as कर्ता, कारकः, भवनम् et cetera, and others , (b) तद्धित (words derived from nouns ) such as गार्ग्यः , काषायम् , et cetera, and others , (c) Parasmaipada words viz. verbs such as भवति, पचति, and (d) Ātmanepada words id est, that is verbs like एधते, वर्धते, et cetera, and others Verbs करोति and कुरुते or हरति and हरते were looked upon as both परस्मैपद words and आत्मनेपद words. The question of simple words, as they are called by the followers of Pāņini, such as नर, तद् , गो, अश्व, and a number of similar underived words, did not occur to the authors of the Nirukta as they believed that every noun was derivable, and hence could be included in the kŗt words. padakāra literally one who has divided the Samhitā text of the Vedas into the Pada-text. The term is applied to ancient Vedic Scholars शाकल्य, आत्रेय, कात्यायन and others who wrote the Padapātha of the Vedic Samhitās. The term is applied possibly through misunderstanding by some scholars to the Mahābhāsyakāra who has not divided any Vedic Samhitā,but has, in fact, pointed out a few errors of the Padakāras and stated categorically that grammarians need not follow the Padapāțha, but, rather, the writers of the Padapāțha should have followed the rules of grammar. Patañjali, in fact, refers by the term पदकार to Kātyāyana, who wrote the Padapātha and the Prātiśākhya of the Vājasaneyi-Samhitā in the following statement--न लक्षणेन पदकारा अनुवर्त्याः। पदकारैर्नाम लक्षणमनुवर्त्यम्। यथालक्षणं पदं कर्तव्यम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. III.1. 109; VI. 1. 207; VIII. 2.16; confer, compare also अदीधयुरिति पदकारस्य प्रत्याख्यानपक्षे उदाहरणमुपपन्नं भवति ( परिभाषासूचन of व्याडि Pari. 42 ) where Vyādi clearly refers to the Vārtika of Kātyāyana ' दीधीवेव्योश्छन्दोविषयत्वात् ' P. I. 1.6 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). I. The misunderstanding is due to passages in the commentary of स्कन्दस्वामिन् on the Nirukta passage I. 3, उब्वटटीका on ऋक्प्रातिशाख्य XIII. 19 and others where the statements referred to as those of Patañjali are, in fact, quotations from the Prātiśākhya works and it is the writers of the Prātiśākhya works who are referred to as padakāras by Patañ jali in the Mahābhāsya. pārṣada parṣadi bhavaṃ pārṣadam literally the interpretation or theory discussed and settled at the assembly of the learnedition The word is used in the sense of works on Nirukti or derivation of words as also works of the type of the Prātiśākhyās; confer, compare पदप्रकृतीनि सर्वचरणानां पार्षदानि Nirukta of Yāska. I. 17 and the commentary of, दुर्गाचार्यः confer, compare also पार्षदकृतिरेषा तत्रभवतां नैव लोके नान्यस्मिन्वेदे अर्ध एकारः अर्ध ओकारो वास्ति Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I. 1. 48: see also pp. 104, 105 Vol. VII Mahābhāsya D. E. Society's edition. See पारिषद. pravāda a grammatical explanation; detailed explanation by citing the gender, number, krt affix, taddhita affix. affix and the like: confer, compare लिङ्गसंख्यातद्धितकृतरूपभेदाः प्रवादाः । पाण्यादिशब्दानां प्रवादेषु प्रथमो (original) नकारो णत्वमाप्नोति स च प्राकृतः । Taittirīya Prātiśākhya. XIII. 9. The word is explained as a change in the form of a word, as for instance, by the substitution of स् for विसर्ग where विसर्ग is, in fact, expected; confer, compare कबन्धं पृथु इत्येतेषां पदानां प्रवादा रूपभेदा उदये परत्रावस्थिताः दिव इत्येतस्य उपचारं जनयन्ति । यथा दिवस्कबन्धम् , दिवस्पृथुः Uvvata on Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) IV. 22; confer, compare also प्रवादाः षडितः परे, Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) IX. 18. In the Nirukta, the word is used in the sense of 'distinct mention'; confer, compare एवमन्यासामपि देवतानामादित्यप्रवादाः स्तुतयो भवन्ति ( deities are mentioned under the name of Aditya) Nir II.13; cf also वैश्वानरीयाः प्रवादाः Nir, VII. 23. prāgdeśa districts of the east especially districts to the east of Ayodhya and Pataliputra, such as Magadha, Vanga and others; nothing can definitely be said as to which districts were called Eastern by Panini and his followers Katyayana and Patanjali. A Varttika given in the Kasika but not traceable in the Mahabhasya defines Pragdesa as districts situated to the east of शरावती (probably the modern river Ravi or a river near that river ): confer, compare प्रागुदञ्चौ विभजते हंसः क्षीरोदके यथा । विदुषां शब्दसिद्ध्यर्थे सा नः पातु शरावती ॥ Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. on एङ् प्राचां देशे P. I. 1.75. There is a reading सरस्वती in some manuscript copies and सरस्वती is a wellknown river in the Punjab near Kuruksetra, which disappears in the sandy desert to the south: a reading इरावती is also found and इरावती may stand for the river Ravi. शरावती in Burma is simply out of consideration. For details see Vyakarana Mahabhasya Vol. VII. pp. 202-204 and 141-142 D. E. Society's Edition. yāska a reputed ancient Niruktakara or etymologist, of the 6th century B.C. or even a few centuries before that, whose work, the Nirukta, is looked upon as the oldest authoritative treatise regarding derivation of Vedic words. Yaska was preceded by a number of etymologists whom he has mentioned in his work and whose works he has utilisedition Yaska's Nirukta threw into the back-ground the older treatises on etymology, all of which disappeared gradually in the course of time. vārṣyāyaṇi an ancient grammarian quoted in the Mahabhasya and the Nirukta in connection with the six-fold division of bhava or verbal activity; confer, compare षड् भावविकारा भवन्तीति वाप्यार्यणि: l जायते अस्ति विपरिणमते वर्धते अपक्षीयते विनश्यतीति Nirukta of Yāska. I. 3. vicikitsārthīya the indeclinable नूनम् called विचिकित्साथीर्य in the Nirukta; the word विचिकित्सा is explained as confirmation after deliberation by Durgacarya. cf भाषायाम् । उभयमन्वध्यायम् | विचिकित्सार्थीयश्च पदपूरणश्च । नूनमिति विचिकित्साथींय: Nirukta of Yāska. I.5. vyutpatti derivation of a word from a root which formed a special feature of the Nairukta school of Vedic scholars in ancient times; the word निर्वचन is used in the same sense: confer, compare सति संभवे व्युत्पत्तिरन्यथा कर्तव्या रूढेरनियमात् Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. on P.V. 2.93. śabda literally "sound" in general; confer, compare शब्दं कुरु शब्दं मा कार्षीः | ध्वनिं कुर्वनेवमुच्यते | M.Bh. in Ahnika I; confer, compare also शब्दः प्रकृतिः सर्ववर्णानाम् | वर्णपृक्तः: शब्दो वाच उत्पत्तिः Taittirīya Prātiśākhya. XXIII.1, XXIII.3.In grammar the word शब्द is applied to such words only as possess sense; confer, compare प्रतीतपदार्थको लोके ध्वनि: शब्द: Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). in Ahnika 1: confer, compare also येनोच्चरितेन अर्थः प्रतीयते स शब्दः Sringara Prakasa I; confer, compare also अथ शब्दानुशासनम् M.Bh. Ahnika 1. In the Vajasaneyi-Pratisakhya, शब्द् is said to be constituted of air as far as its nature is concerned, but it is taken to mean in the Pratisakhya and grammar works in a restricted sense as letters possessed of sense, The vajasaneyiPratisakhya gives four kinds of words तिडू, कृत्, तद्धित and समास while नाम, आख्यात, निपात and उपसर्ग are described to be the four kinds in the Nirukta. As शब्द in grammar, is restricted to a phonetic unit possessed of sense, it can be applied to crude bases, affixes, as also to words that are completely formed with case-endings or personal affixes. In fact, taking it to be applicable to all such kinds, some grammarians have given tweive subdivisions of शब्द, vizप्रक्रुति, प्रत्यय,उपत्कार, उपपद, प्रातिपदिक, विभक्ति, उपसर्जन, समास, पद, वाक्य, प्रकरण and प्रबन्ध; confer, compare Sringara Prakasa I. śākaṭāyana (1) name of an ancient reputed scholar of Grammar and Pratisakhyas who is quoted by Panini. He is despisingly referred to by Patanjali as a traitor grammarian sympathizing with the Nairuktas or etymologists in holding the view that all substantives are derivable and can be derived from roots; cf तत्र नामान्याख्यातजानीति शाकटायनो नैरुक्तसमयश्च Nir.I.12: cf also नाम च धातुजमाह निरुक्ते व्याकरणे शकटस्य च तोकम् M. Bh on P.III.3.1. Sakatayana is believed to have been the author of the Unadisutrapatha as also of the RkTantra Pratisakhya of the Samaveda ; (2) name of a Jain grammarian named पाल्यकीर्ति शाकटायन who lived in the ninth century during the reign of the Rastrakuta king Amoghavarsa and wrote the Sabdanusana which is much similar to the Sutrapatha of Panini and introduced a new System of Grammar. His work named the Sabdanusasana consists of four chapters which are arranged in the form of topics, which are named सिद्धि. The grammar work is called शब्दानुशासन. śākapūṇi an ancient writer of Nirukta who is quoted by Yaska; confer, compare विद्युत् तडिद्भवतीति शाकपूणि; Nirukta of Yāska. III. 11, or मानेन अन्यत् जहातीति महानिति शाकपूणिः Nirukta of Yāska. III. 13 or ऋत्विक्कस्मात् । ईरणः । ऋग्यष्टा भवतीति शाकपूणिः Nir.III.19 sāmānya literally resemblance in any one or many respects. In the Nirukta the word is used in the sense of resemblance between the word to be derived, and any form of a root; the term refers there to grammatical resemblance and may therefore mean grammatical consideration in general; confer, compare अविद्यमाने सामान्येप्यक्षरवर्णसामान्य त् निर्ब्रूयात् Nir.II.1.
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ruk mental distress SB 1.14.44 ruk ma (covered with) gold SB 10.70.7-9 ruk ma gold SB 10.69.13 SB 10.75.11 SB 10.82.9 SB 3.8.24 ruk ma golden SB 10.75.18 SB 10.81.29-32 SB 3.33.16 SB 4.9.61 SB 9.10.35-38 ruk ma of gold SB 10.45.27 SB 10.57.38-39 ruk ma reddish SB 3.14.25 ruk ma Rukma SB 9.23.34 ruk ma-bhūṣite being decorated with golden ornaments SB 4.9.41 ruk ma-bhūṣite being decorated with golden ornaments SB 4.9.41 ruk ma-keśaḥ ruk ma-mālī Rukmakeśa and Rukmamālī SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-keśaḥ ruk ma-mālī Rukmakeśa and Rukmamālī SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-keśaḥ ruk ma-mālī Rukmakeśa and Rukmamālī SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-keśaḥ ruk ma-mālī Rukmakeśa and Rukmamālī SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-mālinīḥ and with garlands of gold SB 10.7.16 ruk ma-mālinīḥ and with garlands of gold SB 10.7.16 ruk ma-paṭṭa possessing plates made of gold SB 8.15.15 ruk ma-paṭṭa possessing plates made of gold SB 8.15.15 ruk ma-rathaḥ ruk mabāhuḥ Rukmaratha and Rukmabāhu SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-rathaḥ ruk mabāhuḥ Rukmaratha and Rukmabāhu SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-rathaḥ ruk mabāhuḥ Rukmaratha and Rukmabāhu SB 10.52.22 ruk ma-viṣāṇīnām whose horns were covered with gold plate SB 9.4.33-35 ruk ma-viṣāṇīnām whose horns were covered with gold plate SB 9.4.33-35 ruk mavatyām in Rukmavatī SB 10.61.18 ruk meṣu Rukmeṣu SB 9.23.34 ruk mī Rukmī SB 10.52.22 SB 10.52.25 SB 10.54.18 SB 10.54.19-20 SB 10.60.18 SB 10.61.20 SB 10.61.23 SB 10.61.25 SB 10.61.27-28 SB 10.61.29 SB 10.61.30 ruk mī Rukmī SB 10.61.30 SB 10.61.32 SB 10.61.33 ruk mi-mukhyāḥ the brother of Rukmiṇī, the first queen of Kṛṣṇa at Dvārakā SB 2.7.34-35 ruk mi-mukhyāḥ the brother of Rukmiṇī, the first queen of Kṛṣṇa at Dvārakā SB 2.7.34-35 ruk miṇā by Rukmī SB 10.53.2 SB 10.61.36 ruk miṇaḥ of Rukmī SB 10.61.18 SB 10.90.37 ruk miṇaḥ of Rukmī (the oldest brother of Rukmiṇī) SB 10.90.36 ruk miṇam Rukmī SB 10.54.26 SB 10.54.31 SB 10.54.36 ruk miṇam to Rukmī SB 10.61.27-28 ruk miṇī of Rukmiṇī CC Adi 17.241 MM 30 ruk miṇi Rukmī SB 10.61.39 ruk miṇī Rukmiṇī SB 10.52.22 SB 10.53.37 SB 10.55.38 SB 10.61.26 ruk miṇī Śrīmatī Rukmiṇī SB 10.54.32 ruk miṇī the wife of Kṛṣṇa named Rukmiṇī SB 3.1.28 ruk miṇī-ādi headed by Rukmiṇī CC Adi 6.72 ruk miṇī-ādi headed by Rukmiṇī CC Adi 6.72 ruk miṇī-ādira of the queens, headed by Rukmiṇī CC Madhya 24.51 ruk miṇī-ādira of the queens, headed by Rukmiṇī CC Madhya 24.51 ruk miṇī-ādyāḥ led by Queen Rukmiṇī SB 11.31.20 ruk miṇī-ādyāḥ led by Queen Rukmiṇī SB 11.31.20 ruk miṇī-balayoḥ of Rukmiṇī and Balarāma SB 10.61.39 ruk miṇī-balayoḥ of Rukmiṇī and Balarāma SB 10.61.39 ruk miṇī-devīra of Rukmiṇīdevī CC Antya 7.144 ruk miṇī-devīra of Rukmiṇīdevī CC Antya 7.144 ruk miṇī-pramukhāḥ headed by Rukmiṇī SB 10.90.30 ruk miṇī-pramukhāḥ headed by Rukmiṇī SB 10.90.30 ruk miṇī-sutaḥ son of Rukmiṇī SB 10.90.35 ruk miṇī-sutaḥ son of Rukmiṇī SB 10.90.35 ruk miṇī-sutaḥ the son of Rukmiṇī (Pradyumna) SB 10.76.17 ruk miṇī-sutaḥ the son of Rukmiṇī (Pradyumna) SB 10.76.17 SB 10.77.2 ruk miṇī-sutaḥ the son of Rukmiṇī (Pradyumna) SB 10.77.2 ruk miṇī-udvāhe to Rukmiṇī's wedding SB 10.76.2 ruk miṇī-udvāhe to Rukmiṇī's wedding SB 10.76.2 ruk miṇīm Rukmiṇī SB 10.54.19-20 SB 10.71.41-42 ruk miṇīm Śrīmatī Rukmiṇī-devī SB 10.52.18 ruk miṇīra of Queen Rukmiṇī CC Madhya 5.27 ruk miṇīra of Rukmiṇī CC Madhya 19.201 ruk miṇīra mane in the mind of Rukmiṇīdevī CC Antya 7.147 ruk miṇīra mane in the mind of Rukmiṇīdevī CC Antya 7.147 ruk miṇīre unto Rukmiṇī, the first queen CC Madhya 19.201 ruk miṇyā with Rukmiṇī SB 10.54.60 ruk miṇyāḥ of Rukmiṇī SB 10.53.4 SB 10.54.59 SB 10.61.24 SB 12.12.38 ruk miṇyām in Rukmiṇī SB 10.61.8-9 ruk ṣāḥ harsh SB 10.68.39 sruk -sruva-ādi-upalakṣaṇaḥ decorated with the sacrificial spoon, ladle and so on CC Madhya 20.333 dāruk a-jaitra-ādīn headed by Dāruka and Jaitra SB 10.71.12 kuruk ṣetre āilāńa I have come to Kurukṣetra CC Antya 14.34 anāruruk ṣave who was unwilling to climb up CC Madhya 18.25 uruk rama-ańghrim the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is famous for performing uncommon activities SB 7.5.32 uruk rama-ańghrim the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is credited with uncommon activities CC Madhya 22.53 uruk rama-ańghrim the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is credited with uncommon activities CC Madhya 25.85 aniruk ta inconceivable SB 6.4.27-28 aniruk tam indescribable SB 8.5.26 aniruk te who is beyond the mind and speech SB 5.19.20 āruruk ṣamāṇaḥ desiring to ascend SB 5.14.18 āruruk ṣantam trying to get on SB 4.8.9 āruruk ṣantam trying to rise onto it SB 4.8.67 āruruk ṣanti persons who desire to come to the upper planetary systems SB 8.11.5 āruruk ṣatīm who was ready to mount SB 10.53.51-55 āruruk ṣet can aspire to attain SB 4.12.43 āruruk ṣoḥ who has just begun yoga BG 6.3 āruruk ṣoḥ of a person desiring to rise to the platform of yogic perfection CC Madhya 24.159 yoga-āruruk ṣu persons desiring elevation to the platform of yogic perfection CC Madhya 24.158 āruruk ṣuḥ one who aspires to reach SB 3.31.39 āruruk ṣuḥ one desiring to climb SB 5.13.8 ātma-dhruk envious of himself SB 4.23.28 dāruk a-ātmajaḥ the son of Dāruka (Lord Kṛṣṇa's driver) SB 10.76.27 uruk rama-ātmanaḥ of he (Prahlāda Mahārāja) whose mind is always engaged upon the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who always acts uncommonly SB 7.11.1 bharuk aḥ by the name Bharuka SB 9.8.2 bhruk uṭī-mukha due to His frowning face SB 7.8.19-22 bhruk uṭī frowning brows SB 7.9.15 tila-go-bhūmi-ruk maiḥ along with grains, cows, land and gold SB 1.13.31 bhūta-dhruk he who harms others SB 6.18.25 bhūta-dhruk a person who does not accept the śāstric injunctions and is unnecessarily envious of other living entities SB 10.10.10 brahma-dhruk the ultimate truth in Brahman SB 2.7.22 brahma-dhruk unworthy to be a brāhmaṇa SB 4.4.30 brahma-dhruk the killer of a brāhmaṇa SB 5.26.14 ḍamaruk a small drum SB 12.10.11-13 dāruk a-sārathiḥ whose chariot driver was Dāruka SB 10.50.16 dāruk a O Dāruka SB 10.53.4 dāruk a-jaitra-ādīn headed by Dāruka and Jaitra SB 10.71.12 dāruk a-ātmajaḥ the son of Dāruka (Lord Kṛṣṇa's driver) SB 10.76.27 dāruk aḥ Dāruka SB 10.77.11 dāruk aḥ Dāruka (Lord Kṛṣṇa's chariot driver) SB 10.83.33 dāruk aḥ Dāruka, the chariot driver of Lord Kṛṣṇa SB 11.30.41 dāruk aḥ Dāruka SB 11.31.15 dāruk aḥ Dāruka, the Lord's chariot driver CC Adi 4.202 dāruk am to Dāruka, His chariot driver SB 10.77.9 dāruk eṇa by Dāruka SB 10.86.17 devī ruk miṇī the divine Rukmiṇī SB 10.56.34 turuk a-dhārī Turkish Muslim soldiers CC Madhya 18.27 dhruk rebellious SB 1.8.43 brahma-dhruk the ultimate truth in Brahman SB 2.7.22 brahma-dhruk unworthy to be a brāhmaṇa SB 4.4.30 yajña-dhruk creating a disturbance in the performance of the sacrifice SB 4.19.36 ātma-dhruk envious of himself SB 4.23.28 brahma-dhruk the killer of a brāhmaṇa SB 5.26.14 mitra-dhruk one who turns against a friend or relative SB 6.2.9-10 bhūta-dhruk he who harms others SB 6.18.25 bhūta-dhruk a person who does not accept the śāstric injunctions and is unnecessarily envious of other living entities SB 10.10.10 dhruk the opponent SB 10.14.40 dhruk causing harm SB 10.44.47 dhruk who have committed violence SB 10.78.5 dhruk an enemy SB 12.2.41 dhruk rebellious SB 12.11.25 duruk ta by the abusive words SB 3.18.6 duruk taiḥ with harsh words SB 3.4.1 duruk taiḥ by abusive words SB 3.18.9 duruk taiḥ by unkind words SB 4.6.6 duruk taiḥ harsh words SB 4.6.47 duruk taiḥ and by bad words SB 5.5.30 duruk taiḥ by harsh words SB 7.8.14 duruk taiḥ by insulting words SB 11.23.2 duruk tam the harsh words SB 10.79.28 duruk tau in Durukti SB 4.8.4 duruk ti unkind words SB 4.7.15 duruk ti harsh words SB 4.8.14 duruk tibhiḥ by harsh words SB 4.3.19 duruk tiḥ Harsh Speech SB 4.8.3 ghana-ruk of black color SB 4.5.3 tila-go-bhūmi-ruk maiḥ along with grains, cows, land and gold SB 1.13.31 śikṣā-guruk e the spiritual master who instructs CC Adi 1.47 guruk e to the spiritual master CC Madhya 24.264 guruk e kahe said to his spiritual master CC Antya 8.20 sruk -hastān with the sacrificial ladle in hand SB 4.19.29 dāruk a-jaitra-ādīn headed by Dāruka and Jaitra SB 10.71.12 guruk e kahe said to his spiritual master CC Antya 8.20 karuk a let him do CC Madhya 16.176 tāra karuk a vyaya let him spend that CC Antya 9.33 karuk a let him do CC Antya 12.38 karuk a let her do CC Antya 14.26 kuruk a let him do CC Antya 9.33 kuruk ṣetra-patiḥ the King of Kurukṣetra SB 9.22.3 kuruk ṣetra to the pilgrimage site known as Kurukṣetra CC Madhya 2.53 kuruk ṣetram the place where the battle was fought SB 1.10.34-35 kuruk ṣetram the Battle of Kurukṣetra SB 3.3.12 kuruk ṣetram a particular sacred place (dharma-kṣetra) SB 7.14.30-33 kuruk ṣetre at the place known as Kurukṣetra SB 9.14.33 kuruk ṣetre in Kurukṣetra CC Antya 14.34 kuruk ṣetre āilāńa I have come to Kurukṣetra CC Antya 14.34 maruk a let them die CC Antya 12.20 maruk a let die CC Antya 12.23 mitra-dhruk one who turns against a friend or relative SB 6.2.9-10 bhruk uṭī-mukha due to His frowning face SB 7.8.19-22 niruk ta comprising the essential understanding presented in the Nirukta SB 11.6.11 niruk taḥ described SB 12.11.24 niruk tam falsely described SB 5.12.9 niruk tam expressed SB 6.4.29 niruk tam everything manifested SB 7.9.48 niruk tam decided SB 7.14.34 sa-niruk tām along with a glossary explaining obscure terms SB 12.6.58 niruk tyā by example SB 5.11.3 uruk rama-pāda-śaucam the water washed from the feet of the personality of Godhead SB 2.7.18 uruk rama-parigraham the wives of the all-powerful SB 1.15.20 kuruk ṣetra-patiḥ the King of Kurukṣetra SB 9.22.3 pauruk utsaḥ the son of Purukutsa SB 9.7.4 uruk rama-priyaḥ Dhruva Mahārāja, who was very dear to the Lord SB 4.12.28 punaruk ti repetition CC Madhya 4.6 punaruk ti repetition CC Madhya 16.213 su-puruk ha of a beautiful person CC Madhya 8.194 puruk utsam Purukutsa SB 9.6.38 puruk utsāya unto Purukutsa SB 9.7.2 ghana-ruk of black color SB 4.5.3 śukhā-ruk hā not very luxurious CC Madhya 3.39 tila-go-bhūmi-ruk maiḥ along with grains, cows, land and gold SB 1.13.31 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.52.37 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.54.33 devī ruk miṇī the divine Rukmiṇī SB 10.56.34 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.60.34 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.83.8 sa-niruk tām along with a glossary explaining obscure terms SB 12.6.58 uruk rama-śabde by the word urukrama CC Madhya 24.19 uruk rama-śabdera of the word urukrama CC Madhya 24.23 sphuruk a sakala let it be manifested CC Madhya 23.123 dāruk a-sārathiḥ whose chariot driver was Dāruka SB 10.50.16 uruk rama-pāda-śaucam the water washed from the feet of the personality of Godhead SB 2.7.18 se turuk that Turk CC Antya 6.19 śikṣā-guruk e the spiritual master who instructs CC Adi 1.47 sphuruk a sakala let it be manifested CC Madhya 23.123 sphuruk a tomāre let it be manifested to you properly CC Madhya 23.124 sphuruk a tomāre let them be awakened in you CC Madhya 25.108 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.52.37 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.54.33 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.60.34 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.83.8 sruk -hastān with the sacrificial ladle in hand SB 4.19.29 sruk -sruva-ādi-upalakṣaṇaḥ decorated with the sacrificial spoon, ladle and so on CC Madhya 20.333 sruk -sruva-ādi-upalakṣaṇaḥ decorated with the sacrificial spoon, ladle and so on CC Madhya 20.333 su-puruk ha of a beautiful person CC Madhya 8.194 śukhā-ruk hā not very luxurious CC Madhya 3.39 tāra karuk a vyaya let him spend that CC Antya 9.33 tila-go-bhūmi-ruk maiḥ along with grains, cows, land and gold SB 1.13.31 sphuruk a tomāre let it be manifested to you properly CC Madhya 23.124 sphuruk a tomāre let them be awakened in you CC Madhya 25.108 se turuk that Turk CC Antya 6.19 turuk a-dhārī Turkish Muslim soldiers CC Madhya 18.27 sruk -sruva-ādi-upalakṣaṇaḥ decorated with the sacrificial spoon, ladle and so on CC Madhya 20.333 uruk rama-parigraham the wives of the all-powerful SB 1.15.20 uruk rama the Lord, who acts marvelously SB 2.3.20 uruk rama-pāda-śaucam the water washed from the feet of the personality of Godhead SB 2.7.18 uruk rama O great actor SB 3.9.8 uruk rama-priyaḥ Dhruva Mahārāja, who was very dear to the Lord SB 4.12.28 uruk rama-ańghrim the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is famous for performing uncommon activities SB 7.5.32 uruk rama-ātmanaḥ of he (Prahlāda Mahārāja) whose mind is always engaged upon the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who always acts uncommonly SB 7.11.1 uruk rama whose activities are very glorious SB 8.17.25 uruk rama of Lord Vāmanadeva, Lord Kṛṣṇa's dwarf incarnation, who covered the entire universe in three mighty steps SB 10.30.10 uruk rama of Lord Kṛṣṇa SB 10.44.15 uruk rama O You who perform transcendental feats SB 10.60.35 uruk rama-ańghrim the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is credited with uncommon activities CC Madhya 22.53 uruk rama-śabde by the word urukrama CC Madhya 24.19 uruk rama-śabdera of the word urukrama CC Madhya 24.23 uruk rama-ańghrim the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is credited with uncommon activities CC Madhya 25.85 uruk ramaḥ the all-powerful Lord SB 1.3.13 uruk ramaḥ the supreme powerful SB 3.6.2 uruk ramaḥ Urukrama SB 6.6.38-39 uruk ramaḥ the Lord, whose every action is uncommon SB 7.8.8 uruk ramaḥ who is prominent by His wonderful activities SB 8.20.32-33 uruk ramaḥ Lord Urukrama SB 10.6.21 uruk ramaḥ Lord Kṛṣṇa SB 10.42.17 uruk ramasya of the one who performs supernatural activities (God) SB 1.5.13 uruk ramasya of the great adventurer SB 1.11.2 uruk ramasya of Lord Viṣṇu (far-stepping) SB 3.23.8 uruk ramasya of Urukrama SB 6.18.8 uruk ramasya of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who was acting wonderfully SB 8.20.24 uruk ramasya of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who performs uncommon activities SB 8.20.34 uruk ramasya of Lord Viṣṇu SB 8.21.4 uruk ramasya of the Supreme Personality of Godhead SB 8.23.28 uruk rame unto the great adventurer SB 1.7.10 uruk rame unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose actions are uncommon SB 4.9.1 uruk rame unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, whose activities are wonderful CC Madhya 6.186 uruk rame unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, whose activities are wonderful CC Madhya 17.140 uruk rame unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, whose activities are wonderful CC Madhya 24.5 uruk rame unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who acts uncommonly CC Madhya 24.163 uruk rame unto the most powerful CC Madhya 24.305 uruk rame unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, whose activities are wonderful CC Madhya 25.159 ūruk riyaḥ Ūrukriya SB 9.12.10 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.52.37 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.54.33 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.60.34 śrī-ruk miṇī uvāca Śrī Rukmiṇī said SB 10.83.8 tāra karuk a vyaya let him spend that CC Antya 9.33 yajña-dhruk creating a disturbance in the performance of the sacrifice SB 4.19.36 yoga-āruruk ṣu persons desiring elevation to the platform of yogic perfection CC Madhya 24.158
DCS with thanks
127 results
ruk noun (masculine) [gramm.] augment rukFrequency rank 63694/72933 ruk ma noun (masculine) Rukmin, son of Bhīṣmaka
an ornament of gold (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
golden chain or disk (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
Mesua Roxburghii (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of Rucaka (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the thorn-apple (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 17160/72933 ruk ma noun (neuter) svarṇamākṣika
a kind of collyrium (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
gold (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
iron (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the Nāgakesara flowerFrequency rank 2722/72933 ruk maka noun (neuter) goldFrequency rank 63697/72933 ruk maka noun (masculine) name of a son of king Bhīṣmaka; RukminFrequency rank 63696/72933 ruk makavaca noun (masculine) name of a grandson of Uśanas and son of Kambalabarhis (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 16054/72933 ruk mamākṣika noun (neuter) a kind of mineralFrequency rank 38765/72933 ruk mamālin noun (masculine) name of a son of Bhīṣmaka (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 63698/72933 ruk maratha noun (masculine) name of Droṇa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of various men (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the chariot of Rukmaratha i.e. of Droṇa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 10483/72933 ruk mavant noun (masculine) name of the eldest son of Bhīshmaka (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 63699/72933 ruk mavāhana noun (masculine) name of Droṇa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 38766/72933 ruk meṣu noun (masculine) name of a king and son of Parājit or Parāvṛt [Li.pur.] (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 25207/72933 ruk mi noun (masculine) Frequency rank 38764/72933 ruk min noun (masculine) name of a mountain (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of the eldest son of Bhīshmaka and adversary of Kṛṣṇa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 13719/72933 ruk miṇinandana noun (masculine) name of Pradyumna (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 29921/72933 ruk miṇī noun (feminine) a species of plant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a daughter of Bhīṣmaka and sister of Rukmin (Rukmaka) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Dākṣāyaṇī in Dvāravatī (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of various other women (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 5937/72933 ruk miṇītīrtha noun (neuter) name of a Tīrtha (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 38767/72933 ruk miṇītīrthamāhātmyavarṇana noun (neuter) name of Skandapurāṇa, Revākhaṇḍa, 142Frequency rank 63700/72933 ruk māṅgada noun (masculine) name of various men (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 22131/72933 ruk pratikriyā noun (feminine) counteraction or treatment of disease curing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
remedying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 63695/72933 aguruk a noun (masculine) aguruFrequency rank 41658/72933 atipaunaruk tya noun (neuter) excessive repititionFrequency rank 42121/72933 aniruk ta adjective not articulated (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
not explained (because of being clear by itself) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
unspeakable (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
unuttered (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 22969/72933 apunaruk ta adjective not (uselessly) repeatedFrequency rank 13317/72933 apunaruk ta noun (neuter) no (superfluous) repetition (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 32175/72933 abhīruk a adjective fearless (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 44432/72933 ardhoruk a noun (neuter) a short petticoat (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 32568/72933 aśruk arman noun (neuter) shedding tears (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 45657/72933 asnigdhadāruk a noun (masculine) a kind of pine tree (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 46032/72933 āruk a noun (neuter) the fruit of a medicinal plant growing on the Himālaya mountains (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 14739/72933 āruk a adjective hurting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
injuring (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 46608/72933 āruruk ṣ verb to wish to ascendFrequency rank 33157/72933 āruruk ṣu adjective desirous to rise or ascend or advance (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 16556/72933 unduruk a noun (masculine) a mouse (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a rat (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 33460/72933 unduruk arṇikā noun (feminine) Salvinia cucullata Roxb.Frequency rank 27159/72933 uruk ālaka noun (masculine) the creeper Cucumis Colocynthis (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 47799/72933 uruk rama noun (masculine) (Viṣṇu's) wide stride (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Viṣṇu (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Śiva (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 15580/72933 uruk rama adjective far-stepping (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making wide strides (said of Viṣṇu) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 33594/72933 uruk ṣaya noun (masculine) name of a king (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of MahāvīryaFrequency rank 27233/72933 uruk ṣava noun (masculine) name of a son of Āhārya
the descendants of UrukṣavaFrequency rank 33595/72933 urvāruk a noun (masculine neuter) Cucumis Usitatissimus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 20968/72933 ervāruk a noun (masculine neuter) Cucumis Utilissimus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 12423/72933 kakeruk a noun (masculine) a kind of worm in the stomach (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 23581/72933 kadruk ā noun (feminine) Frequency rank 48461/72933 karkāruk a noun (neuter) fruit of Beninkasa Cerifera (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 48717/72933 karkāruk a noun (masculine) Beninkasa Cerifera (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 27414/72933 kaśeruk a noun (masculine neuter) name of a Dvīpa
the root of Scirpus Kysoor (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 10060/72933 kaseruk ā noun (masculine feminine) Frequency rank 12441/72933 kāruk ā noun (masculine feminine) artificer (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of VijayaFrequency rank 14816/72933 kundaruk ī noun (feminine) a kind of plantFrequency rank 49670/72933 kunduruk a noun (masculine) Olibanum (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 16692/72933 kunduruk ī noun (feminine) Boswellia thurifera (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 34129/72933 kuruk ullā noun (feminine) name of a Buddhist deity (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 49765/72933 kuruk ṣetra noun (masculine) name of a peopleFrequency rank 49766/72933 kuruk ṣetra noun (neuter) name of an extensive plain near Delhi; the scene of the great battles between the Kurus and a famous place of pilgrimage (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the inhabitants of that country (renowned for their bravery) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 3163/72933 kroḍakaseruk a noun (masculine) Cyperus rotundus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 50388/72933 khuruk hurāy verb (denominative ātmanepada) Frequency rank 50912/72933 gaḍūruk a noun (masculine) a kind of bird (a quail?)Frequency rank 50984/72933 gāṅgeruk a noun (neuter) the grain of ūkī (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 23872/72933 gāṅgeruk ī noun (feminine) the plant Uraria lagopodioides (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 17865/72933 guruk a adjective (in prosody) long (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a little heavy (said of limbs slightly affected with sickness) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 27853/72933 grāmeruk a noun (neuter) (a substance)Frequency rank 51742/72933 caruk ā noun (feminine) name of a riverFrequency rank 34918/72933 caruk eśvara noun (neuter) name of a TīrthaFrequency rank 34919/72933 cāruk eśī noun (feminine) name of an ApsarasFrequency rank 52240/72933 cāruk esarā noun (feminine) a kind of Cyperus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
another plant (taruṇī) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 34952/72933 cāruk aila noun (neuter) pāṃśulavaṇaFrequency rank 52241/72933 cīruk ā noun (feminine) Frequency rank 52404/72933 jatruk a noun (neuter) the collar-bone (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 52646/72933 ḍamaruk a noun (masculine) the drum called ḍamaru
a kind of alchemical apparatusFrequency rank 8783/72933 ḍāmaruk a noun (neuter) ḍamaruFrequency rank 53179/72933 tsāruk a adjective skilful in handling a sword (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 54113/72933 dāruk a noun (neuter) Pinus Devadaru (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 54369/72933 dāruk i noun (masculine) name of Pradyumna's charioteer (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 28335/72933 dāruk a noun (masculine) name of an incarnation of Śiva (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Kṛṣṇa's charioteer (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 5615/72933 dāruk aṇṭaka noun (masculine) rītikāFrequency rank 54370/72933 dāruk atīrthamāhātmyavarṇana noun (neuter) name of SkPur, Revākhaṇḍa 36Frequency rank 54371/72933 dāruk adalī noun (feminine) a kind of wild plantain (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 54372/72933 dāruk eśvaratīrtha noun (neuter) name of a Tirtha (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 35632/72933 duruk ta adjective harsh (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
harshly addressed (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
injurious (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 28389/72933 duruk ta noun (neuter) bad or harsh word (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 12070/72933 devadāruk a noun (masculine) Pinus DevadāruFrequency rank 35824/72933 druk āla noun (masculine) a kind of treeFrequency rank 55137/72933 druk ilima noun (neuter) Pinus Deodora (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 28487/72933 dviruk ta noun (neuter) repetition (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 35939/72933 niruk ti noun (feminine) (in dram.) communication of an event that has taken place (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
(in rhet.) an artificial explanation or derivation of a word (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
etymological interpretation of a word (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 18066/72933 niruk ta noun (neuter) explanation or etymological interpretation of a word (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of several wks (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 6514/72933 niruk taga noun (masculine) name of Brahmā (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 36291/72933 nairuk ta adjective based on etymology (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
explained etymologically (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
relating to the Nirukta (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 56779/72933 piruk a noun (neuter) a kind of ??Frequency rank 58043/72933 punaruk ti noun (feminine) Frequency rank 29049/72933 punaruk ta noun (neuter) tautology (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
useless repetition (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 8643/72933 puruk utsa noun (masculine) name of a descendant of Ikṣvāku (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a man (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of Māndhātṛ (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of another man (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 13633/72933 puruk ṛtsara noun (masculine) name of a man (?)Frequency rank 58216/72933 pṛthuruk ma noun (masculine) name of a son of Parājit (or Parāvṛt) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 21765/72933 paunaruk tya noun (neuter) Frequency rank 16995/72933 pauruk utsa noun (masculine) name of a kingFrequency rank 58486/72933 praśuśruk a noun (masculine) name of a prince (a son of Maru) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 24766/72933 bālabhīruk a noun (masculine) a kind of plantFrequency rank 60187/72933 bhadradāruk a noun (neuter) Frequency rank 72877/72933 bhāruk accha noun (masculine) name of a peopleFrequency rank 60680/72933 bhīruk a noun (masculine) a bear (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a kind of sugar-cane (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
an owl (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a man (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 37826/72933 bhīruk a adjective afraid of (comp.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
fearful (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
formidable (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
shy (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
timorous (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 24910/72933 bhruk uṭi noun (feminine) contraction of the browsFrequency rank 7596/72933 bhruk uṃsa noun (masculine) a male actor in female attireFrequency rank 61069/72933 makeruk a noun (masculine) a kind of parasitical worm (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 24945/72933 macakruk a noun (masculine) name of a Yakṣa and of a sacred spot guarded by him near the entrance to Kurukṣetra (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 37947/72933 madhuraśigruk a noun (masculine) a kind of plantFrequency rank 61367/72933 madhuśigruk a noun (masculine) Moringa Pterygosperma (Rubriflora) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 24970/72933 māruk a adjective dying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
perishing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 62101/72933 mṛgervāruk a noun (masculine) a kind of animalFrequency rank 62438/72933 rājakaśeruk a noun (masculine neuter) a kind of plantFrequency rank 25192/72933 ruruk a noun (masculine) name of a king [son of Vijaya] (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 38786/72933 rūpyaśatruk a noun (masculine) a kind of metalFrequency rank 63964/72933 varuk a noun (masculine) a species of inferior grain (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 25294/72933 vīrāruk a noun (neuter) a medicinal plant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 66379/72933 vṛddhadāruk a noun (masculine) Argyreia speciosa Sweet.
a kind of plantFrequency rank 15230/72933 śatruk aṇṭaka noun (masculine) a kind of jujubeFrequency rank 67193/72933 śigruk a noun (masculine feminine neuter) śigru (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
any potherbFrequency rank 9963/72933 śītabhīruk a noun (masculine) a kind of rice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 40064/72933 śmaśruk arman noun (neuter) shaving (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 22444/72933 sucāruk a noun (masculine) name of a son of KṛṣṇaFrequency rank 70778/72933 suradāruk a noun (neuter) Pinus deodoraFrequency rank 71103/72933 surabhidāruk a noun (masculine) Pinus Longifolia (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 71127/72933 snigdhadāruk a noun (neuter) Pinus DeodoraFrequency rank 71861/72933 hiruk indeclinable amongst (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
apart (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
aside (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
away (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
below (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
in the midst of (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
near (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
off (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
out of sight of (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
without (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 72611/72933 hrasvaśigruk a noun (masculine) a species of Moringa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 72776/72933
Ayurvedic Medical Dictionary Dr. Potturu with thanks
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āruk a
1. hurting, injuring; 2. yak; 3. peach fruit, Prunus persica.
bhāruk a
women whose child dies on the seventh day after delivery.
ḍamaruyantra,ḍamaruk ayantra
hour-glass apparatus used in medicinal alchemy; two small drums or earthen pots joined at mouths.
gaṅgeruk i
Plant carray cheddie, Canthium parviflorum.
kāruk a
Go to karmaraṅga
kruk āṭika
a lethal point on the nape of neck.
niruk ti
syntactical derivation, etymology (one of the vedāngas)
śiroruk a
headache.
vedāṅga
vedic auxiliary disciplines; phonetics (śikṣa), ritual (kalpa), grammar (vyākaraṇa), etymology (nirukti), meter (chandas) and astrology (jyotiṣa).
Wordnet Search
"ruk" has 74 results.
ruk
kuvacanam, duruk tiḥ, apaśabdaḥ, durālāpaḥ
kutsitaṃ vacanam।
kuvacanasya prayogaṃ na kartavyam।
ruk
pṛṣṭhāsthimān, pṛṣṭhavaṃśaviśiṣṭaḥ, kaśeruk ī, merudaṇḍī
pṛṣṭhāsthidhārakaḥ prāṇī।
mānavaḥ pṛṣṭhāsthimān jantuḥ asti।
ruk
upacāraḥ, upacaryā, cikitsā, ruk pratikriyā, nigrahaḥ, vedanāniṣṭhā, kriyā, upakramaḥ, śamaḥ
rogasya dūrīkaraṇārthe kṛtā prakriyā।
asya rogasya upacāraḥ kathaṃ bhavati।
ruk
vyādhiḥ, gadaḥ, āmayaḥ, apāṭavaḥ, āmaḥ, ātaṅkaḥ, bhayaḥ, upaghātaḥ, bhaṅgaḥ, artiḥ, ruk , rujā, upatāpaḥ
śarīrādiṣu āgataḥ doṣaḥ।
śarīraṃ vyādhīnāṃ gṛham।
ruk
bhīruḥ, bhītaḥ, bhīruk aḥ, bhīruhṛdayaḥ, bhayaśīlaḥ, hariṇahṛdayaḥ, kātaraḥ, trasruḥ, dīnacetanaḥ, dīnaḥ, asāhasikaḥ, bhayāturaḥ
yaḥ bibheti।
bhīruḥ mriyate naikavāraṃ vīraḥ ekavāram।
ruk
nirāmaya, vārta, kalya, uttama, kuśala, kuśalavat, nīruja, kuśalin, kuśali, nirvyādhi, paṭu, ullāgha, laghu, agada, nirjvara, vigada, viroga, anāmaya, aruk aroga, arogin, arogya āyuṣmat, ārogyavat, nirātaṅka, ayakṣma, sahārogya, sustha, susthita
nirgataḥ āmayo yasmāt।
sarve nirāmayāḥ santu।
ruk
ulūkaḥ, ūlūkaḥ, pecakaḥ, kauśikaḥ, vāyasārātiḥ, divāndhaḥ, divābhītaḥ, niśāṭaḥ, naktañcaraḥ, niśādarśī, naktacārū, rajanīcaraḥ, kākabhīruḥ, kāvaruk aḥ, ghūkaḥ, vakranāsikā, raktanāsikaḥ
pakṣiviśeṣaḥ yaḥ niśāyām aṭati।
ulūkaḥ niśācaraḥ asti।
ruk
baladevaḥ, balabhadraḥ, saṃkarṣaṇaḥ, haladharaḥ, balaḥ, madhupriyaḥ, balarāmaḥ, tālāṅkaḥ, pralambaghnaḥ, acyutāgrajaḥ, revatīramaṇaḥ, rāmaḥ, kāmapālaḥ, halāyudhaḥ, nīlāmbaraḥ, rauhiṇeyaḥ, tālāṅkaḥ, suṣalī, halī, saṅkarṣaṇaḥ, sīrapāṇiḥ, kālindībhedanaḥ, ruk midarpaḥ, halabhṛt, hālabhṛt, saunandī, guptavaraḥ, saṃvartakaḥ, balī, musalī
kṛṣṇasya jyeṣṭhaḥ bhrātā yaḥ rohiṇyāḥ putraḥ āsīt।
balarāmaḥ śeṣanāgasya avatāraḥ asti iti manyante।
ruk
icchā, ākāṅkṣā, vāñchā, dohadaḥ, spṛhā, īhā, tṛṭ, lipsā, manorathaḥ, kāmaḥ, abhilāṣaḥ, tarṣaḥ, ruk , iṣā, śraddhā, tṛṣṇā, ruciḥ, matiḥ, dohalam, chandaḥ, iṭ
manodharmaviśeṣaḥ।
nirduḥkhatve sukhe cecchā tajjñānādeva jāyate। icchā tu tadupāye syādiṣṭopāyatvadhīryadi।।
ruk
suvarṇam, svarṇam, kanakam, hiraṇyam, hema, hāṭakam, kāñcanam, tapanīyam, śātakumbham, gāṅgeyam, bharmam, karvaram, cāmīkaram, jātarūpam, mahārajatam, ruk mam, kārtasvaram, jāmbunadam, aṣṭāpadam, śātakaumbham, karcuram, rugmam, bhadram, bhūri, piñjaram, draviṇam, gairikam, cāmpeyam, bharuḥ, candraḥ, kaladhautam, abhrakam, agnibījam, lohavaram, uddhasāruk am, sparśamaṇiprabhavam, mukhyadhātu, ujjvalam, kalyāṇam, manoharam, agnivīryam, agni, bhāskaram, piñajānam, apiñjaram, tejaḥ, dīptam, agnibham, dīptakam, maṅgalyam, saumañjakam, bhṛṅgāram, jāmbavam, āgneyam, niṣkam, agniśikham
dhātuviśeṣaḥ-pītavarṇīyaḥ dhātuḥ yaḥ alaṅkāranirmāṇe upayujyate।
suvarṇasya mūlyaṃ vardhitam।
ruk
nāgaramustā, nāgarotthā, nāgarādighanasaṃjñakā, cakrāṅkā, nādeyī, cūḍālā, piṇḍamustā, śiśirā, vṛṣadhmāṅkṣī, kaccharuhā, cāruk esarā, uccaṭā, pūrṇakoṣchasaṃjñā, kalāpinī, jaṭā
tṛṇaviśeṣaḥ yasya mūlāni kaphapittajvarātisārārucyādiṣu bheṣajarupeṇa yujyate।
vaidyena bheṣajārthe samūlaṃ nāgaramustā ānītā।
ruk
nagna, vivastra, nirvastra, anambara, avastra, udghāṭitāṅga, kākaruk a, kīśa, āśāvāsas, digambara, digvāsas
yaḥ āvaraṇaprāvaraṇavirahitaḥ asti।
nagnaḥ bālakaḥ bhūmyāṃ krīḍati।
ruk
anulāpaḥ, punaruk tiḥ
punaḥ punaḥ uktam।
kīrtane anulāpaḥ āvaśyakaḥ।
ruk
guruk ulam
jñānārjanārthe gurugṛhe vasanam।
saṅgītakṣetre adhunā api gurukulaṃ dṛśyate।
ruk
dyumat, dyutikar, dyutimat, dyotana, dyoti, dyotamāna, ujvala, kāntimat, kiraṇamaya, utprabha, ullasa, ullasita, prakāśavat, prakāśaka, prakāśamāna, prakāśat, prakāśin, citra, tejasvat, tejasvin, tejomaya, taijasa, añjimat, atiśukra, abhirucira, abhivirājita, abhiśobhita, abhīṣumat, amanda, avabhāsita, avabhāsin, ābhāsvara, ārocana, ābhāsura, iddha, utprabha, udīrṇadīdhiti, uddyota, uddyotita, kanakatālābha, kanakaprabha, kanala, kāśī, kāśīṣṇu, ketu, taijasa, dīdi, dīdivi, dīpta, dīptimat, dyotamāna, dhauta, punāna, prakhya, prabhāvat, bṛhajjyotis, bhāskara, bhāsura, bhāsvara, bhāsvat, bhāsayat, ruk mābha, rucita, rucira, rucya, ruśat, roca, rocana, rocamāna, rociṣṇu, varcasvin, vidyotamāna, viruk mat, vicakṣaṇa, virājamāna, śuklabhāsvara, śundhyu, śubhāna, śubhra, śubhri, śumbhamāna, śobha, śobhamāna, sutāra, suteja, sudīpta, sudyotman, supraketa, suprabha, suruk , suvibhāta, sphurat, hiraṇyanirṇij, hiraṇyanirṇig
yasmin dīptiḥ asti athavā yasya varṇaḥ ābhāyuktaḥ asti।
prācyadeśāt āgatena tena dūtena tat dyumat ratnaṃ rājasabhāyāṃ rājñe samarpitam।
ruk
vānaraḥ, kapiḥ, plavaṅgaḥ, plavagaḥ, śākhāmṛgaḥ, valīmukhaḥ, markaṭaḥ, kīśaḥ, vanaukāḥ, markaḥ, plavaḥ, pravaṅgaḥ, pravagaḥ, plavaṅgamaḥ, pravaṅgamaḥ, golāṅgulaḥ, kapitthāsya, dadhikṣoṇaḥ, hariḥ, tarumṛgaḥ, nagāṭanaḥ, jhampī, jhampāruk alipriyaḥ, kikhiḥ, śālāvṛkaḥ
vanyapaśuḥ yaḥ vṛkṣe vasati bhramati ca।
vālī nāma vānaraḥ rāmeṇa hataḥ।
ruk
viṣama, asama, asamāna, aślakṣṇa, ruk ṣa, rūkṣa
yasya pṛṣṭhabhāgaḥ samatalaḥ nāsti।
takṣakaḥ viṣamaṃ pṛṣṭhabhāgaṃ gharṣitvā samatalīkaroti।
ruk
darvikaḥ, camasaḥ, camasaṃ, darviḥ, darvī, dārvī, kambiḥ, khajaḥ, khajikā, pāṇikā, sruc, sruk
laghuḥ camasaḥ।
mātā darvikena bālaṃ dugdhaṃ pāyayati।
ruk
jāgaruk a
yaḥ jāgarti।
rāṣṭrasya unnatyarthe deśavāsibhiḥ jāgarukaiḥ bhavitavyam।
ruk
jhillikā, jhirī, cīlīkā, jhīruk ā, cīllī, cīrī
kīṭaviśeṣaḥ yaḥ jhirijhirī iti avyaktaśabdena śabdāyate।
jhillikāyāḥ śabdena karṇaśūlaḥ ajāyata।
ruk
jihma, vakra, tiryañc, añcita, arāla, ānata, ābhogin, kuñcita, kuṭila, kuṭilaka, kubja, kruk ta, kṣveḍa, pratikuñcita, bandhura, bandhurita, manthara, vaṅkya, vijihma, vellita
asaralaḥ vakratāpūrṇaḥ ca।
mandiraṃ prati gamyamānā paddhatiḥ jihmā asti।
ruk
ruk miṇī, īḥ, ramā, sindhujā, sāmā, calā, hīrā, caṭhcalā, vṛṣākapāyī, capalā, indirā, lakṣmīḥ, padamālayā, padmā, kamalā, śrīḥ, haripriyā
kṛṣṇasya rājñī vaidarbhaputrī ca।
rukmiṇeḥ garbhāt pradyumnaḥ jātaḥ।
ruk
nindā, nindāvākyam, ākṣepaḥ, adhikṣepaḥ, nirbhartsanā, duruk tiḥ, apavādaḥ, parivādaḥ, garhā, duṣkṛtiḥ, nindanam, avarṇaḥ, nirvvādaḥ, parīvādaḥ, upakrośaḥ, jugubhā, kutsā, garhaṇam, jugubhanam, kutsanam, apakrośaḥ, bhartsanam, avavādaḥ, dhikkriyā, garhaṇā
kasyāpi vāstavikaṃ kalpitaṃ vā doṣakathanam।
asmābhiḥ kasyāpi nindā na kartavyā।
ruk
devadāru, śakrapādapaḥ, paribhadrakaḥ, bhadradāru, druk ilimam, pītudāru, dāru, dāruk am, snigdhadāru, amaradāru, śivadāru, śāmbhavam, bhūtahāri, bhavadāru, bhadravat, indradāru, mastadāru, surabhūruhaḥ, surāvham, devakāṣṭham
vṛkṣaviśeṣaḥ- yasmāt tailaṃ prāpyate।
devadāruṇaḥ kāṣṭham dṛḍham asti।
ruk
padīnam, ūruk am, āprapadīnam
adhovastraviśeṣaḥ।
śaitye ūrṇasya padīnam sukhadāyakaṃ bhavati।
ruk
ruk ṣatā, ruk ṣatva
rukṣasya avasthā bhāvo vā।
adya tena rukṣatayā vārtā kṛtā।
ruk
ruk mī
vidarbhadeśasya rājñaḥ bhīṣmakasya jyeṣṭhaḥ putraḥ।
rukmī rukmiṇyaḥ bhrātā āsīt।
ruk
pṛśniparṇikā, pṛśniparṇī, pṛthakparṇī, citraparṇī, aṅghrivallikā, kroṣṭuvinnā, siṃhapucchī, kalaśiḥ, dhāvaniḥ, guhā, pṛṣṇiparṇī, lāṅgalī, kroṣṭupucchikā, pūrṇaparṇī, kalaśī, kroṣṭukamekhalā, dīrghā, śṛgālavṛntā, triparṇī, siṃhapucchikā, siṃhapuṣpī, dīrghapatrā, atiguhā, ghṛṣṭhilā, citraparṇikā, mahāguhā, śṛgālavinnā, dhamanī, dhāmanī, mekhalā, lāṅgūlikā, lāṅgūlī, lāṅgūlikī, pṛṣṭiparṇī, pṛṣṭaparṇī, dīrghaparṇī, aṅghriparṇī, dhāvanī, kharagandhā, kharagandhanibhā, gorakṣataṇḍulā, catuṣphalā, jhaṣā, dhāvanī, nāgabalā, mahāgandhā, mahāpattrā, mahāśākhā, mahodayā, viśvadevā, viśvedevā, hrasvagavedhukā, ghaṇṭā, ghoṇṭāphala, gorakṣataṇḍula, gāṅgeruk ī, golomikā, dyutilā, brahmaparṇī, rasālihā, śīrṇanālā, sumūlā, khagaśatruḥ, śvapuccham
auṣadhopayogī latāviśeṣaḥ।
pṛśniparṇikāyāḥ śvetavarṇayuktaṃ vartulākārarūpaṃ puṣpaṃ bhavati।
ruk
asnigdhadāruk aḥ, asnigdhadāru
devadāruvṛkṣaviśeṣaḥ।
kānane asmin asnigdhadārukāṇām ādhikyaṃ vartate।
ruk
kuruk ṣetram
dhārmikeṣu grantheṣu varṇitaṃ tad sthānaṃ yatra kauravapāṇḍavayoḥ yuddhaṃ sañjātam।
kurukṣetraṃ dehalyāḥ samīpe asti।
ruk
cāruk eśī
ekā apsarāḥ।
cārukeśīnāmikāyāḥ apsarasaḥ varṇanaṃ purāṇeṣu labhyate।
ruk
puruk utsaḥ
harivaṃśe varṇitaḥ ekaḥ sūryavaṃśī rājā।
purukutsaḥ māndhātuḥ putraḥ āsīt।
ruk
dāruk aḥ
kṛṣṇasya ekaḥ sārathiḥ।
dārukasya varṇanaṃ purāṇeṣu vartate।
ruk
ruk mamālī
bhīṣmakasya ekaḥ putraḥ।
rukmamālī śrīkṛṣṇasya patnyāḥ rukmiṇyāḥ bhrātā āsīt।
ruk
ruk mamāhuḥ
bhīṣmakasya ekaḥ putraḥ।
rukmamālī rukmamāhuḥ ca bhrātarau।
ruk
ruk marathaḥ
bhīṣmakasya ekaḥ putraḥ।
rukmarathasya varṇanaṃ purāṇeṣu vartate।
ruk
ruk marathaḥ
śalyasya ekaḥ putraḥ।
rukmarathasya varṇanaṃ purāṇeṣu vartate।
ruk
ruk masenaḥ
bhīṣmakasya ekaḥ putraḥ।
rukmasenaḥ rukmaṇyāḥ anujaḥ āsīt।
ruk
gāṅgeruk am
gāṅgerukyāḥ bījam।
gāṅgerukīṃ khādan api vānaraḥ gāṅgerukān nīcaiḥ pātayati।
ruk
punaruk ta
punaḥ uktam।
vyākhyātuḥ punaruktena kathanena mama bhramaḥ apagataḥ।
ruk
āvṛtta, punaruk ta
yaḥ punaḥ uktaḥ।
āvṛttaḥ pāṭhaḥ kaṇṭhasthībhūtaḥ।
ruk
punaruk tam
nyāyasiddhānte nigrahasthānaviśeṣaḥ।
mama punaruktasya bodhaḥ nāsti।
ruk
ruk ṣatā, ruk ṣatvam, raukṣyam, pāruṣyam
asamasya avasthā bhāvaḥ vā।
avagaṇḍānāṃ kāraṇāt vadane rukṣatā āgatā।
ruk
pharuk hābādanagaram
uttarapradeśe vartamānam ekaṃ nagaram।
ayaṃ kaviḥ pharukhābādanagarasya nivāsī।
ruk
pharuk hābādamaṇḍalam
uttarapradeśe vartamānam ekaṃ maṇḍalam।
pharukhābādamaṇḍalasya mukhyālayaḥpharukhābādanagare asti।
ruk
kuruk ṣetramaṇḍalam
bhāratasya hariyāṇārājye vartamānaṃ maṇḍalam।
kurukṣetramaṇḍalasya mukhyālayaḥ kurukṣetre asti।
ruk
kuruk ṣetram, kuruk ṣetranagaram
bhāratasya hariyāṇārājye vartamānaṃ nagaram।
mahābhāratasya yuddhaṃ kurukṣetre jātam iti manyate।
ruk
kaśeruk in
yasya kaśerukadaṇḍaḥ asti।
manuṣyaḥ kaśerukī prāṇī asti।
ruk
vānaraḥ, kapiḥ, plavaṅgaḥ, plavagaḥ, śākhāmṛgaḥ, valīmukhaḥ, markaṭaḥ, kīśaḥ, vanaukāḥ, markaḥ, plavaḥ, pravaṅgaḥ, pravagaḥ, plavaṅgamaḥ, pravaṅgamaḥ, golāṅgulaḥ, kapitthāsya, dadhikṣoṇaḥ, hariḥ, tarumṛgaḥ, nagāṭanaḥ, jhampī, jhampāruk alipriyaḥ, kikhiḥ, śālāvṛkaḥ
puṃjātiviśiṣṭavānaraḥ।
saḥ manuṣyaḥ vānaraṃ vānarīṃ ca nartayati।
ruk
praśuśruk aḥ
rāmasya pūrvajaḥ।
praśuśrukaḥ maroḥ putraḥ āsīt।
ruk
jāgaruk atā, sāvadhānatā
jāgarukasya avasthā।
janeṣu śikṣāyāḥ jāgarukatāyāḥ pracāraḥ kartavyaḥ।
ruk
ātmaghnaḥ, ātmaghātī, ātmahā, ātmaghātakaḥ, ātmatyāgī, ātmadhruk , jīvitatyāgī
svam eva hanyamānaḥ।
ātmaghnaḥ kaḥ asti iti ito'pi na jñāyate।
ruk
nāgabalā, gāṅgeruk ī, hrasvagavedhukā, gāṅgeruhī, gorakṣataṇḍulā, bhadrodanī, kharagandhā, catuḥpalā, mahodayā, mahāpatrā, mahāśākhā, mahāphalā, viśvadevā, aniṣṭā, devadaṇḍā, mahāgandhā, ghaṇṭā
auṣadhīyaḥ kṣupaviśeṣaḥ।
nāgabalā puruṣasya kāmaśaktiṃ vardhayati।
ruk
āruk am
himācale vartamānaḥ prasiddhaḥ auṣadhīviśeṣaḥ।
ārukasya upayogaḥ mūtrāvarodhasya nivāraṇe bhavati।
ruk
āśīḥ, āśāsyam, maṅgalecchā, āśīruk tiḥ, āśīrvacanam, āśīrvādaḥ
anyasya kasyāpi māṅgalyārthaṃ īśvare kṛtā prārthanā।
kadācit auṣadhasya apekṣayā āśīḥ eva adhikā prabhāvaśālinī bhavati।
ruk
puruk utsaḥ
ekaḥ puruṣaḥ ।
purukutsasya ullekhaḥ ṛgvede vartate
ruk
kuruk aḥ, ruruk aḥ
eko rājaputraḥ ।
kurukaḥ viṣṇupurāṇe ullikhitaḥ asti
ruk
kuruk ataḥ
eka: puruṣaḥ ।
kurukataḥ gargādiṣu aśatikādiṣu gaṇeṣu paṭhitaḥ asti
ruk
bhīruk aḥ
ekaḥ puruṣaḥ ।
bhīrukasya ullekhaḥ bauddhasāhitye vartate
ruk
peruk aḥ
ekaḥ puruṣaḥ ।
ṛgvede perukaḥ samullikhitaḥ/u॒ta ma॑ ṛ॒jre pura॑yasya ra॒ghvī su॑mī॒ḻhe śa॒taṃ pe॑ru॒ke ca॑ pa॒kvā
ruk
kuruk aḥ, ruruk aḥ
eko rājaputraḥ ।
kurukaḥ viṣṇupurāṇe ullikhitaḥ asti
ruk
kuruk ataḥ
eka: puruṣaḥ ।
kurukataḥ gargādiṣu aśatikādiṣu gaṇeṣu paṭhitaḥ asti
ruk
bharuk aḥ, kuruk aḥ, ruruk aḥ
ekaḥ rājaputraḥ ।
bhāgavata-purāṇe bharukaḥ ullikhitaḥ
ruk
bharuk acchaḥ, bharuk acchapaḥ, maruk acchaḥ
ekaḥ deśaḥ tasya deśasya nivāsinaḥ ।
mahābhārate tathā ca varāha-mihireṇa bharukacchasya ullekhaḥ prāpyate
ruk
sāmānyaniruk tiḥ
kṛtiviśeṣaḥ ।
sāmānyaniruktiḥ iti nāmakānāṃ naikāsāṃ kṛtīnām ullekhaḥ koṣe asti
ruk
guruk ṣopaḥ
ekaḥ rājaputraḥ ।
gurukṣopasya varṇanaṃ kośe vartate
ruk
maruk acchaḥ
ekaḥ deśaḥ ।
prācīna-bhāratīya-pradeśa-racanāyāṃ marukacchaḥ ullikhitaḥ
ruk
maruk uccaḥ
ekaḥ deśaḥ ।
varāha-mihirasya bṛhatsaṃhitāyāṃ marukuccaḥ ullikhitaḥ
ruk
uruk ṣayaḥ
ekaḥ rājā ।
urukṣayasya ullekhaḥ viṣṇupurāṇe asti
ruk
cāruk aḥ
ekaḥ puruṣaḥ ।
cārukasya varṇanaṃ viṣṇupurāṇe vartate
ruk
niruk tavṛttiḥ
yāskācāryasya niruktam ityasya granthasya durgācāryeṇa racitaḥ ṭīkāgranthaḥ ।
niruktavṛtteḥ ullekhaḥ koṣe asti
ruk
niruk tabhāṣyam
ekaḥ ṭīkāgranthaḥ ।
niruktabhāṣyasya ullekhaḥ koṣe asti
ruk
niruk tajaḥ
putrāṇām ekaḥ vargaḥ ।
niruktajasya ullekhaḥ mahābhārate asti
ruk
dviruk tikośaḥ
ekaḥ kośaḥ ।
dviruktikośasya ullekhaḥ kośe vartate