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| अभिगोपाय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to guard, protect,   |
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| अभिगॄ | -gṛṇ/āti-, to call to or address with approbation ; to join in (accusative) ; to welcome, praise ; to approve of, accept propitiously, allow. |
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| अभिपा | -p/āti-, to guard ; to behold with attention : Causal P. -pālayati-, to protect, assist |
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| अभ्यघाय | Nom. P. -aghāy/ati-, to intend to injure |
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| अभ्यतिरिच् | Passive voice -/ati-ric-yate-, or -ati-ricy/ate- (subjunctive abhy-/ati-r/icyātai-; Potential -/ati-ricyeta-) Ved. to remain for the sake of (accusative) |
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| अभ्यतिसृज् | (1. plural -/ati-sṛjāmas-) to let pass |
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| अभ्युक्ष् | P. -ukṣ/ati-, (ind.p. -ukṣya-) to sprinkle over, besprinkle and Calcutta edition : A1. (perf. -vavakṣe-) to cover with sparks |
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| आदिश् | P. -did/eṣṭi- ([ subjunctive 3. sg. -dideśati- ]), -diś/ati- ([3. plural -diśanti- imperative 2. sg. -diśa- imperfect tense 1. sg. ādiśam-,etc.]) , rarely -diśate- ([ ]) infinitive mood -d/iśe- ([ ]) and -deṣṭum- (Aorist 3. sg. ādikṣat-[ See ] future 1. plural -dekṣyāmaḥ-, perf. -dideśa-) to aim at, have in view ; to threaten ; to hit ; to assign etc. ; to point out, indicate ; to report, announce, teach etc. ; to determine, specify, denominate etc. ; to declare, foretell, etc. ; to order, direct, command etc. ; to refer any one to (locative case) ; to banish etc. ; to undertake, try ; to profess as one's aim or duty : Causal -deśayati-, to show, indicate, announce, : Intensive (parasmE-pada -d/ediśāna-) to have in view, aim at (accusative) |
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| आदो | P. -d/āti-, -dy/ati- (subjunctive 1. plural /ā-dyāmasi-,etc.) to reduce to small pieces, to crush |
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| अघाय | Nom. P. aghāy/ati- (participle y/at-), to intend to injure, to threaten |
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| अहःपति | m. equals aharp/ati- q.v commentator or commentary |
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| आखिद् | P. -khid/ati- (1. sg. -khidāmi-; imperative 2. sg. -khidā-) to take away, draw to one's self |
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| आक्षि | cl.2. -kṣeti- (3. plural -kṣiy/anti-and imperfect tense /ākṣiyan-; Potential 1. plural -kṣiyema-) to abide, dwell in (accusative), inhabit ; -kṣeti-, to possess, take possession of (accusative) : cl.6. -kṣiy/ati-, to exist |
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| अमस | m. time (see 1. amata-and 3. am/ati-.) |
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| अन्वृध् | cl.6 P. -ṛdh/ati-, to carry out, accomplish |
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| अपवा | -v/āti-, to exhale, perspire (Imper. -vātu-) to blow off |
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| अरातीय | Nom. P. tīy/ati- (parasmE-pada tīy/at-[ ]; subjunctive tīy/āt-), Ved. idem or 'Nom. P. (subjunctive tsy/āt-) to be malevolent, have hostile intentions against (dative case) ' |
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| अश् | aśn/āti- (Potential aśnīyāt-; parasmE-pada aśn/at-(See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 1. aśna-); Aorist subjunctive aśīt- ; future parasmE-pada aśiṣy/at- , perf. /āsa- ; perf. p. āśivas-See /an-āśvas- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order /an-āsaka-; Pass.p. aśy/amāna- ) to eat, consume (with accusative [this only in classical Sanskrit] or genitive case) etc. ; to enjoy : Causal āśayati- (; Aorist āśiśat- ) to cause to eat, feed ; (with double accusative; see ) ; (see /āśita-): Desiderative /aśiśiṣāti- () to wish to eat : Intensive aśāśyate- |
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| आस्कभ् | P. (-skabhn/āti- ) to fix firmly into, stick into. |
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| अति | in such compounds the accent is generally on /ati-. |
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| अतिबहु | mfn. (/ati--) very much |
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| अतिभा | -bh/āti-, to blaze or be very bright |
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| आतिच्छन्दस | n. (fr. /ati-cchandas-), Name of the last of the six days of the pṛṣṭhya- ceremony |
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| अतिदघ् | to go beyond, to pass (3. sg. /ate-dhak-,2. dual number /ati-dhaksam-) |
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| अतिदन्तुर | (/ati--) mfn. whose teeth are too prominent |
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| अतिदीर्घ | (/ati--) mfn. very long, too long, |
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| अतिगुर् | (Potential /ati jugury/āt-), to cry out, give a shriek |
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| अतिह्रस्व | (/ati--) mfn. excessively short |
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| अतिख्या | to survey, overlook (3. sg. imperfect tense /aty-akhyat-) ; to neglect, pass over, abandon (2. sg. Conj. /ati-khyas-,2. dual number Conj. /ati-khyatam-) |
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| अतिकिरिट | (/ati--) ([Comm.]) mfn. having too small teeth |
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| अतिकृश | (/ati--) mfn. very thin, emaciated. |
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| अतिकृष्ण | (/ati--) mfn. very or too dark, very or too deep blue. |
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| अतिक्रुष्ट | (/ati--) n. extraordinary cry or wailing |
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| अतिक्षर् | to overflow or flow through etc. (3. sg. Aorist /akṣār /ati- ). |
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| अतिकुल्व | (/ati-.) mfn. too bald |
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| अतिलोम | (/ati--) ([ ]) mfn. very hairy, too hairy. |
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| अतिलोमश | (/ati--) ([ ]) mfn. very hairy, too hairy. |
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| अतिमति | f. (/ati--) haughtiness |
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| अतिमेमिष | (/ati--) mfn. (1. miṣ-), opening the eyes too much, staring |
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| अतिमिर्मिर | (/ati--) mfn. twinkling exceedingly |
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| अतिमुक्ति | (/ati-.) f. final liberation (from death) |
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| अतिनिष्टन् | ( tan-), (perf. Potential 3. plural /ati-n/iṣ-ṭatanyuḥ-) to penetrate (with rays) |
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| अतिपू | P. to clarify or purify through (3. plural Aorist /ati apāviṣuḥ-) : A1. -pavate-, to purify or purge by flowing through (especially used of the soma- juice, which is considered to be a purgative) |
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| अतिपुरुष | (/ati--) ([ ]) m. a first-rate man, hero. |
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| अतिपूरुष | (/ati--) ([ ]) m. a first-rate man, hero. |
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| अतिराज् | to shine over (aor.Subj. 3. sg. /ati rāṭ-) |
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| अतिश्लक्ष्ण | (/ati--) mfn. too tender |
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| अतिसृष्टि | (/ati--) f. an extraordinary or excellent creation |
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| अतिस्थूल | mfn. (/ati-.) excessively big or clumsy |
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| अतिशुक्र | (/ati--) mfn. too bright. |
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| अतितराम् | ind. (Comparative degree of /ati-), above in rank (with accusative), KenaUp. |
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| अतिथिपति | (/atithi--) m. a host, entertainer of a guest |
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| अवतॄ | cl.1 P. -tarati- (perf. -tatāra-,3. plural -teruḥ-;Inf. -taritum-[ exempli gratia, 'for example' ]or -tartum-[ exempli gratia, 'for example' ]; ind.p. -tīrya-) to descend into (locative case or accusative), alight from, alight (ablative) ; to descend (as a deity) in becoming incarnate ; to betake one's self to (accusative), arrive at ; to make one's appearance, arrive ; to be in the right place, to fit ; to undertake: Vedic or Veda cl.6 P. (Imper. 2. sg. -tira-; imperfect tense -/atirat-,2. sg. -/atiras-,2. dual number -atiratam-; Aorist 2. sg. -tārīs-) to overcome, overpower : Ved. cl.4. (parasmE-pada fem. -t/īyatī-) to sink : Causal -tārayati- (ind.p. -tārya-) to make or let one descend, bring or fetch down (accusative or locative case) from (ablative) etc. ; to take down, take off, remove, turn away from (ablative ) ; "to set a-going, render current" See ava-tārita- below ; to descend(?) |
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| अव्यथिष्यै | Ved. infinitive mood () , for not trembling, for rendering sure-footed ; (a-vy/athiṣe-!) |
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| बन्ध् | cl.9 P. () badhn/āti- (rarely A1. badhnīt/e-; cl.1 P. A1. bandhati-, te- ; cl.4 P. badhyati- ; imperative badhāna- , bandhāna- , -badhnīhi- , bandha- ; perfect tense P. bab/andha-,3. plural bedh/us- , babandhus- ; A1. bedh/e-, dhir/e- , babandhe- grammar; future bhantsyati- etc., bandhiṣyati-, te- ; banddhā- grammar; Aorist abhāntsīt- grammar; preceding badhyāt- ; infinitive mood banddhum-,or bandhitum- , b/adhe- ind.p. baddhv/ā- , dhv/āya- , -badhya- ; -bandham- ), to bind, tie, fix, fasten, chain, fetter etc. ; to bind round, put on (;later also P."on one's self") etc. ; to catch, take or hold captive, met. = to attach to world or to sin ; to fix, direct, fasten, rivet (eyes, ears or mind) on (locative case or infinitive mood) ; to arrest, hold back, restrain, suppress, stop, shut, close ; to bind a sacrificial victim, offer, sacrifice (with dative case of the deity to whom it is presented) : ; to punish, chastise ; to join, unite, put together or produce anything in this way, exempli gratia, 'for example' fold (the hands), clench (the fist), knit or bend (the eyebrows), arrange, assume (a posture), set up (a limit), construct (a dam or a bridge), span, bridge over (a river), conceive or contract (friendship or enmity), compose, construct (a poem or verse) etc. ; to form or produce in any way, cause, effect, do, make, bear (fruit), strike (roots), take up (one's abode) ; to entertain, cherish, show, exhibit, betray (joy, resolution etc.) : Passive voice badhy/ate- (ti- ), to be bound etc. etc. ; (especially) to be bound by the fetters of existence or evil, sin again ; to be affected by id est experience, suffer (instrumental case) : Causal bandhayati- (Aorist ababandhat-), to cause to bind or catch or capture, imprison etc. ; to cause to be built or constructed ; to cause to be embanked or dammed up ; to bind together (also bādhayati-) : Desiderative bibhantsati- grammar : Intensive bābanddhi-, bābadhyate- [ confer, compare Zend band; Greek , ; Latin foedus,fides; Lit.be4ndras; Gothic Anglo-Saxon bindan; German binden; English bind.] |
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| भा | cl.2 P. () bh/āti- (pr. p. bhāt- f. bhāntī-or bhātī- ; Potential bhāyāt- ; plural babhau- etc.; Aorist abhāsīt- grammar ; future bhāsy/ati- etc.) , to shine, be bright or luminous etc. ; to shine forth, appear, show one's self ; to be splendid or beautiful or eminent etc. (with na-,to cut a poor figure ) ; to appear as, seem, look like, pass for (Nominal verb with or without iva- adverb in vat-) etc. ; to be, exist ; to show, exhibit, manifest (varia lectio): Passive voice bhāyate-, impers, radiance is put forth by (instrumental case) : Causal bhāpayate- ; Aorist abībhapat- grammar : Desiderative bibhāsati- : Intensive bābhāyate-, bābheti-, bābhāti- [ confer, compare bhan-, bhāṣ-, bhās-; Greek , ; Latin fa1rietc.; German Bann; English ban.] |
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| भिद् | cl.7.P. A1. () bhin/atti-, bhintte- (imperfect tense 2. 3. sg. /abhinat- ; subjunctive bhin/aadaḥ- ; imperative bindh/i- ; binddhi- [ confer, compare binddhi-lavaṇā-];cl.1. P. bh/edati- ; Potential bhideyam- ; perfect tense bibh/eda- ; Aorist , 2. 3. sg. bh/et- abhaitsīt- ; bhitthās- ; preceding bhitsīṣṭa- grammar; future bhetsy/ati-, te- etc.; Conditional abhetsyat- ; future bhettā- grammar; infinitive mood bh/ettav/ai- ; bhettum- etc.; ind.p. bhittv/ā-, -bhidya- etc.) , to split, cleave, break, cut or rend asunder, pierce, destroy etc.,; to pass through (as a planet or, comet) ; to disperse (darkness) ; to transgress, violate, (a compact or alliance) etc. ; to open, expand ; to loosen, disentangle, dissolve etc. ; to disturb, interrupt, stop ; to disclose, betray etc. ; to disunite, set at variance ; to distinguish, discriminate : Passive voice bhidy/ate- (Epic also ti- Aorist abhedi- etc.; perfect tense bibhide- ), to be split or broken, burst (intrans.) etc. ; to be opened (as a closed hand, eyes etc.) ; to overflow (as water) ; to be loosened, become loose ; to be stopped or interrupted ; to be disclosed or betrayed ; to be changed or altered (in mind), be won over ; to be disunited ; to keep aloof from (instrumental case) ; to be distinguished, differ from (ablative) etc.: Causal bhedayati-, te- (Aorist abībhidat-; confer, compare also bhidāpana-), to cause to split or break etc. ; to split, break, shatter, crush, destroy ; to separate, divide (See bhedita-) ; to disunite, set at variance, perplex, unsettle (in opinion), seduce, win over : Desiderative b/ibhitsati-, te-, to wish to break through or disperse or defeat (confer, compare, bibhitsā-): Desiderative of Causal See bibhedayiṣu-: Intensive bebhidīti- or bebhetti-, to cleave repeatedly [ confer, compare Latin findo; German beissen; English bite.] |
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| भिषज्य | Nom. P. jy/ati- (gaRa kaṇḍv-ādi-) to heal, cure, possess healing power etc. ; to be physician to any one (dative case) ; to be a physician or remedy for id est to gain the mastery over anything (locative case) |
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| भ्रज्ज् | cl.6 P. A1. (; confer, compare bhṛj-) bhṛjj/ati-, te- (in only forms of the proper P.,and perfect tense babhrajja-; grammar also perfect tense babhrajye-and babharja-, je-; Aorist abhrākṣīt-, abhārkṣīt-; abhārkṣīt-, abhaṣṭa-; abharṣṭa-; future bhrakṣyati-, te-, bharkṣyati-, te-; bhraṣṭā-, bharṣṭā-; infinitive mood bhraṣṭum-and bharṣṭum-; ind.p. bhṛṣṭvā-), to fry, parch, roast (especially grain) etc.: Passive voice bhṛjjyate- (Epic also ti-; parasmE-pada bhṛjjyamāna- ) : Causal bharjayati- (confer, compare bhṛj-; grammar also bhrajjayati-; Aorist ababharjat-or ababhrajjat-), to fry, roast : Desiderative bibhrakṣati-, bibharkṣati- ; bibhrajjiṣati-, bibharjiṣati- grammar : Intensive barībhṛjjyate-, bābhraṣṭi-, bābharṣṭi- [ confer, compare bhrāj-; Greek ; Latin frigere.] |
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| भू | cl.1 P. () bh/avati- (rarely A1. te-; perfect tense babh/ūva-,2. Persian /ūtha-or ūvitha- confer, compare ; babhūyās-, y/ār-, babhūtu- ; A1. babhūve-or bubhūve- ; confer, compare below; Aorist /abhūt-, ūvan-; imperative bodh/i-[ confer, compare budh-], bhūtu- ; Aorist or imperfect tense /abhuvat-, bh/uvat-, bhuvāni- ; preceding bhūyāsam-,2. 3. sg. yās- ; bhūyāt- ; bhūyiṣṭhās- ; bhaviṣāt-[?] ; abhaviṣṭa-, bhaviṣīṣta-. grammar; future bhaviṣy/ati-, Epic also te-and 2. plural ṣyadhvam-; bhavitā- etc.; infinitive mood bhuv/e-, -bhv/e-, bhūṣ/aṇi- ; bhavitum-, tos- ; ind.p. bhūtv/ā-; bhūtv/ī- ; -bh/ūya- etc.; -bh/ūyam-, -bh/avam- ), to become, be (with nom, or adverb or indeclineable words ending in ī-or ū- confer, compare kṛṣṇī-bhū-etc.) , arise, come into being, exist, be found, live, stay, abide, happen, occur etc. (often used with participles and other verbal nouns to make periphrastical verbal forms;with a fut.p. =to be going or about to exempli gratia, 'for example' anuvakṣyan bhavati-,he is going to recite ;the future of bhū-with a perfect tense parasmE-pada =a future perfect tense exempli gratia, 'for example' kṛtavān bhaviṣyasi-,you will have done ;the perfect tense P. babhūva-after the syllable ām-is put for the perfect tense of verbs of the 10th classetc.[ confer, compare 1. as-and1. kṛ-];the A1.appears in this meaning ;observe also bhavati-with a future tense, it is possible that, exempli gratia, 'for example' bhavati bhavān yājayiṣyati-,it is possible that you will cause a sacrifice to be performed ; bhavet-,may be, granted, admitted on ; bhavatu- idem or ' bhusukha-or bhusura- m. Name of a yogin- ',well, good, enough of this ; iticed bhavet-,if this question should be asked ; kva tad bhavati-,what is to become of this, it is quite useless ;with na-= to cease to exist, perish, die etc.;with iha na-,not to be born on earth ;with śata-dhā-,to fall into a hundred pieces ;with dūrataḥ-,to keep aloof. ;with manasi-or cetasi-and genitive case,to occur to the mind of any one ; idem or ' bhusukha-or bhusura- m. Name of a yogin- ' with genitive case alone ) ; to fall to the share or become the property of, belong to (confer, compare"esse alicujus";with genitive case,rarely dative case or locative case according to to also with pari-or prati-and preceding accusative) etc. ; to be on the side of, assist (with genitive case or -tas-) (confer, compare ) ; to serve for, tend or conduce to (with dative case of thing) etc. (with phalāya-.to bear fruit ) ; to be occupied with or engaged in, devote one's self to (with locative case) ; to thrive or prosper in (instrumental case), turn out well, succeed ; to be of consequence or useful ; (also A1. ) to fall, or get into, attain to, obtain ; (with id/am-) to obtain it id est be successful or fortunate : Passive voice bhūyate- (or ti- ; Aorist abhāvi-) sometimes used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' yair bhaviṣyate-, by whom it will be existed id est who will be : Causal bhāvayati- (rarely te-; Aorist abībhavat- grammar; infinitive mood bhāvitum- ; Passive voice bhāvyate-etc. ), to cause to be or become, call into existence or life, originate, produce, cause, create ; to cherish, foster, animate, enliven, refresh, encourage, promote, further etc. ; to addict or devote one's self to, practise (accusative) ; to subdue, control ; (also A1. ) to obtain ; to manifest, exhibit, show, betray ; to purify ; to present to the mind, think about, consider, know, recognize as or take for (two accusative) etc. ; to mingle, mix, saturate, soak, perfume (confer, compare bhāvita-,): Desiderative of Causal bibhāvayiṣati- (), to wish to cause to be etc. : Desiderative b/ubhūṣati- (te-), to wish or strive to become or be etc. ; (with kṣipram-), to strive to be quickly possessed ; to want to get on, strive to prosper or succeed ; to want to have, care for, strive after, esteem, honour ; to want to take revenge : Intens, b/obhavīti-, bobhavati-, bobhoti-, bobhūyate-, to be frequently, to be in the habit of ; to be transformed into (accusative) ; (with tiraḥ-), to keep anything (instrumental case) secret [ confer, compare Zend bu1; Greek , ; Latin fuit,fuatetc.; Slavonic or Slavonian byti; Lithuanian bu4ti; German bim,bim; Anglo-Saxon beo4; English be.] |
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| भुज् | cl.6 P. () bhuj/ati- (perfect tense bubhoja- Aorist abhaukṣīt- future bhokṣyati-and ktā- grammar;really only proper stem Aorist -/abubhojīs-and ind.p. -bhujya-after nir-and, pari-; confer, compare also bhujam-in bhujaṃ-ga-and bhujaṃgama-), to bend, curve ; (?) to sweep (confer, compare 1. bhuj/i-) : Passive voice bhujyate-, to be bent down or disheartened [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin fugio; Gothic biugan,baugjan(?); German biogan,biegen; Anglo-Saxon bu4gan; English bow.] |
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| भुर् | (prob. a secondary form of bhri-not in ), P. A1. bhur/ati-, te-, to move rapidly or convulsively, stir, palpitate, quiver, struggle (in swimming) : Intensive j/arbhurīti- (parasmE-pada j/arbhurat-, rāṇa-), to flicker (as fire) (confer, compare Greek , ; Latin furere.) |
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| भुरण्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to be active or restless, stir ; to stir (trans.), agitate (a liquid) |
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| ब्रह्मणस्पति | m. (fr. brahmaṇas- genitive case of brahman-+ p-) equals b/ṛhas-p/ati- etc. ( brahmaṇaspatisūkta -sūkta- n.Name of work) |
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| ब्रह्मण्य | Nom. P. y/ati- (only pr. p. y/at-) to pray, be devout or religious |
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| बृह् | or vṛh-, cl.6. P. () brih/ati- ; vṛh/ati- (perfect tense babarha-, vav/arha-; future varkṣyati-, varhiṣyati-; varḍhā-, varhitā-; Aorist barhīt-, avṛkṣat-; ind.p. vriḍhvā-, varhitvā-, v/ṛhya-, barham-, v/arham-;Ved. infinitive mood vṛhas-: Passive voice vṛhyate-; Aorist varhi-), to tear, pluck, root up (without a preposition only with mūlam- ): Causal barh/ayati- (See ni-bṛh-): Desiderative vivṛkṣati-, vivarhiṣati- grammar : Intensive varīvarḍhi-, varīvṛhyate- |
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| बृहस्पतिप्रणुत्त | (bṛhas-p/ati-.) mfn. expelled by bṛhaspati- |
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| बृहस्पतिप्रसूत | (bṝhas-p/ati--) mfn. enjoined by bṛhaspati- |
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| बृहस्पतिसुत | (b/ṛhas-p/ati--) mfn. pressed out (as soma- juice) by bṛhas-pati- |
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| दा | cl.3. d/adāti- (plural dati- etc.; A1. datte- ;1. sg. dadmi- ; imperative d/adātu- plural dahu-;2. sg. daddh/i- ; deh/i-[ ] ;2. plural d/adāta- , tana- , datt/a- etc.;2. dual number tt/am- etc.; Potential dady/āt- etc.; imperfect tense /adadāt-; plural /adadur- ;2. dual number /adattam- etc.;2. plural ttana-, , /adadāta- ; subjunctive d/adat- , das- dan- parasmE-pada m. Nominal verb sg. d/adat- plural tas- etc.; parasmE-pada A1. d/adāna-, ; n/a-, ; sg. dadati-, ; plural danti-, ; imperative da-, ; data- ; Potential det- ; imperfect tense /adadat- ; A1. sg. d/adate- ; plural dante-, ; imperative sg. datām- ; dasva- etc.; imperfect tense plural /adadanta- ; parasmE-pada d/adamāna- ; Aorist /adāt-[ ], dat-, /adur-, d/ur-etc.; subjunctive 2. dual number dāsathas- [ confer, compare ]; Potential 1. plural deṣma- ; perfect tense dad/au-, d/ur-, d/athur-, datur-, d/o- etc.; Passive voice d/e-, ; dadade-, dāte-, dire- ; parasmE-pada genitive case dad/uṣas- , ṣām- ; Nominal verb dv/ān-, ; dāvan- ; accusative div/āṃsam-, [ confer, compare ]; future parasmE-pada dāsy/at- ; A1. syate-, syante-,1. sg. sye- ; preceding deyāt- ; infinitive mood dāv/ane- ; d/ātos-, ; tave-, ; d/ātav/ai-[ ] ; tum-, etc.: ind.p. dattv/āya-[ ] ; ttv/ā- etc.; -d/āya-[ ] etc.: Passive voice dīyate-[ ]; parasmE-pada y/amāna- ; Aorist adāyi- ; preceding dāsīṣṭa-, dāyis-, ) cl.1. d/āti- (; imperative tu-, ; confer, compare Va1rtt. 3 ) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dative case,in later language also genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to give (a daughter, kanyām-) in marriage etc. ; to hand over ; (with haste-) ; to give back, ; to pay (daṇḍam-,"a fine"; ṛṇam-,"a debt", ) ; to give up, cede (āsanam-,"one's seat") ; (panthānam-or mārgam-,"to give up the road, allow to pass") and ; to sell (with instrumental case of the price), ; to sacrifice (ātmānam-,"one's self."; āt- khedāya-,"to give one's self up to grief", ) ; to offer (an oblation etc.) etc. ; to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āśiṣas- ), give (answer, prati-vacas-, canam-, praty-uttaram- etc.), speak (satyaṃ vacas-,the truth, ; vacam-,to address a speech to [ dative case ] ) ; to permit, allow (with infinitive mood) ; to permit sexual intercourse ; to place, put, apply (in med.) etc. ; to add ; with varam-,"to grant a boon" etc. ; śoham-,"to cause grief", ; avakāśam-,"to give room or space, allow to enter" etc. ; prāṇān- or jīvitam-,"to spare any one's life" ; talam- or lān-, to slap with the palms of the hands ; la-prahāram-, to strike with the palm tālam-, to beat time with the hands ; saṃjñām-, to make a sign ; saṃketakam-, to make an appointment samayam-, to propose an agreement ; upamām-, to compare with [ genitive case ] ; paṭaham-, to proclaim with the drum ; śabdam-, to make a noise, call out ; śāpam-, to utter a curse etc. ; gāīh-. idem or 'm. fire ' ; anuyātram-, to accompany ; āliṅganane-, parirambhaṇam-, to embrace, ; jhampam-, to jump ; śrāddham-, to perform a śrāddha- ; vratakam-, to accomplish a vow ; yuddham-, niy-, saṃgrāmam-, to give battle, fight with ; ājñām- ādeśam-, to give an order, command, ; saṃdeśam-, to give information ; prayogam-, to give a dramatic representation vṛtim-, to fence in ; darśanam-, to show one's self ; dṛṣṭim-, dṛśam-, akṣi-, caksus-, to fix the eyes on (locative case) ; karṇam-, to give ear, listen ; manas-, to direct the mind to (locative case) ; kars- kapolam-, to rest the cheek on the hand ; nigaḍāni- to put on or apply fetters pāvakam-, to set on fire ; agnīn- to consume by fire ; śāram-, to move a chess-man ; argalam-, to draw a bolt, bar ; jānu-, to kneel upon (genitive case) ; padam-, to tread upon [loc.] ; to direct the steps ; viṣam-, to poison (with accusative !) ; garam- idem or 'm. fire ' (with genitive case) ; -- A1. to carry, hold, keep, preserve ; to show (Aorist adadiṣṭa-; aded-fr. diś- ) : Causal dāpayati- (; Aorist adīdapat-, ) to cause to give or be given, cause to bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore etc. ; to demand from (ablative) ; to cause to utter or speak ghoṣaṇām-, to cause to be made known ; to cause to place or advance, ; to cause to perform, to cause to be put on (locative case) : Desiderative d/itsati- (; parasmE-pada d/idāsat- ; d/itsat-, ; Potential tseyam- ; perfect tense 2. sg. didāsitha- ; confer, compare ) to wish to give, be ready to bestow etc. ; to wish to give in marriage etc.: Intensive dedīyate- ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin do;etc.]) |
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| दा | cl.4 P. dy/ati- (see ā--4. dā-), to bind, only in dīṣva- ([ see ]) . |
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| दम् | m. p/atir d/an- (genitive case sg.) equals d/am-patis-, |
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| दम् | m. p/ati d/an- equals d/am-patī-, |
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| दानु | n. a fluid, drop, dew (nas p/atī- m.du, Name of mitra-- varuṇa- or of the aśvin-s ; see ārdr/a--, jīr/a--). |
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| दशस्य | Nom. (fr. śas-= Latin decus; confer, compare dāś-and y/aśas-) y/ati- (Impv. y/ā-, ya-;p. y/at-), to render service, serve, worship, favour, oblige (with accusative) ; to accord, do favour to (dative case) |
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| धा | cl.3 P. A1. d/adhāti-, dhatt/e- etc. (P. dual number dadhv/as-, dhatth/as-, dhatt/as-[ ]; plural dadhm/asi-or m/as-, dhatth/a-, dādhati-; imperfect tense /adadhāt- plural dhur-, plural /adhatta-or /adadhāta- ; subjunctive d/adhat-or dhāt-[ ], dhas-, dhatas-, dhan-; Potential dadhy/āt-; imperative dādhātu- plural dhatu-;2. sg. dheh/i-[fr. dhaddhi-; confer, compare ] or dhattāt- ;2. plural dhatt/a-, , dhattana-, , d/adhāta-, ,or tana-, [ confer, compare ]; parasmE-pada d/adhat-, ti- m. plural tas-; A1.1. sg. dadh/e-[at once3. sg. equals dhatt/e- and= perfect tense A1.],2. sg. dh/atse-, or dhats/e- dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-;2. plural dhidhv/e-[ confer, compare perfect tense ];3. plural d/adhate- ; imperfect tense /adhatta-, tthās-; subjunctive d/adhase-, [ ]; Potential d/adhīta- dadhīt/a-, ; imperative 2. sg. dhatsva-, or dadhiṣva-, ;2. plural dhaddhvam-[ ]or dadhidhvam- ,etc.;3. pl. dadhatām- ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-) ; rarely cl.1 P. A1. dadhati-, te- ; only thrice cl.2 P. dh/āti- ; and once cl.4 A1. Potential dhāyeta- (pf.P. dadh/au-, dh/ātha-, dhatur-, dhim/ā-, dhur- etc.; A1. dadh/e-[ confer, compare proper ], dadhiṣ/e-or dhiṣe- ;2.3. dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-,2. pl. dadhidhv/e-[ confer, compare proper ];3. plural dadhir/e-, dadhre-, ,or dhire-, ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-[ confer, compare proper ]; Aorist P. /adhāt-, dh/āt-, dh/ās-; adh/ur-, dh/ur- etc.; Potential dheyām-, yur-; dhetana- ; 2. sg. dhāyīs- ; imperative dh/ātu-[ confer, compare ];2. plural dh/āta-or tana-,3. plural dhāntu- ; A1. adhita-, thās-, adhītām-, adhīmahi-, dhīmahi-, dhimahe-, dhāmahe- ;3. sg. ahita-, hita- ; subjunctive dh/ethe- , dhaithe-, ; imperative dhiṣv/ā-, ; P. adhat- ; dhat- ; P. dhāsur- subjunctive sathas-and satha- ; A1. adhiṣi-, ṣata- ; Potential dhiṣīya- [ ]; dheṣīya- ; future dhāsyati-, te-or dhātā- etc.; infinitive mood dh/ātum- etc.;Ved. also tave-, tav/ai-, tos-; dhiy/adhyai- ;Class. also -dhitum-; ind.p. dhitv/ā- ; hitvā-[ ], -dh/āya-and -dh/ām- : Passive voice dhīy/ate- etc.[ ] , p. dhīy/amāna- ; Aorist /adhāyi-, dh/āyi- [ ]; preceding dhāsīṣṭa-or dhāyiṣīṣṭa-[ ]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (locative case) etc. etc. (with daṇḍam-,to inflict punishment on [with locative case ,with genitive case ];with tat-padavyām padam-,to put one's foot in another's footstep id est imitate, equal ) ; to take or bring or help to (locative case or dative case;with ār/e-,to remove) ; (A1.) to direct or fix the mind or attention (cintām-, manas-, matim-, samādhim-etc.) upon, think of (locative case or dative case), fix or resolve upon (locative case dative case accusative with prati-or a sentence closed with iti-) ; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (locative case dative case or genitive case) etc. (Passive voice to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share ) ; to appoint, establish, constitute ; to render (with double accusative) ; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform, execute etc. (Aorist with pūrayām-, mantrayām-, varayām-etc. equals pūrayām-etc. cakāra-) ; to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on (clothes) etc. ; (A1.) to accept, obtain, conceive (especially in the womb), get, take (with /okas-or c/anas-,to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dative case ]) ; to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo : Causal -dhāpayati- (See antar-dhā-, śrad-dhā-etc.) : Desiderative dh/itsati-, te- () , to wish to put in or lay on (locative case) (Class. Passive voice dhitsyate-; dhitsya-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) ; d/idhiṣati-, te-, to wish to give or present ; (A1.) to wish to gain, strive after (parasmE-pada d/idhiṣāṇa-, ) : with avady/am-, to bid defiance (confer, compare didhiṣ/āyya-, didhiṣ/u-): Intensive dedhīyate- [ confer, compare Zend da1,dadaiti; Greek ,; Lithuanian dedu4,de4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian dedja,diti; Old Saxon duan,do7n, Anglo-Saxon do7n,Engl.do; German tuan;tuon,thun.] |
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| ध्रै | cl.1 P. dhrāyati-, to be pleased or satisfied ; cl.2. etc. dhr/āti-, dhr/āti-, dhr/ayati- See dhr/a-. |
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| ध्रु | cl.6 P. dhruv/ati- () to go ; to be firm or fixed (also cl.1 P. dhravati- ; parasmE-pada dhruvat-,knowing ; perf. dudhrāva-,be killed ) |
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| दिश् | cl.3 P. d/ideṣṭi- (Imper. d/ideṣṭu- ; cl.6. diś/ati-, te-[later the only present tense stem]; perfect tense did/eśa-, didiś/e-; future dekṣyati-, te-[ deṣṭā- ]; Aorist adikṣat- etc.; adikṣi-, /adiṣṭa- ; infinitive mood deṣṭum- etc.; d/iśe- ) to point out, show, exhibit ; to produce, bring forward (as a witness in a court of justice) ; to promote, effect, accomplish ; to assign, grant, bestow upon (dative case ; genitive case ; locative case ) ; to pay (tribute) ; to order, command, bid (infinitive mood) : Passive voice diśyate- etc.: Causal deśayati-, te- ; Aorist adīdiśat-, to show, point out, assign ; to direct, order, command ; teach, communicate, tell, inform, confess : Desiderative didikṣati-, te-, to wish to show etc.: Intensive d/ediṣṭe-, 3. plural śate-, (parasmE-pada f. plural śatīs-) to show, exhibit, manifest ; to order, command : Passive voice dediśyate-, to show or approve one's self. [ confer, compare Z.dis; Greek ; Latin di1co,in-dr2careetc.; Gothic teihan; O. E.te4on(fr.ti4han).] |
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| दिय | n. diy/ānām p/ati- lord of gifts, a very liberal man. |
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| दो | cl.2.4. P. dāti- etc. ; dy/ati- etc. (perfect tense 3 plural A1. -dadire- ; Aorist adāsīt-and adāt- ; preceding deyāt-, ; dāyāt-, ; -diṣīya- ; see ava-do-) to cut, divide, reap, mow etc.: Passive voice dīyate-, prob. to be cast down or, dejected : Desiderative ditsati- : Intensive dedīyate-, (see day-and 3. dā-). |
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| द्रा | cl.2 P. dr/āti- (imperative dr/ātu-, dr/āntu- ; perfect tense dadrur-, parasmE-pada A1. dadrāṇ/a- ; Aorist adrāsīt-; subjunctive drāsat- ), to run, make haste: Causal drāpayati- (Desiderative of Causal d/idrāpayiṣati-) ; Aorist adidrapat- : Intensive d/aridrāti- ; 3 plural daridrati- ; to run hither and thither ; to be in need or poor: Desiderative of Intensive didaridrāsati- and didaridriṣati- Va1rtt. 2 [ confer, compare 2. dru-and dram-; Greek , .] |
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| द्रै | or drā- () cl.1 P. A1. drāyati-, te- (confer, compare ni--) or cl.2 P. drāti- (perfect tense -dadrau- ; Aorist adrāsīt- ; future drāsy/ati- ) to sleep. [ confer, compare Greek , Latin dormio]. |
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| दृभ् | cl.6 P. dṛbh/ati- (); 1. 10. P. darbhati- and darbhayati- () , to string or tie together, tie in a bunch. |
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| दृश् | (Pres. forms supplied by paś- q.v; perfect tense P. dad/arśa- etc. [2. sg. dadarśitha-and dadraṣṭha- ]; A1. dadṛś/e- [ d/adṛśe-,3 plural dṛśre- ; śrire- ]; parasmE-pada P. dadṛśv/as- ; sivas- ; darśivas- q.v; A1. d/adṛśāna- ; future P. -drakṣy/ati- etc.; A1. ṣyate-and future 2. draṣṭā- ; Aorist P. adarśam-, śas-, śat-,3 plural śur- ; 1 plural adarśma- ; adṛśma- ; subjunctive darśam-, śat-, śathas- ; A1.3 plural /adṛśran- ; śram- ; parasmE-pada dṛśān/a-or d/ṛśāna-[ confer, compare sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ] ; P. dṛśan-,3 plural /adṛśan- ; Potential dṛś/eyam- ; śema- ; P. adrākṣit-and adrāk- ; A1.3 plural /adṛkṣata-; subjunctive 2 sg. d/ṛkṣase- ; infinitive mood dṛś/e-and driś/aye- ; dr/aṣṭum- etc.; ind.p. dṛṣṭv/ā- etc.[ also dṛśya-], ṭvāya- ; -d/ṛśya- ; -darśam- ) to see, behold, look at, regard, consider etc. ; to see id est wait on, visit ; to see with the mind, learn, understand etc. ; to notice, care for, look into, try, examine ; to see by divine intuition, think or find out, compose, contrive (hymns, rites, etc.) : Passive voice dṛśy/ate- (Epic also ti-) Aorist ad/arśi- etc. to be seen, become visible, appear etc. ; to be shown or manifested, appear as (iva-), prove etc.: Causal P. A1. darśayati-, te- etc. ; Aorist adīdṛśat- ; adadarśat- , to cause to see or be seen, to show a thing (A1. especially of something belonging to one's self) or person (P.and A1.with or scilicet ātmānam-,also one's self) , to (accusative etc.; genitive case etc.; dative case etc.; instrumental case after A1.refl. ) ; to show = prove, demonstrate etc. ; to produce (money) id est pay ; (a witness) , : Desiderative A1. didṛkṣate- (Epic also ti-) to wish to see, long for (accusative) etc.: Desiderative of Causal didarśayiṣati-, to wish to show ; adidarśayiṣīt- : Intensive darīdṛśyate-, to be always visible ; darīdarṣṭi- or dard- [ confer, compare Greek , ; Gothic tarhjan.] |
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| दुह् | (originally dugh- see d/ughāna-, dugha-etc., and the initial dh-of some forms) cl.2 P.A1. dogdhi- ; dugdhe- or duh/e- etc. (plural A1. duhat/e-, ; duhrate-, ; duhr/e-, ; imperfect tense P. /adhok-, ; duh/ur- ; A1. adugdha-[according to Aorist ] plural aduhra-,i sg. aduha- plural hra- [ see ]; imperative dhukṣva- sg. duh/ām- ; plural duhr/ām-, r/atām- ; dhuṅgdhvam- ; subjunctive dohat-[3 plural hān- ], hate- ; Potential duhīyat- ; y/an-, ; A1. hīta-, ; parasmE-pada P. duh/at- A1. duhān/a-, d/uhāna-,and d/ugh- ; cl.6 P. A1. duh/ati-, te- etc.; cl.4. duhyati-, te- ; perfect tense dud/oha-[ hitha- ], duduh/e-,3 plural duduhur-[ dudūhur- ] etc.; A1. duduhre- [ hrire-]; future dhokṣyati-, te- ; Aorist /adhukṣat-, ṣata-[3 sg. plural ], adukṣat-, ; dukṣata-,3 sg. ; imperative dhukṣ/asva- ; Potential dhukṣīm/ahi- ; infinitive mood dogdhum- etc.; dogdhos- ; duh/adhyai-and doh/ase- ; ind.p. dugdhvā- ) to milk (a cow or an udder) figuratively take advantage of (see) , enjoy ; to milk or squeeze out, extract (milk, soma- exempli gratia, 'for example' any good thing) ; draw anything out of another thing (with 2 accusative) etc. ; (mostly A1.) to give milk, yield any desired object (accusative,rarely genitive case) etc. etc.: Passive voice duhy/ate- Aorist adohi- ( ) to be milked, to be drawn or extracted from etc.: Causal doh/ayati-, te- Aorist adūduhat- Passive voice dohy/ate-, to cause to milk or be milked ; to milk, milk out, extract : Desiderative d/udukṣati- (), dudhukṣati- ( see dudhukṣu-), to wish to milk. |
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| दुरस्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to wish to hurt or injure |
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| दुवस्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to honour, worship, celebrate, reward ; give as a reward, . |
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| गा | cl.3 P. j/igāti- (; jagāti-, (varia lectio); subjunctive j/igāt-; imperative j/igātu-; Aorist agāt-;3. plural agan- ; subjunctive [1. sg. geṣam-See anu--and upa--],2. sg. g/ās-,3. sg. gāt-,2. plural gāt/a-,3. plural gur-;[ perf. jigāya-See ud--], perf. Potential jagāyāt-[ ] ; infinitive mood g/ātave- ;in Class. Sanskrit only the Aorist P. agāt-occurs, for A1.See adhi--; Aorist Passive voice agāyi-, agāsātām- on ; cl.2 P. g/āti- ; A1. gāte- ) to go, go towards, come, approach (with accusative or locative case) etc. ; to go after, pursue ; to fall to one's (dative case) share, be one's (accusative) due, ; to come into any state or condition (accusative), undergo, obtain etc. ; to go away (from ablative;to any place locative case) ; to come to an end ; to walk (on a path accusative or instrumental case) ; (jigāti-) to be born on : Desiderative jigīṣati-, to desire to go ; ([ confer, compare , ; Old German ga1m,ga1s,etc.; Gothic ga-tvo; English go.]) |
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| गत् | gat/a-, g/ati-, etc. See gam-. |
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| गवाम्पति | m. (g/avām p/ati- )"cow-lord" , a bull |
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| गोपाय | Nom. P. (fr. go-p/ā-; see gup-) y/ati- (see ; Aorist agopāyīt- ), to represent a cowherd, act like a herdsman ; to guard, protect, preserve etc. ; to hide, conceal (Passive voice gopāyyate-) : Causal gopāyayati-, to preserve, protect (see abhi--, pari--.) |
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| गॄ | cl.9 P. A1. gṛṇ/āti-, ṇīt/e- (1. sg. A1.and 3. sg. Passive voice gṛṇ/e- ;1. sg. A1. gṛṇīṣ/e- ;2. plural gṛṇ/atā- ; parasmE-pada P. gṛṇ/at- etc.; A1.& Passive voice gṛṇān/a- ;Ved. infinitive mood imperative gṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ), to call, call out to, invoke ; to announce, proclaim ; to mention with praise, praise, extol ; to pronounce, recite ; to relate, teach in verses, ; ([ confer, compare , ; Hibernian or Irish goirim; Old German quar,quir,etc.; Old Pruss.gerbu,"to speak"; Anglo-Saxon gale; German Nachtigal; Latin gallus?]) |
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| ग्रह् | ([ in a few passages only etc.]) or grabh- ([ ;rarely ]) cl.9 P. gṛbhṇāti- gṛhṇ/āti- (also A1. gṛhṇīte-,irreg. gṛhṇate- ;3. plural gṛbhṇate- ; imperative 2. sg. gṛhāṇ/a-,[ ṇ/ā-, saṃhitā-pāṭha-, parasmE-pada Passive voice Nominal verb plural n. ] etc.; gṛbhṇān/a-& gṛhṇ-[Ved.]; gṛhṇa- ; -gṛhṇāhi-, -gṛbhṇīhi-See prati-grabh-; A1. gṛbhṇīṣva-[ ] or gṛhṇ-;3. sg. P. gṛhṇītāt-;Ved. imperative gṛbhāy/a-etc.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ya- confer, compare gṛhaya-; perf. jagrāha- etc.;1. sg. gr/abhā- ; gṛbhm/a- ; A1. gṛhe-, ;3. plural gṛbhr/e-& gṛbhrir/e- ; P. Potential gṛbhyāt-, ; parasmE-pada gṛbhv/as-, ; future 2nd grahīṣyati-, te- etc.[ confer, compare ];sometimes wrongly spelt gṛh- ; grahiṣy- ; Conditional agrahaiṣyat- ; future 1st grahītā- ; Aorist agrabham- ; bhīt- etc.; hīt-[ ] etc.; -/ajagrabhīt-etc.See saṃ-grah-; subjunctive 2. plural grabhīṣṭa- ; A1. agrahīṣṭa- ; aghṛkṣata- [not in ];Ved. 3. plural agṛbhran-[ ] and agṛbhīṣata-; ind.p. gṛbhītv/ā- ; gṛhītv/ā-, ; grahāya- ; infinitive mood grahītum-[ etc.; confer, compare ;wrongly spelt gṛh- ]; Passive voice gṛhyate-[ future 1st grahītā-or grāhitā- future 2nd grahīṣyate-or grāhiṣy- Aorist agrāhi-,3. dual number agrahīṣātām-or agrāhiṣ- ];Ved. subjunctive 3. plural gṛhyāntai- on ;Ved. Passive voice 3. sg. gṛhate-[ ]or gṛhe-[ ] or gṛhaye-[ ; confer, compare gṛhaya-]; subjunctive 1. plural gṛhāmahi- ; Potential gṛhīta- ) to seize, take (by the hand, pāṇau-or kare-,exceptionally pāṇim-(double accusative) ; confer, compare ), grasp, lay hold of (exempli gratia, 'for example' pakṣaṃ-,to take a side, adopt a party ; pāṇim-,"to take by the hand in the marriage ceremony", marry etc.) etc. ; to arrest, stop ; to catch, take captive, take prisoner, capture, imprison etc. ; to take possession of, gain over, captivate ; to seize, overpower (especially said of diseases and demons and the punishments of varuṇa-) etc. ; to eclipse ; to abstract, take away (by robbery) ; to lay the hand on, claim ; to gain, win, obtain, receive, accept (from ablative,rarely genitive case), keep etc. (with double accusative ) ; to acquire by purchase (with instrumental case of the price) etc. ; to choose ; to choose any one (accusative) as a wife ; to take up (a fluid with any small vessel), draw water ; to pluck, pick, gather ; to collect a store of anything ; to use, put on (clothes) i etc. ; to assume (a shape) ; to place upon (instrumental case or locative case) ; to include ; to take on one's self, undertake, undergo, begin etc. ; to receive hospitably (a guest), take back (a divorced wife) ; "to take into the mouth", mention, name etc. ; to perceive (with the organs of sense or with m/anas-), observe, recognise etc. ; (in astronomy) to observe ; to receive into the mind, apprehend, understand, learn ; (in astronomy) to calculate ; to accept, admit, approve ; to obey, follow ; to take for, consider as etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant by (instrumental case) and Scholiast or Commentator : Causal grāhayati-, to cause to take or seize or lay hold of ; to cause to take (by the hand[ pāṇim-]in the marriage ceremony) ; to cause to marry, give away a girl (accusative) in marriage to any one (accusative) ; to cause any one to be captured ; to cause any one to be seized or overpowered (as by varuṇa-'s punishments or death etc.) ; to cause to be taken away ; to make any one take, deliver anything (accusative) over to any one (accusative; exempli gratia, 'for example' āsanam-with accusative"to cause to take a seat, bid any one to sit down") ; to make any one choose (Aorist ajigrahat-) ; to make any one learn, make acquainted or familiar with (accusative) etc.: Desiderative jighṛkṣati- (confer, compare ), also te-, to be about to seize or take ; to be about to eclipse ; to be about to take away ; to desire to perceive (with the organs of sense), strive to apprehend or recognise : Intensive jarīgṛhyate- ; ([ confer, compare Zend gerep,geurv; Gothic greipa; German greife; Lithuanian gre1bju; Slavonic or Slavonian grablju1; Hibernian or Irish grabaim,"I devour, stop."]) |
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| ग्रन्थ् | or grath- cl.9 P. grathn/āti- (future parasmE-pada granthiṣyat- ; perf. 3. plural jagranthur-or grethur- ; ind.p. granthitvā-or grath-, ), to fasten, tie or string together, arrange, connect in a regular series ; to string words together, compose (a literary work) : cl.1 P. A1. grathati-, te- (varia lectio) ; P. granthati-, ; A1. granthate- (Aorist agranthiṣṭa-), to be strung together or composed (a literary work), on : Causal P. A1. granthayati-, te-, to string together ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin glut-en?]) |
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| ग्रथ् | or granth- cl.9 P. grathn/āti- (future parasmE-pada granthiṣyat- ; perf. 3. plural jagranthur-or grethur- ; ind.p. granthitvā-or grath-, ), to fasten, tie or string together, arrange, connect in a regular series ; to string words together, compose (a literary work) : cl.1 P. A1. grathati-, te- (varia lectio) ; P. granthati-, ; A1. granthate- (Aorist agranthiṣṭa-), to be strung together or composed (a literary work), on : Causal P. A1. granthayati-, te-, to string together ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin glut-en?]) |
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| गृभाय | Nom. P. y/ati- (see vArttika;only imperative y/a-and y/ata-; see anu--, ā-saṃ--, ud--, prati--, saṃ--, sam-ā-grah-;fr. gṛbhāya-are to be derived the forms of grah-(q.v)beginning with gṛbhī-, grabhī-, gṛhī-, grahī-), to grasp, seize |
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| हन् | cl.2 P. () hanti- (3. dual number hat/aḥ-,3. plural ghnanti-;rarely A1. hate-,3. plural ghnate-;and cl.1. hanati-, Vedic or Veda also jighnate-, ti-; Potential hanyāt- also h/anīta-, ghnīta-; imperative jah/i- handh/i-; imperfect tense /ahan-, Vedic or Veda and Epic also ahanat-, ahanan-, aghnanta-; parasmE-pada jaghnat-, ghnamāna- ; perfect tense jagh/āna-, jaghn/uḥ- Epic also jaghne-, nire- subjunctive jagh/anat- ; parasmE-pada jaghniv/as-, Vedic or Veda also jaghanvas-; Aorist ahānīt- [ confer, compare vadh-]; future hantā- ; haṃsyati- ; haniṣy/ati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood h/antum-,Ved. also h/antave-, tav/ai-, toḥ-; ind.p. hatv/ā-,Ved. also tv/ī-, tvāya-, -hatya-; -hanya- ; -gh/ātam- etc.) , to strike, beat (also a drum) , pound, hammer (accusative), strike etc. upon (locative case) etc. ; to smite, slay, hit, kill, mar, destroy ; to put to death, cause to be executed ; to strike off ; to ward off, avert ; to hurt, wound (the heart) ; to hurl (a dart) upon (genitive case) ; (in astronomy) to touch, come into contact ; to obstruct, hinder ; to repress, give up, abandon (anger, sorrow etc.) ; (?) to go, move : Passive voice hany/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist avadhi-or aghāni-), to be struck or killed etc. etc.: Causal ghātayati-, te- (properly a Nom.fr. ghāta- q.v; Aorist ajīghatat-or ajīghanat-), to cause to be slain or killed, kill, slay, put to death, punish etc. ; to notify a person's death (kaṃsaṃ ghātayati- equals kaṃsa-vadham ācaṣṭe-) Va1rtt. 6 ; to mar, destroy (varia lectio): Desiderative j/ighāṃsati-, te- (Potential jighāṃsīyat- ; imperfect tense ajighāṃsīḥ- ), to wish to kill or destroy etc. etc.: Intensive j/aṅghanti- (; parasmE-pada jaṅghanat-, j/aṅghnat-or gh/anighnat-), jaṅghanyate- (with pass. sense ), jeghnīyate- () , to strike = tread upon (locative case or accusative) ; to slay, kill ; to dispel (darkness) , destroy (evil, harm) ; to hurt, injure, wound [ confer, compare Greek , ; , ; Latin de-fendere,of-fendere; Lit.genu,gi4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian gu8nati.] |
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| हर्य् | cl.1 P. () hary/ati- (rarelyA. te-; pr. p. P. h/aryat-,or hary/at-[see below]A. h/aryamāṇa-), to like, delight in, be fond of or pleased with, yearn after, long for (accusative or locative case) ; to go ; to threaten : Intensive jāharyīti-, jāharti-, jāharyati- [ confer, compare Greek .] |
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| हि | (see hay-) cl.5 P. () hin/oti- (Vedic or Veda also hinut/e-, h/invati-and hinv/ati-, te-; parasmE-pada hinvān/a-[with act. and pass. sense] ; h/ayat- : sg. hiṣe- ; perfect tense jighāya-, jighyuḥ- etc.; jighye-[with pass. sense] ; Aorist /ahema- /ahema-, ahyan-, heta- parasmE-pada hiyān/a-[with pass. sense] ; ahyam-[?], /ahait- ; ahaiṣīt- ; aheṣata- ; future hetā- grammar; heṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood -hy/e- ), to send forth, set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on (A1.also intrans.) ; to stimulate or incite to (dative case) ; to assist or help to (dative case) ; to discharge, hurl, cast, shoot ; to convey, bring, procure ; to forsake, abandon, get rid of ; (hinvati-) to gladden, delight : Passive voice hīyate- (Aorist ahāyi-) grammar : Causal hāyuyati- (Aorist ajīhayat-) : Desiderative of Causal jihāpayiṣati- : Desiderative jighīṣati- : Intensive jeghīyate-, jeghayīti-, jegheti- |
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| हु | cl.3 P. () juh/oti- (Ved. and Epic also A1. juhut/e-3. plural proper j/uh-3. plural proper j/uhvati-, te- etc.;2. sg. imperative juhudh/i- etc.; hoṣi- ; parasmE-pada P. j/uhvat-; A1. j/uhvāna-[also with pass. sense];3. plural imperfect tense /ajuhavuḥ- ; perfect tense P. juhāva-, juhuvuḥ- ; A1. juhuve- ; juhv/e-, juhur/e- ; juhvire- ; juhavāṃ-cakāra- ; juhavām-āsa- ; Aorist ahauṣīt- etc.; preceding hūyāt- grammar; future hotā- ; hoṣy/ati-, te- etc.; Conditional ahoṣyat- ; infinitive mood h/otum-, tos-, tav/ai-,and ind.p. hutvā- etc.) , to sacrifice (especially pour butter into the fire) , offer or present an oblation (accusative or genitive case) to (dative case) or in (locative case), sacrifice to, worship or honour (accusative) with (instrumental case) etc. ; to sprinkle on (locative case) ; to eat : Passive voice hūy/ate- (Aorist /ahāvi-), to be offered or sacrificed etc. etc.: Causal hāvayati- (Aorist ajūhavat-), to cause to sacrifice or to be sacrificed or to be honoured with sacrifice etc.: Desiderative juhūṣati-, to wish to sacrifice : Intensive johavīti- (imperfect tense ajohavīt-or ajuhavīt- ), johūyate-, johoti- (grammar), to offer oblations repeatedly or abundantly. [ confer, compare Greek in (for) , , ; Latin fu1tis,"water-pot."] |
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| ह्वे | cl.1 P. A1. () hv/ayati-, te- (Vedic or Veda also h/avate-and huv/ati-, te-; other present forms are hve- ; hvāmahe- ; h/oma-, hūm/ahe-, juhūm/asi- ; p. huvān/a-[with pass. sense] ; hvayāna- ; perfect tense juhāva-, juhuvuḥ- etc.; juhv/e-, juhūr/e- ; juhuve-, huhurire- ; hvayāṃ-āsa-and hvayāṃ-cakre- ; Aorist /ahvat-, ahvata-[or ahvāsta- ] etc. etc.; ahvi- ; /ahūmahi-, ahūṣata- ; ahvāsīt-[?] ; future hvātā- grammar; hvayiṣyati-, te- ; hvāsyate- ; infinitive mood Class. hvātum-; Vedic or Veda h/avitave-, hv/ayitum-, tav/ai-; huv/adhyai-; ind.p. Class. hūtvā-;Ved. -h/ūya-and -hāvam-), to call, call upon, summon, challenge, invoke (with nāmnā-,"to call by name"; with yuddhe-,"to challenge to fight") etc. ; to emulate, vie with : Passive voice hūy/ate- (Aorist /ahāvi-,or ahvāyi-), to be called etc. : Causal hvāyayati- (Aorist ajūhavat-or ajuhāvat-), to cause anyone (accusative) to be challenged by (instrumental case) : Desiderative juhūṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive johūyate- or j/ohavīti- (johuvanta-, ajohavuḥ-, j/ohuvat-, j/ohuvāna- ) or johoti- (grammar), to call on, invoke etc. [ confer, compare Greek .] |
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| इरस्य | Nom. P. irasy/ati-, to show enmity to, be angry or envious ; ([ confer, compare Latin ira,irasci.]) |
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| इष् | cl.1 P. eṣati- (See anu--1. iṣ-and pari--1. iṣ-) A1. eṣate-, to seek, search : cl.4 P. /iṣyati- and 9. P. A1. iṣṇ/āti- (parasmE-pada iṣṇ/at- iṣṇān/a- ; perfect tense 3. plural īṣus- īṣir/e- ; aiṣīt-; infinitive mood iṣ/adhyai- ) to cause to move quickly, let fly, throw, cast, swing ; to send out or off, stream out, pour out, discharge ; to deliver (a speech), announce, proclaim ; to impel, incite, animate, promote |
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| इष् | cl.6 P., Epic and Vedic or Veda also A1. ic-ch/ati- (subjunctive icchāt- ), icchate- (; imperfect tense aicchat-, iyeṣa-and īṣe-, eṣiṣyate-, aiṣīt-, eṣitum-or eṣṭum-), to endeavour to obtain, strive, seek for ; to endeavour to make favourable ; to desire, wish, long for, request ; to wish or be about to do anything, intend etc. ; to strive to obtain anything (accusative) from any one (ablative or locative case) ; to expect or ask anything from any one etc. ; to assent, be favourable, concede ; to choose ; to acknowledge, maintain, regard, think commentator or commentary Passive voice iṣyate-, to be wished or liked ; to be wanted etc. ; to be asked or requested ; to be prescribed or ordered ; to be approved or acknowledged ; to be accepted or regarded as etc. ; to be worth ; to be wanted as a desideratum See 2. iṣṭi-: Causal eṣayati-, (in surgery) to probe : Desiderative eṣiṣiṣati- ; [with iṣ- confer, compare Old German eisco7m,"I ask"; modern German heische; Anglo-Saxon a4sciani confer, compare also Greek , ; Lithuanian je0sko4ti; Russian iskate,"to seek."] |
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| इषुध्य | Nom. P. iṣudhy/ati-, to implore, request, crave for (dative case) ; ([ confer, compare Zend iṣud-,"prayer"; iṣūidyāmahi-,"we will pray."]) |
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| जगत्पति | m. the lord of the world (tas p/ati- ) |
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| जग्ध | n. see apa--, nṛ--, pari--, pr/ati--, vi--, saraṃga--. |
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| जागृ | cl.2. garti- (confer, compare ; cl.1. garati- sg. irregular gṛmi-, ;3. plural j/āgrati- etc.[ ]; imperative gṛh/i-, gṛtāt-, gṛtam-, gṛt/a-; subjunctive garat-; Potential gṛyāt-,or griy- ; imperfect tense /ajāgar-[ ] ; parasmE-pada j/āgrat-; rarely A1. jāgramāṇa- ; perfect tense Vedic or Veda jāg/āra-[ ] , 1. sg. g/ara-[ ], parasmE-pada gṛv/as-[see sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ]; perfect tense class.[ ] jajāgāra-or jāgaraṃ-cakāra-; future 2nd jāgriṣy/ati- etc.[A1. ]; future 1st ritā- Va1rtt. 1 ; Aorist ajāgarīt-, ; Passive voice impersonal or used impersonally ajagāri-, ; preceding jāgaryāt-, ) to be awake or watchful etc. ; to awake ; to watch over, be attentive to or intent on, care for, provide, superintend (with locative case or locative case with /adhi-) etc. (with accusative ) ; (said of fire) to go on burning ; to be evident ; to look on : Causal (Aorist 2. and 3. sg. /ajīgar- imperative jigṛt/am-, t/a-) to awaken ; jāgarayati-, (; Aorist Passive voice impersonal or used impersonally añāgari-or gāri- ) idem or 'n. saffron ' ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin vi1gilo.]) |
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| जि | cl.1. j/ayati-, te- (imperfect tense /ajayat-; Aorist ajaiṣīt-,Ved. /ajais-,1. plural /ajaiṣma-, j/eṣma-,2. sg. jes-and A1. j/eṣi- subjunctive j/eṣat-, ṣas-, ṣāma- ; Aorist A1. ajeṣṭa-; future 1st. j/etā- etc.; future jeṣy/ati-, ; perfect tense jig/āya-[ ], jigetha-, jigyur-; parasmE-pada jigīv/as-[ giv/as- ; accusative plural gy/uṣas-] etc.; infinitive mood jiṣ/e-, ; j/etave- ; Classical jetum-: Passive voice jīyate-, ajīyata-[ ], ajāyi-, jāyiṣyate-;for j/īyate-and cl.9. jin/āti-See jyā-) to win or acquire (by conquest or in gambling), conquer (in battle), vanquish (in a game or lawsuit), defeat, excel, surpass etc. (with p/unar-,"to reconquer" ) ; to conquer (the passions), overcome or remove (any desire or difficulties or diseases) etc. ; to expel from (ablative) ; to win anything (accusative) from (accusative), vanquish anyone (accusative) in a game (accusative) ; to be victorious, gain the upper hand ; often proper in the sense of an imperative "long live!""glory to" etc.: Causal jāpayati- () to cause to win ; (Aorist 2. pl, /ajījipata-and /ajījap-) ; to conquer (Aorist ajījayat-): Passive voice jāpyate-, to be made to conquer : Desiderative j/igīṣati-, te- (; parasmE-pada ṣat-, ṣamāṇa-) to wish to win or obtain or conquer or excel etc. ; (A1.) to seek for prey : Intensive jejīyate- |
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| जीव् | cl.1. j/īvati- (Epic also A1.; subjunctive vāti- ; vāt- ; parasmE-pada j/īvat-; Aorist ajivīt-; jīvīt- ; perfect tense jijīva-; future jīviṣy/ati-; preceding vy/āsam-, vyāsma- ; infinitive mood j/īvitum-, etc.;Ved. vāse- ; j/īvitavaī-. ) to live, be or remain alive etc. ; to revive ; (with punar-) ; to live by (instrumental case;exceptionally locative case, ) etc.: Causal jīv/ayati- (Epic also A1.; Aorist aījijvat-or ajijīv- ) to make alive, restore to life, vivify etc. ; to support life, keep alive etc. ; to nourish, bring up, ; to shout" jīva- " (id est long live!) ; jīvāpayati- (confer, compare pita-) to restore to life : Desiderative jijīviṣati- (A1. ) to wish to live etc. ; to seek a livelihood, wish to live by (instrumental case) ; j/ujyūṣati- idem or 'm. equals jīna- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 1. jyā-.' ; confer, compare jijyūṣita-; ([ confer, compare Latin vivo; Lithuanian gIve1nu.]) |
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| ज्ञा | cl.9 P.A1. jān/āti-, nit/e- (see ; subjunctive nat-; imperative nītat-,2. sg. nīh/i-,once irregular jña- ;[fr. cl.3.] jijāhi- ;2. plural irregular nata-. ;2. sg. A1. irregular nase- ; parasmE-pada n/at-, nān/a- irregular namāna-[ ]; perfect tense jajñau-, jñe-[ Passive voice ] , 3. plural jñ/ur- ; parasmE-pada jñān/a- ; future jñāsyati-, te-; Aorist ajñāsīt-, sta- Passive voice /ajñāyi-, ; Potential jñāyāt-or jñey- ;2. sg. jñeyas- equals ; infinitive mood jñātum-) to know, have knowledge, become acquainted with (accusative;rarely genitive case ), perceive, apprehend, understand (also with infinitive mood [ ] ) , experience, recognise, ascertain, investigate etc. ; to know as, know or perceive that, regard or consider as (with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tasya māṃ tanayāṃ jānīta-,"know me to be his daughter" ;with mṛṣā-,"to consider as untrue" ) etc. ; to acknowledge, approve, allow ; to recognise as one's own, take possession of ; to visit as a friend ; to remember (with genitive case) ; A1. to engage in (genitive case exempli gratia, 'for example' sarpiṣo-,"to make an oblation with clarified butter") : Causal jñapayati-, to teach any one (accusative) ; jñāp- (Passive voice jñāpyate-) to make known, announce, teach anything and ; to inform any one (genitive case) that (double accusative) ; A1. to request, ask (jñap-) (jñāp-): Desiderative jijñāsate- (; Epic also P.) to wish to know or become acquainted with or learn, investigate, examine etc. ; to wish for information about (accusative) ; to conjecture : Causal Desiderative jijñapayiṣati- (also jñāp- ) and jñīpsati- (see psyamāna-), to wish to make known or inform ; ([ see etc.]) |
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| जू | (see jinv-), cl.1.A1. cl.9. P. j/avate-, jun/āti- ( ju- cl.1 P. javati- varia lectio;a sautra- root ; subjunctive 2. sg. jun/ās-; Aorist subjunctive jūjuvat-; perfect tense 3. plural jūjuvur-) to press forwards, hurry on, be quick ; to impel quickly, urge or drive on, incite ; to scare ; to excite, promote, animate, inspire : Causal Aorist ajījavat- : Causal Desiderative jijavayiṣati- ; see pra--. |
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| ज्या | (see ji-) cl.9 P. jin/āti- (Potential nīy/āt-; parasmE-pada n/at-; perfect tense jijy/au-; future jyāsyati- ; ind.p. -jyāya-, ) Vedic or Veda to overpower, oppress, deprive any one (accusative) of property (accusative) etc. ; (derived fr. jy/āyas-,"senior") to become old : cl.4 A1. j/īyate- or Passive voice y/ate-, Vedic or Veda to be oppressed or treated badly, be deprived of property (or everything, sarva-jyān/im- ) etc.: Causal jyāpayati-, to call any one old : Desiderative (parasmE-pada j/ijyāsat-) to wish to overpower : Intensive jejīyate- ; see pari-- ; . |
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| कण्डूय | Nom. P. A1. kaṇḍūy/ati-, -te-, to scratch, scrape, rub etc. ; to itch, : Passive voice kaṇḍūyate-, to be scratched : Desiderative kaṇḍūyiyiṣati- vArttika on |
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| कतिकृत्वस् | ind. how many times? (see k/ati-, k/ṛtvas- ) |
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| खुद् | cl.6 P. khud/ati-, to sport wantonly or amorously : Intensive (parasmE-pada canīkhudat-) idem or ' cl.1 A1. ḍate-, to break in pieces ; to limp : cl.10 P. khuṇḍayati- (varia lectio khoḍayati- see kṣodayati-fr. kṣudr/a-), to break in pieces ' ; (k/anīkhunat-,fr. khun-) |
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| किरिट | See /ati-kir-. |
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| कृ | Ved. (I) cl.2 P. 2. sg. k/arṣi- dual number kṛth/as- plural kṛth/a-; A1. 2. sg. kṛṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. /akar-, 3. sg. rarely /akat- () ; 3. dual number /akartām-; plural /akarma-, /akarta- (also ), /akran- (Aorist,according to ); A1. /akri- (), /akṛthās- (), /akṛta- (); akrātām- (), /akrata- ( ) : imperative kṛdh/i- (also ), kṛt/am-, kṛt/a-; A1. kṛṣv/a-, kṛdhv/am-; subjunctive 2. and 3. sg. kar- plural k/arma-, k/arta- and kartana-, kran-; A1. 3. sg. kṛta- () , 3. plural kr/anta- () : Potential kriyāma- (); pr. p. P. (Nominal verb plural) kr/antas- A1. krāṇ/a-. (II) cl.1 P. k/arasi-, k/arati-, k/arathas-, k/aratas-, k/aranti-; A1. k/arase-, k/arate-, k/arāmahe-: imperfect tense /akaram-, /akaras-, /akarat- (Aorist,according to ) : imperative k/ara-, k/aratam-, k/aratām-: subjunctive k/aram-, k/arāṇi-, k/aras-, k/arat-, k/arāma-, k/aran-; A1. karāmahai-; pr. p. f. k/arantī- () (III) cl.5 P. kṛṇ/omi-, ṇ/oṣi-, ṇ/oti-, kṛṇuth/as-, kṛṇm/as- and kṛṇmasi-, kṛṇuth/a-, kṛṇv/anti-; A1. kṛṇv/e-, kṛṇuṣ/e-, kṛṇut/e-, 3. dual number kṛṇv/aite- (); plural kṛṇm/ahe-, kṛṇv/ate-: imperfect tense /akṛṇos-, /akṛṇot-, /akṛṇutam-, /akṛṇuta- and ṇotana- (), /akṛṇvan-; A1. 3. sg. /akṛṇuta- plural /akṛṇudhvam-, /akṛṇvata-: imperative kṛṇ/u- or kṛṇuh/i- or kṛṇut/āt-, kṛṇ/otu-, kṛṇut/am-, kṛṇut/ām-, 2. plural kṛṇut/a- or kṛṇ/ota- or kṛṇ/otana-, 3. plural kṛṇv/antu-; A1. kṛṇuṣv/a-, kṛṇut/ām-, kṛṇv/āthām-, kṛṇudhv/am-: subjunctive kṛṇ/avas-, ṇ/avat- or ṇ/avāt-, kṛṇ/avāva-, ṇ/avāma-, ṇ/avātha-, ṇ/avatha-, ṇ/avan-; A1. kṛṇ/avai- (once ṇavā- ), kṛṇavase- (also varia lectio ṇvase-), kṛṇavate-, kṛṇ/avāvahai-, kṛṇ/avāmahai-, 3. plural kṛṇ/avanta- () or kṛṇavante- or kṛṇvata- () : Potential A1. kṛṇvīt/a-; pr. p. P. kṛṇv/at- (f. vat/ī-) A1. kṛṇvāṇ/a-. (IV) cl.8. (this is the usual formation in the brāhmaṇa-s; sūtra-s, and in classical Sanskrit) P. kar/omi- (Epic kurmi- ); kurv/as-, kuruth/as-, kurut/as-, kurm/as- ([ kulmas-in an interpolation after ]), kuruth/a-, kurv/anti-; A1. kurv/e-, etc., 3. plural kurv/ate- () : imperfect tense akaravam-, akaros-, akarot-, akurva-, etc.; A1. 3. sg. akuruta- plural akurvata-: imperative kuru-, karotu- (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. kurutāt-,3. sg. also ), kuruta- or kurutana- (); A1. kuruṣva-, kurudhvam-, kurv/atām-: subjunctive karavāṇi-, karavas-, vāt-, vāva- or vāvas- ( ), vāma- or vāmas- (), vātha-, van-; A1. karavai-, kuruthās-, karavāvahai- (; he- ), karavaithe-, vaite- ( , ), vāmahai-(he- ) : Potential P. kuryām- A1. kurvīya- (); pr. p. P. kurv/at- (f. vat/ī-); A1. kurvāṇ/a-: perf. P. cak/āra-, cak/artha-, cakṛv/a-, cakṛm/a-, cakr/a- (); A1. cakr/e-, cakrir/e-; parasmE-pada cakṛvas- (accusative cakr/uṣam- ); A1. cakrāṇa- () : 2nd future kariṣy/ati-; subjunctive 2. sg. kariṣy/ās- (); 1st future k/artā-: preceding kriyāsam-: Aorist P. Ved. cakaram- (), acakrat- (), /acakriran- (); A1. 1. sg. kṛske- (); Class. akārṣīt- ( ;once akāraṣīt- ); Passive voice Aorist reflex. akāri- and akṛta- ( ) : infinitive mood k/artum-, Ved. k/artave-, k/artav/ai-, k/artos- (See ss.vv.); ind.p. kṛtv/ā-, Ved. kṛtv/ī- ([ ]) and kṛtv/āya- ([ ]) ; to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake etc. ; to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to execute, carry out (as an order or command) ; to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build ; to form or construct one thing out of another (ablative or instrumental case) etc. ; to employ, use, make use of (instrumental case) etc. ; to compose, describe ; to cultivate (confer, compare ) ; to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (exempli gratia, 'for example' varṣāṇi daśa cakruḥ-,"they spent ten years"; kṣaṇaṃ kuru-,"wait a moment"; confer, compare kritakṣaṇa-) ; to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (accusative or locative case or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' ardh/aṃ-kṛ-,to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in(genitive case;See 2. ardh/a-); haste-or pāṇau-kṛ-,to take by the hand, marry ; hṛdayena-kṛ-,to place in one's heart, love ; hṛdi-kṛ-,to take to heart, mind, think over, consider ; manasi-kṛ- idem or 'f. (equals kuhī-) a fog ' ;to determine, purpose [ ind.p. si-kṛtvā-or si-kṛtya-] ; vaśe-kṛ-,to place in subjection, become master of ) ; to direct the thoughts, mind, etc. (m/anas-[ etc.] or buddhim-[ ] or matim-[ ]or bhāvam-[ ], etc.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (locative case dative case infinitive mood,or a sentence with iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' mā śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ-,do not turn your mind to grief ; gamanāya matiṃ cakre-,he resolved upon going ; alābuṃ samutsraṣṭuṃ manaś cakre-,he resolved to create a gourd ; draṣṭā tavāsmīti matiṃ cakāra-,he determined to see him ) ; to think of (accusative) ; to make, render (with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' ādityaṃ kāṣṭhām akurvata-,they made the sun their goal ) etc. ; to procure for another, bestow, grant (with genitive case or locative case) etc. ; A1. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume ; to give aid, help any one to get anything (dative case) ; to make liable to (dative case) ; to injure, violate (exempli gratia, 'for example' kanyāṃ-kṛ-,to violate a maiden) ; to appoint, institute ; to give an order, commission ; to cause to get rid of, free from (ablative or -tas-) ; to begin (exempli gratia, 'for example' cakre śobhayitum purīm-,they began to adorn the city) ; to proceed, act, put in practice etc. ; to worship, sacrifice ; to make a sound (svaram-or śabdam-) ( ), utter, pronounce (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' with the sounds phaṭ-, phut-, bhāṇ-, v/aṣaṭ-, svadh/ā-, sv/āhā-, hiṃ-), pronounce any formula () ; (with numeral adverbs ending in dhā-) to divide, separate or break up into parts (exempli gratia, 'for example' dvidhā-kṛ-,to divide into two parts, ind.p. dvidhā kṛtvā-or dvidhā-kṛtya-or -kāram- ; sahasradhā-kṛ-,to break into a thousand pieces) ; (with adverbs ending in vat-) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (exempli gratia, 'for example' rājyaṃ tṛṇa-vat kṛtvā-,valuing the kingdom like a straw ) ; (with adverbs ending in sāt-) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (See ātma-sāt-, bhasma-sāt-) The above senses of kṛ- may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: sakhyaṃ-kṛ-, to contract friendship with ; pūjāṃ-kṛ-, to honour ; rājyaṃ-kṛ-, to reign ; snehaṃ-kṛ-, to show affection ; ājñāṃ- or nideśaṃ- or śāsanaṃ- or kāmaṃ- or yācanāṃ- or vacaḥ- or vacanaṃ- or vākyaṃ-kṛ-, to perform any one's command or wish or request etc. ; dharmaṃ-kṛ-, to do one's duty ; nakhāni-kṛ-,"to clean one's nails" See kṛta-nakha- ; udakaṃ- ([ ]) or salilaṃ- ([ ]) kṛ-, to offer a libation of Water to the dead ; to perform ablutions ; astrāṇi-kṛ-, to practise the use of weapons ; darduraṃ-kṛ-, to breathe the flute ; daṇḍaṃ-kṛ-, to inflict punishment etc. ; kālaṃ-kṛ-, to bring one's time to an end id est to die ; ciraṃ-kṛ-, to be long in doing anything, delay ; manasā- (for si-See above) kṛ-, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate ; śirasā-kṛ-, to place on one's the head ; mūrdhnā-kṛ-, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in veda- () , but commonly in the brāhmaṇa-s, sūtra-s, and especially in classical Sanskrit the perf. forms cakāra-and cakre- auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives exempli gratia, 'for example' āsāṃ cakre-,"he sat down" ; gamay/āṃ cakāra-,"he caused to go"[see ;in veda- some other forms of kṛ-are used in a similar way, viz. proper karoti- ; imperfect tense akar- and ;3. plural akran- and ; preceding kriyāt- (See );according to , also karotu-with vid-]. Causal kārayati-, te-, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double accusative instrumental case and accusative [see ] exempli gratia, 'for example' sabhāṃ kāritavān-,he caused an assembly to be made ; rāja-darśanaṃ māṃ kāraya-,cause me to have an audience of the king; vāṇijyaṃ kārayed vaiśyam-,he ought to cause the vaiśya- to engage in trade ; na śakṣyāmi kiṃcit kārayituṃ tvayā-,I shall not be able to have anything done by thee ) ; to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate etc. ; to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, etc. (exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ citrapaṭaṃ vāsa-gṛhe bhittāv akārayat-,he had the picture placed on the wall in his house ) . Sometimes the Causal of kṛ- is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (exempli gratia, 'for example' padaṃ kārayati-,he pronounces a word ; mithyā k-,he pronounces wrongly ; kaikeyīm anu rājānaṃ kāraya-,treat or deal with kaikeyī- as the king does ) : Desiderative c/ikīrṣati- (Aorist 2. sg. acikīrṣīs- ) , Epic also te-, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after etc. ; to wish to sacrifice or worship : Intensive 3. plural karikrati- (pr. p. k/arikrat-See ), to do repeatedly ; Class. carkarti- or carikarti- or carīkarti- ([ ]) , also carkarīti- or carikarīti- or carīkarīti- or cekrīyate- ([ib. Scholiast or Commentator ]); ([ confer, compare Hibernian or Irish caraim,"I perform, execute";ceard,"an art, trade, business, function";sucridh,"easy"; Old German karawan,"to prepare"; modern German gar,"prepared (as food)"; Latin creo,ceremonia;, .]) |
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| कॄ | cl.6 P. kir/ati- (; perf. -cakāra- ; 2nd future kariṣyati-; 1st future karitā-or karītā- ; Aorist akārīt-[Ved. s/aṃ k/āriṣat-]; ind.p. -kīrya-; Passive voice kīryate-), to pour out, scatter, throw, cast, disperse etc. ; to throw up in a heap, heap up : A1. kirate-, to throw off from one's self : P. to strew, pour over, fill with, cover with ; (perf. 3. plural cakarur-) : Desiderative cikariṣati- : Intensive cākarti- ; ([ confer, compare Greek , .]) |
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| कॄ | (or varia lectio kṛ-) cl.5.9.P.A1. kṛṇoti-, ṇute-, ṇāti-, ṇīte-, to hurt, injure, kill ; kṛṇv/ati- |
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| क्रतूय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to exert the intellect |
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| क्री | cl.9 P. A1. krīṇ/āti-, krīṇīte- (future parasmE-pada kreṣyat- ; ind.p. krīv/ā- ), to buy, purchase (with instrumental case of the price, and ablative or genitive case of the person from whom anything is bought exempli gratia, 'for example' k/a im/am indraṃ daś/abhir dhen/ubhir m/ama krīṇāti-,who will buy this indra- of me for ten cows? ; yam mātā-pitror antikāt-[or sakāśāt-] krīṇīyāt-whom he may buy from his father and mother ; krīṇīṣva tad daśabhiḥ suvarṇaih-,buy that for ten suvarṇa-s): Causal P. krāpayati- ([ confer, compare Hibernian or Irish creanaim,"I buy, purchase" ; Greek Lithuanian prekis,perku(?); Latin pretium; English hire.]) |
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| कृपण्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to wish, desire, pray for ; = arc- |
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| कृपाय | Nom. A1. yate- (Potential yīta-), to mourn, grieve, lament ; to have pity : P. y/ati-, to praise (see kṛpaṇy/u-) |
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| कृष् | cl.1 P. k/arṣati-, rarely A1. te- (perf. cakarṣa-,2. sg. ṣitha- ; future karkṣyati-or krakṣy-; kṛṣiṣy- ; karṣṭā-or kraṣṭā- ; Aorist akṛkṣat-[or akārkṣīt-]or akrākṣīt-, Va1rtt. 7; infinitive mood kraṣṭum-), to draw, draw to one's self, drag, pull, drag away, tear etc. ; to lead or conduct (as an army) ; to bend (a bow) ; to draw into one's power, become master of, overpower ; to obtain ; to take away anything (accusative) from any one (accusative) ; to draw or make furrows, plough (A1.) (ind.p. kṛṣṭvā-): cl.6 P. A1. kṛṣ/ati-, te- (parasmE-pada kṛṣ/at-), to draw or make furrows, plough etc. ; A1. to obtain by ploughing ; to travel over : Causal karṣayati-, to draw, drag (Aorist 1. sg. acikṛṣam-) ; to draw or tear out ; to pull to and fro, cause pain, torture, torment etc. ; "to plough" See karṣita-: Intensive (pr. p. and subjunctive 3. sg. c/arkṛṣat-; imperfect tense 3. plural acarkṛṣur-) to plough ; carīkṛṣyate- or Vedic or Veda karīk-, to plough repeatedly ([ confer, compare Lithuanian karszu,pleszau; Russian c8eshu; Latin verro,vello; Gothic falh.]) |
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| कृष्टि | f. plural (once only sg. ) men, races of men (sometimes with the epithet m/ānuṣīs-[ ] or n/āhuṣīs-[ ] or mānav/īs-[ ]; see carṣaṇ/i-;originally the word may have meant cultivated ground, then an inhabited land, next its inhabitants, and lastly any race of men; indra- and agni- have the N. r/ājā-or p/atiḥ kṛṣṭīn/ām-;the term p/añca kṛṣṭ/ayas-,perhaps originally designating the five Aryan tribes of the yadu-s, turvaśa-s, druhyu-s, anu-s, and pūru-s, comprehends the whole human race, not only the Aryan tribes) |
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| कृत् | cl.6 P. kṛnt/ati-, Epic also A1. te- and cl.1 P. kartati- (perf. cakarta-,2nd future kartsyati-or kartiṣyati-,1st future kartitā- ; subjunctive kṛnt/at-; Aorist akartīt-,Ved. 2. sg. akṛtas-), to cut, cut in pieces, cut off, divide, tear asunder, destroy etc.: Causal kartayati- idem or 'f. plural idem or 'f. plural Name of the verses ' commentator or commentary ' : Desiderative cikartiṣati- or cikṛtsati- ; ([ confer, compare , ; Lithuanian kertu infinitive mood kirsti,"to cut"; Slavonic or Slavonian korju1,"to split"; Latin curtus,culter; Hibernian or Irish ceartaighim,"I prune, trim, cut";cuirc,"a knife."]) |
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| कृव् | = 1. kṛ- : kṛṇv/ati- See 2. kṝ-. |
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| क्षेत्र | n. (2. kṣi-) landed property, land, soil (kṣ/etrasya p/ati-,"lord of the soil", Name of a kind of tutelary deity ;also kṣ/etrasya p/atnī-,"mistress of the soil", and kṣ/etrāṇām p/ati-,"the lord of the soil", Name of tutelary deities ) |
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| क्षेत्रपति | m. equals kṣ/etrasya p/ati- (See s. v. kṣ/etra-) |
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| क्षि | cl.2.6.P. kṣ/eti-, kṣiy/ati- ; (3. dual number kṣit/as-,3. plural kṣiyanti-; subjunctive 2. sg. kṣayat-,2. sg. kṣ/ayas-,3. dual number kṣayatas-,1. plural kṣ/ayāma-; pr. p. kṣiy/at-; Aorist subjunctive kṣeṣat-; future parasmE-pada kṣeṣy/at-), to abide, stay, dwell, reside (used especially of an undisturbed or secret residence) ; to remain, be quiet ; to inhabit ; to go, move (kṣ/iyati-) : Causal (imperative 2. sg. kṣay/ayā-; subjunctive kṣepayat-) to make a person live quietly ; ([ confer, compare Greek .]) |
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| क्षि | cl.1 P. kṣayati- (only once ) cl.5 P. kṣiṇoti- ( etc.;1. sg. kṣiṇ/omi- for ṇ/āmi-of ) cl.9 P. kṣiṇ/āti- (3. plural kṣiṇ/anti-; perf. 3. dual number cikṣiyatur- on ), to destroy, corrupt, ruin, make an end of (accusative), kill, injure etc.: Passive voice kṣīy/ate- (;3. plural kṣ/īyante- ; Aorist subjunctive kṣeṣṭa-[ ] or kṣāyi- ; Conditional akṣeṣyata- ), to be diminished, decrease, wane (as the moon) , waste away, perish etc. ; to pass (said of the night) : Causal P. kṣapayati- (future yiṣyati-), rarely A1. te- ( ) , very rarely kṣayayati- ( edition Calc.) , to destroy, ruin, make an end of (accusative), finish etc. ; to weaken ; to pass (as the night or time, kṣapām-, pās-, kālam-) ; ([ see , etc.]) |
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| क्षिप् | cl.6 P. kṣip/ati- A1. kṣipate- ( etc.; cl.4 P. kṣipyati-,only ; subjunctive kṣip/at-; perf. cikṣepa- etc.; Epic also cikṣipe-; future 2nd kṣepsyati- etc.; Epic also te-; infinitive mood kṣeptum-; confer, compare ), to throw, cast, send, despatch (Passive voice pr. p. kṣipyat-, ) etc. ; to move hastily (the arms or legs) ; to throw a glance (as the eye) ; to strike or hit (with a weapon) ; to put or place anything on or in (locative case), pour on, scatter, fix or attach to (locative case) etc. ; to direct (the thoughts) upon (locative case) ; to throw away, cast away, get rid of ; to lay (the blame) on (locative case) ; to utter abusive words, insult, revile, abuse etc. ; "to disdain" id est to excel, beat, outvie ; to strike down, ruin, destroy ; (A1."to destroy one another, go to ruin" Potential 3. plural kṣiperan- ) ; to pass or while away (the time or night, kālam-, kṣapām-) ; to lose (time, kālam-; confer, compare kālakṣepa-) ; to skip or pass over (a day, dinam-.) ; (in mathematics) to add : Causal P. kṣepayati-, to cause to cast or throw into (antar-) ; to throw into ; to cause to descend into (locative case) ; to pass or while away (the night, kṣapām-) ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. cikṣipas-) to hurt, injure (confer, compare subjunctive kṣepayat- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. kṣi-); ([ confer, compare Latin sipo,dissipo,forxipo.]) |
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| कुल्व | mfn. bald (confer, compare /ati-k-) ([ Latin calvus-.]) |
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| कूल्व | mfn. "bald", only in /ati-k- varia lectio for /ati-kulva- q.v |
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| लघूय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to think lightly of, despise |
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| लिख् | (confer, compare the earlier form rikh-) cl.6 P. () likh/ati- (rarely A1. te-; perfect tense lil/ekha- etc.; Aorist alekhīt- ; future lekhitā-, lekhiṣyati- grammar; likhiṣyati- ; infinitive mood lekhitum-,or likhitum- grammar; ind.p. lekhitvā- ; likhitvā- ; -l/ikhya- etc.) , to scratch, scrape, furrow, tear up (the ground) etc. ; to pick, peck (said of birds). ; to scarify, lance ; to produce by scratching etc., draw a line (with or scilicet lekhām-), engrave, inscribe, write, copy, trace, sketch, delineate, paint etc. ; to make smooth, polish ; to graze, touch ; to unite sexually with a female(?) () : Passive voice likhyate- (Aorist alekhi-), to be written : Causal lekhayati- (or likhāpayati-; Aorist alīlikhat-), to cause to scratch or write or copy or paint etc. ; to scratch, lance ; to write, paint : Desiderative lilikhiṣati- or lilekhiṣati- [ confer, compare Greek ; Lithuanian re14kti,"to cut."] |
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| लिप् | (cf rip-) cl.6.1.P. A1. () limp/ati-, te- (perfect tense lilepa-. etc.; Aorist alipat- ; alispata-, alipta- grammar; -alipsata- ; future lepta1-, lepsyati-, te- grammar; infinitive mood leptum- ; ind.p. -lipya- etc.) , to smear, besmear, anoint with (instrumental case), stain, soil, taint, pollute, defile etc. ; to inflame, kindle, burn : Passive voice lipyate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist alepi-), to be smeared etc. ; to be attached to (locative case), stick, adhere : ; Causal lepayati- (Aorist alīlipat-), to cause to smear etc. ; to smear or anoint anything (accusative) with (instrumental case) or on (locative case) ; to cover ; to cast blame on any one ; (limpayati-), to smear anything (accusative) with (instrumental case): Desiderative lilipsati-, te- grammar : Intensive leliyate-, lelepti- [ confer, compare Greek , Latin lippus; Lithuanian li4pti; Gothic bileiban; Germ,bili4ian,bli7ben,bleiben,leben,Leib; Anglo-Saxon libban; English live,life.] |
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| लू | cl.9 P. A1. () lun/āti-, lunīte- (Ved. also lunoti- perfect tense lulāva- ;2. sg. lulavitha- ;2. plural luluvidhve-or viḍhve- ; Aorist alāvīt-, alaviṣṭa- grammar; future lavitā-, laviṣyati-, te- ; infinitive mood lavitum- ; ind.p. lūtvā- ; -lāvam- ), to cut, sever, divide, pluck, reap, gather etc. ; to cut off, destroy, annihilate : Passive voice lūyate- (Aorist alāvi-), to be cut grammar : Causal lāvayati- (Aorist alīlavat-, vata-), to cause to cut grammar : Desiderative of Causal lilāvayiṣati- : Desiderative lulūṣati-, te- : Intensive lauluyate-, loloti- : Desiderative of Intensive lolūyiṣate- (ind.p. yam-) [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin so-luo,solvo;Gothfra-liusan; German vir-lisosan,ver-lieren; Anglo-Saxon for-leo4san; English lose.] |
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| लुप् | (see rup-), cl.6. P. A1. () lump/ati-, te- (perfect tense lulopa-, lulupe- etc.; Aorist alupat-, alupta- grammar; preceding, lopsiya- ; loptā-, lopsyati-, te- grammar; infinitive mood loptum- ; ind.p. luptvā- etc.; -l/upya- ; -l/umpam- ; lopaṃ- ), to break, violate, hurt, injure, spoil ; to seize, fall or pounce upon (accusative) ; to rob, plunder, steal ; to cheat (said of a merchant) ; to take away, suppress, waste, cause to disappear ; to elide, erase, omit (a letter, word etc.) ; cl.4 P. lupyati- (perfect tense lulopa-; future lopitā-, lopiṣyati-,etc.) , to disturb, bewilder, perplex, confound : Passive voice lupy/ate- ( l/upyate-; Aorist alopi-), to be broken etc. etc. ; to be wasted or destroyed ; (in gram.) to be suppressed or lost or elided, disappear ; to be confounded or bewildered : Causal lopayati-, te- (Aorist alūlupat- ; alulopat- grammar; Passive voice lopyate-), to cause to break or violate, cause to swerve from (ablative) ; to break, violate, infringe, neglect etc. ; (A1.) to cause to disappear, efface : Desiderative lulupsati- or lulopiṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive lolopti- (parasmE-pada lolupat-), to confound, bewilder, perplex ; lolupyate- equals garirhitaṃ- lumpati- ; to be greedy, in a-lolupyamāna- q.v ([For cognate wordsSee under rup-.]) |
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| मखस्य | Nom. P. sy/ati-, te-, to be cheerful or sprightly ([ see ]) . |
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| मांसीय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to long for flesh |
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| मनस्य | Nom. P. A1. sy/ati-, te- (gaRa kaṇḍv-ādi-), to have in mind, intend ; to think, reflect |
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| मनाय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to be zealous or devoted ; to think, consider |
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| मथ् | or manth- (q.v) cl.1.9. P. () māthati-, m/anthati-, mathn/āti- (Ved. and Epic also A1. m/athate-, m/anthate-and mathnīte-; imperative mathnadhvam- ; perfect tense mamātha- ;3. plural mamathuḥ- ; methuḥ-, methire- ; mamantha-, nthuḥ- ; Aorist mathīt- ; amanthiṣṭām- ; amathiṣata- ; future mathiṣyati-, te- manthiṣyati- etc.; mathitā- ; infinitive mood mathitum- etc.; tos- ; m/anthitav/ai- ; ind.p. mathitv/ā-, -m/athya- etc.; manthitvā-, ; -manthya-and -mātham- etc.) . to stir or whirl round etc. ; (with agnim-), to produce fire by rapidly whirling round or rotating a dry stick (araṇi-) in another dry stick prepared to receive it ; (with araṇim-), to rotate the stick for producing fire ; (with ūrum-, hastam-etc.) , to use friction upon any part of the body with the object of producing offspring from it ; to churn (milk into butter) , produce by churning etc. (also with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' sudhāṃ- kṣīra-nidhim mathnāti-,"he churns nectar out of the ocean of milk" on ) ; to mix, mingle ; to stir up, shake, agitate, trouble disturb, afflict, distress, hurt, destroy etc. etc.: Passive voice mathy/ate- (Epic also ti-), to be stirred up or churned etc. etc. etc.: Causal manthayati- (), māthayati- (), to cause to be stirred up or churned etc.: Desiderative mimathiṣati-, mimanthiṣati- grammar : Intensive māmathyate-, māmantti- etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin mentha,menta; Lit.mentu4re; German minza,Minze; Anglo-Saxon minte; English mint.] |
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| मथाय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to produce fire by friction ; to tear off (a head) ; to shake |
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| मथि | (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; see ) See urā--, vastra-- and havir-m/athi- (mathīn/ān- wrong reading for matīn/ām-; see math/in-). |
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| मति | f. (in also m/ati-) devotion, prayer, worship, hymn, sacred utterance |
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| मेध्यातिथि | m. Name of a ṛṣi- (a kāṇva- and author of ;3. 33; ix, 41-43) (see medh/atithi-and maidhyātitha-). |
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| मेमिष | mfn. (fr. Intensive of1. miṣ-) opening the eyes wide, staring (in /ati-m-) |
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| मी | cl.9 P. A1. () mīnāti-, mīnīte- (Ved. also min/āti-and minoti-; m/īyate-or mīy/ate-[ ]; mimītas-, mimīyāt-[?]; perfect tense mimāya- ; mīmaya- ; mamau-, mimye- grammar; Aorist amāsīt-, amāsta- grammar; meṣṭa- ; Aorist Passive voice /amāyi- ; preceding mīyāt-, māsīṣṭa- grammar; future mātā-, māsyati-, te- grammar; meṣyate- ; infinitive mood -m/iyam-, -miye- ; m/etos- ; ind.p. mītvā-, -mīya-, māya- grammar), to lessen, diminish, destroy (A. and Passive voice to perish, disappear, die) ; to lose one's way, go astray ; to transgress, violate, frustrate, change, alter : Causal māpayati- Aorist amīmapat-. See pra-mī- ; Desiderative mitsati-, te- grammar : Intensive memīyate-, memayīti-, memeti- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin minuere; Slavonic or Slavonian mi8nij; German minniro,minre,minder; Anglo-Saxon min.] |
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| मिह् | cl.1 P. () m/ehati- (Epic also A1. te-, parasmE-pada -meghamāna- ; perfect tense mimeha- grammar; Aorist amikṣat- ; future meḍhā- grammar, mekṣy/ati- ; infinitive mood mih/e- ), to void or pass urine, make water upon (locative case or accusative) or towards (accusative) etc. ; to emit seminal fluid ; (m/imiḍḍhi-) equals yācñā-karman- mehayati- '> (Aorist amīmihat- grammar) to cause to make water : Desiderative mimikṣati- See 1. mikṣ-: Intensive m/emihat- See ni-mih-. ([ confer, compare Greek , Latin mingere,mejere; Slavonic or Slavonian migla; Lithuanian me34z3, Anglo-Saxon mi7gan; German Mist.]) |
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| मिष् | cl.6 P. () miṣ/ati- (of the simple verb only pr. p. miṣ/at-;in grammar also perfect tense mimeṣa-; Aorist ameṣīt-; future meṣitā-, meṣiṣyati-etc.; see un--and nimiṣ-), to open the eyes, wink, blink etc. etc. (generally used in genitive case = before the eyes of, in presence of, in spite of exempli gratia, 'for example' miṣato bandhu-vargasya-,the whole number of friends looking on id est before their very eyes, in spite of them) ; to rival, emulate (spardhāyām-) |
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| म्रक्ष् | or mṛkṣ- cl.1 P. () mrakṣati- or mṛkṣ/ati- (perfect tense mimṛkṣuḥ-), to rub, stroke, curry ; to smear ; to accumulate, collect : Causal (or cl.10. ) mrakṣayati- or mṛkṣayati-, to rub, smear, anoint ; to accumulate ; to speak indistinctly or incorrectly ; to cut |
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| म्रित् | cl.4 P. mrity/ati-, to decay, be dissolved |
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| मृज् | (confer, compare marj-, mārj-and mṛś-) cl.2 P. m/ārṣṭi- (Ved. also A1. mṛṣṭ/e-and cl.6 P. A1. mṛj/ati-, te-,3. plural mṛñjata- ; Potential mṛñjyāt- ; cl.1 P. mārjati-, te- ; perfect tense mamārja-, mamṛj/e- etc.;3. plural mamārjuḥ- ; māmṛjuḥ- ; A1. māmṛj/e-, jīta- ; Aorist amṛkṣat-, ṣata- ; amārkṣīt-and amārjīt- ; future mraṣṭā- ; mārṣṭā-or mārjitā- grammar; mrakṣyate-or mārkṣyate- etc.; mārjiṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood marṣṭum-, mārṣṭum-and mārjitum- etc.; ind.p. mṛṣvā- ; -mṛjya- ; -mārjya- ), to wipe, rub, cleanse, polish, clean, purify, embellish, adorn (A1.also "one's self") etc. ; to make smooth, curry (exempli gratia, 'for example' a horse or other animal) ; to stroke ; to wipe off or out, remove, destroy etc. ; to wipe off or transfer (impurity, debt etc.) from one's self upon (locative case) ; to carry away, win ; (mārṣṭi-), to go (): Causal or cl.10. marjayati-, te- (Ved., mārjayati-, te- etc.; Aorist amamārjat- grammar; amīmṛjanta- ; Passive voice mārjate- ), to wipe, rub, cleanse, purify, adorn etc. ; to wipe off, remove, destroy ; (marjayate-), to move about, roam (): Desiderative mimārjiṣati- and mimṛkṣati- grammar : Intensive marmṛjīti- (jm/a-, janta-, parasmE-pada jān/a-), marmṛjy/ate- ; marīmṛjy/ate- ; marmārṣṭi- grammar ; to rub or wipe off, clean, purify (A.also "one's self").[ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin mulgere; Slavonic or Slavonian mle8sti; Lithuanian mi4lsti; German,melke,Milch; English milk.] |
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| मृण् | (see mṝ-) cl.6 P. () mṛṇ/ati-, to crush, smash, slay, kill ; to thread, winnow |
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| मृश् | (often confounded with1. mṛṣ-) cl.6 P. () mṛś/ati- (rarely te-; perfect tense P. mamarśa-, mamṛśuḥ- ; māmṛśuḥ- ; A1. mamṛśe-. ; Aorist /amṛkṣat- etc.; amārkṣīt-or amrākṣīt- grammar; future marṣṭā-, mraṣṭā- ; markṣtati-, mrakṣyati- ; infinitive mood marṣṭum- etc.; -m/ṛśe- ; ind.p. -mṛśya- ; -marśam- ), to touch, stroke, handle ; to touch mentally, consider, reflect, deliberate : Intensive , marmṛśat- (See abhi-mṛś-) ; marīmṛśyate- (?) , to seize, grasp [ confer, compare Latin mulceo.] |
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| मुच् | cl.6 P. A1. () muñc/ati-, te- ( also, muc/anti-, mucasva-; parasmE-pada muñcāna- ; perfect tense, mum/oca-, mumuc/e-, Vedic or Veda , also, mum/ocat-, m/umocati-, mumucas-, mumoktu-, amumuktam-; Aorist /amok- ; imperative mogdh/i- ; amauk- ; /amucat- ; amukṣi-, mukṣata- ; preceding mucīṣṭa- ; mukṣīya- ; future, moktā-, ; mokṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood moktum- etc.; ind.p. muktv/ā- , -m/ucya- , m/okam-, ), to loose, let loose, free, let go, slacken, release, liberate ("from", ablative or -tas-; A1.and Passive voice with ablative or instrumental case,rarely with genitive case"to free one's self, get rid of, escape from") etc., etc. (with kaṇṭham-,to relax the throat id est raise a cry;with raśmīn-,to slacken the reins;with prāṇān-,to deprive of life, kill) ; to spare, let live ; to set free, allow to depart, dismiss, despatch ("to" , loc. or dative case) etc. ; to relinquish, abandon, leave, quit, give up, set aside, depose (with kalevaram-, deham-, prāṇān-or jīvitam-,to quit the body or give up the ghost id est to die) ; to yield, grant, bestow ; to send forth, shed, emit, utter, discharge, throw, cast, hurl, shoot at ("or upon" locative case dative case,or accusative with or without prati-;with ablative and ātmānam-,to throw one's self down from) etc. ; (A1.) to put on (Scholiast or Commentator) : Passive voice mucy/ate- (or m/ucyate-, Epic also ti-and future mokṣyati-; Aorist /amoci-), to be loosed, to be set free or released etc. ; to deliver one's self from, to get rid of, escape (especially from sin or the bonds of existence) etc. ; to abstain from (ablative) ; to be deprived or destitute of (instrumental case) : Causal mocayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist amūmucat-), to cause to loose or let go or give up or discharge or shed (with two accusative) ; to unloose, unyoke, unharness (horses) ; to set free, liberate, absolve from (ablative) etc. ; to redeem (a pledge) ; to open (a road) ; to give away, spend, bestow ; to gladden, delight, yield enjoyment : Desiderative of Causal mumocayiṣati-, to wish to deliver (from the bondage of existence) (confer, compare, mumocayiṣu-): Desiderative mumukṣati-, te-, (P.) to wish or be about to set free ; to be about to give up or relinquish (life) ; to wish or intend to cast or hurl ; (A1.) to wish to free one's self ; to desire final liberation or beatitude (confer, compare mokṣ-): Intensive momucyate- or monokti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin mungo,mucus.]) |
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| मुह् | cl.4 P. () m/uhyati- (rarely A1. te-; perfect tense mumoha- etc.; mumuhe- ; Aorist amuhat- ; future mohitā-, mogdhā-, moḍhā- grammar; mohiṣy/ati- ; mokṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood muh/e- ; ind.p. mohitvā-, muhiśvā-; mugdhvā-, mūḍhvā- grammar; -m/oham- grammar), to become stupefied or unconscious, be bewildered or perplexed, err, be mistaken, go astray etc., etc. ; to become confused, fail, miscarry (opp. to kḷp-) etc. etc.: Causal mohayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist, amūmuhat-; Passive voice, mohyate-), to stupefy, bewilder, confound, perplex, cause to err or fail etc. ; (A1.,with adhvānam-) to cause to go the wrong way : Desiderative mumohiṣati-, mumuhiṣati-, mumukṣati- grammar : Intensive momuhyate- (), momogdhi- and momoḍhi- (grammar), to be greatly bewildered or perplexed. |
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| मुष् | cl.9.1. P. ( varia lectio; see 1. mūṣ-) muṣṇ/āti-, m/oṣati- (Epic also cl.6 P. muṣati-;2. sg. Imp. muṣāṇa- ; perfect tense mumoṣa-; Aorist amoṣīt-,2. sg. moṣīs- ;fut, moṣitā-, moṣiṣyati- grammar; ind.p. muṣitvā- ; m/udṣya- ; infinitive mood muṣ/e- ; moṣitum- grammar), to steal, rob, plunder, carry off (also with two accusative =take away from, deprive of) etc. ; to ravish, captivate, enrapture (the eyes or the heart) etc. ; to blind, dazzle (the eyes) ; to cloud, obscure (light or the intellect) ; to break, destroy (see mus-): Passive voice , muṣyate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist amoṣi-), to be stolen or robbed etc.: Causal , noṣayati- (Aorist amūmuṣat-) grammar : Desiderative mumuṣiṣati- (see munuṣiṣu-): Intensive momuṣyate-, momoṣṭi- [For kindred wordsSee under 2. m/ūṣ-,p.827.] |
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| मुषाय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to steal, rob, carry off |
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| निचृत् | P. -cṛt/ati-, to infix, insert |
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| निधू | P. -dhūnoti- (-dhuv/ati- ; Potential -dhūvet- ), to throw down, deliver over ; to shake to and fro, agitate |
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| निःस्फुर् | P. -sphur/ati-, to jerk or hurl away |
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| निःसृज् | P. A1. -sṛj/ati-, te-, to pour out, shed forth ; to let loose, set free ; to separate (as words) ; to remove, destroy (as sorrow) |
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| निखिद् | P. -khld/ati-, to press down |
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| नितुद् | P. A1. -tud/ati-, te- (-tundate- ;[ n/i- wrong reading for n/u-?]) , to pierce, penetrate |
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| नियु | P. A1. -yauti-, or -yuv/ati-, te-, (1. sg. A1. -yuve-; imperative 2. dual number P. -yuyotam-; ind.p. -yūya-), to bind on, fasten ; to bring near, procure, bestow ; Intensive 3. sg. -yoyuve- |
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| नृभर्तृ | m. equals -p/ati- |
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| नुद् | cl.6 P. A1. () nud/ati-, te- (perfect tense nunoda- ; nunud/e-,3. plural dre- etc.; Aorist P. anautsīt- grammar; A1. anutthās- ; nudiṣṭhās- ; preceding -nudyāt- ; future -notsyati- ; te- etc.; nottā- grammar; ind.p. -nudya- ; infinitive mood -n/ude- ; -nudas- ; -nodam- ), to push, thrust, impel, move, remove etc. etc.: Causal nodayati- (Passive voice nodyate-), to push on, urge, incite etc.: Intensive nonudyate-, to push or drive away repeatedly |
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| पा | cl.2 P. () p/āti- (imperative pāh/i-; pr. p. P. p/āt- A1. pān/a- ; perfect tense papau- grammar; Aorist apāsīt- subjunctive pāsati- ; future pāsyati-, pātā- grammar; preceding pāyāt- ; infinitive mood pātum- ), to watch, keep, preserve ; to protect from, defend against (ablative) etc. ; to protect (a country) id est rule, govern ; to observe, notice, attend to, follow : Causal pālayati- See pāl-: Desiderative pīpāsati- grammar : Intensive pāpāyate-, pāpeti-, pāpāti- [ confer, compare Zend pa1,paiti; Greek , , etc.; Latin pa-sco,pa-bulum; Lithuanian pe0-mu4] |
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| पनस्य | Nom. A1. sy/ate- (P. sy/ati- ), to excite admiration or praise |
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| पनाय | Nom. P. A1. y/ati-, te-, to show ostentatiously, boast of (genitive case) (see ) . |
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| पराणुद् | ( nud-) P. A1. -ṇud/ati-, te- (Vedic or Veda infinitive mood -ṇ/ude-) to push or drive away, banish, remove |
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| परस् | ind. (with locative case) over, more than (only triṃś/ati tr/ayas par/aḥ-,three more than thirty id est 33) |
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| परिमुच् | P. -muñc/ati- (ind.p. -mucya-; infinitive mood -moktum-), to unloose, set free, liberate, deliver from (ablative) etc. ; to let go, give up, part with (accusative) ; to discharge, emit : Passive voice -mucyate- (ti- ), to loosen or free one's self, get rid of (ablative genitive case or instrumental case) etc. ; to be liberated or emancipated (from the ties of the world) |
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| परिरिह् | P. -rih/ati-, to lick or gnaw on all sides (see pari-lih-). |
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| परिरुज् | P. -ruj/ati-, to break from all sides |
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| पत् | cl.4 A1. () p/atyate-, to be master, reign, rule, govern, control, own, possess, dispose of (accusative or instrumental case) ; to partake of, share in (locative case) ; to be fit or serve for (dative case) [Prob. Nom.of p/ati-; confer, compare Latin potiri.] |
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| पत् | cl.1 P. () p/atati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense papāta-, paptim/a-, pet/atur-, papt/ur-; paptiv/as- ; papatyāt- ; Aorist apaptat- ; Passive voice apāti- ; future patiṣ-y/ati- ; te-, patitā- ; Conditional apatiṣyat- ; infinitive mood patitum- etc.; ind.p. patitv/ā- ; -p/atya-or -p/ātam- ), to fly, soar, rush on etc. ; to fall down or off, alight, descend (with accusative or locative case), fall or sink (with or without adhas-or narake-,"to go down to hell";with caraṇau-or ṇayoḥ-,"to fall at a person's feet") etc. ; to fall (in a moral sense), lose caste or rank or position etc. ; to light or fall upon, fall to a person's share (locative case) etc. ; to fall or get into or among (locative case) ; to occur, come to pass, happen : Causal pat/ayati-, to fly or move rapidly along ; to speed (trans.; confer, compare patay/at-) ; te-, to drive away or throw down (?) ; pāt/ayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist apīpatat- ; Passive voice pātyate- etc.) , to let fly or cause to fall, to fling, hurl, throw etc. ; to lay low, bring down (literally and figuratively), overthrow, ruin, destroy etc. to throw upon or in, lay on (locative case) ; (with or scilicet ātmānam-) to throw one's self ; to cut off (a head) ; to knock out (teeth) ; to pour out or shed (water, tears) ; to kindle (fire) ; to cast (dice) ; to turn, direct, fix (eyes) ; to impose or inflict (punishment) ; to set in motion, set on foot ; to seduce to, betray into (locative case) ; (with dvedhā-) to divide in two ; to subtract ; (A1.) to rush on, hasten : Desiderative pipatiṣati- ( ) and pitsati- () , to be about to fly or fall: Intensive panīpatyate- or pātīti- [ confer, compare Zend pat; Greek , ; Latin peto.] |
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| पथ्या | f. a path, way, road (with rev/atī-,"the auspicious path", personified as a deity of happiness and welfare) |
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| पतिजुष्टा | (p/ati--) f. (a woman) liked by her husband |
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| पतिकाम | (p/ati--) mfn. wishing for a husband |
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| पॄ | cl.9 P. () pṛṇ/āti- ; cl.6 P. ( pṛṇ-, ) priṇ/ati- ; cl.3 P. () p/iparti- (also A1.; imperative pipīpṛhi- ; perfect tense papāra-,3. plural paparuḥ-,or papruḥ- ; pupūre-, rire- ; -pupūryās- ; papṛv/as-[?] ; Aorist apārīt- grammar, pūriṣṭhās- ; imperative pūrdh/i- ; preceding priyāsam- , pūryāt- grammar; future parīṣyati-, parītā- grammar; ind.p. pūrtvā- grammar, -pūrya- ; -pūram-[in compound with its object; confer, compare udara-p-, goṣpada-p-, carma-p-.and ]; infinitive mood pṛṇ/adhyai- ; -puras- ; pūritum- ), to fill (A1."one's self") ; to fill with air, blow into (accusative) ; to sate, cherish, nourish, bring up ; to refresh (as the pitṛ-s) (Aorist apārīt- varia lectio atārpsīt-) ; to grant abundantly, bestow on (dative case), present with (instrumental case) (often parasmE-pada pṛṇ/at-= bounteous, liberal, ungrudging) ; to fulfil, satisfy (as a wish) : Passive voice pūry/ate- (Epic also ti-,and A1. p/ūryate-, parasmE-pada p/ūyamāṇa-), to be filled with, become full of (instrumental case), be sated etc. ; to become complete (as a number) : Causal pārayati-, to fill ; to fulfil (only Aorist pīparat-) ; pūr/ayati- (), te- (Passive voice pūryate-[ confer, compare above]; Aorist apūri-, apūriṣṭa-), to fill, fill up with (instrumental case) etc. ; to fill (with a noise, said also of the noise itself) ; to fill with wind, blow (a conch) ; to draw (a bow or an arrow to the ear) ; to make full, complete, supplement (a sentence) ; to cover completely, overspread, bestrew, surround etc. ; to load or enrich or present with (instrumental case) ; to fulfil (a wish or hope) etc. ; to spend completely (a period of time) : Desiderative piparīṣati-, pupūrṣati- grammar : Intensive pāparti-, popūrti-, popūryate- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin plere,plenus; Lit.pi4lti,pi4lnas; Slavonic or Slavonian plu8nu8; Gothic fulls; German voll; English full.] |
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| प्रखुद् | P. -khud/ati-, futuere |
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| प्रक्षि | P. -kṣiṇ/āti-, to spoil, destroy, wear out, exhaust : Passive voice -kṣīyate-, to be destroyed, perish ; to be worn out or exhausted or diminished |
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| प्रक्षिप् | P. A1. -kṣip/ati-, -kṣipate-, to cast, hurl, throw or fling at or into (locative case), place in, put before etc. ; to let down ; to launch a ship ; to add ; to insert, interpolate : Causal -kṣepayati-, to cause or order to cast or put into (locative case) |
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| प्रतिबुद्ध | (pr/ati--) mfn. awakened, awake (also said of the Dawn) etc. |
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| प्रतिबुद्ध | (pr/ati--) mfn. one who has attained to perfect knowledge (see ) |
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| प्रतिबुद्ध | (pr/ati--) mfn. illuminated, enlightened |
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| प्रतिबुद्ध | (pr/ati--) mfn. observed, recognized |
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| प्रतिबुद्ध | (pr/ati--) mfn. known, celebrated |
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| प्रतिबुद्ध | (pr/ati--) mfn. made prosperous or great |
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| प्रतिधा | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (Ved. infinitive mood pr/ati-dhātave-), to put on or in or near or back, return, restore (locative case or dative case) ; to adjust (an arrow), aim ; to put to the lips (for drinking) ; to put down (the feet), step out ; to offer, present ; to use, employ ; to restrain ; (A1.) to commence, begin, approach |
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| प्रतिज्ञात | (pr/ati--) mfn. admitted, acknowledged |
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| प्रतिज्ञात | (pr/ati--) mfn. promised, agreed etc. |
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| प्रतिज्ञात | (pr/ati--) mfn. declared, stated, asserted, proposed, alleged |
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| प्रतिज्ञात | (pr/ati--) mfn. agreeable, desirable |
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| प्रतिज्ञातार्थ | (pr/ati--) m. a statement, averment |
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| प्रतिजूतिवर्पस् | (pr/ati--) mfn. assuming any form according to impulse |
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| प्रतीकवत् | mfn. (pr/atīka--) having an outward form or face or mouth |
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| प्रतिनाम | (pr/ati--) ind. by name, mentioning the name |
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| प्रतिनामग्रहणम् | (pr/ati--) ind. mentioning each individual name |
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| प्रतिनामन् | (pr/ati--) mf(minī-)n. having corresponding names, related by name |
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| प्रतिप्राश् | (pr/ati--) m. an opponent in controversy, adversary in a lawsuit (See prati-prach-) |
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| प्रतिसदृक्ष | (pr/ati--) mfn. similar |
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| प्रतिसदृश् | (pr/ati--) mfn. similar |
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| प्रतिसमन्तम् | (pr/ati--) ind. on every side, everywhere |
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| प्रतिशत्रु | (pr/ati--) m. an adversary, opponent, enemy |
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| प्रतिष्ठित | mfn. (pr/ati-.) standing, stationed, placed, situated in or on (locative case or compound) etc. |
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| प्रतिष्ठिति | (pr/ati--) f. standing firmly, a firm stand or footing |
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| प्रतितिज् | to emit heat or fire against or towards (only imperative pr/ati-tigdhi-and titig/ahi-,for which prati-tityagdhi-[!], and prati-tiṅḍhi-[!]) . |
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| प्रतिवेश | (pr/ati--or pratī--; see Va1rtt. 3) . mf(ā-)n. neighbouring, a neighbour etc. |
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| प्रतिवेश | (pr/ati--or pratī--; see Va1rtt. 3) mf(ā-)n. auxiliary commentator or commentary |
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| प्रतिवेश | (pr/ati--or pratī--; see Va1rtt. 3) m.a neighbouring house |
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| प्रतिवेशतस् | (pr/ati--or pratī--; see Va1rtt. 3) ind. from the neighbourhood |
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| प्रतिवेशवासिन् | (pr/ati--or pratī--; see Va1rtt. 3) mf(nī-)n. living in the neighbourhood |
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| प्रतिवेशवासिन् | (pr/ati--or pratī--; see Va1rtt. 3) m.f. a neighbour |
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| प्री | cl.9 P. A1. () prīṇ/āti-, prīṇīt/e- ; cl.4 A1. () prīyate- (rather Passive voice; Epic and mc. also ti-and priyate-, ti-; perfect tense pipriy/e-, parasmE-pada yāṇ/a- subjunctive pipr/ayat-; imperative pipr/ayasva-or prīh/i- ; Aorist apraiṣīt- subjunctive pr/eṣat- ; apreṣṭa- grammar; future preṣyati-, te-, pretā- ) P. to please, gladden, delight, gratify, cheer, comfort, soothe, propitiate etc. ; (mostly A1. prīyate-) to be pleased or satisfied with, delight in, enjoy (genitive case instrumental case locative case or ablative) ; (A1.; Epic and mc. also P.and pri-) to like, love, be kind to (accusative) : Causal prīṇayati- (prāpayati- , prāyayati- ), to please, delight gratify, propitiate etc. ; to refresh, comfort : Desiderative p/iprīṣati-, to wish to please or propitiate : Intensive peprīyate-, peprayīti-, pepreti- grammar ([ confer, compare Gothic frijo7n,frijo7nds; German friunt,freund; Anglo-Saxon freo4nd; English friend; Slavonic or Slavonian prijati; Lithuanian pre0teliusetc.]) |
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| पृतन्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to attack, assail, fight against (accusative) |
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| प्रुष् | cl.5 P. A1. pruṣṇ/oti-, ṇut/e- (future proṣ/iṣyate- ; perfect tense puproṣa- Aorist aproṣīt-, ) , to sprinkle, shower, wet, moisten ; cl.10 P. A1. (or Nom.) pruṣāy/ati-, te- idem or 'm. a horse ' ; cl.9 P. () pruṣṇāti- (parasmE-pada pruṣṇ/at- ), idem or 'm. a horse ' ; to become wet, fill ; cl.4 P. pruṣyati- See vi-pruṣ-. ([ confer, compare Latin prui1naforprusvi1na; Gothic frius; German friosan,frieren; English freeze.]) |
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| प्सा | cl.2 P. () ps/āti- (imperative psāhi-, psātu- ; perfect tense papsau- grammar; Aorist apsāsīt- ; preceding psāyāt- ;or pseyāt- grammar; future psāsyati-, psātā- ; ind.p. -ps/āya- ; Passive voice imperfect tense apsīyata- ), to chew, swallow, devour, eat, consume ; to go bhsā- equals bhasā-= bhas-+ ā-; see mnā-and man-, yā-and i-etc.)'> |
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| पू | cl.9 P. A1. () pun/āti-, punīt/e- (3. plural A1. pun/ate- , punat/e- ;2. sg. imperative P. punīhi- etc., punāh/i- ) ; cl.1. A1. () p/avate- (of P.only imperative -pava- ,and parasmE-pada genitive case plural pavatām- ; parasmE-pada A1. punān/a-below, p/avamāna-See;1. sg. A1. punīṣe- ; perfect tense pupuvuh-. ve- ; apupot- ; Aorist apāviṣuḥ- subjunctive apaviṣṭa- ; future paviṣyati-, pavitā- grammar; ind.p. pūtv/ā- ; pūtv/ī- ; pavitvā- grammar; -p/ūya-and -pāvam- etc.; infinitive mood pavitum- ), to make clean or clear or pure or bright, cleanse, purify, purge, clarify, illustrate, illume (with s/aktum-,"to cleanse from chaff, winnow";with kr/atum-or manīṣ/ām-,"to enlighten the understanding";with hiraṇyam-,"to wash gold") etc. ; (met.) to sift, discriminate, discern ; to think of or out, invent, compose (as a hymn) ; (A1. p/avate-) to purify one's self. be or become clear or bright ; (especially) to flow off clearly (said of the soma-) ; to expiate, atone for ; to pass so as to purify ; to purify in passing or pervading, ventilate etc. (confer, compare pav-): Passive voice pūy/ate-, to be cleaned or washed or purified ; to be freed or delivered from (ablative) etc.: Causal pav/ayati- or pāvayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist apīpavat- grammar; Passive voice pāvyate- ), to cleanse, purify : Desiderative , pupūṣati-, pipaviṣate- grammar : Desiderative of Causal pipāvayiṣati- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Umbr.pir; German Feuer; English fire.]) |
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| पुत्रिय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to wish for a son or children |
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| पुत्रीय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to wish for a son or children (pr. p. y/at-) ; to treat like a son (Desiderative puputrīyiṣati-, putitrīyiṣati-or putrīyiyiṣati- Va1rtt. 4 ; puputitrīyiyiṣiṣati- ) |
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| रा | or rās- cl.2 P. () r/āti- (Vedic or Veda also A1. rāt/e-; imperative rirīhi-, rarāsva-, raridhvam-; parasmE-pada rarāṇa-;3. sg. r/arate-and rāsate-; perfect tense rarim/a-, rar/e-; Aorist /arāsma- subjunctive r/ātat-etc. Potential rāsīya-; Classical forms are only proper rāti-; future rātā- ; rāsyati- infinitive mood rātave- ), to grant, give, bestow, impart, yield, surrender |
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| रश्मिराज | m. "ray-lord", Name of a man (see raśmi-p/ati-). |
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| रथर्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to go or travel by carriage or chariot |
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| रथस्पति | (r/athas--) m. (r/athas-prob. a form of the genitive case; see v/anas-p/ati-) the"lord of chariots", a deity presiding over chariots or over pleasure and enjoyment |
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| री | or ri- (see li-) cl.9 P. () riṇ/āti- cl.4 P. () r/īyate- (riṇīte- ; riyati- ; imperfect tense ariṇvan- ; Gr.pf. rirāya-, rirye-; Aorist araiṣīt-, areṣṭa-; future retā-; reṣyati-, te-; infinitive mood retum-), to release, set free, let go ; to sever, detach from (ablative) ; to yield, bestow ; (A1.) to be shattered or dissolved, melt, become fluid, drop, flow : Causal repayati- (Aorist arīripat-) grammar : Desiderative rirīṣati-, te- : Intens, rerīyate-, rerayīti- |
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| रिह् | (Vedic. form of lih-) cl.6. 2. P. rih/ati- r/eḍhi- (or r/eḷhi-;3. plural A1. rihat/e-; pr. p. rihāṇ/a-or r/ihāṇa-), to lick, kiss, caress ; (rihati-) to praise, worship ; (Imp. ririḍḍhi-, rirīhi-) to ask, implore ; also varia lectio for riph- : Intensive rerihy/ate- (r/erihat-, hāṇa-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order), to lick or, kiss again and again, caress repeatedly |
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| रिश् | (see riṣ-,from which it is not in all forms distinguishable) cl.6 P. () riś/ati- (Vedic or Veda also te-; perfect tense rireśa-etc. grammar), to hurt, tear, pluck off, crop : Causal reśayati- (Aorist arīriśat-) grammar : Desiderative ririkṣati- (see riṣ-): Intensive reriśyate-, rereṣṭi- |
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| रिषण्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to fail, miscarry |
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| रु | cl.2 P. (; confer, compare ) rauti- or ravīti- (Vedic or Veda also ruv/ati-and ravoti-, te-; parasmE-pada r/uvat-, ravat-, ravamāṇa-, ravāṇa-; perfect tense rurāva- ; ruruvire- ; Aorist /arāvīt- ; preceding rūyāt- grammar; future ravitā-or rotā- ; raviṣyati- ; infinitive mood ravitum- , rotum- ), to roar, bellow, howl, yelp, cry aloud etc. ; to make any noise or sound, sing (as birds) , hum (as bees) etc. ; (rauti-) to praise : Causal rāvayati- (Aorist arūruvat-with the sense of the Intensive ;or arīravat- ), to cause to bellow or roar, cause an uproar etc. : Desiderative of Causal rirāvayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative rurūṣati- : Intensive (Ved.) r/oravīti- (parasmE-pada r/oruvat-and r/oruvāṇa-) or (Epic) rorūyate-, ti- or (grammar) roroti-. to bellow or roar etc. loudly, scream aloud, vociferate. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin raucus; Anglo-Saxon ry7n.] |
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| रुह् | (see,1. rudh-) cl.1 P. ( ) r/ohati- (mc. also te-and ruhati-, te-; Vedic or Veda and Epic imperfect tense or Aorist aruhat-; Potential ruheyam-, -ruhethās-, -ruhemahi-; imperative ruha-, parasmE-pada r/uhāṇa-; perfect tense ruroha-, ruruh/uḥ- etc.; ruruhe- ; Aorist /arukṣat- etc.; future roḍhā- grammar; rokṣy/ati-, te- etc.; rohiṣye- ; infinitive mood roḍhum- etc.; rohitum- ; r/ohiṣyai- ; ind.p. rūḍhv/ā- , -r/uhya- etc.; -rūhya- ; -r/uham- ; -r/oham- ), to ascend, mount, climb ; to reach to, attain (a desire) ; to rise, spring up, grow, develop, increase, prosper, thrive etc. etc. (with na-,"to be useless or in vain" ) ; to grow together or over, cicatrize, heal (as a wound) etc.: Causal roh/ayati- or (later) ropayati-, te- (Aorist arūruhat-or arūrupat- grammar; Passive voice ropyate- Aorist aropi- ), to cause to ascend, raise up, elevate ; to place in or on, fix in, fasten to, direct towards (with accusative or locative case) ; to transfer to, commit, entrust (see ropita-) ; to put in the ground, plant, sow ; to lay out (a garden) ; to cause to grow, increase ; to cause to grow over or heal : Desiderative r/urukṣati- See ā-ruh-: Intensive roruhyate-, roroḍhi- grammar |
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| रुज् | cl.6 P. () ruj/ati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense rur/oja- etc.; Aorist 2. sg. rok- ; ruk- ; araukṣīt- grammar; future roktā-, rokṣyati- ; infinitive mood -r/uje- ; ind.p. ruktv/ā-, -r/ujya- ), to break, break open, dash to pieces, shatter, destroy etc. ; to cause pain, afflict, injure (with accusative or genitive case; confer, compare ) etc. etc.: Causal rojayati- (Aorist arūrujat-), to cause to break etc. ; to strike upon (locative case) ; (cl.10. ) to hurt, injure, kill: Desiderative rurukṣati- grammar (See rurukṣ/aṇi-): Intensive rorujyate-, rorokti-, grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin lugeo.]) |
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| रुश् | (see ruṣ-and riś-) cl.6 P. () ruś/ati- (perfect tense rurośa-; future roṣṭā-, rokṣyati-; Aorist arukṣat- grammar;only pr. p. ruś/at- q.v), to hurt, injure, annoy (hiṃsāyām- ) : Causal rośayati- (Aorist arūruśat-) grammar : Desiderative rurukṣati- : Intensive roruśyate-, roroṣṭi- |
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| सभागय | Nom. y/ati-, to impart |
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| सदस् | n. (according to to some also f.) a seat, residence, abode, dwelling, place of meeting, assembly (especially at a sacrifice; sadasaspati s/adasas-p/ati- m. equals s/adas-p/ati-; sadasi-,"in public") etc. |
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| समर्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to long for battle or war |
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| सन् | cl.1 P., cl.8. P. A1. () s/anati-, te- or san/oti-, sanute- (A1.rare and only in non-conjugational tenses; perfect tense sas/āna- ; parasmE-pada sasav/as- f. sasan/uṣī- ; sasanivas-or senivas- grammar; sene- ; Aorist asāniṣam-[Subj. saniṣat- A1. saniṣāsmahe-, s/aniṣanta-] ; imperative s/aniṣantu- ; seṣam-, set- ; asāta- grammar; preceding sanyāt-, sāyāt- ; future sanitā- ; saniṣy/ati- ; infinitive mood sanitum- grammar), to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy ; to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute ; (A1.) to be successful, be granted or fulfilled : Passive voice sanyate- or sāyate- : Causal sānayati- (Aorist asīṣaṇat-) grammar : Desiderative of Causal sisānayiṣati-. : Desiderative sisaniṣati- (grammar) or s/iṣāsati- (? sīṣatī- ), to wish to acquire or obtain ; to wish to procure or bestow : Intensive saṃsanyate-, sāsāyate-, saṃsanti- (grammar), to gain or acquire repeatedly (only 3. plural saniṣṇata- ). |
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| सपर्य | Nom. P. y/ati- (prob. fr. a lost noun sapar-), to serve attentively, honour, worship, adore ; to offer or dedicate reverentially ; to accept kindly |
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| सरण्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to run, hasten, speed |
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| शत्रूय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to be an enemy, be hostile |
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| सि | (confer, compare 4. sā-) cl.5.9. P. A1. () sinoti-, sinute-; sin/āti-, sinite- (really occurring only in present tense sin/āti-, imperfect tense asinot-; perfect tense siṣāya- ; Aorist [?] siṣet- ; asaiṣīt-, aseṣṭa- grammar; future setā- ; siṣyati- ; seṣyati-, te- grammar; infinitive mood s/etave- ; setum- grammar), to bind, tie, fetter : Causal sāyayati- (Aorist asīṣayat-) grammar : Desiderative sisīṣati-, te- : Intensive seṣīyate-, seṣayīti-, seṣeti- [ confer, compare Greek ,; Lettish sinu,"to bind"; Anglo-Saxon sa7l; German Seil.] |
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| सिच् | cl.6 P. A1. () siñc/ati-, te- (once in , s/ecate- perfect tense siṣeca-, siṣice-[in also sisicuḥ-, sisice-]; Aorist asicat-, cata-[Gr. also asikta-]; subjunctive sicāmahe- ; preceding sicyāt- ; future sekṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sektum- sektavai- ; ind.p. siktvā- ; -s/icya- ; -secam-or -sekam-, ), to pour out, discharge, emit, shed, infuse or pour into or on (locative case) etc. etc. ; to emit semen, impregnate ; to scatter in small drops, sprinkle, besprinkle or moisten with (instrumental case) etc. ; to dip, soak, steep ; to cast or form anything out of molten metal etc. (2 accusative) : Passive voice sicyate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist aseci-), to be poured out or sprinkled etc. etc.: Causal secayati-, te- (Epic also siñcayati-; Aorist asīṣicat-or asīsicat-), to cause to pour out etc. ; to sprinkle, water (plants etc.) : Desiderative siṣikṣati- or sisikṣati- ; te- grammar (confer, compare sisikṣā-): Intensive sesicyate-, sesekti-. ([ confer, compare Zend hincaiti; Greek [?] ; Anglo-Saxon seo4n; German seihen,seichen.]) |
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| स्कम्भ् | or skabh- (prob. a mere phonetic variety of stambh- q.v;in native lists written skanbh-) cl.5.9. P. ( ) skabhn/oti-, skabhn/āti- (according to to also cl.1 A1. skambhate-; pr. p. skabhnuv/at- ; skabh/at- ; perfect tense cask/ambha-,2. dual number -skambh/athuḥ- ; parasmE-pada caskabhān/a- ; Aorist askambhīt- grammar; future skambhitā-, skambhiṣyati- ; infinitive mood skambhitum- ; -sk/abhe- ; ind.p. skabhitv/ī- ) to prop, support, make firm, fix, establish : Causal skambhayati- (Aorist acaskambhat-, grammar;See skambhita-) or skabhāy/ati- ( Va1rtt. 1 ;See skabhita-), to prop, support, fix ; to impede, check |
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| स्ना | (confer, compare snu-) cl.2 P. () sn/āti- cl.4 P. () snāyati- (Epic also A1. snāyate- Potential snāyāt-; Epic also snāyīta-; perfect tense sasnau-,3. plural sasnuḥ- ; future snātā- grammar; snāsyati-, te- etc.; Aorist asnāsīt- grammar; preceding snāyāt-[ confer, compare above] or sneyāt- ; infinitive mood snātum- etc.; ind.p. snātv/ā-, -sn/āya- etc.;Ved. also snātvī- ), to bathe, perform the ceremony of bathing or certain prescribed oblations (especially on returning home from the house of a religious preceptor, or on concluding certain vows etc., also with avabhṛtham-) etc. ; to smear one's self with (instrumental case) : Passive voice snāyate- (Aorist asnāyi- impersonal or used impersonally) : Causal snāp/ayati- or snap/ayati-, (with preposition only snāp-), to cause to bathe, wash, cleanse etc. ; to wash away ; to steep or soak in (locative case) ; to bathe with tears, weep for(?) : Desiderative sisnāsati- (but confer, compare siṣṇāsu-): Intensive sāsnāyate-, sāsnāti-, sāsneti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin nare.]) |
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| स्फुर् | (confer, compare sphar-) cl.6 P. () sphur/ati- (mc. also te-; parasmE-pada sphurat-and sphuramāṇa-[qq.vv.];only in present tense base, butSee apa-sphur-; grammar also perfect tense pusphora-, pusphure-; future sphuritā-, sphuriṣyati-; Aorist asphorīt-; preceding sphūryāt-; infinitive mood sphuritum-), to spurn ; to dart, bound, rebound, spring ; to tremble, throb, quiver, palpitate, twitch (as the nerves of the arm ), struggle etc. ; to flash, glitter, gleam, glisten, twinkle, sparkle etc. ; to shine, be brilliant or distinguished ; to break forth, burst out plainly or visibly, start into view, be evident or manifest, become displayed or expanded etc. ; to hurt, destroy : Causal sphorayati- (Aorist apusphurat-or apuspharat-), to stretch, draw or bend (a bow) ; to adduce an argument ; to cause to shine, eulogize, praise excessively ; sphurayati-, to fill with (instrumental case) : Desiderative pusphuriṣati- grammar : Intensive posphuryate-, posphorti-. ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sperno; Lithuanian spi4rti; German sporo,spor,Sporn; English spur,spurn.]) |
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| स्पृश् | cl.6 P. () spṛś/ati- (mc. also te-; pr. p. spṛśāna- ; imperfect tense asparśat- ; perfect tense pasparśa-, paspṛśuḥ-, paspṛśe- etc.; subjunctive pasp/arśat- ; Aorist aspṛkṣat- ; asprākṣīt- ; aspārkṣīt- grammar; preceding spṛśyāt- ; future spraṣṭā-or sparṣṭā- grammar; sparkṣyati- ; sprakṣyati- ; infinitive mood spraṣṭum- etc.; -sp/ṛśe- ; -sp/ṛśas- ; ind.p. spṛṣṭvā-, -sp/ṛśya- etc.) , to touch, feel with the hand, lay the hand on (accusative or locative case), graze, stroke etc. ; to handle, take hold of (anyo 'nyaṃ hastau spṛśataḥ-,"they mutually touch or shake hands") etc. ; (with ap/aḥ-, udakam-, jalam-;or adbhis-etc.) to touch or sip water, wash or sprinkle certain parts of the body with water etc. ; to touch so as to hurt, injure, harm ; to perceive or feel by touch ; to touch, come into contact (literally;and figuratively in astronomy sense) ; to reach or penetrate to (locative case or accusative;with karṇam-,"to come to the ears";with kriyām-,"to set about any action") etc. ; to come up to, equal (accusative;with girā-,"to equal with words" id est"to be able to describe") ; to act upon, affect ; to touch id est endow or fill with (instrumental case) ; to touch id est befall, fall to the lot of, come upon, visit, afflict (accusative) etc. ; to touch, take hold of, make one's own, appropriate ; to attain to, obtain, experience, undergo etc. ; to grant, bestow (see Causal) : Passive voice spṛśyate- (Aorist asparśi-), to be touched or seized or affected by etc.: Causal sparśayati-, te- (Aorist apasparśat-or apispṛśat-; subjunctive pispṛśaḥ-, śati- ), to cause to touch (two accusative), bring into immediate contact with (locative case or instrumental case) etc. ; to convey to (locative case) ; to fill or cover with (instrumental case) etc. ; to perceive by touch, feel ; to offer, present, give etc.: Desiderative pispṛkṣati- (see pispṛkṣu-) grammar : Intensive parīspṛśyate-, parīspraṣṭi-, parīsparṣṭi- |
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| शॄ | cl.9 P. () śṛṇ/āti- (pr. p. A1. śṛṇān/a- ; imperative śṛṇa- ; perfect tense śaśāra-,2. sg. śaśaritha-,3. plural śaśaruḥ-,or śaśruḥ- grammar; śaśr/e- ; Aorist, aśarīt-, aśarait- ; aśārīt- grammar; preceding śīryāt- ; future śarītā-, śarīṣyati- ; śariṣyate- ; infinitive mood śarītum- grammar; ś/arītos- ; śaritos- ; ind.p. -ś/īrya- ), to crush, rend, break (A1.with reference to self, as "to break one's own arm") ; to kill (game) : Passive voice śīryate- (mc. also ti-; Aorist aśāri-, śāri-), to be crushed or broken or rent or shattered etc. ; to fall out or off etc. ; to be worn out, decay, wither, fade etc.: Causal śārayati- (Aorist aśīśarat-) grammar : Desiderative śiśarīṣati-, śiśīrṣati- : Intensive śeśīryate-, śāśarti- |
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| सृ | (confer, compare sal-) cl.1.3. P. () s/arati- (Epic also te-and according to to also dhāvati-), and s/isarti- (the latter base only in veda-;3. dual number s/isratuḥ-,3. plural s/israte- ; parasmE-pada s/israt-[ q.v ] ; perfect tense sas/āra-, sasr/e- etc.;1. dual number sasriva- ; parasmE-pada sasṛv/as-, sasrāṇ/a-and sasṛmāṇ/a- ; Aorist asārṣīt- grammar; subjunctive sarṣat- ; preceding sriyāt- grammar; future sartā- ; sariṣy/ati- etc.; infinitive mood sartum- etc.; s/artave-, tav/ai- ; ind.p. sṛtv/ā- ; -s/ṛtya-, -s/āram- etc.), to run, flow, speed, glide, move, go (with uccakais-,"to spring up";with v/ājam-,or ājim-,"to run a race" id est"exert one's self") Calcutta edition etc. ; to blow (as wind) ; to run away, escape ; to run after, pursue (accusative) ; to go towards, betake one's self to (accusative or tatra-etc.) ; to go against, attack, assail ; to cross, traverse (accusative) ; (A1.) to begin to flow (said of the fluid which surrounds the fetus) : Passive voice sriyate- (Aorist asāri- ), to be gone etc., grammar : Causal sārayati- or cl.10 P. () to cause to run ; to set in motion, strike (a lute) ; to remove, push aside (a braid of hair) ; put in array, to arrange (with dyūtam-,"the men on a chess-board") ; to make visible, show, manifest ; to nourish, foster (genitive case) ; A1. sārayate- (for sar/ayate-See saraya-,), to cause one's self to be driven, drive (in a carriage) : pass. sāryate-, to be made to flow, discharge (excrement) : Desiderative sisīrṣati-, to wish to run (vājam-,"a race") : Intensive (confer, compare sarisrar/a-) s/arsṛte- (parasmE-pada s/arsrāṇa-See pra-sṛ-) or sarīṣarti-, to stride backwards and forwards ; to blow violently (as the wind) [ confer, compare Greek ,;, ; Latin salire.] |
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| श्रथर्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to become loose or relaxed |
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| श्रवस्य | Nom. P. y/ati- (only pr. p. y/at-), to wish to praise |
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| श्रवस्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to be swift, hasten, fly along ; to snatch up |
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| श्री | (see śrā-) cl.9 P. A1. () śrīṇ/ati-, śrīṇīt/e- (grammar also perfect tense śiśrāya-, śiśrīye-; Aorist aśraiṣīt-, aśreṣṭa-etc.;for aśiśrayuḥ-See 2. abhi-śrī-), to mix, mingle, cook (see abhi--and ā-śrī-) ; (=1. śri-), to burn, flame, diffuse light |
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| सृज् | (see 1.2. sarj-) cl.6 P. () sṛj/ati- (Ved. and Epic also te-,and once in s/arjati-; perfect tense sasarja-, sasṛj/e-[2. sg. according to to , sasarjitha-and sasraṣṭha-,in once sasarktha-];Vedic forms are sasṛjm/ahe-, jrire-, sasṛjyāt-, asasṛgram-; parasmE-pada sasṛjān/a- q.v; sasṛgm/ahe-; Aorist asrākṣīt-; /asṛkṣi-, /asṛṣṭa-[Ved. also /asṛgram-or ran-; /asarji-; asrāk-, asrāṭ-; srās-; srakṣat-; parasmE-pada sṛjān/a- q.v ] ; future sraṣṭā- ; srakṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sraṣṭum- etc.; ind.p. sṛṣṭvā- ; -s/ṛjya- etc.; -s/argam-or -s/arjam- ), to let go or fly, discharge, throw, cast, hurl at (accusative or dative case) etc. ; to cast or let go (a measuring line) ; to emit, pour forth, shed, cause to flow (rain, streams etc.) etc. ; to utter (a sound) ; to turn or direct (glances) ; to let loose, cause (horses) to go quickly ; A1. "to speed, run, hasten" ; to release, set free ; to open (a door) ; to publish, proclaim ; to draw out and twist (a thread), twist, wind, spin (literally and figuratively; A1. sṛjyate-,"for one's self"; see on Va1rtt. 15 and ) ; (in older language only A1.) to emit from one's self id est create, procreate, produce, beget etc. ; to procure, grant, bestow etc. ; to use, employ ; to get, acquire, obtain, take (interest on money lent) ; to hang on, fasten to (locative case) (perhaps asṛjat-, wrong reading for asajat-;See sañj-): Passive voice sṛjyate- (Aorist /asarji-), to be let loose or emitted or created etc. etc.: Causal sarjayati-, te- (Aorist asasarjat-or asīsṛjat-), to cause to let loose, let go, create etc. etc.: Desiderative sisṛkṣati-, te-, to wish to send forth or hurl or throw ; (A1.) to wish to produce or create : Intensive sarīsṛjyate-, sarīsṛṣṭi- etc. grammar |
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| स्तभूय | (fr. prec.) Nom. P. A1. y/ati-, y/ate- (only in pr. p. stabhūy/at-and y/amāna-), to stand firm |
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| स्तम्भ् | or stabh- (connected with skambh- q.v;in native lists written stanbh-) cl.5.9. P. () stabhn/oti-, stabhn/āti- (confer, compare ), or cl.1 A1. () st/ambhate- (pr. p. also stambhat- , stabhamāna-[ q.v ] ; perfect tense tast/ambha-, mbhat-, tastabh/uḥ-, parasmE-pada tastabhv/as-, vānd- ; tastabhān/a-, tastambhe- ; Aorist /astambhīt-; astāmpsīt- ; astabhat- grammar; future stambhitā-, bhiṣyati- ; infinitive mood stabdhum- ; ind.p. stabdhv/ā- etc.; stambhitvā- ; -st/abhya-and -stambham- ), to fix firmly, support, sustain, prop (especially the heavens) ; to support or hold up by contact with, reach up to (accusative) ; to stop, stop up, arrest, make stiff or immovable, paralyze etc. ; (A1.) to rest or lean on (locative case) ; to become stiff or immovable ; to become solid : Passive voice stabhyate- (Aorist astambhi-), to be firmly fixed or supported or propped etc. etc.: Causal stabhāy/ati-, to make firm, support ; to stop, arrest ; stambhayati-, te- (Aorist atastambhat-), to fix, establish, erect etc. ; to make stiff or rigid, paralyze ; to make solid ; to stop, arrest (also by magic) , suppress, check, restrain : Desiderative tistambhiṣati- grammar : Intensive tāstabhyate- [ confer, compare Greek , ; Lithuanian stambras,stimbras; German stampfo7n,stampfen; English stamp,stump.] |
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| स्था | cl.1 P. A1. () t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣārtham-,"to appoint any one as guardian";with sajjam-,"to make anything ready";with su-rakṣitam-,"to keep anything well guarded";with svīkṛtya-,"to make anything one's own";with pariśeṣam-,"to leave anything over or remaining") etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ-sthā-): Desiderative t/iṣṭhāsati-, to wish to stand etc. : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) |
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| स्तु | cl.2 P. A1. (; see ) st/auti- or stavīti-, stute- or stuvīte- (in also st/avate-,3. sg. stave-[with pass. sense], 1. 3. sg. stuṣ/e- imperative stoṣi-, parasmE-pada [mostly with pass. sense] stuvān/a-, st/avāna-or stavān/a-, st/avamāna-;in stunvanti-,in parasmE-pada stunvāna-; perfect tense tuṣṭāva-, tuṣṭuv/us-, tuṣṭuv/e- etc.; Aorist astāvīt-or astauṣīt- etc.; stoṣat-, stoṣāṇi- ; /astoṣṭa- etc.; preceding stūyāt- grammar; future stavitā-or stotā- ; future staviṣy/ati-, te- ; stoṣyati-, te- etc.; Conditional astoṣyat- ; infinitive mood stotum- etc.; stavitum- ; st/otave-, stav/adhyai- ; ind.p. stutv/ā- etc.; -st/utya- etc.; -stūya- etc.), to praise, laud, eulogize, extol, celebrate in song or hymns (in ritual,"to chant" , with locative case of the text from which the sāman- comes) etc. etc.: Passive voice stūy/ate- (Aorist astāvi-), to be praised or celebrated ; stāyamāna- mfn. being praised : Causal stāvayati- (Aorist atuṣṭavat- ; ṭuvat- ), to praise, celebrate ; (stāvayate-), to cause to praise or celebrate : Desiderative tuṣṭūṣati-, te- (past participle tuṣṭūṣita-), to wish to celebrate : Intensive toṣṭūyate-, toṣṭoti- grammar |
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| स्तुम्भ् | (confer, compare stambh-and stubh-;in native lists written stunbh-) cl.5.9. P. stubhnoti-, stubhn/āti-, to stop, stupefy; expel ( ). ([ confer, compare English stop, stump-.]) |
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| सू | (not separable in all forms fr.2. sū-; see 1. su-ṣ/ū-, asu-sū-,and4. su-) cl.6 P. () suv/ati- (in also te-,and according to to also savati-and -sauti-; perfect tense suṣuv/e- ; parasmE-pada suṣuvāṇ/a- q.v; Aorist asāvīt-, sāviṣat- : Passive voice sūy/ate- etc.) , to set in motion, urge, impel, vivify, create, produce etc. ; to hurl upon ; to grant, bestow (especially said of savitṛ-) ; to appoint or consecrate to (A1."to let one's self be consecrated") ; to allow, authorize : Intensive soṣavīti-, to urge or impel violently (said of savitṛ-) |
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| सू | (see 1. sū-and5. su-) cl.2 A1. () sūte- (1. sg. proper suve-,3. sg. imperfect tense asūta-;in later language also sūyate-[ ] and in compound with pra-also -savati-and -sauti-[ see ]; perfect tense sasūva- ; suṣuv/e- etc.; susāva- etc.; Aorist asuṣot- ; ṣavuḥ- ; asoṣṭa- ; asauṣīt-and asaviṣṭa- grammar; future sotā-, savitā- ; soṣy/ati-, te- etc.; saviṣyati-, te- etc.; parasmE-pada f. s/ūṣyantī- ; soṣy/antī-[ sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ] ; infinitive mood s/ūtave- ; sūtav/ai- ; s/avitave- ; sotum-or savitum- grammar; ind.p. sūtv/ā- ; -sūya- etc.; -s/utya- ), to beget, procreate, bring forth, bear, produce, yield etc. etc.: Passive voice sūyate- (Aorist asāvi-), to be begotten or brought forth etc.: Causal sāvayati- grammar : Desiderative -susūṣati- |
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| शुभ् | (or 1. śumbh-) cl.1 A1. or cl.6 P. () ś/obhate-, śumbh/ati- or ś/umbhati- (Epic also śobhati-,and Vedic or Veda ś/umbhate-;3. sg. ś/obhe- ; perfect tense śuśobha-, śuśubhe- etc.; śuśumbha- grammar; Aorist, aśubhat-, aśobhiṣṭa-, aśumbhīt- ; parasmE-pada ś/umbhāna-, śubhān/a- ; future śobhitā-or śumbhitā- grammar; śobhiṣyati- ; śumbhiṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood śubh/e-, śobhāse- ; śobhitum- grammar), to beautify, embellish, adorn, beautify one's self. (A1.) look beautiful or handsome, shine, be bright or splendid ; (with iva-or yathā-,"to shine or look like";with na-,"to look bad, have a bad appearance, appear to disadvantage") etc. ; to prepare, make fit or ready, (A1.) prepare one's self. ; (ś/umbhate- according to to some) to flash or flit id est glide rapidly past or along (see śubhān/a-, śumbh/amāna-,and pra-śumbh-) ; (śumbhati-) wrongly for śundhati- (to be connected with śudh-,to purify) ; (śumbhati-) to harm, injure (in this sense rather to be regarded as a second śumbh- see 2. śumbh-, ni-śumbh-): Passive voice Aorist aśobhi-tarām- : Causal śobhayati- (Aorist aśūśubhat-; see śobhita-), to cause to shine beautify, ornament, decorate etc. ; (śubh/ayati-, te-) to ornament, decorate, (A1.) decorate one's self. ; (only pr. p. śubh/ayat-), to fly rapidly along : Desiderative śuśobhiṣate- (according to to grammar also ti-,and śuśubhiṣati-, te-), to wish to prepare or make ready : Intensive śośubhyate- (grammar also śośobdhi-), to shine brightly or in tensely, be very splendid or beautiful |
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| शुष् | (see śvas-) cl.6 P. śuṣ/ati- (1. sg. also -śuṣ/e-and parasmE-pada -śuṣāṇa-;See ā-śuṣ-). to hiss (as a serpent) |
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| स्यन्द् | (or syad-;often confounded with spand-) cl.1 A1. () sy/andate- (Epic and mc. also ti-; perfect tense siṣy/anda-, siṣyad/uḥ- ; sasyande-, dire- grammar; Aorist 2. 3. sg. -asyān- ; asyandiṣṭa-, asyantta-, asyadat- grammar; future syanttā-, syanditā- ; syantsy/ati- ; syandiṣyate-, syantsyate- grammar; infinitive mood sy/ade- ; sy/anttum- ; ind.p. syanttv/ā-, syattv/ā-, -syadya- ; syanditvā- grammar), to move or flow on rapidly, flow, stream, run, drive (in a carriage), rush, hasten, speed etc. ; to discharge liquid, trickle, ooze, drip, sprinkle, pour forth (accusative) etc. ; to issue from (ablative) : Causal syandayati- (Aorist /asiṣyadat-;Ved. infinitive mood syandayādhyai-), to stream, flow, run etc. ; to cause to flow or run : Desiderative sisyandiṣate-, sisyantsate-, sisyantsati- grammar : Intensive See acchā-syand-, under 3. accha-, and next. |
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| तप् | cl.1. t/apati- (rarely A1.; subjunctive pāti- ; parasmE-pada t/apat- etc.; cl.4. parasmE-pada t/apyat- ; perfect tense 1. sg. tat/apa- ;3. sg. t/āpa-, ; parasmE-pada tepān/a- ; future tapsy/ati- etc.: te-& tapiṣyati- ) to give out heat, be hot, shine (as the sun) etc. ; to make hot or warm, heat, shine upon ; to consume or destroy by heat ; to suffer pain ; (with paścāt-) to repent of ; to torment one's self, undergo self-mortification, practise austerity (tapas-) etc. ; to cause pain to, injure, damage, spoil Passive voice or cl.4 A1. tapy/ate- (;or t/apy- ; parasmE-pada py/amāna- ; t/apy-, ; confer, compare /a--; Aorist atāpi- ; atapta- ; perfect tense tepe- etc.; parasmE-pada pān/a- ;also P. tapyati-, pyet-, atapyat-,etc. ) to be heated or burnt, become hot etc. ; to be purified by austerities (as the soul) ; to suffer or feel pain etc. ; to suffer pain voluntarily, undergo austerity (tapas-) etc.: Causal tāpayati-, te- (parasmE-pada p/ayat- ; Passive voice pyate- etc.; Aorist atītape-& [Subj.] tat/apate- ) to make warm or hot, etc. ; to consume by heat etc. ; to cause pain, trouble, distress etc. ; to torment one's self, undergo penance, : Intensive (parasmE-pada tātapyamāna-) to feel violent pain, be in great anxiety ([ confer, compare Latin tepeoetc.]) |
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| तॄ | cl.1 P. (rarely A1.) t/arati- (subjunctive t/arat- imperfect tense /atarat-, parasmE-pada t/arat- infinitive mood tar/adhyai-, rīṣ/ani- ) cl.5. tarute- (; Potential 1. plural turyāma-, ) cl.3. titarti- (; parasmE-pada Nominal verb plural t/itratas- ; Potential tutury/āt-, ) , with prepositions Vedic or Veda chiefly cl.6 P. A1. (tir/ate- subjunctive tirāti- imperfect tense /atirat-, parasmE-pada tir/at- infinitive mood t/iram-, t/ire- ; Aorist /atārīt-, ;1. plural riṣma- , rima- ; t/aruṣante- , ta-i, ṣema- [ confer, compare ]; A1.and Passive voice -tāri- ; P. atārṣīt- ; ṣam- ; perfect tense tatāra- etc.;3. plural titirur-, ; teritha-, ratur- ; parasmE-pada titirv/as- genitive case tatar/uṣas- ; future tariṣyati-, rīṣ-, taritā-, rītā-[ confer, compare pra-t/ar-] ; t/arutā- ; preceding tīryāt-, tariṣīṣṭa- ; infinitive mood tartum- ; rīt- rit- ; ind.p. tīrtv/ā- ; -t/ūrya-See vi--) to pass across or over, cross over (a river), sail across etc. ; to float, swim ; to get through, attain an end or aim, live through (a definite period), study to the end etc. ; to fulfil, accomplish, perform ; to surpass, overcome, subdue, escape etc. ; to acquire, gain, ; A1. to contend, compete ; to carry through or over, save, : Causal tārayati- (parasmE-pada r/ayat-) to carry or lead over or across etc. ; to cause to arrive at ; to rescue, save, liberate from (ablative) etc.: Desiderative titīrṣati- (also titariṣati-, rīṣ- ; parasmE-pada A1. titīrṣamāṇa- ) to wish to cross or reach by crossing : Intensive tartarīti- (2. dual number rīthas-; parasmE-pada genitive case t/arilratas-[ ];See also vi--; tātarti-, Scholiast or Commentator) to reach the end by passing or running or living through ; ([ confer, compare t/ara-, tir/as-, tīrṇ/a-; Latin termo,trans; Gothic thairh.]) |
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| तृण्ण | See /ati--, ava--, /ā--, v/i--, s/aṃ--. |
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| तृप् | cl.4. t/ṛpyati- ([ etc.;metrically also te-]) cl.5. [Subj. 2. sg. tṛpṇ/avas- imperative ṇuhi-, ṇut/am- (See also /a-tṛpṇuvat-); noti- and gaRa kṣubhnādi-] cl.6. [2. sg. tṛmp/asi- imperative p/a-, patu-,etc. ; see Va1rtt. 1 ; tṛpati- ; perfect tense parasmE-pada A1. tātṛpāṇ/a- ; P. tatarpa-;3. plural tātṛpur- ; Aorist atṛpat- or atrāpsīt- vArttika; atarpīt-, atārpsīt- ; future 1st tarpiṣyati-(but see ), tarpsy-, trapsy-; Conditional atrapsyat- ; future 2nd tarpitā-, ptā-, traptā- on ] to satisfy one's self, become satiated or satisfied, be pleased with (genitive case instrumental case,or rarely locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' nāgnis tṛpyati kāṣṭhānām-,"fire is not satisfied with wood"; /atṛpyan brāhmaṇ/ā dh/anaiḥ-,"the brahman-s were pleased with wealth") etc. ; to enjoy (with ablative) ; to satisfy, please : cl.1. tarpati-, to kindle : Causal tarpayati-, rarely te- (imperfect tense atarpayat- etc.; parasmE-pada tarp/ayat- ; Aorist atītṛpat- ; /atītṛpāma- ; infinitive mood t/arpayitav/ai- ) to satiate, satisfy, refresh, gladden etc. ; A1. to become satiated or satisfied ; to kindle : Desiderative (subjunctive t/itṛpsāt-) to wish to enjoy : Causal Desiderative (Potential titarpayiṣet-) to wish to satiate or refresh or satisfy : Intensive tarītṛpyate-, tarītarpti-, trapti- ; ([ see tṛph-;.]) |
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| तुद् | cl.6 P. d/ati- (parasmE-pada f. datī-or dantī- ; perfect tense tut/oda-; future 2nd totsyati-or tottā-, ; Aorist atautsīt-) to push, strike, goad, bruise, sting, vex etc. ; Passive voice to pain (said of a wound) : Causal See todita- ; ([ confer, compare t/ottra-etc.; etc.; Latin tundo.]) |
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| तुरण्य | (gaRa kaṇḍv-ādi-) Nom. y/ati- (p. y/at-) to be quick or swift, 1; iv, 40, 3 ; to accelerate, 4; . |
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| तुरीय | Nom. y/ati-, to go |
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| त्विष् | (cl.1. tveṣati-, te- ; Aorist atvikṣat-[ see ] ; plural /atviṣur-, ṣanta-, /atitviṣanta-; perfect tense titviṣ/e-, parasmE-pada ṣāṇ/a-) A1. to be violently agitated or moved or excited or troubled ; (P.) ; P. A1. to excite, instigate ; to shine, glitter, (pr. p. tviṣyat-) ; see ava--. |
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| उब्ज् | cl.6 P. ubj/ati- (ubjāṃ-cakāra-, ubjitā-, ubjiṣyati-, aubjīt- ) to press down, keep under, subdue ; to make straight ; to make honest on : Causal ubjayati-, aubjijat- : Desiderative ubjijiṣati- on |
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| उक्ष् | cl.1 P. A1. ukṣ/ati-, ukṣ/ate- (parasmE-pada /ukṣat- ukṣamāṇa- ; ukṣāṃ-cakāra-[ ;for vav/akṣa-etc.See vakṣ-]; /aukṣat-and /aukṣīt-, ukṣitum-) to sprinkle, moisten, wet etc. ; to sprinkle or scatter in small drops ; to emit ; to throw out, scatter (as sparks) etc. ; to emit seed (as a bull) ; to be strong : Causal A1. ukṣayate-, to strengthen ; ([ confer, compare Lithuanian Ukana: Hibernian or Irish uisg,uisge,"water, a river";uisgeach,"aquatic, watery, fluid, moist, pluvial:" Greek , : Latin u1veo(forugveo),Umor,etc.]) |
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| उक्षण्य | Nom. P. ukṣaṇy/ati-, to wish for bulls etc. ; to desire one who pours down riches ([ ]) |
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| उपाचरित | m. (in grammar) a particular saṃdhi- rule (by which a visarga- in the pada-pāṭha- becomes s-before k-and p-in the saṃhitā- exempli gratia, 'for example' y/as p/atiḥ- ) |
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| उपार्ष् | ( upa-ṛṣ-) P. uparṣ/ati- (against ;See ) and upārṣati- () , to pierce, prick, goad |
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| उरुष्य | Nom. (fr. uru- ;perhaps an irregular future or Desiderative of1. vṛ-?) P. uruṣy/ati- (Ved. imperative 2. sg. uruṣy/ā- ) to protect, secure, defend from (ablative) |
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| उत्खिद् | (ud-- khid-) P. -khid/ati-, to draw out, extract |
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| उत्सि | (ud-si-) P. -sin/āti-, to fetter, chain |
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| वा | cl.2 P. () v/āti- (perfect tense vavau- etc.; Aorist avāsīt- ; future vāsyati- ; infinitive mood vātum- ), to blow (as the wind) etc. ; to procure or bestow anything (accusative) by blowing ; to blow towards or upon (accusative) ; to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume) ; to smell (trans.) (varia lectio) ; to hurt, injure : Causal vāpayati- See nir-vā- and confer, compare vājaya-: Desiderative vivāsati- See 1. van-. ([ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin ventus; Slavonic or Slavonian vejati; Gothic waian,winds; German wa7jan,woejen,wehen,Wind; Anglo-Saxon wa7wan; English wind.]) |
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| वच् | cl.2 P. () vakti- (occurs only in sg. vacmi-, vakṣi-, vakti-,and imperative vaktu-; Vedic or Veda also cl.3 P. v/ivakti-; perfect tense uv/āca-, ūj- etc.; uv/aktha- ; vavāca-, vavakṣ/e- ; Aorist avocat-, cata- etc.;in veda- also subjunctive vocati-, te-, vecāti-; Potential voc/et-, ceta-; imperative vocatu-; preceding ucyāsam- ; future vakt/ā- etc.; vakṣy/ati- etc.; te- ; Conditional avakṣyat- ; infinitive mood vāktum- etc.; tave- ; tos- ; ind.p. uktv/ā- etc.; -/ucya- ), to speak, say, tell, utter, announce, declare, mention, proclaim, recite, describe (with accusative with or without prati- dative case or genitive case of Persian,and accusative of thing;often with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tam idaṃ vākyam uvāca-,"he spoke this speech to him";with double accusative also"to name, call"A1.with nom;"one's self";with punar-,"to speak again, repeat";or "to answer, reply") etc. ; to reproach, revile (accusative) : Passive voice ucy/ate- (Aorist avāci-,or in later language avoci-), to be spoken or said or told or uttered etc. etc. (yad ucyate-,"what the saying is") ; to resound ; to be called or accounted, be regarded as, pass for (Nominal verb also locative case) etc.: Causal vācayati-, te- (Potential vācayīta- ; Aorist avīvacat-; Passive voice vācyate-), to cause to say or speak or recite or pronounce (with, double accusative;often the object is to be supplied) etc. ; to cause anything written or printed to speak id est to read out loud etc. ; () to say, tell, declare ; to promise : Desiderative vivakṣati-, te- (Passive voice vivakṣyate-), to desire to say or speak or recite or proclaim or declare etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant : Intensive (only /avāvacīt-) to call or cry aloud [ confer, compare Greek for in, etc.; Latin vocare,vox; German gi-waht,gi-wahinnen,er-wähnen.] |
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| वद् | cl.1 P. A1. () v/adati-, te- (Epic mc. also vādati-; Potential udeyam- ; perfect tense uvāda- plural ūdim/a- ; ūde-etc. ; veditha-, dailuḥ-, duḥ- ; Aorist avādīt-, diṣuḥ- etc.; subjunctive vādiṣaḥ- ; avādiran- ; vadiṣma-, ṣihāḥ- ; preceding udyāt- ; future vadiṣy/ati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood v/aditos- ; vaditum- etc.; ind.p. uditvā- ; -udya- ), to speak, say, utter, tell, report, speak to, talk with, address (P.or A1.;with accusative of the thing said, and accusative [with or without abhi-]or genitive case,or locative case of the person addressed;also followed by yad-,"that", or by yadi-,"whether") etc. ; (P.) to praise, recommend ; to adjudge, adjudicate ; to indicate, designate ; to proclaim, announce, foretell, bespeak etc. ; to allege, affirm ; to declare (any one or anything) to be, call (two accusative or accusative and Nominal verb with iti-) etc. ; (with or scilicet vācam-) to raise the voice, sing, utter a cry (said of birds and 9.) etc. ; (A1.) to say, tell, speak to (accusative) etc. ; to mention, state, communicate, name ; to confer or dispute about ; to contend, quarrel ; to lay claim to (locative case) ; to be an authority, be eminent in (locative case) ; to triumph, exult : Passive voice udy/ate- (Aorist avādi-), to be said or spoken etc. : Causal vād/ayati- m.c. also te- (see ; Aorist avīvadat-; Passive voice vādyate-, Epic also ti-), to cause to speak or say ; to cause to sound, strike, play (with instrumental case,rarely locative case of the instrument) etc. ; to play music ; (with bahu-) to make much ado about one's self. ; to cause a musical instrument (accusative) to be played by (instrumental case) Va1rtt. 2 ; to speak, recite, rehearse : Desiderative vivadiṣati-, te-, to desire to speak, : Intensive v/āvadīti- ( ), vāvady/ate-, (), vāvatti- (grammar), to speak or sound aloud. [ confer, compare Lit.vadi4nti.] |
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| वधर्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to hurl a thunderbolt (only f.of pr. p. vadhary/antī-,"casting a bolt", prob. = lightning) |
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| वह् | cl.1 P. A1. () v/ahati-, te- (in later language A1.only mc.;Vedic forms which may partly belong to the Aorist are v/akṣi-, voḍham-, ḍh/ām-or voḷham-, ḷh/ām-, uhīta-, v/akṣva-, voḍhvam-, ūḍhvam-, /uhāna-; perfect tense uvāha-, ūh/uḥ-; ūh/e- etc.; vavāha-, hatuḥ- ; Aorist Ved. /avākṣīt-or /avāṭ- subjunctive v/akṣat-, ati-, preceding uhyāt-; avakṣi-, avoḍha- grammar; future voḍh/ā- ; vakṣy/ati-, te- etc.; vahiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood voḍhum- etc. etc. [Ved. also ḍhave-and ḍhavai-]; vāhe- ; v/ahadhyai- ; ind.p. ūḍhvā- ; -/uhya- etc.; confer, compare 1. ūh-), to carry, transport, convey (with instrumental case of vehicle) etc. ; to lead, conduct (especially offerings to the gods, said of agni-) ; to bear along (water, said of rivers) ; to draw (a car), guide (horses etc.) ; to lead towards, to bring, procure, bestow ; to cause, effect ; to offer (a sacrifice) ; to spread, diffuse (scent) ; to shed (tears) ; to carry away, carry off, rob etc. ; to lead home, take to wife, marry etc. ; to bear or carry on or with (Inc. or instrumental case) etc. ; to take or carry with or about one's self, have, possess ; to wear (clothes) ; (with śiras-) to bear one's head (uccaiś-tarām-,"high") ; (with vasuṃdharām-or kṣmā-maṇḍālam-) to support id est rule the earth ; (with garbham-) to be with child ; to bear, suffer, endure ; to forbear, forgive, pardon ; to undergo (with agnim-, viṣam-, tulām-,"the ordeal of fire, poison, and the balance") ; to experience, feel etc. ; to exhibit, show, betray ; to pay (a fine) ; to pass, spend (time) ; (intrans.) to drive, ride, go by or in (with instrumental case of the vehicle) , be borne or carried along, run, swim etc. etc. ; to draw (scilicet a carriage, said of a horse) ; to blow (as wind) ; to pass away, elapse : Passive voice uhy/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist avāhi-), to be carried (uhyamāna-,"being carried") etc. ; to be drawn or borne by (instrumental case) or along or off etc. etc.: Causal vāhayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist avīvahat-; Passive voice vāhyate-), to cause to bear or carry or convey or draw (with two accusative Va1rtt. 6 ), drive (a chariot), guide or ride (a horse), propel (a boat), go or travel by any vehicle etc. ; to cause to guide (two accusative) ; to cause any one (accusative) to carry anything (accusative) on (locative case) ; to cause to take in marriage ; to cause to be conveyed by (instrumental case) ; to traverse (a road) ; to accomplish (a journey) ; to employ, keep going or in work ; to give, administer (See vāhita-) ; to take in, deceive (See idem or '1. 2. vasra-. See p.932, and column 1.'): Desiderative vivakṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive vanīvāhy/ate-, to carry hither and thither (confer, compare vanīv/āhana-and vanīvāhit/a-) ; vāvahīti-, to bear (a burden) ; vāvahyate-, vāvoḍhi- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for , ; Latin vehere,vehiculum; Slavonic or Slavonian vesti; Lithuanian ve4z3ti; Gothic gawigan; German wëgan,bewegen; English weigh.]) |
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| वाजय | (see vaj-) Nom. P. A1. y/ati-, te- (infinitive mood vājay/adhyai-), to race, speed, hasten, run, contend, vie ; to urge on, incite, impel ; P. (vāj/ayati-), to worship ; to fan, kindle (considered as Causal of vā-) |
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| वल्गूय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to treat kindly ; to exult |
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| वन् | cl.1 P. () v/anati- (Vedic or Veda also te-,and van/ati-) ; cl.8 P. A1. () van/oti-, vanut/e- (perfect tense vāv/āna-, vāv/antha-, vavanm/a-, vavn/e-; parasmE-pada vavanv/as- ; Aorist vanta-, v/aṃsva- ; vaṃsat-, sate- ; vaniṣat- ; ṣanta- ; vanuṣanta-, ; Potential vaṃsīmahi-, vasīmahi- ; preceding vaniṣīṣṭa- vaṃsiṣīya- ; future vaniśā- grammar; vaniṣyate-, ; infinitive mood vanitum- grammar; -vantave- ), to like, love, wish, desire ; to gain, acquire, procure (for one's self or others) ; to conquer, win, become master of, possess ; to prepare, make ready for, aim at, attack ; to hurt, injure ( also"to sound";"to serve, honour, worship, help, aid") : Causal vanayati- or vānayati- ; varia lectio (confer, compare saṃ-van-): Desiderative v/ivāsati-, te-, to attract, seek to win over : Intensive (only vāv/anaḥ-and vāvandh/i-;but confer, compare vanīvan-) to love, like [ confer, compare Latin venia,Venus; Got.gawinnan; German gewinnen; English win.] |
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| वनस्पति | m. (vanas--) (vanas-prob. a form of the genitive case; see 2. van-and r/aithas-p/ati-) "king of the wood"a, forest-tree (especially a large tree bearing fruit apparently without blossoms, as several species of the fig, the jack tree etc., but also applied to any tree) etc. |
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| वनुष्य | (fr. van/us-) Nom. P. A1. ṣy/ati-, te-, to plot against, attack, assail ; (A1.) to wish for, desire |
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| वप् | cl.1 P. A1. () v/apati-, te- (Potential upet- ; perfect tense uvāpa-, ūp/uḥ-; ūpe- etc.; vavāpa- ; -vepe- on ; Aorist avāpsīt- etc.; avapta- grammar; Potential upyāt- ; future vaptā- ; vapsy/ati- ; vapiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood vaptum- grammar; ind.p. uptvā- ; -/upya- etc.), to strew, scatter (especially seed) , sow, bestrew etc. ; to throw, cast (dice) ; to procreate, beget (See vapus-and 2. vaptṛ-) ; to throw or heap up, dam up : Passive voice upy/ate- (Aorist vāpi- ), to be strewn or sown etc. etc.: Causal vāpayati- (Aorist avlvapat- grammar) to sow, plant, put in the ground : Desiderative vivapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive vāvapyate-, vāvapti- |
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| वपुष्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to wonder be astonished |
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| वर | m. boon, gift, reward, benefit, blessing, favour (v/arāya-, v/aram /ā-, pr/ati v/aram-or v/araṃ varam-,"according to wish, to one's heart's content"; mad-varāt-,"in consequence of the boon granted by me"; v/araṃ-vṛ-,"to choose a boon"; varaṃ-yāc-or ā-kāṅkṣ-or brū-or Causal of pra-arth-,"to prefer a request"; v/araṃdā-,"to grant a boon or blessing"; varam pra-dā-or pra-yam- idem or 'm. (rarely n.; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) "act or object of choosing", election, wish, request'; varaṃ-labh-,"to receive a boon or reward") etc. |
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| वरेय | Nom. P. y/ati- (fr. 2. vara-), to be a suitor, ask in marriage (infinitive mood y/am-) |
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| वरिवस्य | Nom. P. sy/ati-, to grant room or space, give relief. concede, permit ; to show favour, wait upon, cherish, tend (parasmE-pada syamāna- equals varivacyita- ) |
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| वस् | (a Vedic root connected with1. uṣ- q.v;not in ) cl.6 P., ucch/ati- (perfect tense uv/āsa-, ūṣ/uḥ- etc.; Aorist avāt-[?] ; avasran- ; Conditional avatsyat- ;Ved. infinitive mood v/astave-, -/uṣi-), to shine, grow bright (especially applied to the dawn) ; to bestow by shining upon (dative case) ; (with dūr/e-) to drive away by shining : Causal vās/ayati-, to cause to shine [ confer, compare vasar-in vasar-han-; Greek for ; Latin ve1retc.] |
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| वस्नय | Nom. P. y/ati- (only pr. p. y/at-), to higgle, haggle |
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| वस्तु | f. (for 2.See) becoming light, dawning, morning (genitive case v/astoḥ-,in the morning; v/astor vastoḥ-,every morning; v/astor asy/āḥ-,this morning; pr/ati v/astoḥ-,towards morning; dative case v/astave-See under2. vas-). |
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| वसूय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to desire wealth |
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| वे | (see ūy-) cl.1 P. A1. () v/ayati-, te- (perfect tense parasmE-pada vavau-or uvāya-;2. sg. uvayitha- grammar;3. plural vavuḥ- ; ūvuḥ- ; ūyuḥ- ; A1. vave-, ūve-, ūye- grammar; Aorist avāsīt-, avāsta- grammar; preceding ūyāt-, vāsīṣṭa- ; future vātā- ; vāsyati-, te- ; vayiṣy/ati- ; infinitive mood /otum-, /otave-, /otav/ai- ; v/ātave- ), to weave, interweave, braid, plait (figuratively to string or join together artificially, make, compose exempli gratia, 'for example' speeches, hymns) etc. ; to make into a cover, into a web or web-like covering, overspread as with a web (said of a cloud-like mass of arrows filling the air) : Passive voice ūyate- (Aorist avāyi-) grammar : Causal vāyayati- : Desiderative vivāsati-, te- : Intensive vāvāyate-, vāveti-, vāvāti- |
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| विछ् | cl.10 P. () vicchayati-, to speak or to shine ; vicchāy/ati- (; see ), to go (with ny-ā-,to press or rub one's self against): Causal vicchāy/ayati-, to press, bring into straits (perhaps ) . |
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| विद् | cl.2 P. () vetti- (vidmahe- ; vedati-, te- ; vid/ati-, te- etc.; vindati-, te- etc.; imperative vidāṃ-karotu- [ confer, compare ];1. sg. imperfect tense avedam-,2. sg. avet-or aves-[ ] etc.;3. plural avidus- [ confer, compare ]; avidan- etc.; perfect tense v/eda-[often substituted for proper vetti- confer, compare ], 3. plural vid/us-or vidre- ; viveda- etc.; vidāṃcak/āra- etc.[ confer, compare ; according to to also vidām-babhūva-]; Aorist avedīt- ; vidām-akran- ; future vedit/ā- ; vettā- future vediṣyati-, te- ; vetsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood v/editum-, tos- ; vettum- etc.; ind.p. viditv/ā- etc.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with accusative,in older, language also with genitive case;with infinitive mood = to know how to) etc. (viddhi yathā-,"know that"; vidyāt-,"one should know","it should be understood"; ya evam veda-[in ],"who knows thus","who has this knowledge") ; to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (especially in 3. plural vidus-,with two accusative or with accusative and Nominal verb with iti-, exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ-,"they consider or call him aged"; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ-,"they consider me a rājarṣi-") etc. ; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with genitive case or accusative) ; to experience, feel (accusative or genitive case) etc. ; to wish to know, inquire about (accusative) : Causal ved/ayate- (rarely ti-; Aorist avīvidat-; Passive voice vedyate-), to make known, announce, report, tell etc. ; to teach, explain ; to recognize or regard as, take for (two accusative) etc. ; to feel, experience etc.: Desiderative of Causal in vivedayiṣu- q.v : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc) : Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for , for equals veda-; Latin videre; Slavonic or Slavonian ve8de8ti; Gothic witan,wait; German wizzan,wissen; Anglo-Saxon wa7t; English wot.]) |
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| विद् | (originally identical with1. vid-) cl.6 P. A1. () vind/ati-, te- (Vedic or Veda also vitt/e-, vid/e-; parasmE-pada vidān/a-or vidāna-[ q.v ]; Epic 3. plural vindate- Potential vindyāt-,often equals vidyāt-; perfect tense viv/eda-[3. plural vividus- subjunctive vividat-], vividv/as-,3. plural vividre-, vidr/e- etc.; parasmE-pada vividv/as- ; vividivas- ; Aorist /avidat-, data- [ Vedic or Veda subjunctive vid/āsi-, d/āt-; Potential vid/et-, deta- ;3. sg. videṣṭa- ]; A1.1. sg. avitsi- ; future vettā-, vediṣyati- grammar; vetsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood vid/e- ; vettum- etc.; v/ettave- ; ttavai-[?] and tos- ; ind.p. vittv/ā- ; -vidya- etc.) , to find, discover, meet or fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess etc. etc. (with diśas-,to find out the quarters of she sky ) ; to get or procure for (dative case) ; to seek out, look for, attend to etc. ; to feel, experience ; to consider as, take for (two accusative) ; to come upon, befall, seize, visit ; to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce ; (A1. mc. also P.) to take to wife, marry (with or scilicet bhāryām-) etc. ; to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman) ; to obtain (a son, with or scilicet sutam-) : Passive voice or A1. vidy/ate- (Epic also ti-; parasmE-pada vidyamāna-[ q.v ]; Aorist avedi-), to be found, exist, be etc. ; (especially in later language) vidyate-,"there is, there exists", often with na-,"there is not" ; with bhoktum-,"there is something to eat" ; followed by a future ,"is it possible that?" ; yathā-vid/e-,"as it happens" id est "as usual","as well as possible" : Causal vedayati-, to cause to find etc. : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, te- grammar (see vivitsita-): Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- (for parasmE-pada v/evidat-and dāna-See vi--and saṃvid-). |
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| वीरुध् | f. (once in m.;fr. 3. vi-+1. rudh- equals ruh- see vi-sruh-) a plant, herb (especially a creeping plant or a low shrub) etc. (vīr/udhām p/atiḥ-,"lord of plants", in applied to soma-, in to the moon) |
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| विश् | cl.6 P. () viś/ati- (rarely, in later language mostly mc. also A1. viśate-; perfect tense viv/eśa-, viviśe- etc.[ viveśitha-, viveśuḥ- ; viviśyās- ; parasmE-pada -viśiv/as- ; viviśivas-or viviśvas- ; aviveśīs- ]; Aorist /aviśran-, /avikṣmahi-, veśīt- ; avikṣat- etc.; avikṣata- grammar; preceding viśyāt- ; future veṣṭā- ; vekṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood veṣṭum- etc.; veṣṭavai- ; viśam- ; ind.p. -viśya- etc.) , to enter, enter in or settle down on, go into (accusative locative case,or antar-with genitive case), pervade etc. etc. (with punar-or bhūyas-,to re-enter, return, come back) ; to be absorbed into (accusative) ; (in astronomy) to come into conjunction with (accusative) ; (with agnim-, jvalanam-etc.) to enter the fire id est ascend the funeral pyre etc. ; (with apas-) to sink or be immersed in the water ; to enter (a house etc.) ; to appear (on the stage) ; to go home or to rest ; to sit down upon (accusative or locative case) ; to resort or betake one's self to (agratas-, agre-,or accusative) ; to flow into (and, join with,; applied to rivers and armies) ; to flow or redound to, fall to the share of (accusative) etc. ; to occur to (as a thought, with accusative) ; to befall, come to (as death, with accusative) ; to belong to, exist for (locative case) ; to fall or get into any state or condition (accusative) ; to enter upon, undertake, begin ; to mind (any business), attend to (dative case) : Causal veś/ayati-, te- (Aorist avīviśat-; Passive voice veśyate-), to cause to enter into (accusative) ; to cause to sit down on (locative case) : Desiderative vivikṣati-, to wish to enter (accusative) ; (with agnim-or vahnim-) to wish to enter the fire id est to ascend the funeral pyre : Intensive veviśyate-, veveṣṭi-, grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin vicus; Lithuanian ve0sze8ti; Slavonic or Slavonian vi8si8; Gothic weihs; Anglo-Saxon wi7c; Germ,wi7ch,Weich-bild.]) |
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| विश् | f. (m.only ; Nominal verb sg. v/iṭ-; locative case plural vikṣ/u-) a settlement, homestead, house, dwelling (viś/as p/ati-"lord of the house"applied to agni- and indra-) |
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| विथुर्य | Nom. P. y/ati-, to stagger, totter |
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| वितुद् | P. A1. -tudati-, te-, to pierce, tear, strike, scourge, sting, prick etc. ; to strike id est play (a musical instrument) : Causal -tudāy/ati-, to prick, sting |
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| वृ | cl.5.9. P. A1. () vṛṇoti-, vṛṇute- ; vṛṇ/āti-, (mostly) vṛṇīt/e- (in also v/aras-, rat-, ranta-,but these may be subjunctive Aorist; perfect tense vavāra- ; vavre- [2. sg. vavṛṣ/e-,1. plural vavṛm/ahe-]etc.; Aorist avri-, avṛta- [ Potential vurīta-, parasmE-pada urāṇ/a-]etc.; avṛṣi-, ṣata- [2. plural avṛḍhvam-] ; avarīṣṭa- grammar; preceding variṣīṣṭa- ; future varītā- ; variṣyate- ; varīṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood varītum- ; varitum- grammar; ind.p. varitvā-or vṛtvā- etc.; varītvā- grammar), to choose, select, choose for one's self, choose as (-arthe-or accusative of Persian) or for (-artham-or dative case, locative case instrumental case of thing) etc. ; to choose in marriage, woo etc. ; to ask a person (accusative) for (accusative) or on behalf of (kṛte-) ; to solicit anything (accusative) from (ablative or -tas-), ; to ask or request that (Potential with or without iti-) ; to like better than, prefer to (ablative,rarely instrumental case) ; to like, love (as opp. to"hate") ; to choose or pick out a person (for a boon), grant (a boon) to (accusative) : Causal () varayati-, te- (Epic also vārayati-; Passive voice vary/ate- ) ; to choose, choose for one's self, choose as (accusative of Persian) or for (-artham- dative case or locative case of thing) , ask or sue for (accusative) or on behalf of (dative case or -arthe-), choose as a wife (accusative with or without patnīm-, dārān-,or patny-artham-) etc. ; to like, love well [ confer, compare Latin velle; Slavonic or Slavonian voliti; Got.wiljian; German wollan,wollen,Wahl,wohl; Anglo-Saxon willan; English will.] |
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| व्रश्च् | (see vṛk-) cl.6 P. () vṛśc/ati- (pr. p. vṛkṇan-[?] ; perfect tense vavraśca-, citha- grammar; Aorist avraścīt-, avrākṣīt- ; vṛkṣi- ; future vraścitā-, vraṣṭā- grammar; vraściṣyati-, vrakṣyati- ; ind.p. vraścitvā- ; vṛṣṭv/ā- ; vṛktv/ī- ; -vr/aścam-, -vṛtcya- etc.), to cut down or off or asunder, cleave, hew, fell (a tree) etc. etc.: Passive voice vṛścy/ate- (in also vṛśc/ate-), to be cut down or off etc.: Causal vraścayati- (Aorist avavraścat-) grammar : Desiderative vivraściṣati-, vivrakṣati- : Intensive varīvṛścyate-, varīvṛtcīti- |
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| वृत् | cl.1 A1. () v/artate- (rarely ti-;in veda- also vavartti-and [once in ] vartti-; subjunctive vav/artat-, vavartati-, vavṛtat-; Potential vavṛtyāt-, vavṛtīya-; imperative vavṛtsva-; imperfect tense /avavṛtran-, tranta-; perfect tense vav/arta-, vavṛt/us-, vavṛt/e- [here also vāvṛt/e-]etc.; Aorist avart-, avṛtran- subjunctive v/artat-, vartta- ; avṛtat- etc.; avartiṣṭa- grammar;3. plural avṛtsata- ;2. sg. vartithās- ; preceding vartiṣīṣṭa- grammar; future vartitā- grammar; vartsy/ati-, te- etc.; vartiṣyati-, te- etc.; Conditional avartsyat- ; avartiṣyata- grammar; infinitive mood -v/ṛte- ; -v/ṛtas- ; vartitum- etc.; ind.p. vartitvā-and vṛttvā- grammar; -v/ṛtya- etc.; -v/artam- etc.), to turn, turn round, revolve, roll (also applied to the rolling down of tears) etc. ; to move or go on, get along, advance, proceed (with instrumental case"in a particular way or manner"), take place, occur, be performed, come off etc. ; to be, live, exist, be found, remain, stay, abide, dwell (with ātmani na-,"to be not in one's right mind";with manasi-or hṛdaye-,"to dwell or be turned or thought over in the mind";with mūrdhni-,"to be at the head of","to be of most importance"; kathaṃ vartate-with Nominal verb or kiṃ vartate-with genitive case,"how is it with?") ; to live on, subsist by (instrumental case or ind.p.), etc. ; to pass away (as time, ciraṃ vartate gatānām-,"it is long since we went") ; to depend on (locative case) ; to be in a particular condition, be engaged in or occupied with (locative case), etc. ; to be intent on, attend to (dative case) ; to stand or be used in the sense of (locative case) ; to act, conduct one's self, behave towards (locative case dative case,or accusative;also with itaretaram-or parasparam-,"mutually") etc. ; to act or deal with, follow a course of conduct (also with vṛttim-), show, display, employ, use, act in any way (instrumental case or accusative) towards (locative case with parājñayā-,"to act under another's command";with prajā-rūpeṇa-,"to assume the form of a son";with priy/am-,"to act kindly";with svāni-,"to mind one's own business"; kim idam vartase-,"what are you doing there?") etc. ; to tend or turn to, prove as (dative case) ; to be or exist or live at a particular time, be alive or present (confer, compare vartamāna-, vartiṣyamāṇa-,and vartsyat-,p.925) etc. ; to continue (with an ind.p., atītya vartante-,"they continue to excel"; iti vartate me buddhiḥ-,"such continues my opinion") etc. ; to hold good, continue in force, be supplied from what precedes ; to originate, arise from (ablative) or in (locative case) ; to become ; to associate with (saha-) ; to have illicit intercourse with (locative case) : Causal vart/ayati- (Aorist avīvṛtat-or avavartat-;in also A1. avavarti-; infinitive mood vartay/adhyai- ; Passive voice vartyate- ), to cause to turn or revolve, whirl, wave, brandish, hurl etc. ; to produce with a turning-lathe, make anything round (as a thunderbolt, a pill etc.) ; to cause to proceed or take place or be or exist, do, perform, accomplish, display, exhibit (feelings), raise or utter (a cry), shed (tears) etc. ; to cause to pass (as time), spend, pass, lead a life, live, subsist on or by (instrumental case), enter upon a course of conduct etc. (also with vṛttim-or vṛttyā-or vṛttena-;with bhaikṣeṇa-,"to live by begging"), conduct one's self, behave etc. ; to set forth, relate, recount, explain, declare ; to begin to instruct (dative case) ; to understand, know, learn ; to treat ; (in law, with śiras-or śīrṣam-) to offer one's self to be punished if another is proved innocent by an ordeal ; "to speak"or"to shine" (bhāṣārthe-or bhāsārthe-) : Desiderative v/ivṛtsati-, te- ( ), vivartiṣate- () , to wish to turn etc.: Intensive (Vedic or Veda , rarely in later language) v/arvartti-, varīvartti-, varīvarty/ate-, varīvartate-, parasmE-pada v/arvṛtat- and v/arvṛtāna- imperfect tense 3. sg. avarīvar-, 3. plural avarīvur- (grammar also varivartti-, varīvṛtīti-, varvṛtīti-, varīvṛtyate-), to turn, roll, revolve, be, exist, prevail [ confer, compare Latin vertere; Slavonic or Slavonian vru8te8ti,vratiti; Lithuanian varty4ti; Gothic wai4rthan; German werden; English -ward.] |
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| या | (collateral form of5. i-) cl.2 P. () y/āti- (1. plural yāmahe- ; imperfect tense 3. plural ayuḥ- ; ayān- Scholiast or Commentator; perfect tense yay/au-, yay/ātha-, yay/a-, yay/uḥ- etc.; yaye- ; Aorist ayāsam-or ayāsiṣam-; subjunctive y/āsat-, yeṣam-, yāsiṣat- ; preceding yāsiṣīṣṭhās- ; future yātā- etc.; yāsyati- ; te- ; infinitive mood yātum- etc.;Ved. infinitive mood y/ai-, y/ātave-or v/ai-; ind.p. yātv/ā- ; -y/āya-, -yāyam- ), to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey (often with instrumental case or accusative of the way, especially with gatim-, mārgam-, adhvānam-, panthānam-, padavīm-, yātrām-) etc. ; to go away, withdraw, retire etc. ; (also with palāyya-) to flee, escape (with kṣemeṇa-or svasti-,to escape unscathed ) ; to go towards or against, go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach etc. etc. (with accusative often followed by prati- exempli gratia, 'for example' with gṛham-,to enter a house;with ripum prati-,to march against the enemy;with mṛgayām-,to go out hunting;with śirasāmahīm-,to bow down to the ground with the head;with prakṛtim-,to return to one's natural state;with karṇau-,to come to the ears, be heard;with utsavād utsavam-,to go from one festival to another;with hastam- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to fall into the hands of;with patham-or gocaram- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to come within range of; especially with the accusative of an abstract noun = to go to any state or condition, become, be exempli gratia, 'for example' vināśaṃ yāti-,he goes to destruction id est he is destroyed; kāṭhinyaṃ yāti-,it becomes hard; dveṣyatāṃ yāti-,he becomes hated;similarly nidhanaṃ-yā-,to die; nidrāṃ-yā-,to fall asleep; udayaṃ-yā-,to rise, said of stars etc.;sometimes also with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yāhi rājñah sakāśe-,go into the presence of the king ;or even with dative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yayatuḥ sva-niveśāya-,both went home ; na cātmane kṛpaṇasya dhanaṃ yāti-,nor does the wealth of the miser go to [i.e. benefit] himself. ; phalebhyo yāti-,he goes to [fetch] fruits Scholiast or Commentator) ; to go to for any request, implore, solicit (with two accusative) ; (with striyam-) to go to a woman for sexual intercourse ; to go to for any purpose (infinitive mood) ; often with adverbs exempli gratia, 'for example' with bahir-, to go out ; with adho-, to go down, sink ; with khaṇḍaśo- or dalaśo-, to fall to pieces ; with śata-dhā-, to fall into a hundred pieces ; to extend to (accusative) ; to last for (accusative) ; to pass away, elapse (said of time) etc. ; to vanish, disappear (as wealth) ; to come to pass, prosper, succeed ; to proceed, behave, act ; to find out, discover ; to receive or learn (a science) from (ablative) ; to undertake, undergo (accusative) ; imperative yātu-, be it as it may : Passive voice yāyate-, to be gone or moved : Causal yāp/ayati- (Aorist ayīyapat-), to cause to depart, cause to go or march, dismiss ; to cause to go towards (accusative) (see yāpita-) ; to direct (the gaze) towards (locative case) (varia lectio pātayati-) ; to drive away remove, cure (a disease) ; to cause to pass or elapse, pass or spend (time) etc. ; to live (pāli- yāpeti-) ; to cause to subsist, support, maintain ; to induce : Desiderative yiyāsati-, to intend or be about to go, desire to proceed etc.: Intensive īyāyate- (?) , to move ; yāyayate-, yāyeti-, yāyāti- grammar |
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| यभ् | cl.1 P. () y/abhati- (or A1. te- ; perfect tense yayābha- grammar; Aorist ayāpsīt- ; future -yapsy/ati- ; infinitive mood yabhitum- , -yabdhum- ), to have sexual intercourse, futuere etc. etc.: Desiderative yiyapsati-, te-, to desire sexual intercourse |
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| यह्वत् | mf(/atī-)n. ever-flowing (waters) |
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| यज्ञाय | Nom. P. y/ati-, to be diligent in worship or in sacrifices |
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| यति | (fr. 3. ya-correlative of t/ati-;declined only in plural Nominal verb accusative y/ati-), as many as (= Latin quot), as often, how many or often (for 1. and 3. yati-See column 1 and p. 845) . |
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| यु | (see yuj-) cl.2 P. () yauti- (Vedic or Veda also A1. yut/e-and cl.6. yuv/ati-, te-; according to to also cl.9. yunāti-, yunīte-; perfect tense yuyāva-,2. sg. yuyavitha- ; yuyuv/e- ; Aorist -yāviṣṭam-(?) ; ayaviṣṭa- grammar; preceding yūyāt- ; future yuvitā- ; yavitā-, yaviṣyati-, te- grammar; ind.p. yutvā- ; -yūya- ; -yutya- ), to unite, attach, harness, yoke, bind, fasten ; to draw towards one's self, take hold or gain possession of, hold fast ; to push on towards (accusative) ; to confer or bestow upon (dative case), procure ; (yauti-), to worship, honour : Passive voice yūyate- (Aorist ayāvi-) grammar : Causal yāvayati- (Aorist ayīyavat-) : Desiderative of Causal yiyāvayiṣati- : Desiderative y/uyūṣati- (), yiyaviṣati- (grammar), to wish to unite or hold fast: Intensive yoyūyate-, yoyoti-, yoyavīti- etc. (See ā--, ni-yu-). |
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