|
 |
अभिदिग्ध | mfn. polished, glazed (in the fire, t/apasā-) id est sharp  |
 |
अभिलाप | m. declaration (as of the object of a vow) (see abhīlāpal/ap-.)  |
 |
अभीलापलप् | (or abhī-lāpal/ap-,fr. irreg. Intensive) mfn. ( lap-), excessively whimpering (see abhīmoda-m/ud-.)  |
 |
अभीमोदमुद् | (or abhī-modam/ud-,fr. irreg. Intensive) mfn. ( mud-), excessively joyful (see abhīlāpa-l/ap-.)  |
 |
अभीप | m. or n. (fr. 2. /ap-with abh/i-; see anūp/a-), only in compound with  |
 |
अभिपत् | to fly near, hasten near ; to rush towards, assail ; to fall down upon (accusative) (Aorist abhy-/apapta-& abhy-/apaptat-), etc. ; to fall or come into (accusative) ; to fly through or over ; to overtake in flying : Caus. -pātayati-, to throw after with (instrumental case) ; to throw upon (dative case or locative case) ; to throw down ; to pass (time). |
 |
अभिसप् | (3. plural A1. -s/apante-) to carry on, manage  |
 |
अभ्यपक्रम् | -kram-, -krāmati-, to go away towards (accusative) ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. -/apakramīs-) to come up to |
 |
अब्ज | mfn. (fr. 2. /ap-and jan-), born in water  |
 |
आके | ind. locative case (fr. 2. añc-with ā- see /apāka-,etc.)"hitherward" , near , ( )  |
 |
आमहीया | f. (scilicet ṛc-), Name of the verse /apāma s/omam- ( )  |
 |
अम्बुचारिन् | mfn. moving in water (as a fish, etc.) (see ap-cara- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. /ap-).  |
 |
अनूप | mfn. (fr. 2. /ap- q.v,with anu-), situated near the water, watery  |
 |
अप् | f. (in Vedic or Veda used in singular and plural,but in the classical language only in plural, /āpas-) water  |
 |
आप् | cl.5 P. āpn/oti- ([ ,etc.]), (perf. āpa- Aorist āpat- future āpsyati- infinitive mood āptum-) A1. (perf. 3. plural āpir/e- , parasmE-pada perfect tense āpān/a- ,but also present tense parasmE-pada /āpnāna- ) to reach, overtake, meet with, fall upon etc. ; to obtain, gain, take possession of etc. etc. ; to undergo, suffer ; to fall, come to any one ; to enter, pervade, occupy ; to equal: Passive voice āpyate-, to be reached or found or met with or obtained ; to arrive at one's aim or end, become filled etc.: Causal P. āpayati-, to cause to reach or obtain or gain etc. ; to cause any one to suffer ; to hit : Desiderative P. and A1. īpsati- and īpsate- ([ ]) to strive to reach or obtain etc.: Desiderative of the Causal āpipayiṣati-, to strive to reach ; ([probably connected with 1. ap-; confer, compare apna-; Greek , ; Latin apiscor, aptus-, ops-; Old German uoban; modern German üben.]) |
 |
आपा | P. -pibati-, (imperative 2. dual number /āpibatam- ; perfect tense -papau-: Passive voice -pīyate-,etc.) to drink in, suck in or up ; to sip ; to drink in with ears or eyes id est to hear or See with attention, hang on ; to absorb, take away: Causal -pāyayati-, to cause to drink or suck in  |
 |
अपचितिमत् | (/apaciti--) mfn. honoured  |
 |
अपधम् | (3. pl. -dhamanti- imperfect tense /apādhamat-2. sg. -adhamas-) to blow away or off  |
 |
अपाद्य | mf(ā-)n. (or /apādya-?), Name of certain iṣṭi-s (performed with the cavana vaiśvasṛja-) |
 |
अपगुह् | (subjunctive 2. sg. P. -gūhas- A1. -gūhathāś-; imperfect tense 3. plural /apāgūhan-; Aorist -aghu-kṣat-) to conceal, hide  |
 |
अपहतपाप्मन् | (/apahata--) mfn. having the evil warded off, free from evil  |
 |
अपाक् | and 1. /apāka- See /apāñc-.  |
 |
अपाका | (an old instrumental case case of 1. /apāñc-) ind. far  |
 |
अपाकचक्षस् | (/apāka--) mfn. shining far For a-pāka-2 See .  |
 |
अपक्रान्तमेध | (/ap--), mfn. sapless, pithless,  |
 |
अपाक्तात् | (/apāk--) ([ ]) ind. from behind.  |
 |
अपम | mfn. (fr. /apa-), the most distant, the last  |
 |
अपांनपात् | etc. See 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अपपरे | ( i-), (perf. 1. sg. /apa p/areto asmi-; /apa asmi-may also be taken by itself as fr. 1. apās-) to go off  |
 |
अपपित्व | n. (probably for -pittv/a-fr.2. pat-; see abhi-pitv/a-, ā-pitv/a-, pra-pitv/a-;but see also api-tv/a- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order /api-), turning away, separation  |
 |
अपप्रु | /apa-pravate-, Ved. to leap or jump down  |
 |
अपार् | ( apa-ṛ-), to open by removing anything (subjunctive A1.3. sg. /apa ṛṇut/a-), (3. plural /apa ṛṇvanti-) and (imperfect tense 2. sg. ṛṇ/or /apa-).  |
 |
अपर | mf(ā-)n. (fr. /apa-), posterior, later, latter (opposed to p/ūrva-;often in compound)  |
 |
अपरम् | ind. (/aparam-[ ]or apar/am-[ ]) in future, for the future  |
 |
अपरस्पर | See 2. /apara-. |
 |
अपरेद्युस् | See 2. /apara-.  |
 |
अपरिमितविध | (/aparimita--) mfn. indefinitely multiplied  |
 |
अपस् | n. (fr. 1. /ap-), work, action, especially sacred act, sacrificial act [ Latin opus-.]  |
 |
अपस् | mfn. (fr. 2. /ap-), watery. (So some passages of the ṛg-veda- [ ] may (according to and others) be translated where the word is applied to the running watersSee 2. ap/as-at end and ap/as-tama-.)  |
 |
अपशिरस् | ([ ]) or apa-śīrṣa-, or /apa-śīrṣan- ([ ]) mfn. headless.  |
 |
अपत्य | n. (fr. /apa-), offspring, child, descendant  |
 |
अपत्यवत् | (/apatya--) mfn. possessed of offspring  |
 |
अपवत् | See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अपविच् | cl.7. -vinakti- (imperfect tense /apāvinak-) to single out from, select ; cl.3. -vevekti- idem or 'n. freedom from obstruction '  |
 |
अपवृ | (imperfect tense 2. sg. /apāvṛṇos-,3. sg. /apāvṛṇot-; subjunctive -varat-; Aorist 2. and 3. sg. -āvar-[ -avar-],3. sg. A1. -avṛta-; Aorist subjunctive 1. sg. -vam-[for varm- ], 3. sg. -var-,3. plural -vran-,Imper. 2. sg. [in ]once /apa vṛdhi-and five times /apā vṛdhi-[ see apā--1. vṛ-and /apā-vṛta-]; perf. 2. sg. -vav/artha-,3. sg. -vavāra-) to open, uncover, exhibit ; (ind.p. -vṛtya-) ; (see apā--1 vṛ-): Causal -vārayati-,"to hide, conceal" See apa-vārita-.  |
 |
अपवृज् | A1. -vriṅkte- (Imper. 2 . sg. -vṛṅkṣva-; subjunctive 1. sg. -vṛṇ/ajai-; Aorist P. 3. sg. /apāvṛk-) to turn off, drive off ; to tear off ; (with /adhvānam-) carpere viam ([ ]) ; to leave off, determine, fulfil etc.: Causal -varjayati-, to quit, get rid of ; to sever, turn off from to transmit, bestow, grant  |
 |
अपे | ( i-) P. A1. apaiti-, /apāyati- (imperfect tense A1. /apāyata- ) to go away, withdraw, retire, run away, escape ; to vanish, disappear.  |
 |
अपेज् | ( īj-), /apejate- to drive away  |
 |
अपेष् | ( īṣ-), (Aorist 3. sg. /apa /aiyeḥ-) to withdraw from (ablative)  |
 |
अपी | See /apya-.  |
 |
अपी | ( i-), (Ved.) /apy-eti- to go in or near ; to enter into or upon ; to come near, approach (also in copulation ind.p. ap/ītyā-) ; to partake, have a share in ; to join to pour out (as a river).  |
 |
अपिगम् | Ved.to go into, enter, approach, join, [aor. subjunctive 3. plural /apigman- ] etc. ; to approach a woman  |
 |
अपिह्नु | (3. dual number /api hnutaḥ-) to refuse  |
 |
अपिपृच् | (Aorist 3. sg. aprāg /api-) to mix with (locative case) ; (-pṛñcanti- , according to a mistake for -vṛñjanti-.)  |
 |
अपिरुह् | /api-rohati-, to grow together, grow whole again  |
 |
अपिवती | (scilicet vāc-) f. of a conjecturable adjective (cf. mfn.) /apivatya-, intelligible (["containing the word api-or what is meant by api-"commentator or commentary and ])  |
 |
अपिवृज् | (3. plural -vṛñjanti-; Aorist 3. plural avṛjann /api- ) "to turn to", procure to, bestow upon (dative case or locative case)  |
 |
अप्नराज् | mfn. (apna- equals /apnas-below) , presiding over property  |
 |
अप्नस्वत् | (/apnas--) mfn. giving property, profitable  |
 |
अपोभ् | ( ubh-), (Imper. 2. plural /apombhata-) to bind, fetter  |
 |
अपोह् | (1 ūh-), -uhāti- (imperfect tense /apauhat-) to strip off, push away, frighten away etc., to remove or heal (diseases) ; A1. to keep away from one's self, avoid ; to give up ; (in disputation) to object, deny  |
 |
आपोहिष्ठीय | mfn. belonging to the hymn x, 9 of the (which begins with /āpo h/i ṣṭh/ā-)  |
 |
अपोनप्तृ | etc. See 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अपोर्णु | ( ūrṇu-), /apa ūrṇoti-, /aporṇute-, once aporṇauti- ([ ]), to uncover, unveil, open : A1. to uncover one's self.  |
 |
अप्पति | m. See 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अप्पित्त | n. See 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अप्सरस् | ās- ([ etc.]) , or ap-sar/ā- ([AV. etc.]), f. (fr. 2. /ap-+ sṛ-),"going in the waters or between the waters of the clouds", a class of female divinities (sometimes called"nymphs";they inhabit the sky, but often visit the earth;they are the wives of the gandharva-s(q.v)and have the faculty of changing their shapes at will;they are fond of the water;one of their number, rambhā-, is said to have been produced at the churning of the ocean).  |
 |
अप्सु | (locative case plural of 2. /ap- q.v), in the water or waters.  |
 |
अप्तुर् | (only accusative sg. and plural /uram-and /urac-) m. (fr. 1. /ap-+ tvar-), active, busy (said of the aśvin-s, of soma-, of agni-, of indra-)  |
 |
अप्त्य | See 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अपुस् | n. varia lectio for v/apus-  |
 |
अप्य | (2, 3) mf(/apyā-;once /apī- )n being in water, coming from water, connected with water (see 3. /āpya-).  |
 |
अप्य | See 2. /ap-.  |
 |
अप्याहृ | (Potential /apy /ā haret-) to take or assume in addition  |
 |
आरप् | P. (parasmE-pada -r/apat-) to whisper towards  |
 |
अर्ध | m. place, region, country (confer, compare /apy-ardham-, abhy-ardh/a-, parārdh/a-) ; [ Latin ordo; German ort.]  |
 |
अस्माक | mfn. (fr. asma-+ añc-? see /apāka-etc.) our, ours (see āsmāk/a-.)  |
 |
आतप् | -t/apati- (imperative -tapatu-;See ā-t/apat-and ā-t/apas- ss.vv.) to radiate heat : Passive voice (parasmE-pada -tapyamāna-) to suffer pain, be afflicted ; (with tapas-) to inflict (austerities) upon one's self  |
 |
आतपत् | mfn. (pr.p.) shining (as the sun) locative case ā-t/apati-, while the sun is shining  |
 |
अवलिप्त | mfn. (equals /api-ripta- q.v) blind (?)  |
 |
भस् | cl.3 P. ( ) b/abhasti- or (3. sg. and plural) b/apsati- (2. dual number bhasathas- ; subjunctive babhasat-or bh/asat- ; babdhām- ; future bhasitā-,vii, 2, 8 Va1rtt. 1. ; infinitive mood bhasitum- ), to chew, masticate, devour, consume (see psā-) ; to blame, abuse (see bharts-) ; to shine  |
 |
चक्षस् | m. "teacher of the gods", bṛhaspati- (see /apāka--, īya--, upāk/a--, ghor/a--, viśv/a--, s/ūra--, sv/ar--; uru--, duś--, nṛ--and su-c/akṣ-.)  |
 |
चन | ind. (ca n/a- ) and not, also not, even not, not even (this particle is placed after the word to which it gives force;a preceding verb is accentuated[ ];in Vedic language it is generally, but not always, found without any other negative particle, whereas in the later language another negative is usually added exempli gratia, 'for example' /āpaś can/apr/a minanti vrat/aṃ vāṃ-,"not even the waters violate your ordinance" ; n/āha vivyāca pṛthiv/ī can/āinaṃ-,"the earth even does not contain him", iii, 36, 4;in class. Sanskrit it is only used after the interrogatives k/a-, katar/a-, katam/a-, katham-, k/ad-, kad/ā-, kim-, k/utas-, kva-,making them indefinite) etc. also  |
 |
चि | cl.1. c/ayate- (parasmE-pada c/ayamāna-) to detest, hate ( ) ; to revenge, punish, take vengeance on (accusative), ; ([ see /apaciti-, kāti-;, , .])  |
 |
चितिका | f. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' "a layer" See p/añca-- and s/apta-citika-  |
 |
धि | = /adhi-2 (exempli gratia, 'for example' in dhi-ṣṭhita-[ ]for adhi-ṣṭhita- q.v; see pi- equals /api-, va- equals /ava-).  |
 |
दृप् | cl.4 P. dṛpyati- (darpati-only ; future dr/apsyati-or darpiṣyati- ; darpitā-, ptā-,and draptā- ; perfect tense dadarpa-; Aorist adṛpat- ; adrāpsīt- Va1rtt. 7; adarpīt-and adārp sīt- ) to be mad or foolish, to rave ; to be extravagant or wild, to be arrogant or proud, to be wildly delighted. etc. ; to light, kindle, inflame (darpati-or darpayati- varia lectio for chṛd-): Causal darpayati-, to make mad or proud or arrogant  |
 |
दुष्वप्न्य | (duṣv/apnya-) See duḥ-ṣv-.  |
 |
जझ्झती | f. plural (scilicet /āpas-) splashing or rushing waters ( )  |
 |
जम्भ | f. see ku--, t/apur-., tigm/a--, tṛṣṭa--, vīl/u--  |
 |
जप् | cl.1. j/apati- (rarely A1. ; perfect tense jajāpa-; 3. du. jepatur- ; infinitive mood japitum- ; ind.p. ptvā- ; pitvā- ) to utter in a low voice, whisper, mutter (especially prayers or incantations) etc. ; to pray to any one (accusative) in a low voice ; to invoke or call upon in a low voice : Intensive jañjapyate-, pīti- ( ; parasmE-pada py/amāna-) to whisper repeatedly (implying blame, ) |
 |
क | (exempli gratia, 'for example' kiṃ vilambena-,what is gained by delay? kim bahunā-,what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti-,what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and genitive case, nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ-,what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka- is often followed by the particles iva-, u-, nāma-, nu-, vā-, svid-, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (exempli gratia, 'for example' kim iva etad-,what can this be? ka u śravat-,who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti-,who indeed knows? ko nv ayam-,who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam-,what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ-,who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti-,of what person is there no heart?) ka- is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (exempli gratia, 'for example' na kasya ko vallabhaḥ-,no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ-,no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam-,how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, ka- is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca-, can/a-, cid-, vā-,and /api-, in which case ka- may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya- (exempli gratia, 'for example' ye ke ca-,any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai-,to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi-,any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca-,whatever) . The particle cana-, being composed of ca-and na-, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (exempli gratia, 'for example' yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana-,without which indra- there is nothing) , but the negative sense is generally dropped (exempli gratia, 'for example' kaścana-,any one; na kaścana-,no one) , and a relative is sometimes connected with it (exempli gratia, 'for example' yat kiṃcana-,anything whatsoever) . Examples of cid- with the interrogative are common  |
 |
कर्ण | m. ( kṛt- ;1. kṝ- ), the ear (/api k/arṇe-,behind the ear or back, from behind [ see apikarṇ/a-]; karṇe-,[in dramatic language ] into the ear, in a low voice, aside ; karṇaṃ- dā-,to give ear to, listen to ; karṇam ā-gam-,to come to one's ear, become known to )  |
 |
केतसप् | m(Nominal verb plural -s/āpas-)fn. obeying the will (of another), obedient ["touching the sky" ], .  |
 |
क्षप् | cl.1 P. A1. kṣapati-, te- (pr. p. kṣ/apamāṇa-; infinitive mood kṣapitum- ), to be abstinent, fast, do penance etc. ; (for kṣip- )  |
 |
क्षपा | f. ( ;for 1. ksk-See 4. kṣ/ap-) night (instrumental case plural p/ābhis-) etc.  |
 |
क्षपा | See 4. kṣ/ap-.  |
 |
कूप | m. (fr. 1. ku-and /ap-?; see anūp/a-, dvīp/a-), a hole, hollow, cave etc.  |
 |
मनु | m. "the thinking creature(?)", man, mankind (also as opp. to evil spirits ;the ṛbhu-s are called manor n/apātaḥ-,the sons of man, )  |
 |
मिह् | f. mist, fog, downpour of water (also plural; mih/o n/apāt-,the demon of the mist)  |
 |
म्लुक्त | See /apa-mlukta-.  |
 |
नापित | m. ( n/āp- snā-?) a barber, shaver etc.  |
 |
नर्य | n. a manly or heroic deed (with or scilicet /apas-).  |
 |
पच् | cl.1 P. A1. ( ) p/acati-, te- (cl.4. A1. p/acyate- confer, compare below; parasmE-pada pacāna- [ confer, compare kim-pacāna-]; perfect tense papāca-[2. sg. papaktha-or pecitha- ], pecur-; pece-, pecire-[ /apeciran-, ; peciran- on ]; Aorist p/akṣat- ; apākṣīt-, apakta- grammar; preceding pacyāt- ; future pakṣyati-, te-or paktā- ; ind.p. paktv/ā- ; infinitive mood p/aktave- ; paktum-, ), to cook, bake, roast, boil (A1.also "for one's self") etc. ; (with double accusative) to cook anything out of (exempli gratia, 'for example' tandulān odanam pacati-,"he cooks porridge out of rice-grains") ; to bake or burn (bricks) ; to digest ; to ripen, mature, bring to perfection or completion etc. ; (with double accusative) to develop or change into (exempli gratia, 'for example' puṇyāpuṇyaṃ sukhāsukham-,"merit and demerit into weal or woe") ; (intrans.) to become ripe or mature : Passive voice pacy/ate- (ti- ; Aorist apāci- grammar), to be cooked or burnt or melted or digested or ripened or developed etc. ; to be tormented ; also intrans. equals p/acyate- (confer, compare above) , to become ripe or mature, to develop or ripen (with accusative of the fruit that is borne or ripens ; confer, compare Va1rtt. 14 ; lok/aḥ p/acyamānaḥ-,"the developing world" ) : Causal pācayati-, te- (Aorist apīpacat- grammar; Passive voice pācyate-, parasmE-pada cyamāna- ) ; to cause to cook or be cooked (A1."for one's self") , to have cooked or to cook etc. (confer, compare ) ; to cause to ripen ; to bring to completion or to an end, cure, heal : Desiderative pipakṣati- grammar : Intensive pāpacīti- grammar ; pāpacyate-, to be much cooked, to cook very much or burn excessively, to be much afflicted : Desiderative of Intensive pāpacishati-, te- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin coquo; Slavonic or Slavonian peka,pes8ti.])  |
 |
पाप | mf(ī-older than ā-; see ) ( also p/āpa-) n. bad, vicious, wicked, evil, wretched, vile, low etc.  |
 |
पापय | Nom. A1. (only p/āpayiṣṭa-), to suffer a person to fall into misery on account of (ablative)  |
 |
परितप् | P. -tapati- (future -tapiṣyati- ; -tapsyati- ; ind.p. -t/apya- ), to burn all round, set on fire, kindle ; to feel or suffer pain ; (with tapas-) to undergo penance, practise austerities etc. etc.: Passive voice -tapyate- (ti-), to be purified (as by fire) ; to feel or suffer pain, do penance, practise austerities etc.: Causal -tāpayati-, to scorch, cause great pain, torment  |
 |
पी | or pi- (connected with pyai-), cl.1 A1. p/ayate- (cl.2 A1. pr.p. p/iyāna- cl.3 P. Impv. pīpihī-; imperfect tense /apīpet-, /apīpayat-; subjunctive pipyatam-, tām-; pīpayat- A1. yanta-, parasmE-pada A1. p/āpyāna-; perfect tense P. pīp/āya-.2. sg. pīpetha-,3. plural pipyur-; parasmE-pada A1. pīpyān/a-), to swell, overflow, be exuberant, abound, increase, grow ; (trans.) to fatten, cause to swell or be exuberant, surfeit  |
 |
प्रछ् | cl.6 P. ( ), pṛcchati- (Ved. and Epic also A1. pṛcchate-; perfect tense papraccha- etc., papṛkṣ/e-[?] ; Aorist /aprākṣīt- etc., /aprāṭ- , apraṣṭa- ; future prakṣyati- etc., praṣṭā- grammar; ind.p. pṛṣṭvā-, -pṛcchya- ; infinitive mood pr/aṣṭum- etc., -p/ṛccham-, cche- ), to ask, question, interrogate (accusative) ; to ask after inquire about (accusative) ; to ask or interrogate any one (accusative) about anything (accusative dative case locative case, prati-,or adhikṛtya-with accusative; arthe-or hetoḥ- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') (pr.p. A1. pṛcchamāna-,"asking one's self" ) etc. etc. ; (in astrology) to consult the future ; (with nāmato mātaram-) to inquire about one's (genitive case) mother's name ; (with na-) not to trouble one's self with ; to seek, wish, long for ; to ask, demand, beg, entreat (accusative) : Passive voice pṛcchy/ate-, to be asked or questioned about (act. dative case etc., as above ) etc. etc.: Causal pracchayati- (Aorist apapracchat-) grammar : Desiderative pipṛcchiṣati- : Intensive parīpṛcchyate- [Orig. pṛk-; confer, compare Latin preces,procus;poscereforporscere; Slavonic or Slavonian prositi; Lithuanian praszy4ti; German fra7he7n,fragen;forsko7n,forschen.] |
 |
प्रजापतिचित | (praj/āp-), mfn. heaped up by prajāpati-,  |
 |
प्रजापतिहृदय | n. " prajā-pati-'s heart", Name of a sāman- (also praj/āpater-h/ṛd- )  |
 |
प्राञ्च् | mfn. turned eastward, eastern, easterly (opp. to /apāc-,western) etc.  |
 |
प्राप | n. (fr. pra-+ 2. /ap-) Va1rtt. 1 (for 1. prāpa-See) abounding with water?  |
 |
प्रसद्मन् | in dīrgh/ap- q.v  |
 |
प्रथ् | cl.1 A1. ( ) pr/athate- (rarely P. ti- exempli gratia, 'for example' imperfect tense 2. dual number /aprathatam- ; imperative prathantu- ; perfect tense paprathatuḥ- ;mostly A1. perfect tense paprath/e-, parasmE-pada paprathān/a- ; Aorist prathiṣṭa-, parasmE-pada prathān/a- ; future prathiṣyate-, prathitā- grammar), to spread, extend (intrans.; P.trans. and intrans.), become larger or wider, increase etc. ; to spread abroad (as a name, rumour etc.), become known or celebrated etc. ; to come to light, appear, arise ; to occur (to the mind) : Causal prath/ayati- (rarely te-; Aorist apaprathat- ; subjunctive papr/athat- ; paprathanta- ; pr/athayi- ), to spread, extend, increase etc. (prathayati-tarām- ; A1.intr. ) ; to spread abroad, proclaim, celebrate ; to unfold, disclose, reveal, show ; to extend over id est shine upon, give light to (accusative)  |
 |
रप् | (see lap-) cl.1 P. ( ) r/apati- (perfect tense rarāpa-etc. grammar), to talk, chatter, whisper : Intensive rārapīti- idem or 'mf(ikā-)n. equals randhra-, in bahurandhrikā- q.v '  |
 |
ऋतसप् | (in strong forms s/āp-) mfn. connected with or performing worship or pious works (as men), connected with or accepting worship or religious acts (as gods)  |
 |
सम् | ind. (connected with 7. sa-and 2. sama-,and opp. to 3. vi- q.v) with, together with, along with, together, altogether (used as a preposition or prefix to verbs and verbal derivatives, like Greek , Latin con,and expressing"conjunction","union","thoroughness","intensity","completeness" exempli gratia, 'for example' saṃyuj-,"to join together"; saṃ-dhā-,"to place together"; saṃ-dhi-,"placing together"; saṃ-tap-,"to consume utterly by burning"; sam-uccheda-,"destroying altogether, complete destruction";in Vedic or Veda the verb connected with it has sometimes to be supplied, exempli gratia, 'for example' /āpo agn/im yaś/asaḥ s/aṃ h/i pūrv/īih-,"for many glorious waters surrounded agni-";it is sometimes prefixed to nouns in the sense of 2. sama-,"same"; confer, compare samartha-)  |
 |
समीप | mfn. (prob. fr. sam-+ /ap-and formed analogously to pratīpa-, dvīpa-, anūpa-; according to to some fr. sam-+ āp-and =, "easy to attain") near (in place or time) , contiguous, proximate, adjacent, close by, at hand, approaching, imminent etc.  |
 |
शप् | cl.1.4. P. A1. ( ) śapati-, te- or śapyati-, te- (the latter only in ; perfect tense śaś/āpa-, śep/e- Aorist aśāpsīt-, aśapta- grammar [2. plural śāpta-in prob. wrong reading ]; future śaptā- ; śapsyati-, te- ; śapiṣye- ; infinitive mood śaptum-or śapitum- ; ind.p. śapitvā- ; śaptvā- grammar), to curse (mostly P.with accusative;in A1.with dative case) etc. ; (P. A1.) to swear an oath, utter an execration (sometimes with śapatham-or thān-;also with anṛtam-,to swear a false oath) etc. ; (P. A1.) to revile, scold, blame (accusative,rarely dative case) ; (A1.; mc. also P.) to curse one's self (followed by yadi-,"if", i.e. to promise with an oath, vow or swear,"that one will not"etc.;or followed by dative case and rarely accusative of the person to whom and instrumental case of the object by which one swears;or followed by iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' varuṇeti-,"to swear by the name of varuṇa-" ) etc. ; (A1.) to adjure, supplicate, conjure any one (accusative) by (instrumental case) : Causal śāpayati- (Aorist aśīśapat-), to adjure, conjure, exorcise (demons) ; to cause any one (accusative) to swear by (instrumental case) (see śāpita-): Desiderative śiśapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive śāśapyate-, śāśapti-, or śaṃśpyate-, śaṃśapti-  |
 |
सप् | (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') See ṛta-- and keta-s/ap-.  |
 |
श्नप्त्र | ( ) or śny/aptra- ( ) n. the corner of the mouth ( )  |
 |
श्न्यप्त्र | See śn/aptra- above.  |
 |
स्पर्ध् | (or spṛdh-; see spṛh-) cl.1 A1. ( ) sp/ardhate- (mc. also P. ti-;Subj.[ pr/a-] -spūrdh/an- ; perfect tense paspṛdh/e-, dhān/a-, /apaspṛdhethām- ; paspardha- etc.; Aorist aspṛdhran-, spṛdhānd- : aspardhiṣṭa- grammar; future spardhitā-, spardhiṣyate- ; infinitive mood sp/ardhitum- ; spūrdh/ase- ; ind.p. -sp/ṛdhya- ), to emulate, compete, rival, vie or cope with (instrumental case with and without saha-,or accusative), contend or struggle for (locative case) etc. etc.: Causal spardhayati- grammar : Desiderative pispardhiṣate- : Intensive pāspardhyate-, pāsparddhi- (apāspāḥ- )  |
 |
श्रप | See su-śr/apa-.  |
 |
श्रपणी | f. See vapā-śr/apaṇī-.  |
 |
स्था | cl.1 P. A1. ( ) t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣārtham-,"to appoint any one as guardian";with sajjam-,"to make anything ready";with su-rakṣitam-,"to keep anything well guarded";with svīkṛtya-,"to make anything one's own";with pariśeṣam-,"to leave anything over or remaining") etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ-sthā-): Desiderative t/iṣṭhāsati-, to wish to stand etc. : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) |
 |
स्वप् | cl.2 P. ( ) svapiti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also sv/apati-, te-; imperative sv/aptu- ; Potential svapīta- ; perfect tense suṣvāpa-[3. plural suṣupuḥ-; parasmE-pada suṣupv/as-and suṣupāṇ/a-,qq.vv.] etc.; Aorist asvāpsīt-; preceding supyāt- future svaptā- ; svapiṣyati- ; te- ; svapsyati- etc.; te- etc.; infinitive mood svaptum- etc.; ind.p. suptv/ā- etc., -sv/āpam- ), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam-,"to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep") etc. ; to lie down, recline upon (locative case) etc. ; to be dead ; Passive voice supyate- (Aorist asvāpi-) etc. ; Causal svāp/ayati-, or (mc.) svapayati- (Aorist asūṣupat-;in also siṣvapaḥ-, s/iṣvap-; Passive voice svāpyate-), to cause to sleep, lull to rest ; to kill : Desiderative of Causal suṣvāpayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative suṣupsati-, to wish to sleep : Intensive soṣupyate-, sāsvapīti-, sāsvapti-, soṣupīti-, soṣopti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin somnusforsop-nus,sopor,sopire; Slavonic or Slavonian su8pati; Lithuanian sa4pnas; Anglo-Saxon swefan,"to sleep."])  |
 |
स्वप्नमुखा | (sv/apna--) f. (prob.) phantom or illusion of a dream  |
 |
स्वाप्यय | m. turning into one's self (as an explanation of sv/apna-)  |
 |
स्वरित | m. n. the svarita- accent (a kind of mixed tone, produced by a combination of high and low tone, and therefore named in sam-āhāra-,the high and low tones being called ud-ātta-,"raised"or"acute", and an-udātta-,"low"or"grave";the svarita- corresponds to the Greek circumflex and is of four kinds, viz. kṣaipra-[as in vy-/āpta-for v/i-āpta-], jātya-[as in kv/a-for k/ua-], praśliṣṭa-[as in div/īva-for div/i iva-],or abhinihita-[as in t/e 'bruvan-for t/e abruvan-];it is marked in by a small upright stroke above a syllable;and when produced by an udātta-immediately preceding is sometimes called "a dependent svarita-", and, when it properly belongs to a word, an"independent svarita-")  |
 |
तनूनप | n. (derived fr. -n/apāt-taken as -napād-,"eating tanūnapa-") ghee  |
 |
तनूनपात्वत् | mfn. containing the word t/anū-n/apāt-  |
 |
तानूनप्त्र | n. a ceremony in which tanū-napāt- (-n/aptṛ-) is invoked and the oblation touched by the sacrificer and the priests as a form of adjuration ( tānūnaptratva -tva- n.abstr.) (also -tva-)  |
 |
तप् | cl.1. t/apati- (rarely A1.; subjunctive pāti- ; parasmE-pada t/apat- etc.; cl.4. parasmE-pada t/apyat- ; perfect tense 1. sg. tat/apa- ;3. sg. t/āpa-, ; parasmE-pada tepān/a- ; future tapsy/ati- etc.: te-& tapiṣyati- ) to give out heat, be hot, shine (as the sun) etc. ; to make hot or warm, heat, shine upon ; to consume or destroy by heat ; to suffer pain ; (with paścāt-) to repent of ; to torment one's self, undergo self-mortification, practise austerity (tapas-) etc. ; to cause pain to, injure, damage, spoil Passive voice or cl.4 A1. tapy/ate- ( ;or t/apy- ; parasmE-pada py/amāna- ; t/apy-, ; confer, compare /a--; Aorist atāpi- ; atapta- ; perfect tense tepe- etc.; parasmE-pada pān/a- ;also P. tapyati-, pyet-, atapyat-,etc. ) to be heated or burnt, become hot etc. ; to be purified by austerities (as the soul) ; to suffer or feel pain etc. ; to suffer pain voluntarily, undergo austerity (tapas-) etc.: Causal tāpayati-, te- (parasmE-pada p/ayat- ; Passive voice pyate- etc.; Aorist atītape-& [Subj.] tat/apate- ) to make warm or hot, etc. ; to consume by heat etc. ; to cause pain, trouble, distress etc. ; to torment one's self, undergo penance, : Intensive (parasmE-pada tātapyamāna-) to feel violent pain, be in great anxiety ([ confer, compare Latin tepeoetc.])  |
 |
तप् | mfn. "warming one's self." See agni-t/ap-.  |
 |
तपःपरार्ध | (t/ap-) mfn. finishing by t-  |
 |
तापस | mfn. (gaRa chattrādi- ) a practiser of religious austerities (t/apas-)  |
 |
तपस्पति | (t/ap-) m. the lord of austerities  |
 |
तपस्वत् | mfn. (t/ap-) burning, hot |
 |
तपस्य | Nom. syati- ( ) to undergo religious austerities (t/ap-) (A1. see 2. tapasya-)  |
 |
तपस्य | mf(ā-)n. (fr. t/apas-) produced by heat  |
 |
तपुरग्र | (t/ap-) mf(ā-)n. burning-pointed (a spear)  |
 |
तपुर्जम्भ | (t/ap-) mfn. burning-jawed (agni-)  |
 |
तपुर्मूर्धन् | mfn. (t/ap-) burning-headed (agni-),  |
 |
तपुर्वध | (t/ap-) mfn. having burning weapons  |
 |
त्रापुष | mfn. ( ) made of tin (tr/apus-)  |
 |
तूल | n. see /apa--, indra--, udak--, prāk--, bhasma--, śaṇa--, sa--, haṃsa--  |
 |
तुरीप | n. (fr. r/i-and /ap-) seminal fluid  |
 |
त्वष्टृ | m. "creator of living beings", the heavenly builder, Name of a god (called su-k/ṛt-, -pāṇ/i-, -g/abhasti-, -j/animan-, sv-/apas-, ap/asām ap/astama-, viśv/a-rūpa-etc. ;maker of divine implements, especially of indra-'s thunderbolt and teacher of the ṛbhu-s ;former of the bodies of men and animals, hence called"firstborn"and invoked for the sake of offspring, especially in the āprī- hymns etc. ;associated with the similar deities dhātṛ-, savitṛ-, prajā-pati-, pūṣan-, and surrounded by divine females[ gn/ās-, jan/ayas-, dev/ānām p/atnīs-; see tv/aṣṭā-v/arūtrī-]recipients of his generative energy ;supposed author of with the epithet garbha-pati- ;father of saraṇyū- [ su-reṇu- ; sva-reṇu- ]whose double twin-children by vivasvat- [or vāyu- ? ] are yamayamī- and the aśvin-s ;also father of tri-śiras- or viśvarūpa- ;overpowered by indra- who recovers the soma-[ ] concealed by him because indra- had killed his son viśva-rūpa- ;regent of the nakṣatra- citrā- ;of the 5th cycle of Jupiter ;of an eclipse ; tvaṣṭur ātithya-Name of a sāman- )  |
 |
उद्वै | P. -v/āyati- (Aorist -avāsīt- ) to become weak or languish, faint, be extinguished, go out (as fire), die : Causal -v/āpayati-, to cause to extinguish or go out  |
 |
उद्वप् | P. -v/apati-, (perfect tense 2. dual number -ūp/athus-and -ūpathus- ) to pour out, take out ; to scrape, dig up ; to throw away, destroy, annul : Causal -vāpayati-, to cause to pour out or away ; to cause to dig up  |
 |
उपतप् | P. -tapati- (parasmE-pada -t/apat-See column 3) to make warm, heat ; to afflict (as an illness;with genitive case or accusative of the afflicted person) ; to feel pain, become sick : Passive voice -tapyate-, to be made warm or heated ; (with tapas-) to undergo bodily mortification ; to be afflicted with pain, be tormented, feel pain, become ill etc.: Causal -tāpayati- (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. -tītapāsi- ) to ignite, burn, consume ; to cause pain, mortify, torment, hurt, oppress commentator or commentary on |
 |
वप् | cl.1 P. A1. v/apati-, te- (only present tense stem and ind.p. uplvā-, -upya-), to shear, shave (A1."one's self") , cut off ; to crop (herbage), mow, cut (grass), graze : Causal vāpayati-, te- (Potential vāpayīta- ), to cause (A1."one's self") to be shorn  |
 |
वप् | cl.1 P. A1. ( ) v/apati-, te- (Potential upet- ; perfect tense uvāpa-, ūp/uḥ-; ūpe- etc.; vavāpa- ; -vepe- on ; Aorist avāpsīt- etc.; avapta- grammar; Potential upyāt- ; future vaptā- ; vapsy/ati- ; vapiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood vaptum- grammar; ind.p. uptvā- ; -/upya- etc.), to strew, scatter (especially seed) , sow, bestrew etc. ; to throw, cast (dice) ; to procreate, beget (See vapus-and 2. vaptṛ-) ; to throw or heap up, dam up : Passive voice upy/ate- (Aorist vāpi- ), to be strewn or sown etc. etc.: Causal vāpayati- (Aorist avlvapat- grammar) to sow, plant, put in the ground : Desiderative vivapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive vāvapyate-, vāvapti-  |
 |
वपुस् | n. form, figure, (especially) a beautiful form or figure, wonderful appearance, beauty ( vapuṣe puṣe- ind.for beauty; v/apur dṛś/aye-,a wonder to see) etc.  |
 |
वपुष्टर | (v/apuṣ--or vap/uṣ--) mfn. more or most beautiful or wonderful (v/apuṣo vapuṣṭara-,most wonderful of all)  |
 |
वार्षिक | mf(ī-)n. belonging to the rainy-season, rainy etc. etc. (with /āpas- f. plural rain-water, with dhanus- n.a rainbow)  |
 |
विलापन | mf(ī-)n. melting, liquefying (See ājaya-vil/āpanī-)  |
 |
यदि | ind. y/ady /api- (rarely api yadi-),"even if","although"(followed by tathāpi-or tad api-or sometimes by no particle in the correlative clause)  |
 |
यज्ञोपेत | wrong reading for yajñ/ap/eta-. |