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Grammar Search "karaṇa" has 2 results. karaṇa : masculine vocative singular stem: karaṇa karaṇa : neuter vocative singular stem: karaṇa
Amarakosha Search
7 results
Word Reference Gender Number Synonyms Definition avyaktaḥ 3.3.68 Masculine Singular prakaraṇa m , prakāraḥ , kārtsnyam , vārtā karaṇa ḥ2.10.2 Masculine Singular karaṇa m3.3.60 Neuter Singular nicitaḥ , aśuddhaḥ udyānam 3.3.124 Neuter Singular upakaraṇa m , māraṇam , anuvrajyā , mṛtasaṃskāraḥ , gatiḥ , dravyopapādanam , nirvartanam uta 3.3.251 Masculine Singular prakāśaḥ , ādiḥ , samāptiḥ , hetuḥ , prakaraṇa m upākaraṇa m 2.7.44 Neuter Singular vītasaṃstūpakaraṇa m 2.10.26 Masculine Singular
Monier-Williams Search
803 results for karaṇa
karaṇa mf(ī - )n (once karaṇ/a - ) doing, making, effecting, causing (especially in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' ; see antakaraṇa - , uṣṇaṃ -k - ,etc.) etc. karaṇa mf(ī - )n clever, skilful karaṇa m. a helper, companion karaṇa m. a man of a mixed class (the son of an outcast kṣatriya - ;or the son of a śūdra - woman by a vaiśya - ;or the son of a vaiśya - woman by a kṣatriya - ;the occupation of this class is writing, accounts etc.) karaṇa m. writer, scribe karaṇa m. (in grammar ) a sound or word as an independent part of speech (or as separated from the context;in this sense usually n. ) on commentator or commentary on karaṇa m. (in mus.) a kind of time karaṇa n. the act of making, doing, producing, effecting etc. (very often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' exempli gratia, 'for example' muṣṭi -k - , virūpa -k - ) karaṇa n. an act, deed karaṇa n. an action (especially a religious one) karaṇa n. the special business of any tribe or caste karaṇa n. a calculation (especially an astronomical one) karaṇa n. an astrological division of the day (these karaṇa - s are eleven, viz. vava - , valava - , kaulava - , taitila - , gara - , vaṇija - , viṣṭi - , śakuni - , catuṣpada - , kintughna - ,and nāga - ,two being equal to a lunar day;the first seven are called a -dhruvāṇi - or movable, and fill, eight times repeated, the space from the second half of the first day in the moon's increase to the first half of the fourteenth day in its wane;the four others are dhruvāṇi - or fixed, and occupy the four half-days from the second half of the fourteenth day in the wane of the moon to the first half of the first day in its increase) etc. karaṇa n. pronunciation, articulation, karaṇa n. (in grammar ) a sound or word as an independent part of speech, separated from its context etc., (karaṇa - may be used in this way like kāra - exempli gratia, 'for example' iti -karaṇa - ) karaṇa n. the posture of an ascetic karaṇa n. a posture in sexual intercourse karaṇa n. instrument, means of action karaṇa n. an organ of sense or of speech karaṇa n. (in law) an instrument, document, bond karaṇa n. (in grammar ) the means or instrument by which an action is effected, the idea expressed by the instrumental case, instrumentality karaṇa n. cause (equals kāraṇa - ) karaṇa n. a spell, charm (see karaṇa -prayoga - ) karaṇa n. rhythm, time karaṇa n. body karaṇa n. Name of a treatise of varāha -mihira - on the motion of the planets karaṇa n. of a work belonging to the śiva -darśana - karaṇa n. a field karaṇa n. the mind, heart (see antaḥ -karaṇa - ) karaṇa n. grain karaṇa n. (also) a sinew, tendon, muscle, karaṇa grāmam. the senses collectively karaṇa kesarinm. Name of work karaṇa kutūhalan. Name of work on practical astronomy by bhāskara - . karaṇa mantram. a mantra - pertaining to any sacred rite, , Scholiast or Commentator karaṇa neri m. a kind of dance. karaṇa nerikam. a kind of dance. karaṇa niyamam. repression or restraint of the organs of sense. karaṇa paddhatif. Name of work karaṇa prabodham. Name of work karaṇa prakāśam. Name of work karaṇa prayogam. spell, charm karaṇa prayogam. . karaṇa sāram. Name of work on practical astronomy by bhāskara - . karaṇa sthānabhedam. difference of articulation or organ of pronunciation. karaṇa sūtran. Name of work , karaṇa tāf. instrumentality, the state of being an instrument on karaṇa trāṇan. "protecting the organs of sense", the head karaṇa tvan. instrumentality, mediate agency karaṇa vatmfn. articulated karaṇa vigamam. death (= deha - - tyāga - ), karaṇa vinyayam. manner of pronunciation karaṇa vyāpāram. action of the senses karaṇa yatif. a kind of time (in mus.) abhikaraṇa See svapnā bhik/araṇa - . abhimukhīkaraṇa n. turning the face towards, addressing ābhimukhyakaraṇa n. addressing a person, on . abhinavavaiyākaraṇa m. a modern grammarian. abhyantarīkaraṇa n. initiating in (locative case ) ācāryakaraṇa n. acting as teacher ādhīkaraṇa (ādhī - - ) n. pledging, mortgaging. adhikaraṇa n. the act of placing at the head or of subordinating government, supremacy, magistracy, court of justice adhikaraṇa n. a receptacle, support adhikaraṇa n. a claim adhikaraṇa n. a topic, subject adhikaraṇa n. (in philosophy) a substratum adhikaraṇa n. a subject (exempli gratia, 'for example' ātman - is the adhi -karaṇa - of knowledge) adhikaraṇa n. a category adhikaraṇa n. a relation adhikaraṇa n. (in grammar ) government adhikaraṇa n. location, the sense of the locative case adhikaraṇa n. relationship of words in a sentence (which agree together, either as adjective and substantive, or as subject and predicate, or as two substantives in apposition) adhikaraṇa n. (in rhetoric) a topic adhikaraṇa n. a paragraph or minor section adhikaraṇa mfn. having to superintend. adhikaraṇa bhojaka m. a judge. adhikaraṇa itāvattva n. fixed quantity of a substratum. adhikaraṇa lekhaka m. a clerk at a hall of justice, adhikaraṇa mālā f. a compendium of the topics of the vedānta - by bhāratī -tīrtha - . adhikaraṇa maṇḍapa m. n. the hall of justice. adhikaraṇa siddhānta m. a syllogism or conclusion which involves others, etc. āḍhyaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. enriching adṛśyakaraṇa n. act of rendering invisible adṛśyakaraṇa n. Name of a part of a treatise on magic. agnaukaraṇa n. burnt offering, , Scholiast or Commentator āgūḥkaraṇa n. idem or 'n. pronouncing the āgur - commentator or commentary on ' on ahaṃkaraṇa etc. See ah/am - . ahaṃkaraṇa n. conceit or conception of individuality akaraṇa n. absence of action. ākulīkaraṇa etc. See below sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ākulī - . ākulīkaraṇa n. confounding 1. alaṃkaraṇa -kūr/a - etc. See /alam - . alaṃkaraṇa n. making ready, preparation , (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā - ). ) decoration, ornament amṛtīkaraṇa n. changing into nectar. aṃśakaraṇa n. act of dividing. anapakaraṇa n. (in law) non-payment, non-delivery. anapākaraṇa n. (in law) non-payment, non-delivery. andhaṃkaraṇa (andhaṃ - - ) mf(ī - )n. making blind. andhīkaraṇa n. making blind, anekīkaraṇa n. making manifold. aṅgīkaraṇa n. act of taking the side of, assenting, agreeing, promising. anirākaraṇa n. the not forgetting, anityasamaprakaraṇa n. a section in the nyāya - discussing that sophism. aṅkakaraṇa n. the act of marking or stamping. annakaraṇa mfn. preparing food, anṛṇīkaraṇa n. releasing from debt, antaḥkaraṇa n. the internal organ, the seat of thought and feeling, the mind, the thinking faculty, the heart, the conscience, the soul. antakaraṇa mfn. causing death, mortal, destructive. antakaraṇa n. causing an end of, abolishing (compound ), anukaraṇa n. the act of imitation or of following an example anukaraṇa n. resemblance, similarity. anyathākaraṇa n. ( ) changing, change anyatrakaraṇa m. the son of a paramour, apakaraṇa n. acting improperly apakaraṇa n. doing wrong apakaraṇa n. ill-treating, offending, injuring apākaraṇa n. driving away, removal apākaraṇa n. payment, liquidation. apārthakaraṇa n. a false plea in a lawsuit. aprakaraṇa n. not the principal topic, not relevant to the main subject. apūrvakaraṇa n. (with jaina - s) Name (also title or epithet) of the 8th stage leading to perfection ātatīkaraṇa n. drawing (a bow-string) aupākaraṇa mfn. (fr. upā karaṇa - ), relating to the preparatory ceremony before beginning the study of the veda - aupākaraṇa n. (am - ) the time of that ceremony avighnakaraṇa vrata n. Name of a particular rite on the fourth day of phālguna - , avipakvakaraṇa mfn. having immature or insufficiently developed organs (of mind) aviṣayīkaraṇa n. the not making anything (genitive case ) an object āviṣkaraṇa n. making visible, manifestation aviśrāntavidhyādharavyākaraṇa n. Name (also title or epithet) of a grammar by vāmana - (probably wrong reading for viśr - ), avitatkaraṇa (and a -vitad -bhaṣaṇa - ) n. (with the pāśupata - s) doing (and speaking) what in general is held to be unsuitable or nonsensical (vi -tad - ) but is admitted by the pāśupata - s from their own view. avyaktānukaraṇa n. the imitating of inarticulated sound ayakṣmaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. producing health bahiṣkaraṇa n. expulsion, exclusion from (ablative ) on bahiṣkaraṇa n. an external organ (opp. to antaḥ -k - ) bahulīkaraṇa n. multiplying, magnifying bahulīkaraṇa n. winnowing (for phalīkaraṇa - ?) bāhyakaraṇa n. an external organ of sense bāhyārthabhaṅganirākaraṇa n. Name of work bālabhāṣāvyākaraṇa sūtravṛtti f. Name of work balādhikaraṇa n. plural the business or affairs of an army bālavyākaraṇa n. "a child's grammar", Name of a grammar. bandhakaraṇa n. binding, fettering, holding back (also by magic) baṭūkaraṇa n. the act of making into a youth, initiation of a boy by upa -nayana - q.v bhadrākaraṇa n. the karaṇa - (sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ) called bhadrā - bhadrākaraṇa n. "making beautiful", the act of shaving bhadraṃkaraṇa mfn. equals prec. mfn. Va1rtt. 8 bhaktiprakaraṇa n. Name of work bhaktyadhikaraṇa mālā f. Name of work bhāṇḍīrabhāṣāvyākaraṇa n. Name of work bhaṅgurīkaraṇa n. making fragile bhāskaraṇa bhasmasūtakaraṇa n. the calcining of quicksilver bhasmīkaraṇa n. reducing to ashes, burning bhasmīkaraṇa n. calcining bhāsvatīkaraṇa n. Name of work bhāvārthādhikaraṇa n. Name of work bheṣajakaraṇa n. preparation of drugs or medicine bhikṣākaraṇa n. asking alms, mendicancy bhojavyākaraṇa n. Name of work bhuktiprakaraṇa n. Name of work bhūtakaraṇa n. "causing a word to have a past meaning", Name of the augment bhūtakaraṇa vatī f. (scilicet vibhakti - ) the character and personal endings of the augmented verbal forms (id est of imperfect tense Aorist and Conditional ) brahmacintananirākaraṇa n. Name of work brahmaikyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work bṛhadvaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇa n. Name of work bṛhadvyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇa n. Name of work bṛhaspatikaraṇa n. Name of work camatkaraṇa n. astonishment camatkaraṇa n. producing wonder, causing surprise camatkaraṇa n. spectacle, festival camatkaraṇa n. high poetical composition candrasūryajihmīkaraṇa prabha m. "whose splendour obscures moon and sun", Name of a buddha - candravyākaraṇa n. candra - 's grammar (published under abhimanyu - ), caramavaiyākaraṇa m. (the last id est ) an ignorant grammarian carmakaraṇa n. working in skins or leather caturdhākaraṇa n. dividing into 4 parts chandaḥprakaraṇa n. a chapter on metre citrīkaraṇa n. making variegated, decorating, painting citrīkaraṇa n. surprise corakaraṇa n. calling anyone a thief cūḍākaraṇa n. "forming the crest", the ceremony of tonsure (equals caula - ,one of the 12 purificatory rites[ ] performed on a child in the Ist or 3rd year) cūrṇīkaraṇa n. equals cūrṇana - - kṛ - , to reduce to powder or dust, pulverise, grind, bruise, smash dahanopakaraṇa n. the means for cauterising dānaprakaraṇa n. Name of work dantadhāvanaprakaraṇa n. Name of devatāmūrtiprakaraṇa n. Name of work on sculpture. devīpūjāprakaraṇa n. Name of work dhanurvedaprakaraṇa n. Name of work dharmādhikaraṇa n. administration or court of Justice ( dharmādhikaraṇasthāna -sthāna - n. a law. court ) dharmādhikaraṇa m. a judge, magistrate dharmādhikaraṇa sthāna n. dharmādhikaraṇa dhātuprakaraṇa n. Name of work dhvajīkaraṇa n. raising a standard or making anything a plea dhyāmīkaraṇa n. making dark-coloured, blackening dhyāmīkaraṇa n. burning, consuming dīkṣākaraṇa n. performance of consecration dīkṣāprakaraṇa n. Name of work dīpakavyākaraṇa n. Name of work dīpavyākaraṇa n. Name of work doṣaguṇīkaraṇa n. turning a fault into a merit dravīkaraṇa n. liquefaction, melting dṛḍhīkaraṇa n. dṛgdṛśyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work dūraṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. dūram dūrīkaraṇa n. the making distant, removing duṣkaraṇa n. a difficult or miserable work on dvādaśāntaprakaraṇa n. Name of work dvaidhīkaraṇa n. making into two, separating dvidhākaraṇa n. the dividing into 2, making twofold, arranging in two ways dvirāgamanaprakaraṇa n. Name of work dvivivāhinhitāsapiṇḍīkaraṇa n. Name of chapter of dyūtasamāhvayaprakaraṇa n. "a treatise on the law-suits arising from gambling", Name of chapter of viśveśvara - 's su -bodhinī - . ekavarṇasamīkaraṇa n. equalization of two uniform quantities, a kind of equation (in mathematics ) ekīkaraṇa n. the act of making one, uniting, combination commentator or commentary on gāḍhīkaraṇa n. making stiff. garbhakaraṇa n. anything which causes impregnation garbhavyākaraṇa n. careful description of the embryo (part of the śārīra - section in medical works) garbhīkaraṇa n. "making anything an embryo or product", producing garbhiṇīvyākaraṇa n. (or garbhiṇyā vyākṛti - ) careful description of a pregnant woman (particular heading or subject in med.) gocaraprakaraṇa n. Name of work granthakaraṇa n. composition of books or treatises gṛhakaraṇa n. house-building gṛhakaraṇa n. household affairs gṛhaprakaraṇa n. Name of work gṛhopakaraṇa n. any domestic utens . guṇadoṣīkaraṇa n. making a defect out of a merit guṇasthānaprakaraṇa n. Name of a jaina - work. guṇīkaraṇa n. making a merit out of (a defect, doṣa - - ) gurūkaraṇa n. the making heavy or venerable haridrāgaṇapatiprakaraṇa n. Name of work harināmāmṛtavaiṣṇavavyākaraṇa n. Name of work hastāmalakavedāntaprakaraṇa n. Name of work hastekaraṇa n. taking (the bride's) hand, marrying haviṣkaraṇa n. the act of preparing an oblation hemavyākaraṇa n. Hema-candra's grammar horāprakaraṇa (?) n. itikaraṇa n. the word iti - jainendravyākaraṇa n. Name of a grammar by abhaya -nandi - (commented on by deva -nandi - , abhaya - - and soma -deva - ). jihmīkaraṇa mfn. "obscuring" See candra -sūrya -jihmīkaraṇaprabha - . jīvadayāprakaraṇa n. Name of a Jain treatise. jīvavicāraprakaraṇa n. idem or 'm. "disquisition on life", Name of a Jain work by śānti -sūri - (commented on by bhāva -sundara - , meghanandana - , and īśvarācārya - )' jīvopalambhaprakaraṇa n. Name of a Jain treatise. kakṣīkaraṇa n. the act of admitting or assenting kālakaraṇa n. appointing or fixing a time. kāṇḍopakaraṇa n. the beginning of (the study of) a kāṇḍa - , ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding kāraṇakaraṇa n. a primary cause, elementary cause, atom karmopakaraṇa mfn. one who gives aid by work. karṇālaṃkaraṇa n. an ornament for the ear. karpūraprakaraṇa n. Name of a jaina - work. kāryakaraṇa n. the doing one's duty, keśāntakaraṇa n. idem or 'm. cutting off the hair finally (as a religious ceremony performed upon Brahmans at 16 years of age, kṣatriya - s at 22, and vaiśya - s at 24) ' keśaśeṣakaraṇa n. leaving a remnant of hair, kevalavaiyākaraṇa m. a mere grammarian (not versed in any other science). khaṇḍakhādyakaraṇa n. idem or 'n. Name of an astronomical karaṇa - (vv.ll. -khāṭṭaka - , -khāḍaka - ) ' khaṇḍasphuṭapratisaṃskaraṇa n. repairing of dilapidations khaṇḍasphuṭapratisaṃskaraṇa n. (pāli - ṇḍa -phulla - - .) kimadhikaraṇa mf(ā - )n. referring to what? kratukaraṇa n. Name of a sacrificial offering kroḍīkaraṇa n. embracing kṛṣṇīkaraṇa n. blackening kṛtārthīkaraṇa mfn. rendering successful kṣaurakaraṇa n. shaving kṣetraliptīkaraṇa n. reducing to minutes of the ecliptic. kubjīkaraṇa n. curving (as of a stalk) kulāntakaraṇa mfn. one who ruins his family kuṇḍalīkaraṇa n. bending a bow so as to form a circle laghūkaraṇa n. See laghū -kṛ - . laghūkaraṇa n. the act of making light, lessening, diminishing, diminution laghūkaraṇa n. thinking little of, contemning laghuvaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇa n. Name of work laghuvaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasiddhāntamañjūṣā f. Name of work laghuvyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasāra Name of work lakṣaṇāvṛttiprakaraṇa n. Name of work lokakāraṇakaraṇa n. cause of the causes of the world (Name of śiva - ) madhvamataprakaraṇa n. Name of work madhyajainendravyākaraṇa n. Name of work mahābhaṭṭīvyākaraṇa n. Name of work mahākāraṇaprakaraṇa n. Name of work mahāprakaraṇa n. the principal treatment of a subject commentator or commentary mahāvākyapañcīkaraṇa n. Name of work mahāvidyāprakaraṇa n. Name of work mahāyogapañcaratneāśvalāyanopayogyādhānaprakaraṇa n. Name of work malinīkaraṇa n. the act of soiling, staining malinīkaraṇa n. an action which defiles, manaḥsthirīkaraṇa n. the act of strengthening or confirming the mind mananaprakaraṇa n. Name of work mānasakaraṇa n. Name of work maṇḍalīkaraṇa n. rounding, gathering in a ball or circle, coiling maṅgalakaraṇa n. "luck-causing", the act of reciting a prayer for success before the beginning of any enterprise maṇighaṇṭākṛtanyāyaratnaprakaraṇa n. Name of work mantrakaraṇa n. the recital of a sacred text mantrakaraṇa n. a Vedic text or verse mantraprakaraṇa n. Name of work mantrayogaprakaraṇa n. Name of work mantroddhāraprakaraṇa n. Name of work mārjārakaraṇa n. a particular posture in sexual intercourse (also rīśkramaṇa - ) mīmāṃsādhikaraṇa n. (sā dh - ) (in the beginning of a compound ) mīmāṃsādhikaraṇa mālāṭīkā f. Name of work mīmāṃsādhikaraṇa nyāyavicāropanyāsa m. Name of work miśrīkaraṇa n. the act of mixing, seasoning, an ingredient mitāṅkakaraṇa n. Name of work mitrakaraṇa the making of friends, making one's self friends Va1rtt. 1 mṛtyuṃjayatvaprakaraṇa n. Name of work mūlīkaraṇa n. the extraction of the square-root , mūlyakaraṇa n. making the worth or value of anything, turning into money mūrtatvajātinirākaraṇa n. Name of work mūṣīkaraṇa n. melting in a crucible muṣṭikaraṇa n. clenching the fist nāḍīprakaraṇa n. Name of work nagnaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. making naked nagnīkaraṇa n. stripping, undressing naimittikaprakaraṇa n. Name of work naivedyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work nakṣatraprakaraṇa n. Name of work nakṣatraśuddhiprakaraṇa n. Name of work nāmadheyakaraṇa n. nāmadheya nāmakaraṇa m. a nominal suffix nāmakaraṇa n. the calling of a person (genitive case ) by the name of (nāmnā - ) nāmakaraṇa n. the ceremony of naming a child after birth etc. nāmakaraṇa n. (raṇaṃ - kṛ - ,to perform this child) nāmakaraṇa prayoga m. Name of work nānākaraṇa n. variation nastakaraṇa n. instrument used by bhikṣu - s for injecting the nose (taḥ -k - ? see above) . nastastaḥkaraṇa See nasta -k - navārṇavaprakaraṇa n. Name of work navatattvaprakaraṇa n. Name of work navīkaraṇa n. making new, renewing niḥkṣatrakaraṇa n. depriving of the military caste nijānandānubhūtiprakaraṇa n. Name of work nirākaraṇa n. separating (in a -nirāk - ) nirākaraṇa n. driving away, turning out, expelling, removing, repudiating (of a woman), opposing, contradicting, denying etc. nirākaraṇa n. forgetting (in a -nirāk - ) nirākaraṇa n. neglecting the chief sacrificial or religious duties nirdoṣīkaraṇa n. rendering innocuous, paralyzing nirjīvakaraṇa n. killing, striking dead (with genitive case ) (wrong reading -kār - ) nirmalīkaraṇa n. cleansing, purification nirvāṇaprakaraṇa n. Name of work niśceṣṭākaraṇa mfn. causing it (Name of one of the arrows of the god of love) niyogakaraṇa n. making a command, commanding nṛgamokṣaprakaraṇa n. Name of work or chapter of work nṛsiṃhakaraṇa n. Name of work nyakkaraṇa n. lowering, degrading, treating with disrespect nyāsaprakaraṇa n. Name of work nyāyamīmāṃsāprakaraṇa n. Name of work nyāyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work nyāyaratnaprakaraṇa n. Name of work pādaprakaraṇa saṃgati f. Name of work palitaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. rendering grey (see ) . pañcadaśīprakaraṇa n. Name of work pañcāgnividyāprakaraṇa n. pañcāgnividyā pañcaprakaraṇa n. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa n. ( 1. kṛ - ) making into 5, causing anything to contain all the 5 elements pañcīkaraṇa n. Name of several works. pañcīkaraṇa mahāvākyārtha m. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa mahāvākyārthabodha m. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa prakriyā f. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa tātparyacandrikā f. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa vārttika n. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa vārttikābharaṇa n. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa vivaraṇa n. Name of work pañcīkaraṇa viveka m. Name of work pāṇḍukaraṇa n. (in med.) making or rending white pāṇḍurīkaraṇa n. colouring white pāṇḍurīkaraṇa kṛ to colour white pāṇinivyākaraṇa dīpikā f. Name of work parabhūprakaraṇa n. Name of work parākaraṇa n. setting aside, disdaining pāramparyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work paribhāṣāprakaraṇa n. Name of work pārijātavyākaraṇa n. Name of work paropakaraṇa n. equals -kāra - paryagnikaraṇa n. the ceremony of carrying fire round the sacrificial animal pāśupatayogaprakaraṇa n. Name of work pātropakaraṇa n. ornaments of a secondary kind (as bells, chowries etc.) paṭukaraṇa mfn. having sound organs paurṇamāsyadhikaraṇa n. paurṇamāsī pavitrīkaraṇa n. purification, means of purifying phalīkaraṇa n. separating the grain from the husks, cleansing of grain phalīkaraṇa m. plural chaff (of rice) or smallest grains phalīkaraṇa m. (sg.) phālīkaraṇa mfn. (fr. phalī -k - ) made of husks or the smallest grains phalīkaraṇa homa m. an oblation of chaff or smallest grains phalīkaraṇa miśra mfn. mixed with rice-chaff, phalīkaraṇa muṣṭi f. a handful of rice-chaff, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding pīḍākaraṇa n. the causing of pain, torturing piṇḍakaraṇa n. equals -nirvapaṇa - , piṇḍīkaraṇa n. making into a lump or ball on piśācīkaraṇa n. transforming into a piśāca - poṣyaputrakaraṇa n. adoption pracurīkaraṇa n. making abundant, augmenting, increasing prāduṣkaraṇa n. bringing to light, manifestation, production praguṇīkaraṇa n. putting straight, arranging properly prahārakaraṇa n. dealing blows, beating prakaraṇa n. production, creation prakaraṇa n. treatment, discussion, explanation prakaraṇa n. treatise, monograph, book, chapter (especially introduction or prologue) prakaraṇa n. a subject, topic, question, matter, occasion, opportunity etc. prakaraṇa n. (asminn eva prakaraṇe - ,"on this occasion"or"in this connection" ; na ca prakaraṇaṃ vetsi - ,"nor do you know what is the matter" ) prakaraṇa n. a kind of drama with a fictitious plot (such as etc.) ( ) prakaraṇa n. treating with respect prakaraṇa n. doing much or well prakaraṇa typical performance, prakaraṇa n. Name of work (see nyāyapr - ) prakaraṇa pāda m. Name of work prakaraṇa pañcikā f. Name of work prakaraṇa sama m. a kind of sophism, an assertion by two opponents of some argument which has the same force of argument pro and con prakaraṇa śas ind. according to species or kind (opp. to pṛthak -tvena - ) prakaraṇa tas ind. occasionally prakaraṇa tva n. prakaraṇa vādārtha m. Name of work prakāśīkaraṇa n. giving light, illuminating prakaṭīkaraṇa n. making visible, manifesting, proclaiming prākṛtapañcīkaraṇa n. prākṛtavyākaraṇa n. Name of work prākṛtavyākaraṇa vṛtti f. Name of work pramāṇīkaraṇa n. setting up or quoting as an authority prāṅmukhakaraṇa n. prāṅmukha praśnaprakaraṇa n. Name of work praśnavyākaraṇa n. Name of work prasrāvakaraṇa n. the urethra prastaraghatanāpakaraṇa n. an instrument for breaking or splitting stones prathamavaiyākaraṇa m. a beginner in grammar prathamavaiyākaraṇa m. a distinguished or first-rate grammarian pratiphalīkaraṇa m ind. at each cleaning of the corn commentator or commentary pratyadhikaraṇa m ind. at each paragraph pratyakṣakaraṇa n. one's own perception pratyakṣīkaraṇa n. looking at, viewing pratyakṣīkaraṇa n. making manifest or apparent pratyupākaraṇa n. ( 1. kṛ - ) recommencement of Vedic study pratyuttarīkaraṇa n. replying, an answer prayāgaprakaraṇa n. prāyaścittaprakaraṇa n. Name of work prayogamukhavyākaraṇa n. Name of work prītikaraṇa n. the act of causing pleasure, gratifying priyaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. acting kindly to priyaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. exciting or attracting regard, amiable pṛthagyogakaraṇa n. the separation of a grammatical rule into two (see yoga -vibhāga - ). pṛthakkaraṇa n. separating, setting apart pucchabrahmavādanirākaraṇa n. Name of work pūjopakaraṇa n. ( ) the requisites for the worship or adoration of a god. punaḥkaraṇa n. making again, re-making, transforming punarupākaraṇa n. repeated beginning of study puraskaraṇa n. the act of placing in front etc. puraskaraṇa n. making perfect (?) pūrṇacandraprāyaścittaprakaraṇa n. Name of work putrīkaraṇa n. the adoption of sons putrīkaraṇa mīmāṃsā f. Name of work rāgadveṣaprakaraṇa n. Name of work rājadharmaprakaraṇa n. Name of work rājakaraṇa n. a law-court rājāntakaraṇa mfn. causing the destruction of kind (varia lectio ) rājopakaraṇa n. plural the paraphernalia of a kind, ensigns of royalty rājyābhiṣekaprakaraṇa ṭīkā f. Name of work rājyopakaraṇa n. plural the instruments or paraphernalia of government, insignia of royalty (see rājo p - ). rākṣasīkaraṇa n. the act of changing into a rākṣasa - rāmādhikaraṇa mfn. relating to rāma - rāmavinodakaraṇa n. (also called, pañcā ṅga -sādhano dāharaṇa - ), Name of a work composed by rāma -candra - in 1614. rāmavyākaraṇa n. Name of a grammar by vopadeva - . raṇālaṃkaraṇa m. a heron rāśīkaraṇa n. the making into a heap, piling together rāśīkaraṇa bhāṣya n. Name of work of the pāśupata - s (also called -kara -bhāṣya - ) rātrīkaraṇa mfn. turning into night raudrīkaraṇa n. the doing dreadful acts, performing horrors ṛjūkaraṇa n. the act of straightening ṛjuvyākaraṇa n. Name (also title or epithet) of a grammar ṛktantravyākaraṇa n. Name of a pariśiṣṭa - of the sāma -veda - . ṛṇāpakaraṇa n. discharge or payment of debt. rogamūrtidānaprakaraṇa n. Name of work rūpāvatyalaṃkaraṇa n. (fr. prec. f. + al - ) Name of a poem sabāhyāntaḥkaraṇa mfn. with the external and internal organs (with ātman - m. "the whole self") śabdānukaraṇa mfn. imitating sounds sadācāraprakaraṇa n. Name of work ṣaḍdarśinīprakaraṇa n. Name of work sahakaraṇa n. acting together, common action or performance sāhasakaraṇa n. violence, force sahāyakaraṇa n. the act of rendering assistance, aiding sahetikaraṇa mfn. followed by the particle iti - śaivanavadaśaprakaraṇa n. Name of work sajjīkaraṇa n. the act of equipping, arraying, arming, preparing śakalīkaraṇa n. the act of breaking in pieces sakaraṇa ka mf(ikā - )n. transmitted by means of an organ (of the body), śākaṭāyanavyākaraṇa n. Name of a grammar (adopted by the jaina - community in opposition to the orthodox aṣṭādhyāyī - ). śaklīkaraṇa n. equals śakalī -k - , breaking or hewing in pieces sākṣātkaraṇa n. the act of putting before the eyes sākṣātkaraṇa n. intuitive perception, actual feeling sākṣātkaraṇa n. immediate cause of anything śālīnīkaraṇa n. the making humble, humiliation śālīnīkaraṇa n. abuse, reproach samabhyāśīkaraṇa n. bringing near on samādhiprakaraṇa n. Name of work samānādhikaraṇa n. grammatical agreement in case with (compound ) samānādhikaraṇa n. common or same government or case-relation samānādhikaraṇa n. same predicament or category, common substratum samānādhikaraṇa mfn. being in the same case-relation with (instrumental case or compound ), relating to the same subject ( samānādhikaraṇatā -tā - f. ; samānādhikaraṇatva -tva - n. ) etc. samānādhikaraṇa mfn. being in the same category or predicament or government samānādhikaraṇa mfn. having a common substratum (in the vaiśeṣika - philosophy ) samānādhikaraṇa tā f. samānādhikaraṇa samānādhikaraṇa tva n. samānādhikaraṇa samānakaraṇa mfn. having the same organ of utterance (said of a sound) samarasīkaraṇa n. causing to have equal feelings samāsaprakaraṇa n. Name of work saṃdhānakaraṇa mf(ī - )n. causing union or combination, who or what re-unites or heals or reconciles saṃdhānakaraṇa n. the act of uniting or healing saṃdhānakaraṇa n. allying, making peace saṃdhyāpañcīkaraṇa vārttika n. Name of work samīkaraṇa n. the act of making even, levelling on samīkaraṇa n. assimilation samīkaraṇa n. putting on a level with (instrumental case ) samīkaraṇa n. (in arithmetic ) equation, samīkaraṇa n. equalizing, setting to rights samīkaraṇa n. a roller (to level a sown field) samīkaraṇa samī - kri - etc. See . saṃjīvakaraṇa mf(ī - )n. bringing to life, animating saṃjñākaraṇa n. giving a name saṃjñākaraṇa parisiṣṭa n. Name of work saṃjñāprakaraṇa n. Name of work saṃkarīkaraṇa n. mixing together, confusing (especially illegal intermixture of castes or any similar illegality) saṃkhyāmuṣṭyadhikaraṇa kṣepa m. Name of work saṃkīrṇīkaraṇa n. equals saṃkarī -k - saṃkrāntiprakaraṇa n. Name of work sāmprayogikādhikaraṇa n. Name of a kāma -śāstra - . sampuṭīkaraṇa n. the furnishing with a cover or lid samṛddhikaraṇa n. means of procuring prosperity saṃsargaprakaraṇa n. Name of work saṃśayasamaprakaraṇa n. Name of work saṃskaraṇa n. the act of putting together, preparing saṃskaraṇa n. cremating (a corpse) saṃskāraprakaraṇa n. Name of work samudāyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work saṃvatsaraprakaraṇa n. Name of work śāntikaraṇa n. the averting of evil śāntiprakaraṇa n. Name of work śapathakaraṇa n. swearing or taking an oath sapattrākaraṇa n. wounding with an arrow or other feathered weapon so that the feathers enter the body (causing excessive pain) saphalīkaraṇa n. the act of making successful, sapiṇḍīkaraṇa n. equals sapiṇḍana - sapiṇḍīkaraṇa n. Name of work (also sapiṇḍīkaraṇakhaṇḍana ṇa -khaṇḍana - n. sapiṇḍīkaraṇāntakarman ṇā nta -karman - n. and sapiṇḍīkaraṇānvaṣṭakā ṇā n -vaṣṭakā - f. ) sapiṇḍīkaraṇa khaṇḍana n. sapiṇḍīkaraṇa saptapadīkaraṇa n. ( ) śarabhapakṣirājaprakaraṇa n. Name of work saralīkaraṇa n. making straight = sārasvatavyākaraṇa n. Name of a grammar. śaravyīkaraṇa n. the act of taking aim sarūpaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. idem or 'mfn. producing the same form or colour ' sarvādhikaraṇa n. plural all occasions ( sarvādhikaraṇeṣu ṇeṣu - ind. "on all occasions") sarvatomukhaprakaraṇa n. Name of work śāstrapūjanaprakaraṇa n. Name of work śastropakaraṇa n. arms and instruments of warfare, military apparatus satkaraṇa n. doing (the last) honour (to the dead), cremation of a corpse, funeral obsequies satpratipakṣadeśanābhāsaprakaraṇa n. Name of work śauryakaraṇa n. prowess savarṇīkaraṇa n. equals -varṇana - śeṣakaraṇa n. the leaving a remnant of (compound ) śeṣakaraṇa n. the doing what remains to be done siddhāntādhikaraṇa mālā f. Name of work on the vedā nta - (equals adhikaraṇa -m - q.v ) siddhāntalakṣaṇavivekaprakaraṇa n. Name of work siddhikaraṇa n. the act of producing success or fortune siddhikaraṇa vidhāna n. Name of a tantra - work sīmantakaraṇa n. the act or ceremony of parting the hair śiṣṭākaraṇa n. non-performance or neglect of what is prescribed śītalāprakaraṇa n. Name of work śithilīkaraṇa n. the act of loosening, relaxing, impairing, weakening śītīkaraṇa n. act of cooling, means of cooling śivapattramuhūrtaprakaraṇa n. (?) Name of work ślakṣṇīkaraṇa n. smoothing ślakṣṇīkaraṇa n. a means or method of polishing smaropakaraṇa n. implement of love (as perfumes etc.) śmaśānakaraṇa n. the laying out of a burning-ground smṛtyadhikaraṇa n. Name of work snānopakaraṇa n. any utensil used in bathing, any accessory of a bath sopakaraṇa mfn. together with the implements sopakaraṇa mfn. properly equipped spaṣṭīkaraṇa n. making clear or intelligible spaṣṭīkaraṇa n. equals -kṛti - sphātiṃkaraṇa n. dual number Name of two sāman - s sphuṭakaraṇa n. Name of work sphuṭīkaraṇa n. the act of making clear or evident, manifestation sphuṭīkaraṇa n. making true or correct, correction śraddhāprakaraṇa n. Name of work śrāddhavṛttiprakaraṇa n. Name of work śrīkaraṇa mfn. causing glory or distinction śrīkaraṇa mfn. "making the word śrī - ", a pen śrīkaraṇa mfn. Name of the capital of the Northern kosala - s (and residence of king prasena -jit - ;it was in ruins when visited by Fa-Hian, not far from the modern Fyzabad) sṛṣṭikaraṇa ṭīkā f. Name of an astronomy work śrutisārasamuddharaṇaprakaraṇa n. Name of work stabdhīkaraṇa n. stiffening, making rigid, paralyzing sthirīkaraṇa mfn. idem or 'mfn. making firm ' sthirīkaraṇa n. hardening sthirīkaraṇa n. making firm or fixed sthirīkaraṇa n. making durable, corroboration sthirīkaraṇa n. confirmation on sthitaprakaraṇa wrong reading for sthiti -pr - . sthitiprakaraṇa n. Name of a chapter of the vāsiṣṭha -rāmāyaṇa - . sthūlaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. making big etc. sthūlaprakaraṇa n. Name of work sthūlasūkṣmaprakaraṇa n. Name of work sthūlīkaraṇa n. the act of making large or bulky, causing erections (of the male organ) stotraprakaraṇa n. Name of work strīdhanaprakaraṇa n. Name of work strīkaraṇa n. sexual connection strīpratyayaprakaraṇa n. Name of work subhagaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. making happy subhagaṃkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. charming, enchanting subhagaṃkaraṇa n. fascinating, winning (a woman) śubhāśubhaprakaraṇa ṭīkā f. Name of work śuklīkaraṇa n. making white, whitening sūryapakṣakaraṇa n. Name of work sūtrakaraṇa n. the composition of a sūtra - svāḍhyaṃkaraṇa mfn. easily enriching Va1rtt. 9 svāhākaraṇa n. consecration by uttering svāhā - svakaraṇa n. making (a woman) one's own, marrying svapnābhikaraṇa n. a soporific remedy svapnaprakaraṇa n. Name of work svaraprakaraṇa n. Name of work svātmānandaprakaraṇa n. Name of work svātmanirūpaṇaprakaraṇa n. Name of work svīkaraṇa n. making one's own, appropriating, accepting, acquiring svīkaraṇa n. taking to wife, marrying assenting, agreeing, promising svīkaraṇa karman mfn. whose function is to appropriate śyāmāprakaraṇa n. śyenakaraṇa n. "acting like a hawk", acting with precipitation śyenakaraṇa n. burning on a separate funeral pile tantukaraṇa n. spinning, on tanūkaraṇa n. making thin, attenuation tanūkaraṇa n. paring taparakaraṇa n. causing ṭ - to follow, tathākaraṇa n. proceeding thus (a - - negative ) tattvaprabodhaprakaraṇa n. Name of work by haribhadra - II (A.D. 1200) tīrthīkaraṇa mfn. sanctifying tithidvaidhaprakaraṇa n. Name of work by śūla -pāṇi - . tithiprakaraṇa n. Name of a chapter of -sāraṇikā - tithiprakaraṇa n. of śrī -pati - 's jyotiṣa -ratna - - mālā - . tripurīprakaraṇa n. Name of a Vedantic work (ascribed to śaṃkara - ). trisūtrīkaraṇa n. Name of a performance trivṛtkaraṇa n. making threefold, ( ) tundilīkaraṇa n. the act of causing to swell, increasing unmukhīkaraṇa n. the causing to look at, excitement of attention upacārakaraṇa n. ( ) act of courteousness, politeness, civility. upakaraṇa etc. See upa - - 1. kṛ - . upakaraṇa n. the act of doing anything for another, doing a service or favour, helping, assisting, benefiting etc. upakaraṇa n. instrument, implement, machine, engine, apparatus, paraphernalia (as the vessels at a sacrifice etc.) etc. upakaraṇa n. anything added over and above, contribution, expedient upakaraṇa n. means of subsistence, anything supporting life upakaraṇa n. any object of art or science upakaraṇa n. anything fabricated etc. upakaraṇa n. the insignia of royalty upakaraṇa n. the attendants of a king upakaraṇa (according to some also) heaping earth (from kṝ - ), Vish2n upākaraṇa n. the act of bringing near, fetching etc. upākaraṇa n. setting about, preparation, beginning, commencing & etc. upākaraṇa n. commencement of reading the veda - (after the performance of preparatory rites, as initiation etc.) upākaraṇa n. Name of a particular stotra - or prayer at sacrifices upakaraṇa vat (upakaraṇ/a - ) mfn. furnished with means or instruments or implements, competent to do anything upākaraṇa vidhi m. Name of work upasaṃhāraprakaraṇa n. Name of work upaskaraṇa n. (for 2.See below) the act of decorating, embellishing, ornamenting upaskaraṇa n. ornament, embellishment upaskaraṇa n. idem or 'm. the act of hurting, violating ' urarīkaraṇa n. the act of admitting, adopting, admission, uṣṇaṃkaraṇa mfn. causing heat, heating vArttika on utpattiprakaraṇa n. Name of work vādikaraṇa khaṇḍana n. Name of work vagalāmukhīprakaraṇa n. Name of work vairāgyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work vairakaraṇa n. cause of hostility vaiṣṇavakaraṇa n. Name of work vaiṣṇavavyākaraṇa n. Name of work vaitathyaprakaraṇa n. Name of chapter of a work vaiyākaraṇa mfn. (fr. vy -ākaraṇa - ) relating to grammar, grammatical vaiyākaraṇa m. a grammarian etc. vaiyākaraṇa bhārya m. a man who has a female grammarian for a wife vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇa n. vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasaṃgraha m. vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasāra m. vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasarvasva n. vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇopanyāsa m. vaiyākaraṇa hastin m. an elephant given to a grammarian as a reward vaiyākaraṇa jīvātu f. Name of work vaiyākaraṇa kārikā f. Name of work vaiyākaraṇa khasūci m. a grammarian who merely pierces the air with a needle, a poor grammarian vaiyākaraṇa koṭipattra n. Name of work vaiyākaraṇa mañjūṣā f. vaiyākaraṇa padamañjarī f. Name of work vaiyākaraṇa paribhāṣārūpaśabdārthatarkāmṛta n. Name of work vaiyākaraṇa pāśa m. a bad grammarian vaiyākaraṇa sarvasva n. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntabhūṣaṇa n. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntabhūṣaṇasāra m. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntadīpikā f. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntakaumudī f. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntamañjūṣā f. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntamañjūṣāsāra m. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntarahasya n. Name of work vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntaratnākara m. Name of work vājīkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. equals prec. (also n. ) vājīkaraṇa mf(ī - )n. Name of work vājīkaraṇa tantra n. Name of work vajrīkaraṇa n. the making into a vajra - or into the form of a thunderbolt vakratuṇḍagaṇanāyakaprakaraṇa n. Name of work vakrīkaraṇa n. curving, bending, distorting vākyakaraṇa siddhānta m. Name of work vākyaprakaraṇa n. Name of work vanaṃkaraṇa n. a particular part of the body (with mehana - ) varṣadaśāprakaraṇa n. Name of work vaṣaṭkaraṇa n. the utterance of vaṣaṭ - vaśīkaraṇa n. the act of making subject, subjugating, bewitching (by means of spells etc.), overcoming by charms and incantations etc. (with genitive case or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' ) vaśīkaraprakaraṇa n. Name of work vāstuprakaraṇa n. Name of work vedāntādhikaraṇa cintāmaṇi m. Name of work vedāntādhikaraṇa mālā n. Name of work vedāntaprakaraṇa n. Name of work ( vedāntaprakaraṇavākyāmṛta ṇa -vākyā mṛta - n. ) vedāntaprakaraṇa vākyāmṛta n. vedāntaprakaraṇa vedikaraṇa n. the preparation of the vedi - vedikaraṇa n. plural the implements used for it vedopakaraṇa n. " veda - -instrument", a subordinate science for aiding or promoting a knowledge of the veda - (= vedā ṅga - ) vedopakaraṇa samūha m. Name of work vibhasmīkaraṇa n. freeing from ashes, dusting vicakṣuṣkaraṇa n. rendering hostile, alienation vidaladalīkaraṇa n. the act of rending asunder or dividing vijñānasaṃjñāprakaraṇa n. Name of work vikaraṇa mfn. (for 2.See ) deprived of organs of sense ( vikaraṇatva -tva - n. ) vikaraṇa m. (for 1.See )"producing a change."(in gram.) a term for the affix or conjugational characteristic which is placed between the root and terminations, the inserted conjugational affix (according to pāṇini - these affixes are śap - , śapo luk - , ślu - , śyan - , śnu - , śa - , śnam - , u - , śnā - , yak - ,and cli - [with its substitutes], tāsi - , sya - , sip - ,the first nine of which are added in the present tense , imperfect tense , Imperative, and Potential, and before a kṛt - which contains a mute palatal ś - ,in the case of Active verbs; yak - is added in the case of the karman - or bhāva - id est Passives or Neuters; cli - is added in the Aorist, tāsi - in the 1st Future, sya - in the 2nd Future and Conditional, and sip - before leṭ - .; lug -vikaraṇa - ,"having luk - for its vikaraṇa - "[said of roots of cl. 2.]; ākhyāta -pada -vikaraṇāḥ - ,"words which modify the finite verb" id est make it accented) vikaraṇa n. change, modification vikaraṇa n. a disturbing influence vikaraṇa tva n. vikaraṇa vimalikaraṇa n. the act of clearing, purification viparītagrahaprakaraṇa n. Name of . work viphalīkaraṇa n. making fruitless, frustrating, foiling, defeating viphalīkaraṇa n. doing anything in vain virajaskaraṇa n. freeing from dust, cleansing vīrasiṃhamitrodayesaṃskāraprakaraṇa n. Name of work virathīkaraṇa n. the depriving any one of a chariot virūpakaraṇa mf(ī - )n. disfiguring virūpakaraṇa n. the act of disfiguring virūpakaraṇa n. inflicting an injury viśalyakaraṇa mf(ī - )n. healing wounds inflicted by arrows viṣayīkaraṇa n. the making anything an object of perception or thought viśeṣakaraṇa n. making better, improvement viṣṇukaraṇa n. Name of work viṣṇuyantraprakaraṇa n. Name of work vispaṣṭīkaraṇa n. the making clear or evident viṣṭhākaraṇa n. voiding excrement viṣūcīnakaraṇa n. causing to go asunder, separating viśuddhakaraṇa mfn. one whose acts are pure or virtuous vitatkaraṇa See a -vi -t - . vituṣīkaraṇa n. unhusking vivāhaprakaraṇa n. Name of work vivāhaprakaraṇa ṭīkā f. Name of work vivāsakaraṇa n. causing banishment, banishing, transporting vṛddhavaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇa n. Name of work vṛṣṭikarendraprakaraṇa n. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa mfn. being in a different case-relation, relating to another subject vyadhikaraṇa n. incongruity vyadhikaraṇa n. the subsisting or inhering in different receptacles or subjects or substrata (sometimes applied to a loose or ambiguous argument; opp. to samānā dhik -See viśeṣa -vyāpti - ) vyadhikaraṇa n. Name of several works. vyadhikaraṇa vy -adhva - etc. See . vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnābhāva n. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnābhāvakroḍa n. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnābhāvapariṣkāra m. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnābhāvaprakāśa m. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnābhāvarahasya n. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnābhāvaṭikā f. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa dharmāvacchinnavāda n. Name of work vyadhikaraṇa pada mfn. containing words in different cases (as a bahuvrīhi - , exempli gratia, 'for example' kaṇṭhe -kāla - ,"one who has black colour in the throat"[= kālakaṇṭha - ,"black-throated"]) vyājīkaraṇa n. fraud, deception vyākaraṇa etc. See vy -ā - kṛ - . vyākaraṇa n. separation, distinction, discrimination vyākaraṇa n. explanation, detailed description vyākaraṇa n. manifestation, revelation vyākaraṇa n. (with Buddhists) prediction, prophecy (one of the nine divisions of scriptures ) etc. vyākaraṇa n. development, creation vyākaraṇa n. grammatical analysis, grammar etc. vyākaraṇa n. grammatical correctness, polished or accurate language vyākaraṇa n. the sound of a bow-string vyākaraṇa ḍhuṇḍhikā f. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa dīpa m. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa dīpavyākaraṇa n. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa dīpikā f. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa durghaṭodghāṭa m. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa ka n. a bad grammar vyākaraṇa kauṇḍinya m. Name of a Brahman vyākaraṇa kaustubha mn. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa khaṇḍana n. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣya n. the mahā -bhāṣya - of patañjali - vyākaraṇa mūla n. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa prakriyā f. grammatical formation of a word, etymology vyākaraṇa saṃgraha m. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa sāra m. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa siddha mfn. established by grammar, grammatical vyākaraṇa traya n. Name of gram. work vyākaraṇa vādagrantha m. Name of gram. work vyaktīkaraṇa n. the act of making manifest or clear or distinct vyānatakaraṇa n. a particular posture in coitus, lb. vyayakaraṇa m. a paymaster vyayakaraṇa ka m. a paymaster vyayīkaraṇa n. the act of expending or disbursing, wasting yajñopakaraṇa n. an implement useful or necessary for sacrifice yātrākaraṇa n. the setting forth on a journey or march yātrāprakaraṇa n. Name of work (and yātrāprakaraṇaṭīkā -ṭīkā - f. ) yātrāprakaraṇa ṭīkā f. yātrāprakaraṇa yogābhyāsaprakaraṇa n. Name of work yoginīdaśāprakaraṇa n. Name of work yuddhopakaraṇa n. any war implement, accoutrements
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karaṇa करण a. [कृ-ल्युट्] 1 Making, doing, effecting, producing. -2 (Ved.) Clever, skilled; रथं न दस्रा करणा समिन्वथः Rv.1.119.7. -णः 1 (Ved.) An assistant. यमस्य करणः Av.6.46.2. -2 A man of a mixed tribe. -3 A writer, जज्ञे धीमांस्ततस्तस्यां युयुत्सुः करणो नृप Mb.1.115. 43; Ms.1.22. -4 A child. cf. ...... करणः शिशौ । शूद्राविशोः सुते$पि स्यात् Nm. -णम् 1 Doing, performing, accomplishing, effecting; परहित˚, संध्या˚, प्रिय˚ &c. -2 Act, action. -3 Religious action; Y.1.251. -4 Business, trade. -5 An organ of sense; वपुषा करणोज्झि- तेन सा निपतन्ती पतिमप्यपातयत् R.8.38,42; पटुकरणैः प्राणिभिः Me.5; R.14.5. -6 The body; उपमानमभूद्विलासिनां करणं यत्तव कान्तिमत्तया Ku.4.5. -7 An instrument or means of an action, न तस्य कार्यं करणं न विद्यते Śvet.6.8; करणं च पृथग्विधम् Bg.18.14.18. उपमितिकरणमुपमानम् T. S.; तस्य भोगाधिकरणे करणानि निबोध मे Mb.3.181.19. -8 (In Logic) The instrumental cause which is thus defined :- व्यापारवद- साधारणं कारणं करणम्. -9 A cause or motive (in general). -1 The sense expressed by the instrumental case (in gram.); साधकतमं करणम् P.1.4.42; or क्रियायाः परिनिष्पत्तिर्यद्- व्यापारादनन्तरम् । विवक्ष्यते यदा यत्र करणं तत्तदा स्मृतम् ॥ -11 (In law) A document, a bond, documentary proof; Ms.8.15,52,154. -12 A kind of rhythmical pause, beat of the hand to keep time; अनुगर्जितसंधिग्धाः करणै- र्मुरजस्वनाः Ku.6.4. -13 (In Astrol.) A Division of the day; (these Karaṇas are eleven). -बव, बालव, कौलव, तैतिल, गर, वणिज, विष्टि, शकुनि, चतुष्पाद, नाग and र्किस्तुघ्न. -14 The Supreme Being. -15 Pronunciation. -16 The posture of an ascetic. -17 A posture in sexual enjoyment. बोभुज्यते स्म करणेन नरेन्द्रपुत्री Bil. ch.42. वात्स्यायनोक्तकरणैर्निखिलैर्मनोज्ञै । संभुज्यते कविवरेण नरेन्द्रपुत्री ॥ Ibid.45. -18 A field. -19 Plastering with the hand. -2 The usage of the writer caste. -21 The Principle of intelligence; दृष्टाः करणाश्रयिणः Sāṅ. K.43. -22 (In Astron.) N. of a treatise of Varāhamihira on the motion of planets. -णी 1 A woman of a mixed caste. माहिष्येण करण्यां तु रथकारः प्रजायते Y.1.95. -2 Absurd or irrational number. -सुता f. An adopted daughter. -Comp. -अधिपः the soul, स कारणं करणाधिपाधिपः Śvet. 6.9. -कुतूहलम् N. of a work on practical astronomy by Bhāskara. -ग्रामः the organs of sense taken collectively. -त्राणम् the head. -विभक्तिः f. The instrumental case; सूक्तवाकेनेति करणविभक्तिसंयोगात् । ŚB. on यMS.3.2.12. -विन्ययः manner of pronunciation. akaraṇa m अकरणम् [कृ-भावे ल्युट् न. त.] Not doing, absence of action; अकरणान्मन्दकरणं श्रेयः. -ण a. [न. ब.] 1 Not artificial, natural. -2 Devoid of all organs, (epithet of the Supreme Spirit). adhikaraṇa m अधिकरणम् [कृ-ल्युदट्] 1 Placing at the head of, appointing &c. -2 Relation, reference, connection; रामाधिकरणाः कथाः Rām. referring to. -3 (In gram.) Agreement, concord, government or grammatical relation (as of subject and predicate &c.); तत्पुरुषः समानाधिकरणः कर्मधारयः P.1.2.42 having the members (of the compound) in the same relation or apposition; समानाधिकरणो or व्यधिकरणो बहुर्व्रीहिः; पीताम्बरः, चक्रपाणिः &c. -4 A receptacle or subject, technically substratum ज्ञानाधिकरणम् आत्मा T. S. the soul is the substratum of knowledge. -5 Location, place, the sense of the locative case; आधारोधिकरणम् P.1.4.45; कर्तृकर्म- व्यवहितामसाक्षाद्धारयत् क्रियाम् । उपकुर्वत् क्रियासिद्धौ शास्त्रेधिकरणं स्मृतम् ॥ Hari; as गेहे स्थाल्यामन्नं पचति. -6 A topic, subject; section, article or paragraph; a complete argument treating of one subject; A chapter in Kauṭilīya Arthaśāstra. e. g. प्रथमाधिकरणम् the Sūtras of Vyāsa and Jaimini are divided into Adhyāyas, the Adhyāyas into Pādas and the Pādas into Adhikara-ṇas or sections. (According to the Mīmāṁsakas a complete Adhikaraṇa consists of five members : विषय the subject or matter to be explained, विशय or संशय the doubt or question arising upon that matter, पूर्वपक्ष the first side or prima facie argument concerning it, उत्तर or उत्तरपक्ष or सिद्धान्त the answer or demonstrated conclusion, and संगति pertinency or relevancy, or (according to others निर्णय the final conclusion); विषयो विशयश्चैव पूर्वपक्षस्तथोत्तरम् । निर्णयश्चैति सिद्धान्तः शास्त्रे$धिकरणं स्मृतम् ॥ The Vedāntins put संगति in th 3 rd place, and सिद्धान्त last; तत्र एकैकमधिकरणं पञ्चावयवम्, विषयः संदेहः संगतिः पूर्वपक्षः सिद्धान्तश्च. Generally speaking, the five members may be विषय, संशय, पूर्वपक्ष, उत्तरपक्ष and सिद्धान्त or राद्धान्त). -7 Court of justice, court, tribunal; स्वान्दोषान् कथयन्ति नाधिकरणे Mk.9.3; ˚रणे च साधनम् Dk.4. -8 Stuff, material; विप्रतिषिद्धं चानधिकरणवाचि P.II.4.13 (अद्रव्यवाचि); अधिकरणै ˚एतावत्त्वे च P.II.4.15 fixed number of things, as दश तन्तोष्ठः Sk. -9 A claim, Bhāg, 5.1.16. -1 Supremacy. -11 A government department; सर्वाधिकरणरक्षणम् Kau. A.4. -12 A gathering place प्रत्यक्षाश्च परोक्षाश्च सर्वाधिकरणेष्वथ । वृत्तेर्भरतशार्दूल नित्यं चैवान्ववेक्षणम् ॥ Mb.12.59.68. -13 A department; अश्वागारान् गजागारान् बलाधिकरणानि च Mb.12. 69.54. -णी One who superintends. -Comp. -भोजकः a court-dignitary, a judge, भीतभीता अधिकरणभोजकाः Mk.9. -मण्डपः court or hall of justice. अधिकरणमण्डपस्य मार्गमादेशय Mk.9. -लेखकः a. official recorder or scribe, who drew up sale-deeds and other documents after getting the land measured in his presence; RT.VI.38. -विचालः [अधिकरणस्य विचालः अन्यथाकरणम्] changing the quantity of any thing, increasing or decreasing it so many times; ˚विचाले च P.V.3.43; द्रव्यस्य संख्यान्तरापादने संख्याया धा स्यात्; एकं राशिं पञ्चधा कुरु Sk. -सिद्धान्तः a conclusion which involves others. anirākaraṇa m अनिराकरणम् Not obstructing or warding off. anukaraṇa m अनुकरणम् कृतिः f. 1 Imitation; त्वदीयसुचरितैकदेशस्यानु- करणं किलैतत् Mu.7. -2 Copy, resemblance, similarity; शब्दानुकरणम् onamatopoeia; अव्यक्तानुकरणस्यात इतौ P.VI. 1.98; V.4.57; I.4.62; धूमोद्गारानुकृतिनिपुणाः Me.71. -3 Compliance; ओमित्येतदनुकृति ह स्म वै Taitt. Up.8. andhaṅkaraṇa अन्धङ्करण a. Making blind (P.III.2.56).
अन्धंभविष्णु andhambhaviṣṇu भावुक bhāvuka
अन्धंभविष्णु भावुक a. Becoming blind (P.III.2.57). apakaraṇa m अपकरणम् 1 Acting improperly. -2 Doing wrong, injuring; ill-treating, offending. aprakaraṇa m अप्रकरणम् Not the main or principal topic, incidental or irrelevant matter. abhikaraṇa m अभिकरणम् 1 Effecting, doing. -2 A charm, incantation. abhimukhīkaraṇa m अभिमुखीकरणम् Causing (one) to turn the face towards; speaking to, addressing (in gram.); संबोधनम- भिसुखीकरणम् abhyantarīkaraṇa m अभ्यन्तरीकरणम् Initiating, introducting &c.; सजीव- निर्जीवासु च द्यूतकलास्वभ्यन्तरीकरणम् Dk.39. āḍhyaṃkaraṇa आढ्यंकरण a. (-णी f.) [P.III.2.56.] Enriching. आढ्यंकरणविक्रान्तो महिषस्य सुरद्विषः Bk.6.114. -णम् The means of enriching, wealth, prosperity.
आढ्यंभविष्णु āḍhyambhaviṣṇu भावुक bhāvuka
आढ्यंभविष्णु भावुक a. [P.III.2.57] Becoming rich or eminent. आढ्यंभविष्णुर्यशसा कुमारः Bk. ādhīkaraṇa m आधीकरणम् Pledging, a pledge. upakaraṇa m उपकरणम् 1 Doing service or favour, helping, assisting. -2 Material, implement, instrument, means; यथैवोपकरणवतां जीवितं तथैव ते जीवितं स्यात् Bṛi. Up.2.4.2.; स्वेषूपकरणेषु U.5; ˚द्रव्यम् Mk.3; उपकरणीभावमायाति U.3.3 serve as helping instruments, or assistants; परोप- कारोपकरणं शरीरम् K.27; so स्नान˚ bathing materials; Pt.1; व्यायाम˚ athletic materials; आत्मा परोपकरणीकृतः H.2.24; K.8,12,198,24; Y.2.276, Ms.9.27. -3 An engine, machine, apparatus, paraphernalia (in general). -4 Means of subsistence, anything supporting life. -5 A means or expedient; कर्म˚, वेद˚, यज्ञ˚ &c. -6 Fabricating, composing, elaborating. -7 The insignia of royalty. -8 The attendants of a king. -Comp. -अर्थ a. Suitable, requisite. upasaṃskaraṇa m उपसंस्करणम् Preparing, purifying. upaskaraṇa m उपस्करणम् 1 Killing, injuring. -2 A collection. -3 A change, modification. -4 An ellipsis. -5 Blame, censure. upākaraṇa m उपाकरणम् 1 An invitation to begin, bringing near; पवमान˚, प्रातरनुवाक˚ &c. -2 A term given to certain sentences called Praiṣas (with which one priest calls another to perform a sacrifice). -3 Immolation, sacrifice of an animal consecrated according to rites. -4 Preparation, beginning, commencement. -5 Commencement of reading the Veda after the performance of the preparatory rite; cf. उपाकर्मन्; वेदोपाकरणाख्यं कर्म करिष्ये Srāvaṇī-mantra. kṛṣṇīkaraṇa m कृष्णीकरणम् Blackening, making black. kroḍīkaraṇa m क्रोडीकरणम् Embracing, clasping to the bosom. tanūkaraṇa m तनूकरणम् making thin, attenuation; Yoga S.2.2. tundilīkaraṇa m तुन्दिलीकरणम् Increasing, swelling; नयनानन्दसंदोह- करणक्षमा Bv.4.9.
तुप् tup तुम्प् tump तुम्फ् tumph
तुप् तुम्प् तुम्फ् 1, 6. P. (तोपति, तुपति, तुम्प-फ-ति) To injure, hurt. dṛḍhīkaraṇa m दृढीकरणम् कारः Confirmation, corroboration जाप- कस्य दृढीकारः कथमेतद्भविष्यति Mb.12.199.6. dvaidhīkaraṇa m द्वैधीकरणम् Making into two, separating. dhvajīkaraṇa m ध्वजीकरणम् 1 Raising a standard, hoisting a flag. -2 Setting up as a pretext of claim, making anything a plea. nagnaṃkaraṇa m नग्नंकरणम् Making naked.
नग्नंभविष्णु nagnambhaviṣṇu भावुक bhāvuka
नग्नंभविष्णु भावुक a. Becoming naked.
नग्नमुषितप्रख्य nagnamuṣitaprakhya
नग्नमुषितप्रख्य a. One who is robbed to nakedness; (कश्चिन्मुषितो नग्नो भवति तद्वद् भूतम्); को नग्नमुषितप्रख्यं बहु मन्येत राघवम् Bk.5.84. nirākaraṇa m निराकरणम् 1 Repudiating, expelling, turning away; निराकरणविक्लवा Ś.6. -2 Banishing. -3 Obstruction, contradiction, opposition, rejection. -4 Refutation, reply. -5 Contempt. -6 Neglecting the chief sacrificial duties. -7 Forgetting. pañcīkaraṇa m पञ्चीकरणम् A philosophical term meaning the action by which anything is constituted of the five elements; (1/2 of one and 1/8 of other four elements) द्विधा द्विधा चेकैकं चतुर्धा पञ्चमं पुनः । स्वस्वेतरद्वितीयांशैर्योजनात् पञ्च पञ्च ते ॥ Vedāntasāra 39.42. parākaraṇa m पराकरणम् The act of setting aside, rejecting, disregarding, disdaining. palitaṃkaraṇa पलितंकरण a. Rendering grey.
पलितंभविष्णु palitambhaviṣṇu भावुक bhāvuka
पलितंभविष्णु भावुक a. Becoming grey; P.III.2.57. pavitrīkaraṇa m पवित्रीकरणम् 1 Purification. -2 Means of purifying. pātraukaraṇa m पात्रौकरणम् Marriage ममैव पात्रौकरणे$ग्निसाक्षिकमङ्गसङ्गतम् N.6.68. puraskaraṇa m पुरस्करणम् The act of placing in front, honouring &c.; see पुरस्कार below. prakaraṇa m प्रकरणम् 1 Treating, explaining, discussing. -2 (a) A subject, topic, department, a subject (of representation); कतमत् प्रकरणमाश्रित्य Ś.1. (b) A head or subject of treatment. (c) A province or department. -3 A section, chapter or any smaller division of a work. तस्यायं प्रकरणाधिकरणसमुद्देशः Kau. A.1.1.1. -4 An opportunity, occasion. -5 An affair, a matter; अस्मिन्नेव प्रकरणे धनंजयमुदारधीः (उवाच) Mb.12.26.1. -6 An introduction, prologue; वयमपि प्रकरणमारभामहे Pratijñā 1. -7 Relation. -8 Doing much or well. -9 A species of drama with invented or fictitious plot; as the मृच्छकटिक, मालतीमाधव, पुष्पभूषित &c. The S. D. thus defines it:-- भवेत् प्रकरणे वृत्तं लौकिकं कविकल्पितं । शृङ्गारो$ङ्गी नायकस्तु विप्रो$मात्यो$थवा वणिक् । सापायधर्मकामार्थपरो धीर- प्रशान्तकः ॥ 511. -1 Context. This is one of the six प्रमाणs helpful in properly construing a विनियोगविधि. These प्रमाणs and their relative strength is stated by जैमिनि in श्रुतिलिङ्गवाक्यप्रकरणस्थानसमाख्यानां पारदौर्बल्यमर्थविप्र- कर्षात् प्रकरणाच्च ज्योतिष्टोमेनैकवाक्यता स्यात् ŚB. on MS.1. 5.37. -Comp. -समः a kind of sophism; an assertion by two opponents of some argument which has the same force.
प्रकरणिका prakaraṇikā प्रकरणी prakaraṇī
प्रकरणिका प्रकरणी A drama of the same character as the प्रकरण. The S. D. thus defines it:-- नाटिकैव प्रकरणिका सार्थवाहादिनायिका । समानवंशजा नेतुर्भवेद्यत्र च नायिका ॥ 554. pracurīkaraṇa m प्रचुरीकरणम् Adding to, increasing. pratyupākaraṇa m प्रत्युपाकरणम् Recommencement of Vedic study. prāduṣkaraṇa m प्रादुष्करणम् Manifestation, making visible. baṭūkaraṇa m बटूकरणम् Investiture with the sacred thread. bahiṣkaraṇa m बहिष्करणम् 1 An external organ. -2 Expulsion from. -3 Excepting, excluding. bahulīkaraṇa m बहुलीकरणम् 1 Increasing, aggrandizement. -2 Divulging, promulgation. -3 Multiplying, magnifying. -4 Winnowing, threshing. bhaṅgurīkaraṇa m भङ्गुरीकरणम् Making fragile. bhasmīkaraṇa m भस्मीकरणम् 1 Reducing to ashes. -2 Completely consuming of burning. -3 Calcining. maṇḍalīkaraṇa m मण्डलीकरणम् Rounding, coiling. miśrīkaraṇa m मिश्रीकरणम् 1 The act of mixing, seasoning. -2 An ingredient; P.II.1.35. mūlīkaraṇa m मूलीकरणम् The extraction of the square-root. mūṣīkaraṇa m मूषीकरणम् Melting in a crucible. vaśīkaraṇa m वशीकरणम् 1 Fascinating, attracting. -2 A cause of attraction or allurement; एकैकमेव हि वशीकरणं गरीयः Māl.6.17. -3 Subduing, subjugation. vājīkaraṇa m वाजीकरणम् Stimulating or exciting desire by aphrodisiacs; यद् द्रव्यं पुरुषं कुर्याद् वाजिवत्सुरतक्षमम् । तद्वाजीकरणं ख्यातम् Suśr. vikaraṇa ḥ विकरणः The inserted conjugational affix, the conjugational sign placed between the root and the terminations. -णम् Change, modification. vikalīkaraṇa m विकलीकरणम् 1 Maiming, mutilating. -2 Confusing, perplexing. viṣayīkaraṇa m विषयीकरणम् The making anything the object of thought. vaiyākaraṇa वैयाकरण a. (-णी f.) [व्याकरणं वेत्त्यधीते वा अण्] Grammatical. -णः A grammarian; वैयाकरणकिरातादप- शब्दमृगाः क्व यान्तु संत्रस्ताः Subbāṣ. -Comp. -खसूचिः (a grammarian who merely pierces the air with a needle) a poor grammarian. -पाशः a bad grammarian. -भार्यः one whose wife is a grammarian. vyadhikaraṇa m व्यधिकरणम् Subsisting in different receptacles or substrata; (as in व्यधिकरणबहुव्रीहि which means 'a Bahuvrīhi compound, the first member of which is not in apposition, or stands in a different case-relation, to the second, in the dissolution of the compound'; e. g. चक्रपाणिः, चन्द्रमौलिः &c. vyākaraṇa m व्याकरणम् 1 Analysis, decomposition. -2 Grammatical analysis, grammar, one of the six Vedāṅgas q. v.; सिंहो व्याकरणस्य कर्तुरहरत् प्राणान् प्रियान् पाणिनेः Pt.2.33. -3 Explaining, expounding. -4 Discrimination. -5 Manifestation. -6 Prediction. -7 The sound of a bow-string. -Comp. -प्रक्रिया etymology, derivation (of a word). vyājīkaraṇa m व्याजीकरणम् Fraud, deception. śaravyīkaraṇa m शरव्यीकरणम् The act of taking aim. śālīnīkaraṇa m शालीनीकरणम् 1 Humiliation; P.I.3.7. -2 Abuse, reproach. saṃskaraṇa m संस्करणम् 1 Preparing, putting together. -2 Cremating (a corpse). saṃkarīkaraṇa m संकरीकरणम् Illegality, sin; खराश्वोष्ट्रमृगेभानामजाविक- वधस्तथा । संकरीकरणं ज्ञेयं मीनाहिमहिषस्य च ॥ Ms.11.68. sapatrākaraṇa m सपत्राकरणम् 1 Wounding in such a manner that the feathered part of the arrow enters the body. -2 Causing excessive pain; cf. निष्पत्राकरण. samākaraṇa m समाकरणम् Calling, summoning. saṃpuṭīkaraṇa m संपुटीकरणम् the furnishing with a cover or lid. sopakaraṇa सोपकरण a. Provided with all requisite materials or implements, properly equipped; सहोढं सोपकरणं घात- येदविचारयन् Ms.9.27. spaṣṭīkaraṇa m स्पष्टीकरणम् Making clear or intelligible. sphuṭīkaraṇa m स्फुटीकरणम् 1 Manifestation. -2 Correction. hastekaraṇa m हस्तेकरणम् Marrying.
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karaṇa a. (î) making, producing, performing (--°ree;); m. a certain mixed caste; tune; word (gr.); n. making, doing; perform ing; producing; action; deed; rite; business; organ of sense; body; instrument; legal docu ment or evidence; notion of the instrumental case (gr.): -tâ, f., -tva, n. instrumentality (gr.): -rûpa, a. having the form of an instru ment (ph.); î-ya, fp. to be done; n. business. akaraṇa a. unartificial, natural. akaraṇa n. omission to do. akāryakaraṇa n. doing a mis deed. agnaukaraṇa n. burnt offering. aṅgīkaraṇa n. concession; acquiescence. adhikaraṇa n. substratum; substance, matter; subject, department; section, paragraph; law-court; that in which anything happens; sphere of the locative (gr.); -mandapa, n. law-court; -lekhaka,m. lawyer's clerk. antaḥkaraṇa n. the internal organ (ph.); heart; -kopa, m. internal anger; -pura, n. (inner city), royal citadel; harem, women's apartments; sg. & pl. wives of a king: -kara, m. harem-attendant,-gana, m. women of the harem, -vriddhâ, f. old female attendant of the harem; -purikâ, f. woman of the harem; -prakriti, f. pl. constituent elements of the state except the prince. apātrīkaraṇa a. making a person unworthy. anukaraṇa n. imitation. alaṃkaraṇa n. ornamenting; ornament; -in, a. ornamented; -ishnu, a. fond of dress; adorning (ac.); -tri, m. adorner. avipakvakaraṇa a. having immature organs. āviṣkaraṇa n., °ree;-kâra, m. manifestation, display. upakaraṇa n. doing a service or favour; accessory; implement, instrument; furniture; contribution; means; aid; supple mentary treatise; (á)-vat, a. supplied with means; î-kri, make a tool of; î-bhû,become a tool of; î-ya, fp. to whom a service is to be done or is done: -tâ, f. abst. n. upākaraṇa n. preparation; be ginning of Vedic study; -karman, n. id. aupākaraṇa n. commencement of Vedic study. kimadhikaraṇa a. directed to what? -abhidhâna, a. how named? -ar tha, a. having what purpose? -m, ad. for what purpose? wherefore? -âkhya, a. how named? -âdhâra, a. relating to what? kṛtārthīkaraṇa a. satisfac tory; -kri, satisfy; -bhû, be satisfied. camatkaraṇa n. astonishment, surprise; -kâra, m. id.; -kârita, cs. pp. as tonished; -kriti, f. astonishment. cūḍākaraṇa n. ceremony of ton sure; -karna, m. N. of a beggar; -karman, n. ceremony of tonsure; -pâsa, m. thick locks on the crown; -mani, m. crest-jewel; --°ree;, jewel or pearl among; N.; T. of various works; -ratna, n. crest-jewel. tanūkaraṇa n. attenuating; -kar tri, m. diminisher. dṛḍhīkaraṇa n. confirmation; -kâra, m. id. nāmakaraṇa n. ceremony of giving a name; -karman, n. id.; -kîrtana, n. mentioning the name of (g.); -gotra, n. du. personal and family name; -graha, m., -grahana, n. mention of a name; -grâhá, m. id.: (-gr&asharp;ha)-m, abs. mentioning the name; -gâti-graha, m.: -na, n. mention of the name and rank (of the caste). nirākaraṇa n. expulsion; re pudiation of a wife; removal; disproval; -âkaranîya, fp. to be disproved; -âkari shnu, a. repudiating (ac.); seeking to remove from (ab.); forgetful; -âkartavya, fp. to be disproved; -âkartri, m. contemner of (g.); a. disproving; -âkâ&ndot;ksha, a. expecting nothing; having no desires; requiring no supplement; -âkâra, a. formless, bodiless; having no object, vacant; -âkula, a. not crowded, unfrequented; not confused, orderly; unconcerned, calm; -â kriti, a. formless; neglecting one's religious duties; -âkranda, a. unprotected; affording no protection; m. or n. unsheltered place; -âkri yâ, f.expulsion; disproval; -âgas, a. guiltless; -âgraha, a. not obstinately insisting on any thing; -âkikîrshu, des. a. wishing to refute any one (ac.); -âgîvya, a. affording no livelihood; -âdambara, ad. without much talk (°ree;--); -âta&ndot;ka, a. free from ailment or anxiety; causing no ailment or anxiety; -â- tapa, a. sheltered from the heat of the sun, shady; -âtapatra, a. destitute of an umbrella; -âtithya, n. inhospitable (forest); -âdara, a.showing no respect towards (lc.); -âdhi, a. free from care; -ânanda, a. joyless, sad; -ântra, a. disembowelled; -âpad, a. free from adversity; -âbâdha, a. undisturbed; harm less; frivolous, futile; -âmaya, m. health, welfare; a. healthy, well; salubrious; in fallible; -âmarsha, a. putting up with every thing, apathetic; -âmisha, a. fleshless; hav ing no sensual desires: -½âsin, a. not eating flesh, not carnivorous; -âyata-tva, n. lack of extension, shortness; -âyati, a. having no future; -âyâsa, a. involving no trouble; causing no fatigue; -âyudha, a. unarmed; -ârambha, a. unenterprising, inactive; -â lamba, a. having no support; suspended in the air; self-supported, isolated, affording no support; -âlâpa, a. not talking; -âloka, a. devoid of light, dark; blind, foolish; -âvar ana, a. uncovered, manifest; -âsa, a. having given up all hope or expectation, despairing (of, ac. with prati, d., ab., lc., or --°ree;): -kara, a. taking away all hope of, rendering impos sible, -tva, n. hopelessness; -âsa&ndot;ka, a. fear less; not afraid of (lc.); -âsa&ndot;kya, fp. not to be feared; -âsâ, f. renunciation of all hopes: -½âsanna, pp. verging on despair; -âsitva, n. despair; -âsin, a. having renounced all hope, hopeless; -âsis, a. having no desires or hopes; -âsî-bhû, lose all hope; -âsrama, a. being in none of the four stages of a Brâh man: -pada, a. having no hermitages (forest); -âsramin, a. id.; -âsraya, a. shelterless, un supported; independent; unprotected; -âsa, m. expulsion, exclusion, rejection, repudiation; -âstha, a. taking no interest in, not caring about (--°ree;); -âhâra, m. fasting; a. abstaining from food, having nothing to eat: -tâ, f. abst. n. pañcīkaraṇa n. reduction to five, combination with the five subtle elements. paropakaraṇa n. rendering of services to others; î-kri, make the instru ment of others; -½upakâra, m. services ren dered to others; -½upakâr-in, a. benefiting others (-i-tva, n. abst. n.); m. N. of a prince; -½upakriti, f. rendering of services to others. piṇḍīkaraṇa n. clenching; -kri, make into a lump, clench; compress, densify; concentrate; identify with (saha); -bhâva, m. being compressed or clenched; -bhû, become agglomerated, be closely united; -lepa, m. kind of ointment. pūjopakaraṇa n. requisite for doing honour (Pr.). pratyupākaraṇa n. recom mencement of Vedic study; -½âsanam, ad. for every kind of worship. pratyadhikaraṇa m ad. at every section or paragraph. pratyakṣīkaraṇa n. ocular inspection; -kri, look at with one's own eyes; -bhû, become manifest, appear in bodily form. pramāṇīkaraṇa n. quoting as an authority; -kri, apportion anything (ac.) to any one (g.); regard or adopt (a per son or thing) as an authority (ac.), act ac cording to, follow (ac.); regard as evidence. prāduṣkaraṇa n. manifesta tion; production, kindling (of fire). phalīkaraṇa n. cleansing of grain; m. pl. chaff (of rice) or smallest grains (according to commentator); -kri, cleanse grain from chaff; -bhû, obtain a reward. bahiṣkaraṇa n. 1. external organ; 2. exclusion from (ab.); -kârya, fp. to be banished; -excluded from (ab.); -krita, pp. ejected, expelled; -kriti, f. exclusion; -kriya, a. excluded from sacred rites;-kriyâ, f. external action (such as bathing etc.). bāhyakaraṇa n. external organ of sense; -tara, cpv. external etc.; outcast; -tas, ad. prp. outside, without (ab., g.); -tâ, f. deviation or divergence from (ab.); -pra kriti, f. pl. constituent parts of a foreign state (except the king). bhūtakaraṇa n. that which pro duces the past tense, augment; -kartri, m. creator of beings; -kâla, m. past time; -kâl ika, a. relating to the past; -krít, a. creat ing beings; m. creator of beings; -ketu, m. N. of a Vetâla; -gana, m. the host of created beings; a or the host of spirits; -grâ ma, m. sg. & pl. the aggregate of created beings, community of creatures; multitude of spirits; -kârin, a. moving among beings (Siva); -kintâ, f. investigation of the ele ments; -kaitanika, m. believer in the doc trine that mind is produced from material elements; -kaitanya, n. state of matter being mind; -gananî, f. mother of all beings; -gâta, n.aggregate of beings; -tâ, f. verity, truth; -tva, n. condition of created beings or elements; -dayâ, f. tenderness to all creatures; -druh, a. injuring creatures; -dharâ, f. supporter of creatures, earth; -dhâtrî, f. supporter of creatures (sleep); earth; -dhârinî, f. earth; -nâtha, m. ruler of spirits, ep. of Siva; -nikaya, m. (aggre gate of elements), body; -páti, m. lord of creatures, esp. of evil spirits, ep. of Agni, Bhava, Sarva, and Siva; -pâla, m.protector of creatures; -pûrva, a. having been before, former; old (stories); deceased: -tâ, f. for mer circumstances; -prakriti, f. primal source of created beings; -bhartri, m. lord of spirits, ep. of Siva; -bhâvana, a.blessing creatures, ep. of Brahman; -bhâvin, a. creating beings; past and future; -bhâshâ, f., -bhâshita, (pp.) n. language of the goblins; -bhrit, a. supporting beings; -bhautika, a. consisting of the elements and what is formed of them; -maya, a. (î) including all beings; formed out of the five elements; -mahesvara, m. great lord of the spirits, ep. of Siva; -mâ trâ, f. pl. the subtile elements; the gross and the subtile elements; -yagñá, m.offering to all created beings (one of the five Mahâya gñas to be performed daily by the householder; it consists in the oblation of the Bali, q. v.); -yoni, f. origin of created beings; -râg, m. king of the spirits, ep. of Siva; -rûpa, a. having the form of a goblin. malinīkaraṇa n. soiling, sul lying; action causing impurity: î-ya, a. rendering impure; -kri, soil, dirty; defile; obscure, eclipse; -bhû, become dirty; be come obscured, disappear. mūlīkaraṇa n. extraction of the square root; -kri, extract the square root. vājīkaraṇa a. producing viri lity; n. aphrodisiac. viṣayīkaraṇa n. makingan object; -kri, spread abroad; bring into one's sphere or power (ac.); make the object; -bhû, become the sphere of (g.); become the ob ject. vaiyākaraṇa m. [vyâkarana] grammarian. vyaktīkaraṇa n. making mani fest; -bhâva, m. becoming manifest. vyadhikaraṇa a. involving a different case-relation (Bahuvrîhi compound, the first member of which is not in apposition to the second; e.g. saravana-bhava, &open;having his origin in a forest of reeds&close;). vyākaraṇa n. separation, dis crimination (rare); development, creation (rare); (analysis), grammar; grammatical correctness; -kartri, m. developer, creator; -kâra, m. development, detailed description; -kîrna, pp. (√ krî); n. confusion of cases. śaravyīkaraṇa n. making one's aim. śeṣakaraṇa n. leaving a rem nant of (--°ree;); -tas, ad. otherwise; -tva, n. secondariness; applicability to other cases; -bhug, a. eating the remnants; -bhûta, pp. remaining; secondary; -vistâra-pându, a. pale in its remaining extent. saṃskaraṇa n. preparation; cre mation; -skartavya, fp. to be prepared; -skartri, m. preparer (of food); consecrator, performer of a rite; producer of an impression. samīkaraṇa n. levelling; as similation; putting on a level with (in.); equalising, setting to rights; -kri, level; rase to the ground; equalize; place on an equality with, declare to be equal to (in.); adjust, set tle; -kriti, f. weighing. sthirīkaraṇa n. corroboration; -kartavya, fp. to be encouraged; -kâra, m. corroboration; -kri, confirm, strengthen; stop (a horse); make permanent, establish; cor roborate; steel (the heart); encourage; -bhû, take courage. sphuṭīkaraṇa n. making clear or evident, manifestation; -kri, make clear or evident; manifest; sharpen (the senses); -bhû, become clear or evident. svakaraṇa n. making a woman one's own, marrying; -karma-ga, a. due to one's own act; -karman, n. one's (own) deed; one's (own) business or occupation; one's duty; -kâla, m. one's own time, proper time: lc. at the right time. svīkaraṇa n. making one's own, accepting, acquiring anything; taking to wife, espousal; assenting, agreeing; -kartavya, fp. to be accepted; -kartri, m. one wishing to win any one; -kâra, m.acquirement; re ception (of any one); assent, promise: -gra ha, m. robbery; -kârya, fp. to be taken pos session of; -received; -got into one's power (person); -assented to.
Bloomfield Vedic Concordance
6 results
Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar KV Abhyankar
"karaṇa" has 143 results. karaṇa (1) lit instrument; the term signifies the most efficient means for accomplishing an act; confer, compare क्रियासिद्धी यत् प्रकृष्टोपकारकं विवक्षितं तत्साधकतमं कारकं करणसंज्ञं भवति, Kāś. on साधकतमं करणम् P.I.4.42, e. g. दात्रेण in दात्रेण लुनाति; (2) effort inside the mouth (अाभ्यन्तर-प्रयत्न ) to produce sound; e. g. touching of the particular place ( स्थान ) inside the mouth for uttering consonants; confer, compare स्पृष्टं स्पर्शानां करणम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P, I.1.10 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 3; (3) disposition of the organ which produces the sound; confer, compare श्वासनादोभयानां विशेषः करणमित्युच्यते । एतच्च पाणिनिसंमताभ्यन्तरप्रयत्न इति भाति । Com. on Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) XIII.3;confer, compare also स्थानकरणानुप्रदानानि Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I.2.32: confer, compare also अनुप्रदानात्संसर्गात् स्थानात् करणविन्ययात् । जायते वर्णवैशेष्यं परीमाणाच्च पञ्चमात् Taittirīya Prātiśākhya. XXIII. 2. where karaṇa is described to be of five kinds अनुप्रदान (id est, that is नाद or resonance), संसर्ग (contact), स्थान, करणविन्यय and परिमाण; confer, compare अकारस्य तावत् अनुप्रदानं नादः, संसर्गः कण्ठे, स्थानं हनू, करणविन्ययः ओष्ठौ, परिमाणं मात्राकालः । अनुप्रदानादिभिः पञ्चभिः करणैर्वर्णानां वैशेष्यं जायते Com. on Tai. Pr. XXIII.2. The Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya mentions two karaṇas संवृत and विवृत; confer, compare द्वे करणे संवृतविवृताख्ये वायोर्भवतः Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. I. 11; (4) use of a word exempli gratia, for example इतिकरणं, वत्करणम्; confer, compare किमुपस्थितं नाम । अनार्षं इतिकरणः M.Bh.on. P.VI.1.129. adhikaraṇa (1) support: a grammatical relation of the nature of a location : place of verbal activity. confer, compare अाधारोsधिकरणम् P.I.4.45; (2) one of the six or seven Kārakas or functionaries of verbal activity shown by the locative case. cf सप्तम्यधिकरणे च P.II.4.36;(3)substance, 'dravya' confer, compare अनधिकरणवाचि अद्रव्यवाचि इति गम्यते M.Bh. on II.1.1. anukaraṇa (1) imitation; a word uttered in imitation of another; an imitative name: confer, compare अनुकरणे चानितिपरम् P.I.4.62; अनुकरणं हि शिष्टशिष्टाप्रतिषिद्धेषु यथा लौकिकवैदिकेषु, Śiva sūtra 2 Vārt 1; confer, compare also प्रकृतिवद् अनुकरणं भवति an imitative name is like its original Paribhāṣenduśekhara of Nāgeśa. Pari. 36; also M.Bh. on VIII. 2.46; (2) imitative word, onomatopoetic word; confer, compare एवं ह्याहुः कुक्कुटाः कुक्कुड् इति । नैवं त आहुः । अनुकरणमेतत्तेषाम् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I.3.48. confer, compare also दुन्दुभि: इति शब्दानुकरणम् Nirukta of Yāska. IX. 12. antakaraṇa literally bringing about as the final; an affix (which is generally put at the end); ancient term for an affix: confer, compare एतेः कारितं च यकारादिं चान्तकरणम्। अस्तेः शुद्धं च सकारादिं च । Nirukta of Yāska. I.13 anyasadṛśādhikaraṇa an object which is different from what is mentioned, yet similar to it confer, compare नञिवयुक्तमन्यसदृशा धिकरणे तथा ह्यर्थगति; । अब्राह्मणमानयेत्युक्ते ब्राह्मणसदृश आनीयते । नासौ लोष्टमानीय कृती भवति । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. III.1.12 aākhyātavyākaraṇa a treatise on verbs discussing verbal forms by VaṅgaSena. ābhīyaprakaraṇa a section of Pāṇini's grammar from VI.4.-2 to VI. 4.129, called अाभीय, as it extends to the rule भस्य VI.4.129, including it but as the governing rule भस्य is valid in every rule upto the end of the Pāda, the आभीयप्रकरण also extends upto the end of the Pāda.See अाभाच्छास्त्र a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . iṣṭatantravyākaraṇa a short treatise on grammar ascribed to Jayadeva. evakārakaraṇa use of the word एव; confer, compare उक्तममैवाव्ययेन इत्यत्र एवकारकरणस्य प्रयोजनम्० M.Bh. on P.III.4.24. kitkaraṇa marking with the mute letter क्, or looking upon as marked with mute क् for purposes mentioned a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. ; ( see कित् a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. ). The word is often used in the Mahābhāṣya; see M.Bh. on I. 1. 3, 5, 46; I.2.5, et cetera, and others kaumāra,komāravyākaraṇa (1) an alternative name of the Kātantra Vyākaraṇa given to it on the strength of the traditional belief that the original inspiration for writing it was received by Sarvavarman from Kumara or Kārtikeya; (2) small treatises bearing the name Kaumāravyākaraṇa written by Munipuṅgava and Bhāvasena. The latter has written Kātantrarūpamāla also. cāṅguvyākaraṇa the same as चाङ्गुसूत्र. cāndravyākaraṇa paddhati name of a conmentary on the चान्द्रव्याकरण written by अानन्ददत्त. citkaraṇa marking with the mute letter च्, signifying the acute accent of the last vowel; confer, compare चापि चित्करणसामर्थ्यादन्तोदात्तत्वं भविष्यति: Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. III. 1.3 Vart, 16. jainendravyākaraṇa name of a grammar work written by Pujyapada Devanandin, also called Siddhanandin, in the fifth century A.D. The grammar is based on the Astadhyay of Panini,the section on Vedic accent and the rules of Panini explaining Vedic forms being,of course, neglectedition The grammar is called Jainendra Vyakarana or Jainendra Sabdanusasana. The work is available in two versions, one consisting of 3000 sutras and the other of 3700 sutras. it has got many commentaries, of which the Mahavrtti written by Abhayanandin is the principal one. For details see Jainendra Vyakarana, introduction published by the Bharatiya Jnanapitha Varadasi. jainendravyākaraṇa mahāvṛtti name of a commentary on the Jainendra Vyakarana, written by Abhayanandin in the ninth century A. D. see जैनेन्द्रव्याकरण a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . jaumārasaṃskaraṇa the revised version by Jumuranandin of the original grammar treatise in verse called संक्षिप्तसार written by KramadiSvara, The Jaumarasamskarana is the samc as.jaumara Vyakarana, which see a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . taparakaraṇa addition of the mute letter त् after a vowel to signify the inclusion of only such varieties of the vowel as take the same time for their utterance as the vowel marked with त्; confer, compare P. I. 1.70. See त्. tulyādhikaraṇa having got the same substratum; denoting ultimately the same object; expressed in the same case the same as samanadhikarana in the grammar of Panini, confer, compare Kat. II.5.5. daśadhuṣkaraṇa the ten classes or conjugations of roots; धुष् was a term for धातु (root) in some ancient grammar works. daśadhuṣkaraṇa the ten classes or conjugations of roots; धुष् was a term for धातु (root) in some ancient grammar works. durghaṭavṛttisaṃskaraṇa a grammar work on the formation of difficult words attributed to शर्वरक्षित or सर्वरक्षित. dhātuvyākaraṇa a grammar dealing with Verbs believed to have been written by Vangasena. pitkaraṇa marking an affix with the mute consonant प् for several grammatical purposes; see पित्; cfपित्करणानर्थक्यं चानच्कत्वात् P. III. I. 33 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 5. See पित्. puṣkaraṇa a popular term used for the treatise on grammar by an ancient grammarian Apisali. confer, compare अापिशलं पुष्करणम् Kas on P. IV. 3. 15. It was called Puskarana probably because it was very extensive and widely read before Panini. For the reading दुष्करण for पुष्करण, and other details see Mahabhasya Vol. VII. pp. 132-133, D. E. Society's edition. pṛthagyogakaraṇa framing a separate rule for a thing instead of mentioning it along with other things in the same context, which implies some purpose in the mind of the author such as anuvrtti in subsequent rules, option, and so on; confer, compare पृथग्योगकरणमस्य विधेरनित्यत्वज्ञापनार्थम् Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. on P. I.3.7; confer, compare also Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. on I.3.33, I. 3. 84, I.4.58, III.1.56, IV.1.16, VII. 4.33, VIII.1.52, VIII.1.74. paurastyavaiyākaraṇa a grammarian of the eastern school which is believed to have been started by जिनेन्द्रबुद्धि the writer of the gloss called न्यास on the Kasikavrtti. The school practically terminated with पुरुषोत्तमदेव and सीरदेव at the end of the twelfth century A.D. Such a school existed also at the time of Panini and Patanjali, a reference to which is found made in प्राचां ष्फ ताद्धतः P. IV. 1.17 and प्राचामवृद्धात्फिन् बहुलम् IV.1. 160 and प्राचामुपादेरडज्वुचौ च V.3.80 where the word is explained as प्राचामाचार्याणां by the writer of the Kasika. prakaraṇa topic; context; a section wherein a particular subject is treated; confer, compare अर्थात् प्रकरणाद्वा लोके कृत्रिमाकृत्रिमयोः कृत्रिमे संप्रत्ययो भवति M.Bh. on I. 1. 23; confer, compare also सामान्यशब्दाश्च नान्तरेण विशेषं प्रकरणं वा विशेषेष्ववतिष्ठन्ते Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I. 2.45 Vart 9. prakaraṇa grantha literary works in which the treatment is given in the form of topics by arranging the original sutras or rules differently so that all such rules as relate to a particular topic are found together: the Prakriykaumudi, the Siddhantakumudi and others are called प्रकरणग्रन्थs. Such works are generally known by the name प्राक्रयाग्रन्थ as opposed to वृतिग्रन्थ. pratisaṃskaraṇa editing with improvement, with an attempt to restore the correct version or the original text in the place of the corrupt one sometimes suitable additions and improvements are also made; e. g. चरकप्रतिसंस्करण attributed to Patanjali. prācyāvaiyākaraṇa an eastern grammarian; the term प्राच्य (eastern) being a relative term, the east is to be taken with respect to the place in the context. The word प्राचां occurs many times in Panini's Sutras and the term प्राक् may refer to countries east of the river शरावती or सरस्वती in the Punjab. See प्राग्देश a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . प्राचां is understood by some commentators as referring to time, in which case, the word may refer to ancient grammarians आपिशलि, शाकटायन, इन्द्र and others who lived before Panini; confer, compare प्राचीनवैयाकरणतन्त्रे वाचनिकानि ...Par. Sek. Pari. 1. The word प्राचीन is, of course, mostly used in the sense of ancient, rather than the word प्राच्. For specific peculiarities of the eastern grammarians see pp. 148-149 Vyakarana Mahabhasya Vol. VII. D. E. Society's Edition. bṛhadvyākaraṇa siddhāntamañjūṣā a grammar work written by Ramanatha Chobhe. bhaimavyākaraṇa a grammar treatise written by भौमसेन in the fourteenth century A. D. yatprakaraṇa literally the topic or the section of यत्; the section where the taddhita affix. affix यत् is prescribedition This taddhita affix. affix यत् is prescribed in the fifth adhyaaya of Paanini in a number of rules in different and different senses ; confer, compare यत्प्रक्ररणे रथाच्च P.V. 1.6 Vaart.1 ; यत्प्रकरणे व्रह्मवर्चसान्त्व P.V.1.39 Vaart. 1. yugapadadhikaraṇa vacanatā denotation of two or more things by one single member by virtue of their being put together in a dvandva compound of two or more words; the grammarians advocate this doctrine stating that in a dvandva compound such as घटपटौ or घटपटम् , the word घट has the capacity of expressing the sense of both घट and पट, which in a sentence घटः पटश्च, it does not possess. Similarly पट also has the capacity of conveying the sense of both पट and घट. Possibly this theory is advocated by grarnmarians, on the analogy of words like पितरौ or मातरौ for मातापितरौ, द्यावा for द्यावापृथिवी and so on; confer, compare सिद्धं तु युगपदधिकरणवचने द्वन्द्ववचनात् P. II 2.29 Vart. 2. For details see Vyakaranamahabhasya on चार्थे द्वन्द्वः P. II. 2.29. yugapadadhikaraṇa vivakṣā desire to express two or more senses simultaneously (by one word) ; confer, compare सर्वाणि द्वन्द्व बह्वर्थानि। युगपदधिकरणविवक्षायां द्वन्द्वो भवति Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. II.4.62. See युगपदधिकरणवचनता. lugvikaraṇa a term used by grammarians especially in the Mahābhāșya; (confer, compare M.Bh. on P.I. 2.4, I.2.12, II.4. 77 et cetera, and others ) for such roots as have their Vikaraņa (conjugational sign) dropped by a rule with the mention of the word लुक्;exempli gratia, for example the roots of the second conjugation as contrastedition with other roots; confer, compare लुग्विकरणालुग्विकरणयोरलुग्विकरणस्य Par.Śek. Pari.90. luptavikaraṇa a term applied to roots after which the conjugational sign is dropped; e. g. roots of the second and third conjugations; confer, compare न लुप्तविकरणेभ्योनुदात्तत्वं भवति, Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. VI.1. 186. vikaraṇa an affix placed between a root and the personal ending, for showing the specific tense or mood or voice to convey which, the personal ending is applied; e. g. the conjugational signs शप् , श्यन् , श्रु, श, श्नम्, उ, श्ना and यक्, आम् , as also स्य, तास् , सिप् , अाम् and च्लि with its substitutes. Although the term विकरण is used by ancient grammarians and freely used by the Mahabhsyakara in connection with the affixes, mentioned in the sutras of Panini, such as शप् , श्यन् and others, the term is not found in the Sutras of Panini. The vikaranas are different from the major kinds of the regular affixes तिङ्, कृत्य and other similar ones. The vikaranas can be called कृत्; so also, as they are mentioned in the topic (अधिकार) of affixes or Pratyayas,they hold the designation ' pratyaya '. For the use of the word विकरण see M.Bh. on P. I.3. 12, III, 1.31 and VI. 1.5. The term विकरण is found . in the Yājñavalkya Siksa in the sense of change, ( confer, compare उपधारञ्जनं कुर्यान्मनोर्विकरणे सति ) and possibly the ancient grammarians used it in that very sense as they found the root कृ modified as करु or कुरु, or चि as चिनु, or भू as भव before the regular personal endings तिप् , तस् et cetera, and others vaiyākaraṇa literally a student of grammar; व्याकरणमधीते वैयाकरण: cf Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. on P. IV, 2.59. The word is used in the sense of 'a scholar of Grammar;'or, 'a person who has obtained proficiency in Grammar.' The word is used several times in this sense in the Mahabhasya. cf Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 1.3; I.4.2, II. 1.53, II.2.29, II.3.18, II.4.56, III.2.115 et cetera, and others The word is also used in the sense of 'pertaining to grammar' or 'found in grammar.' vaiyākaraṇa jīvātu a term used for the grammar treatise written by Cangudasa which is also called Cangusutra or Canguvyakarana. vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇa a well-known work on the grammatical interpretation of words written by Kondabhatta as an explanatory work (व्याख्यान) on the small work in verse consisting of only 72 Karikas written by his uncle Bhattoji Diksita. The treatise is also named Brihadvaiyakaranabhusana. A smaller work consisting of the same subjectmatter but omitting discussions, is written by the author for facilitating the understanding of students to which he has given the name Vaiyakarahabhusanasara. This latter work has got three commentary works written on it named Kasika, Kanti and Matonmajja and one more scholarly one Sankari, recently written by Shankar Shastri Marulkar. veyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasāra a slightly abridged form of the Vaiyakaranabhusana by the author Kondabhatta himself for students and beginners. It consists of the same number of fourteen chapters as the main treatise, which are given the name Nirnaya. See vaiyākaranabhusana. vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasāraṭīkā a commentary written on the well-known work on the sense of words and syntax written by Kondabhatta. There are many commentaries out of which, the well-known ones are (1) Darpana by Harivallabha, (2) Laghubhushanakanti by Gopaladeva, a pupil of Balambhatta Payagunde, and (3) Kasika by Harirama Kesava Kale and Sankari by Sankarasastri Marulakara vaiyākaraṇa bhūṣaṇasāravṛtti a commentary on the Vaiyākaranabhusana, written by Mahānanda in the beginning of the nineteenth century. vaiyākaraṇa śābdamālā वैयाकरणशब्दरत्नमाला a treatise on the use of words written as a helpful guide to Sanskrit writers, by a grammarian named Somayajin in 1848 A.D. vaiyākaraṇa śābdabodha import of a sentence according to the grammarians, in which verbal activity occupies a predominant place, and the residing place of the subject as also that of the verbal activity is identical in the active voice, while the object and the verbal activity have got the same place of residence in the passive voice. The other auxiliaries of activity such as the instrument, location and the like, are connected with the verbal activity. The import of the sentence चैत्रः पचति, in short, can be expressed as चैत्रकर्तृका वर्तमानकालिकां पाकक्रिया. vaiyākaraṇa sarvasva a small treatise on grammar written by a scholar of grammar named Kasinatha who has also written a few more small works वर्णविवेकचन्द्रिका, वृत्तिचन्द्रिका,धातुमञ्जरी etc vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntakārikā a very scholarly work by Bhattoji Diksita on the interpretation of words and sentences, based upon the learned discussions on that subject introduced in the Mahabhasya, Vakyapadiya, Pradipa, et cetera, and others and discussed fully in his Sabdakaustubha by the author himselfeminine. The work although scholarly and valuable, is compressed in only 72 verses ( karikas ) and has to be understood with the help of the Vaiyakaranabhusana or BhuSansara written by Kondabhatta, the nephew of the author. See वैयाकरणभूषण and वैयाकरणभूषणसार. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntakaimudī an extremely popular work on the subject of Sanskrit grammar written for the use of students, which, although difficult at a few places, enables the students by its careful study to get a command over the subject. and enable him to read other higher works on grammar. The work is based on the Astadhyayi of Panini without omitting a single Sutra. The arrangement of the Sutras is, entirely different, as the author, for the sake of facility in understanding, has divided the work into different topics and explained the Sutras required for the topic by bringing them together in the topic. The main topics or Prakaranas are twelve in number, viz. (1) संज्ञापरिभाषा, (2) पञ्चसंधि, (3) सुबन्त or षड्लिङ्ग, (4) स्त्रीप्रत्यय, (5) कारक, (6) समास, (7) तद्धित, (8) तिङन्त, (9) प्रक्रिया, (10) कृदन्त, (11) वैदिकी and (12) स्वर which are sometimes styled as व्याकरणद्वादशी. The work is generally known by the term सिद्धान्तकौमुदी, or even कौमुदी, and it has got a large number of scholarly and ordinary commentaries as also commentaries on commentaries, all numbering a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. twelve, and two abridgments the Madhyakaumudi and the Laghukaumudi. The work was written by the reputed scholar Bhattoji Diksita of Varanasi in the seventeenth century. See Bhattoji Diksita. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntakaumudīṭīkā or सिद्धान्तकौमुदीव्याख्या a general name given to the large number of commentaries written by members of the line of pupils, and pupils of pupils of Bhattoji. The well-known among the commentaries are प्रौढमनोरमा by the author himself, तत्त्वबोधिनी by ज्ञानेन्द्रसरस्वती, सुबोधिनी by जयकृष्णभट्ट मौनी बालमनोरमा by वासुदेवदीक्षित, and crowning all, the लघुशब्देन्दुशेखर by नागेशभट्ट. The प्रौढमनोरमा has got a learned commentary written by हरिदीक्षित called लघुशब्दरत्न or शब्दरत्न, which also has on it commentaries named भावप्रक्राश by बाळंभट्ट and शब्दरत्नदीप by कल्याणमल्ल. The Laghusabdendusekhara has got commentaries reaching about ten in number. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntabhūṣaṇa the same as वैयाकरणभूषण, which see a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntamañjūṣā a well-known work on the syntax and denotation of words written by Nagesabhatta which is popular by the name Laghumanjusha. The Paramalaghumanjusha is an abridgment of this work by the author himselfeminine. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntaratnākara name of a commentary on the Siddhantakaumudi by Ramakrsna in the latter half of the seventeenth century. vaiyākaraṇa siddhāntarahasya name of a commentary on the Siddhantakaumudi by Nilakantha. vyadhikaraṇa characterized by different case-relations or case-affixes; possessed of different case-affixes; क: प्रसङ्गो यद् व्यधिकरणानां समासः स्यात् Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. II. 1.67. vyākaraṇa Grammar the development of the meaning of the term can be seen by the senses given below in a serial order and the examples after those senses; (a) analysis or explanation by analysis; (b) rules of explanation; (c) specific rules explaining the formation of words; d) explanation of the formation of rules; (e) a treatise in which such an explanation is given; (f) a collection of such treatises and (g) a systematic explanation of the formation of words in a language (व्याकरणशास्त्र or शब्दानुशासन); confer, compare (a) व्यक्रियते अनेन इति व्याकरणम् ; M.Bh.on Ahnika 1, Vart. 12: confer, compare (b) लक्ष्यलक्षणे व्याकरणम्: Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). Ahnika 1, Vart. 14; confer, compare (c) न यथा लोके तथा व्याकरणे Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 1.1. Vart. 7; d) सर्वत्रैव हि व्याकरणे पूर्वोच्चारित: संज्ञी परोच्चारिता संज्ञा Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 1.1. Vart 7: (e) न तथा लोके यथा व्याकरणे M.Bh. on P, I. 1.23 Vart. 4: confer, compare (f)इह च व्याकरणे शब्दे कार्यस्य संभव:, अर्थं असंभवः | Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 1.68. confer, compare (g) व्याकरणं नाम इयमुत्तरा विद्या । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I. 2.32. The word व्याकरण is mostly used in the sense of ’the Science of Grammar ' in the Mahabhasya. It is explained by modern scholars as 'the law of the corrections of speech and etymological science' and described both as a science and an art. vyākaraṇa candrikā a short treatise on grammar written by Krsnacarya. vyākaraṇa darśana the science of Vyakarana with the element of Sphota introduced in it and brought consequently on a par with the other Darsanas by the stalwart grammar-scholar Bhartrhari of the 7th century A. D. For details see Sarvadarsanasangraha ' Paninidarsanam ' and page 385 Vol. VII. of the Vyakarana Mahabhasya edited by the D. ESociety, Poona. vyākaraṇa dīpa a small treatise on grammar by Cidrupasraya. vyākaraṇa dīpikā name of a short gloss or Vrtti on the Sutras of Panini written by a modern scholar of grammar Orambhatta of Varanasi. vyākaraṇa prakāśa name of the commentary written by Mahamisra on Jinendrabuddhi's great work 'Kasikavivaranapanjika' or Nyasa. vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣya see महाभाष्य, vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣyagūḍhārthadīpinī a brief commentary on the Mahabhasya, written by Sadasiva, son of Nilakantha and pupil of Kamalakara Diksita. The gloss confines itself to the explanations of obscure and difficult passages in the Mahabhasya and criticizes Kaiyata's explanations. vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣyapradīpa the original name of the learned commentary on Patanjali's Mahabhasya by Kaiyatabhatta the well-known grammarian of Kashmir of the eleventh century. See प्रदीप and कैयट. vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣyapradīpavivaraṇa ( ) a gloss on the Mahabhasyapradipa of Kaiyata, written by ईश्वरानन्द, a pupil of सत्यानन्द; (2) a gloss on the Mahabhasyapradipa of Kaiyata by नारायण. vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣyapradīpoddyota the wellknown scholarly commentary by the stalwart grammarian Nagesabhatta on the Mahabhasyapradipa of Kaiyata. See उद्द्योत and नागेश. vyākaraṇa mahābhāṣyavyākhyā see महाभाष्य a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . vyākaraṇa ratnāvalī a short work on grammar written by विद्यारत्न गौरमॊदन. व्याकरणसंग्रह a small grammar work written by a grammar scholar Gangadhara which is based upon the Mugdhabodha of Bopadeva. vyākaraṇa sudhānighi a gloss on the Sutras of Panini written by Visvesvara. śabdārthavyākaraṇa explanation of the sense of a word as arising from the word by stating the base, the affixes and the modifications to the base and the affixes. śākaṭāyanavyākaraṇa the treatise on grammar written by sakatayana। See शाकटायन. śuddhāśubodhasūtrārthavyākaraṇa a gloss on the Asubodha-grammar, written by a grammarian named Ramesvara. śluvikaraṇa roots characterized by the addition or application of the conjugational sign which is elided by the use of the term श्लु for elision; roots of the third conjugation; confer, compare य एते लुग्विकरणा: श्लुविकरणाश्च M.Bh.on P.III. 1.67 Vart. 2, as also on P. III 1. 91. samānādhikaraṇa words which have got the same individual object ( द्रव्य ) referred to by means of their own sense,and which are put in the same case; co-ordinate words; confer, compare तत्पुरुष: समानाधिकरणः कर्मधारयः P. I. 2.42; confer, compare अधिकरणशब्द: अभिधेयवाची । समानाधिकरण: समानाभिधेयः । Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. on P. I, 2.42. sāmatantravyākaraṇa an anonymous ancient work of the type of the Pratisakhya works dealing with the euphonic changes and accents in the padapatha of the Samaveda. sārasvatavyākaraṇa see सारस्वत a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . supadmavyākaraṇa an independent work on grammar written by a scholar of grammar named पद्मनाभ, who fourished in Mithila in the fifteenth century A. D. supadmavyākaraṇa ṭīkā a commentary written by a scholar of grammar named विष्णुमिश्र on the Supadmavyakarana, which see a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . svaritakaraṇa marking or characterizing by.a svarita accent, as is supposed to have been done by Panini when he wrote down his sutras of grammar as also the Dhatupatha, the Ganapatha and other subsidiary appendixes. Although the rules of the Astadhyayi are not recited at present with the proper accents possessed by the various vowels as given by the Sutrakara, still, by convention and traditional explanation, certain words are to be believed as possessed of certain accents. In the Dhatupatha, by oral tradition the accents of the several roots are known by the phrases अथ स्वरितेतः, अथाद्युदाताः, अथान्तेादात्ताः, अथानुदात्तेत: put therein at different places. In the sutras, a major purpose is served by the circumflex accent with which such words, as are to continue to the next or next few or next many rules, have been markedition As the oral tradition, according to which the Sutras are recited at present, has preserevd no accents, it is only the authoritative word, described as 'pratijna' of the ancient grammarians, which now is available for knowing the svarita. The same holds good in the case of nasalization ( अानुनासिक्य ) which is used as a factor for determining the indicatory nature of vowels as stated by the rule उपदेशेजनुनासिक इत्; confer, compare प्रतिज्ञानुनासिक्याः पाणिनीयाः S. K. on P. I.3.2. huṣkaraṇa the use of the sign-word हुष्, put in the grammar of Apisali according to some grammarians who read हुष्करण for पुष्करण in the Kasikavrtti on P. IV.3.115. haimavyākaraṇa a treatise on grammar written by हेमचन्द्र, called by the name हेमशब्दानुशासन. See हेमचन्द्र a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . aṅ The vikaraṇa before luṅ affixes, substituted for the affix cvi ( च्वि ) in the case of the roots mentioned by Pāṇini in sūtras III.1.52-59:(2) the Vikaraṇapratyaya in Vedic Literature before the benedictive affixes prescribed by Pāṇini in Sūtra III.1.86; (3) kṛt affix in the feminine gender showing verbal activity applied to roots marked with the mute letter ष् and the roots भिद्, छिद् and others. P.III.3 104-106.exempli gratia, for example जरा, त्रपा, भिदा, छिदा et cetera, and others abhayacandra a Jain grammarian , who wrote प्रक्रियासंग्रह, based on the Śabdānuśāsana Vyākaraṇa of the Jain Śākatāyana.His possible date is the twelfth century A. D. abhedānvaya relation of non-difference as stated by the vaiyākaraṇas between an adjective and the substantive qualified by it. e, g. नीलमुत्पलम् is explained as नीलाभिन्नमुत्पलम्. avyāpya an intransitive root; a technical term in the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa (C. Vy. I.4.70 ) as also in Hemacandra's Śabdānuśāsana; confer, compare अव्याप्यस्य मुचेर्मोग् वा । मुचेरकर्मकस्य सकारादौ सनि परे मोक् इत्ययमादेशो वा स्यात् । न चास्य द्विः । मोक्षति मुमुक्षति चैत्र: । मोक्षते मुमुक्षते वा वत्सः स्वयमेव Hemacandra's Śabdānuśāsana. IV.1.19. aṣṭamaṅgalā name of a commentary on the Kātantra Vyākaraṇa by Rāmakiśoracakravartin. asiddha invalid; of suspended validity for the time being: not functioning for the time being. The term is frequently used in Pāṇini's system of grammar in connection with rules or operations which are prevented, or held in suspense, in connection with their application in the process of the formation of a word. The term (असिद्ध) is also used in connection with rules that have applied or operations that have taken place, which are, in certain cases, made invalid or invisible as far as their effect is concerned and other rules are applied or other operations are allowed to take place, which ordinarily have been prevented by those rules which are made invalid had they not been invalidatedition Pāṇini has laid down this invalidity on three different occasions (1) invalidity by the rule पूर्वत्रासिद्धम् VIII.2.1. which makes a rule or operation in the second, third and fourth quarters of the eighth chapter of the Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. invalid when any preceding rule is to be applied, (2) invalidity by the rule असिद्धवदत्राभात् which enjoins mutual invalidity in the case of operations prescribed in the Ābhīya section beginning with the rule असिद्धवत्राभात् (VI. 4.22.) and going on upto the end of the Pāda (VI.4.175), (3) invalidity of the single substitute for two letters, that has already taken place, when ष् is to be substituted for स्, or the letter त् is to be prefixed, confer, compare षत्वतुकोरसिद्धः (VI. 1.86). Although Pāṇini laid down the general rule that a subsequent rule or operation, in case of conflict, supersedes the preceding rule, in many cases it became necessary for him to set, that rule aside, which he did by means of the stratagem of invalidity given a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . Subsequent grammarians found out a number of additional cases where it became necessary to supersede the subseguent rule which they did by laying down a dictum of invalidity similar to that of Pāṇini. The author of the Vārttikas, hence, laid down the doctrine that rules which are nitya or antaraṅga or apavāda, are stronger than, and hence supersede, the anitya, bahiraṅga and utsarga rules respectively. Later gram marians have laid down in general, the invalidity of the bahiraṅga rule when the antaraṅga rule occurs along with it or subsequent to it. For details see Vol. 7 of Vvyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya(D. E. Society's edition) pages 217-220. See also Pari. Śek. Pari. 50. aākhyāta verbal form, verb; confer, compare भावप्रधानमाख्यातं सत्त्वप्रधानानि नामानि Nirukta of Yāska. I.1; चत्वारि पदजातानि नामाख्यातोपसर्गनिपाताश्च Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). I.1. Āhnika 1 ; also A.Prāt. XII. 5, अाकार अाख्याते पदादिश्च Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). I.2.37 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 2, आख्यातमाख्यातेन क्रियासातत्ये Sid. Kau. on II.1.72, क्रियावाचकमाख्यातं Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. V.1; confer, compare भारद्वाजकमाख्यातं भार्गवं नाम भाष्यते । भारद्वाजेन दृष्टत्वादाख्यातं भारद्वाजगोत्रम् V. Prāt. VIII. 52; confer, compare also Athar. Prāt.I.I.12, 18; 1.3.3,6; II.2.5 where ākhyāta means verbal form. The word also meant in ancient days the root also,as differentiated from a verb or a verbal form as is shown by the lines तन्नाम येनाभिदधाति सत्त्वं, तदाख्यातं येन भावं स धातुः R.Pr.XII.5 where 'आख्यात' and 'धातु' are used as synonyms As the root form such as कृ, भृ et cetera, and others as distinct from the verbal form, is never found in actual use, it is immaterial whether the word means root or verb.In the passages quoted a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. from the Nirukta and the Mahābhāṣya referring to the four kinds of words, the word ākhyāta could be taken to mean root (धातु) or verb (क्रियापद). The ākhyāta or verb is chiefly concerned with the process of being and bccoming while nouns (नामानि) have sattva or essence, or static element as their meaning. Verbs and nouns are concerned not merely with the activities and things in this world but with every process and entity; confer, compare पूर्वापूरीभूतं भावमाख्यातेनाचष्टे Nir.I.;अस्तिभवतिविद्यतीनामर्थः सत्ता । अनेककालस्थायिनीति कालगतपौर्वापर्येण क्रमवतीति तस्याः क्रियात्वम् । Laghumañjūṣā. When a kṛt (affix). affix is added to a root, the static element predominates and hence a word ending with a kṛt (affix). affix in the sense of bhāva or verbal activity is treated as a noun and regularly declined;confer, compare कृदभिहितो भावे द्रव्यवद् भवति M.Bh. on II.2.19 and III. 1.67, where the words गति, व्रज्या, पाक and others are given as instances. Regarding indeclinable words ending with kṛt (affix). affixes such as कर्तुं, कृत्वा, and others, the modern grammarians hold that in their case the verbal activity is not shadowed by the static element and hence they can be,in a way, looked upon as ākhyātas; confer, compare अव्ययकृतो भावे Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇa. akhyātaprakriyā a work dealing with verbs, written by Anubhūtisvarūpācārya on the Sārasvata Vyākaraṇa. ādhṛṣīya a sub-division of roots belonging to the चुरादिगण or tenth conjugation beginning with युज् and ending with धृष् which take the Vikaraṇa णिच् optionally id est, that is which are also conjugated like roots of the first conjugation; exempli gratia, for example यीजयति,योजयते, योजति;साहयति-ते, सहति. aānandadatta name of a Buddhist grammarian,the author of the work named Cāndra-vyākaraṇa Paddhati. ārdhadhātuka a term used in contrast to the term सार्वधातुक for such verbal and kṛt affixes, as are not personal endings of verbs nor marked with the mute letter श् confer, compare तिङ्शित् सार्वधातुकम् । आर्धधातुकं शेषः। P.III.4.113 and 114. The personal endings of verbs in the perfect tense and the benedictive mood are termed ārdhadhātuka, confer, compare P. III. 4.115, 116; while both the terms are promiscuously found utilised in the Vedic Literature; confer, compare P. III. 4. 117. The main utility of the ārdhadhātuka term is the augment इ ( इट् ) to be prefixed to the ārdhadhātuka affixes. The term आर्धधातुका was in use in works of the old Vaiyākaraṇas; confer, compare अथवा आर्धधातुकासु इति वक्ष्यामि कासु आर्धधातुकासु । उक्तिषु युक्तिषु रूढिषु प्रतीतिषु श्रुतिषु संज्ञासु M.Bh. on II. 4.35. It cannot be said how the term ārdhadhātuka originatedition Probably such affixes or pratyayas, like the kṛt affixes generally, as could be placed after certain roots only were called ārdhadhātuka, as contrasted with the verbal and the present participle affixes which were termed sārvadhātuka on account of their being found in use after every root. āsvadīya a sub-division of the चुरादि (Xth conjugation ) roots, beginning with the root ग्रस् and ending with the root स्वद्, which take the Vikaraṇa णिच् id est, that is which are conjugated like roots of the tenth conjugation, only if they are transitive in sense. īp a technical term in the Jainendra Vyākaraṇa for सप्तमी (the locative case). u (1) labial vowel standing for the long ऊ and protracted ऊ3 in Pāṇini's grammar unless the consonant त् is affixed to it, उत् standing for the short उ only: (2) Vikaraṇa affix उ of the 8th conjugation ( तनादिगण ) and the roots धिन्व् and कृण्व्;confer, compare P.III. 1.79-80; (3) substitute (उ) for the vowel अ of कृ,exempli gratia, for example कुरुतः, कृर्वन्ति before weak Sārvadhātuka affixes, confer, compare P.VI 4.110; (4) kṛt (affix). affix उ added to bases ending in सन् and the roots आशंस्, भिक्ष्, विद्, इष् as also to bases ending in क्यच् in the Vedic Literature,exempli gratia, for example चिकीर्षुः भिक्षुः, बिन्दुः,इच्छुः,सुम्नयु; confer, compare P. III. 2.168-170; (5) Uṅādi affix उ ( उण् ) e.g, कारुः, वायुः, साधुः, et cetera, and others ; confer, compare Uṅādi I.1; (6) mute vowel उ added to the first letters of a class of consonants in Pāṇini's grammar to show the whole class of the five letters; exempli gratia, for example कु, चु, टु, तु, पु which stand for the Guttural, the palatal the lingual, the dental and the labial classes respectively; confer, compare also ष्टुना ष्टुः P.VIII.4.41(7) उ added to न् showing the consonant न् as nasalized n; cf, नुः V.Pr. III.133. uṅ a technical term for उपधा, the penultimate letter in the Jainendra Vyākaraṇa; confer, compare इदुदुङः Jain. V. 4.28. uccarita pronounced or uttered; the phrase उच्चरितप्रध्वंसिनः is used in connection with the mute indicatory letters termed इत् in Pāṇini's grammar, as these letters are not actually found in use in the language and are therefore supposed to vanish immediately after their purpose has been servedition The phrase 'उच्चरितप्रध्वंसिनोSनुबन्धा:' has been given as a Paribhāṣā by Vyāḍiparibhāṣāsūcana. (Pari.11), in the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa ( Par. 14), in the Kātantra Vyākaraṇa (Pari.54) and also in the Kalāpa Vyākaraṇa ( Par. 71). Patañjali has used the expression उच्चरितप्रध्वंसिनः in connection with ordinary letters of a word, which have existence for a moment and which also vanish immediately after they have been uttered; confer, compare उच्चरितप्रध्वंसिनः खल्वपि वर्णा: ...न वर्णो वर्णस्य सहायः Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I.4. 109. upanyāsa proposition, statement, The remark 'विषम उपन्यासः' is of frequent occurrence in the Vyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya in connection with statements that are defective and have to be refuted or corrected; confer, compare M.Bh. on P.1.1.21,46,50; I.2.5 et cetera, and others upasargadyotyatā the view or doctrine that prefixes, by themselves, do not possess any sense, but they indicate the sense of the verb or noun with which they are connectedition For details See Vākyapadīya II.165-206; also vol. VII. pages 370-372 of Vyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya edition by the D. E. Society, Poona. upānta literally near the last; penultimate. The word is generally found used in the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa. uv (उवङ्) substitute for the vowel उ belonging to the Vikaraṇa श्रु, to roots and to the noun भ्रू under certain conditions: cf अचि श्नुधातुर्भ्रुवां य्वोरियङुवङौ P.VI.4.77. lṛdit (roots) marked with the mute indicatory letter लृ, which take the substitute अ (अङ्) for च्लि, the Vikaraṇa of the aorist; e. g. अपतत्, अशकत् confer, compare पुषादिद्ताद्य्-लृदितः परस्मैपदेषु P.III.1.55. ekānta part, portion. Augments or Āgamas in the Vyākaraṇa Śāstra are looked upon as forming a part of the word to which they are attached; confer, compare अथ यस्यानुबन्ध आसज्यते, किं स तस्य एकान्तो भवति आहोस्विदनेकान्तः । एकान्तस्तत्रेापलब्धेः । Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on I.3.9, Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 9; confer, compare also एकान्ताः Paribhāṣenduśekhara of Nāgeśa. Pari, 5. egeliṃg ( Eggeling ) a well-known German scholar of Sanskrit Grammar who flourished in the l9th century and who edited the Kātantra Vyākaraṇa with the commentary of Durgasiṁha's Kātantra-Sūtravṛtti. and many appendices in 1876. ep a term used in the Jainendra Vyākaraṇa for the term गुण of Pāṇini standing for the vowels अ, ए and ओ; confer, compare ऋतः समादेरेप् Jain. Vy. V.2.122. aindra name of an ancient school of grammar and of the treatise also, belonging to that school, believed to have been written under instructions of Indra. The work is not available. Patañjali mentions that Bṛhaspati instructed Indra for one thousand celestial years and still did not finish his instructions in words': (Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). I.1.1 ). The Taittirīya Saṁhitā mentions the same. Pāṇini has referred to some ancient grammarians of the East by the word प्राचाम् without mentioning their names, and scholars like Burnell think that the grammar assigned to Indra is to be referred to by the word प्राचाम्. The Bṛhatkathāmañjarī remarks that Pāṇini's grammar threw into the background the Aindra Grammar. Some scholars believe that Kalāpa grammar which is available today is based upon Aindra,just as Cāndra is based upon Pāṇini's grammar. References to Aindra Grammar are found in the commentary on the Sārasvata Vyākaraṇa, in the Kavikalpadruma of Bopadeva as also in the commentary upon the Mahābhārata by Devabodha.Quotations, although very few, are given by some writers from the work. All these facts prove that there was an ancient pre-Pāṇinian treatise on Grammar assigned to इन्द्र which was called Aindra-Vyākaraṇa.For details see Dr.Burnell's 'Aindra School of Sanskrit Grammarians' as also Vol. VII pages 124-126 of Vyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya, edited by the D.E.Society, Poona. karman (1) object of a transitive verb, defined as something which the agent or the doer of an action wants primarily to achieve. The main feature of कर्मन् is that it is put in the accusative case; confer, compare कर्तुरीप्सिततमं कर्म, कर्मणि द्वितीया; P. I.4.49; II.3.2. Pāṇini has made कर्म a technical term and called all such words 'karman' as are connected with a verbal activity and used in the accusative case; confer, compare कर्तुरीप्सिततमं कर्म; तथायुक्तं चानीप्सितम् ; अकथितं च and गतिबुद्धिप्रत्यवसानार्थशब्दकर्माकर्मकाणामणि कर्ता स णौ P.I.4.49-52;cf also यत् क्रियते तत् कर्म Kātantra vyākaraṇa Sūtra. II.4.13, कर्त्राप्यम् Jain I. 2. 120 and कर्तुर्व्याप्यं कर्म Hemacandra's Śabdānuśāsana. II. 2. 3. Sometimes a kāraka, related to the activity ( क्रिया) as saṁpradāna, apādāna or adhikaraṇa is also treated as karma, if it is not meant or desired as apādāna,saṁpradāna et cetera, and others It is termed अकथितकर्म in such cases; confer, compare अपादानादिविशेषकथाभिरविवक्षितमकथितम् Kāś. on I.4.51. See the word अकथित a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. . Karman or object is to be achieved by an activity or क्रिया; it is always syntactically connected with a verb or a verbal derivative.When connected with verbs or verbal derivatives indeclinables or words ending with the affixes उक, क्त, क्तवतु, तृन् , etc, it is put in the accusative case. It is put in the genitive case when it is connected with affixes other than those mentioned a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. ; confer, compare P, II.3.65, 69. When, however, the karman is expressed ( अभिहित ) by a verbal termination ( तिङ् ), or a verbal noun termination (कृत्), or a nounaffix ( तद्धित ), or a compound, it is put in the nominative case. exempli gratia, for example कटः क्रियते, कटः कृतः, शत्यः, प्राप्तोदकः ग्रामः et cetera, and others It is called अभिहित in such cases;confer, compare P.II.3.1.Sec the word अनभिहित a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. .The object or Karman which is ईप्सिततम is described to be of three kinds with reference to the way in which it is obtained from the activity. It is called विकार्य when a transformation or a change is noticed in the object as a result of the verbal activity, e. g. काष्ठानि भस्मीकरोति, घटं भिनत्ति et cetera, and others It is called प्राप्य when no change is seen to result from the action, the object only coming into contact with the subject, e. g. ग्रामं गच्छति, आदित्यं पश्यति et cetera, and others It is called निर्वर्त्य when the object is brought into being under a specific name; exempli gratia, for example घटं करोति, ओदनं पचति; confer, compare निर्वर्त्ये च विकार्यं च प्राप्यं चेति त्रिधा मतम् । तत्रेप्सिततमम् Padamañjarī, a commentary on the Kāśikāvṛtti by Haradatta. on I.4.49: confer, compare also Vākyapadīya III.7.45 as also Kāśikāvivaraṇapañjikā, a commentary on the Kāśikāvṛtti by Jinendrabuddhi, called Nyāsa. on 1.4.49. The object which is not ईप्सिततम is also subdivided into four kinds e. g. (a) अनीप्सित (ग्रामं गच्छन् ) व्याघ्रं पश्यति, (b) औदासीन्येन प्राप्य or इतरत् or अनुभय exempli gratia, for example (ग्रामं गच्छन्) वृक्षमूलानि उपसर्पति, (c) अनाख्यात or अकथित exempli gratia, for example बलिं in बलिं याचते वसुधाम् (d) अन्यपूर्वक e.g अक्षान् दीव्यति, ग्राममभिनिविशते; confer, compare Padamañjarī, a commentary on the Kāśikāvṛtti by Haradatta. on I.4 49, The commentator Abhayanandin on Jainendra Vyākaraṇa mentions seven kinds प्राप्य, विषयभूत, निर्वर्त्य, विक्रियात्मक, ईप्सित, अनीप्सित and इतरत्, defining कर्म as कर्त्रा क्रियया यद् आप्यं तत् कारकं कर्म; confer, compare कर्त्राप्यम् Jain. Vy. I.2.120 and commentary thereon. जेनेन्द्रमधीते is given therein as an instance of विषयभूत. (2) The word कर्मन् is also used in the sense of क्रिया or verbal activity; confer, compare उदेनूर्ध्वकर्मणि P.I.3.24; आदिकर्मणि क्तः कर्तरि च P.III.4.71, कर्तरि कर्मव्यतिहारे P.I.3.14. (3) It is also used in the sense of activity in general, as for instance,the sense of a word; e. g. नामाख्यातयोस्तु कर्मोपसंयोगद्योतका भवन्ति Nirukta of Yāska. I. 3.4, where Durgācārya's commentary on the Nirukta. explains karman as 'sense' ( अर्थ ). karmāpadiṣṭa operations prescribed specifically for objects i. e. prescribed in the case of objects which are described to be functioning as the subject to show facility of the verbal action: e. g. the vikaraṇa यक् or the affix च्णि; confer, compare कर्मापदिष्टाविधय: कर्मस्थभावकानां कर्मस्थक्रियाणां वा भवन्ति । कर्तृस्थभावकाश्च दीपादयः M.Bh.on I.1.44. kalāpa (कलाप-व्याकरण) alternative name given to the treatise on grammar written by Sarvavarman who is believed to have lived in the days of the Sātavāhana kings. The treatise is popularly known by the namc Kātantra Vyākaraṇa. The available treatise,viz. Kalpasūtras, is much similar to the Kātantra Sūtras having a few changes and additions only here and there.It is rather risky to say that Kalāpa was an ancient system of grammar which is referred to in the Pāṇini Sūtra कलापिनोण् P. IV.3.108. For details see कातन्त्र. kaśyapa name of a writer on the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa. kā a technical term used in the Jainendra Vyākaraṇa for the term पञ्चमी used in Pāṇini's grammar. kātantrabālabodhinī a short explanatory gloss on the Kātantra Sūtras by Jagaddhara of Kashmir who lived in the fourteenth century and who wrote a work on grammar called Apaśabdanirākaraṇa. kāraka literally doer of an action. The word is used in the technical sense ; 1 of ’instrument of action'; cf कारकशब्दश्च निमित्तपर्यायः । कारकं हेतुरिति नार्थान्तरम् । कस्य हेतुः । क्रियायाः Kāś. on P.I. 4.23: confer, compare also कारक इति संज्ञानिर्देशः । साधकं निर्वर्तकं कारकसंज्ञं भवति । M.Bh. on P. I. 4.28. The word 'kāraka' in short, means 'the capacity in which a thing becomes instrumental in bringing about an action'. This capacity is looked upon as the sense of the case-affixes which express it. There are six kārakas given in all grammar treatises अपादान, संप्रदान, अधिकरण, करण , कर्मन् and कर्तृ to express which the case affixes or Vibhaktis पञ्चमी, चतुर्थी, सप्तमी, तृतीया, द्वितीया and प्रथमा are respectively used which, hence, are called Kārakavibhaktis as contrasted with Upapadavibhaktis, which show a relation between two substantives and hence are looked upon as weaker than the Kārakavibhaktis; confer, compare उपपदविभक्तेः कारकविभक्तिर्बलीयसी Pari. Śek. Pari.94. The topic explaining Kārakavibhaktis is looked upon as a very important and difficult chapter in treatises of grammar and there are several small compendiums written by scholars dealing with kārakas only. For the topic of Kārakas see P. I. 4.23 to 55, Kat, II. 4.8-42, Vyākaraṇa The Volume of the introduction in Marathi to the Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya, written by K. V. Abhyankar and published by the O. E. Society, Poona. . pp.262-264 published by the D. E. Society, Poona. kārita (1) ancient term for the causal Vikaraṇa, (णिच् in Pāṇini's grammar and इन् in Kātantra); (2) causal or causative as applied to roots ending in णिच् or words derived from such roots called also 'ṇyanta' by the followers of Pāṇini's grammar; confer, compare इन् कारितं धात्वर्थे Kātantra vyākaraṇa Sūtra. III.2.9, explained as धात्वर्थक्रियानाम्न इन् परो भवति धात्वर्थे स च कारितसंज्ञक;। kārtikeya the original instructor of the Kātantra or Kālāpa-vyākaraṇasūtra. Grammar, to Śarvavarman who composed the Sūtras according to inspiration received by him. The Kātantra, hence, has also got the name Kaumara Vyākaraṇa. kāśikā (1) name given to the reputed gloss (वृत्ति) on the Sūtras of Pāṇini written by the joint authors.Jayāditya and Vāmana in the 7th century A.D. Nothing definitely can be said as to which portion was written by Jayāditya and which by Vamana, or the whole work was jointly written. Some scholars believe that the work was called Kāśikā as it was written in the city of Kāśī and that the gloss on the first five Adhyāyas was written by Jayāditya and that on the last three by Vāmana. Although it is written in a scholarly way, the work forms an excellent help to beginners to understand the sense of the pithy Sūtra of Pāṇini. The work has not only deserved but obtained and maintained a very prominent position among students and scholars of Pāṇini's grammar in spite of other works like the Bhāṣāvṛtti, the Prakriyā Kaumudi, the Siddhānta Kaumudi and others written by equally learned scholars. Its wording is based almost on the Mahābhāṣya which it has followed, avoiding, of course, the scholarly disquisitions occurring here and there in the Mahābhāṣya. It appears that many commentary works were written on it, the wellknown among them being the Kāśikāvivaraṇapañjikā or Kāśikāvivaraṇapañjikā, a commentary on the Kāśikāvṛtti by Jinendrabuddhi, called Nyāsa. written by Jinendrabuddhi and the Padamañjari by Haradatta. For details see Vyākaraṇamahābhāṣya Vol.VII pp 286-87 published by the D. E. Society, Poona. ( 2 ) The name Kāśikā is sometimes found given to their commentaries on standard works of Sanskrit Grammar by scholars, as possibly they were written at Kāśī; as for instance, (a) Kāśikā on Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇasāra by Hari Dīkṣita, and ( b ) Kāśikā on Paribhāṣenduśekhara by Vaidyanātha Pāyaguṇḍe. kāśyapīvṛtti name of a gloss on the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa. ki (1) kṛt affix इ prescribed after धु roots with a prefix attached;exempli gratia, for example प्रदिः प्रधिः confer, compare P.III.3.92, 93; (2) kṛt affix इ looked upon as a perfect termination and, hence, causing reduplication and accusative case of the noun connected, found in Vedic Literature added to roots ending in अा, the root ऋ, and the roots गम्, हन् and जन्; exempli gratia, for example पपि; सोमं, जगुरिः, जग्मिः et cetera, and others , confer, compare P. III.2.171: (2) a term used in the Jainendra Vyākaraṇa for the term संबुद्वि. kuśala name of a grammarian who wrote a commentary on the Kātantra Vyākaraṇa; see कातन्त्रपञ्जिक्रा. kṛṣṇapaṇḍita called also शेषकृष्ण, a sholar of Sanskrit Vyākaraṇa who wrote गूढभावविवृत्ति,a commentary on the Prakriyā-Kaumudī of Rāmacandra Śeṣa. kṛṣṇamitra a scholar of grammar and nyāya of the 17th century A.D. who wrote many commentary works some of which are (l) a commentary called Ratnārṇava on the Siddhānta-Kaumudī, (2) a commentary named Kalpalata on Bhaṭṭoji's Prauḍhamanoramā, (3) a commentary named Bhāvadīpa on Bhaṭṭoji's Śabdakaustubha of Bhaṭṭojī Dīkṣita. , (4) a commentary on Nagojibhaṭṭa's Laghumañjūṣā of Nāgeśa. by name Kuñcikā and (5) a commentary on Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇa. kaiyaṭa name of the renowned commentator on the Mahābhāṣya, who lived in the 11th century. He was a resident of Kashmir and his father's name was Jaiyaṭa. The commentary on the Mahābhāṣya was named महाभाष्यप्रदीप by him, which is believed by later grammarians to have really acted as प्रदीप or light, as without it, the Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali would have remained unlit, that is unintelligible, at several places. Later grammarians attached to प्रदीप almost the same importance as they did to the Mahābhāṣya and the expression तदुक्तं भावकैयटयोः has been often used by commentators. Many commentary works were written on the Kaiyaṭa's Mahābhāṣyapradīpa. out of which Nageśa's Mahābhāṣya-Pradīpoddyota by Nāgeśa. is the most popular. The word कैयट came to be used for the word महाभाष्यप्रदीप which was the work of Kaiyaṭa. For details see Vyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya published by the D. E. Society, Poona, Vol. VII. pp. 389-390. koṇḍabhaṭṭa a reputed grammarian who wrote an extensive explanatory gloss by name Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇa on the Vaiyākaraṇasiddhāntakārikā of Bhaṭṭoji Dīkṣita. Another work Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇasāra. which is in a way an abridgment of the Bhūṣaṇa, was also written by him. Koṇḍabhaṭṭa lived in the beginning of the l7th century. He was the son of Raṅgojī and nephew of Bhaṭṭojī Dīkṣita. He was one of the few writers on the Arthavicāra in the Vyākaraṇaśāstra and his Bhūṣaṇasāra ranks next to the Vākyapadīya of Bhartṛhari. Besides the Bhūṣaṇa and Bhūṣaṇasāra, Koṇḍabhaṭṭa wrote two independent works viz. Vaiyākaraṇsiddhāntadīpika and Sphoṭavāda. kodṇḍarāma a scholar of Sanskrit Vyākaraṇa who composed शब्दसिद्धान्तमञ्जरी a small treatise dealing with the declension of nouns. kya common term for the Vikaraṇas क्यच् , क्यङ् and क्यञ्; confer, compare न: क्ये P. I. 4.15, also confer, compare P.III.2.170, VI. 4. 50. kṣitīśacandra (चक्रवर्तिन्) or K. C. CHATTERJI a scholar of Sanskrit grammar who has written a work on technical terms in Sanskrit, who has edited several grammar works and is at present editing the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa and conducting the Sanskrit journal named Mañjūṣa at Calcutta. ksa (1) aorist vikaraṇa affix substituted for च्लि; confer, compare P.III.1.45, 46; e. g. अदृक्षत्, आश्लिक्षत्, अधुक्षत् confer, compare Kāś. on P.III.1.45,46; (2) kṛt affix स applied to the root दृश् preceded by a pronoun such as त्यद्, तद् et cetera, and others exempli gratia, for example यादृक्षः, तादृक्ष: et cetera, and others confer, compare दृशेः क्सश्च वक्तव्य: P.III.2.60 Vārttika. (3) affix स applied to the root गाह् or ख्या or कव् to form the noun कक्ष; confer, compare कक्षो गाहतेः क्स इति नामकरण: ख्यातेर्वा कषतेर्वा Nirukta of Yāska. II.2. gaṅgādhara [GANGADHARA SHASTRI TELANG] (l) a stalwart grammarian and Sanskrit scholar of repute who was a pupil of Bālasarasvatī of Vārāṇaśī and prepared in the last century a host of Sanskrit scholars in Banaras among whom a special mention could be made of Dr. Thebaut, Dr. Venis and Dr. Gaṅgānātha Jhā. He was given by Government of India the titles Mahāmahopādhyāya and C. I.E. His surname was Mānavallī but he was often known as गङाधरशास्त्री तेलङ्ग. For details, see Mahābhāṣya, D.E. Society Ed.Poona p.p.33, 34; (2)an old scholar of Vyākarana who is believed to have written a commentary on Vikṛtavallī of Vyādi; (3) a comparatively modern scholar who is said to have written a commentary named Induprakāśa on the Śabdenduśekhara; (4) author of the Vyākaraṇadīpaprabhā, a short commentary on the Vyākaraṇa work of Cidrūpāśramin. See चिद्रूपाश्रमिन्. gadādharacakravartin the reputed Naiyāyika who wrote numerous works on the Navyanyaya; he has written a few works like व्युत्पत्तिवाद, उपसर्गविचार, कारकनिर्णय, सर्वनामविचार, प्रत्ययविचार on Vyākaraṇa themes although the treatment, as also the style, is logical. bhāṣya a learned commentary on an original work, of recognised merit and scholarship, for which people have got a sense of sanctity in their mind; generally every Sūtra work of a branch of technical learning (or Śāstra) in Sanskrit has got a Bhāṣya written on it by a scholar of recognised merit. Out of the various Bhāṣya works of the kind given a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. , the Bhāṣya on the Vyākaraṇa sūtras of Pāṇini is called the Mahābhāṣya, on the nature of which possibly the following definition is based "सूत्रार्थो वर्ण्यते यत्र पदैः सूत्रानुकारिभिः| स्वपदानि च वर्ण्यन्ते भाष्यं भाष्यविदो विदुः ।" In books on Sanskrit Grammar the word भाष्य is used always for the Mahābhāṣya. The word भाष्य is sometimes used in the Mahābhāṣya of Patanjali (confer, compare उक्तो भावभेदो भाष्ये III.3.19, IV.4.67) where the word may refer to a work like लघुभाष्य which Patañjali may have written, or may have got available to him as written by somebody else, before he wrote the Mahābhāṣya. bhāskaraśāstrī surnamed Abhyankar (1785-1870) a great grammarian in the line of the pupils of Nāgeśa who was educated at Poona and lived at Sātārā. He taught many pupils, a large number of whom helped the spread of Vyākaraṇa studies even in distant places of the country, such as Vārāṇasi and others. For details see Vyākaraṇa The Volume of the introduction in Marathi to the Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya, written by K. V. Abhyankar and published by the O. E. Society, Poona. pp. 27-29, D. E. Society's Edition. bhairavamiśra one of the reputed grammarians of the latter half of the eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century who wrote commentaries on several prominent works on grammar. He was the son of भवदेव and his native place was Prayāga. He has written the commentary called Candrakalā on the Laghuśabdenduśekhara, Parikṣā on the Vaiyākaraṇabhũṣanasāra, Gadā called also Bhairavī or Bhairavīgadā on the Paribhāṣenduśekhara and commentaries (popularly named Bhairavī) on the Śabdaratna and Lingānuśāsana. He is reported to have visited Poona, the capital of the Peśawas and received magnificent gifts for exceptional proficiency in Nyāya and Vyākaraṇa. For details see pp. 24 and 25 Vol. VII . Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya D. E. Society's Edition. bhoja the well-known king of Dhārā who was very famous for his charities and love of learning. He flourished in the eleventh century A.D. He is said to have got written or himself written several treatises on various śāstras. The work Sarasvatīkaṇṭhābharaṇa which is based on the Astādhyāyi of Pāṇini, but which has included in it the Vārttikas and Paribhāṣās also, has become in a way a Vyākaraṇa or a general work in grammar and can be styled as Bhoja-Vyākaraṇa. makarand (1) name of a commentary by Raṅganātha on the Padamañjari of Haradatta; (2) name of a commentary on the Supadma Vyākaraṇa by Viṣṇumiśra. mañjūṣā a popular name given to the work परमलघुमञ्जूषा of Nāgeśa on अर्थप्रक्रिया (science or method of interpretation) in Vyākaraṇa, which is generally read by advanced students. Nāgeśa has also written a bigger work on the same subject लघुमञ्जूषा which sometimes is also referred to by the word मञ्जूषा. matonmajjā name of a commentary on Koṇḍabhaṭṭa's Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇa written by a grammarian named वनमालिन्. mantudeva known also as मन्नुदेव, a famous grammarian of the eighteenth century who has written a commentary named दर्पणा on the Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇasāra of Koṇḍabhaṭṭa and a commentary named दोषोद्धरण on Nāgeśa's Paribhāṣenduśekhara. mahānanda a grammarian of the eighteenth century who has written a gloss on Koṇḍabhaṭṭṭa's Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣanasāra. viparyaya change in the reverse order; reverse transposition; interversion; confer, compare the usual expression वर्णविपर्यय.confer, compare वर्णागमाद् भवेद्धंसः सिंहो वर्णविपर्ययात् | S.K. on P.VI.3.109. The word व्यत्यय is used in this sense in the Mahābhāṣya; confer, compare वर्णव्यत्यये कृतेस्तर्कः | हिंसे: सिंहः ! M.Bh. on Māheśvarasūtras. 5 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 15; confer, compare also Kāś. on P.VI.3.109 and Cāndra Vyākaraṇa II.2.48. viśrāntavidyādhara name of a grammar work of a general type which once occupied a prominent position and was studied as a text book of grammar, representing an independent system. The work is referred to by Hemacandra and Haribhadra. It is attributed to Vāmana who may be the same as one of the joint writers of the Kāśikāvṛtti. In that case the date of the work is the 7th century A. D.;confer, compare the popular verse परेत्र पाणिनीयज्ञाः केचित्कालपकोविदा: । एकेकं विश्रान्तविद्याः स्युरन्ये संक्षिप्तसारकाः quoted in Vol.VII p. 388 Vyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya D.E. Society's edition. vṛtādi a class of roots headed by the root वृत् which take optionally the Parasmaipada affixes when the vikaraṇa स्य of the future tense and the conditional mood, or the desiderative vikaraṇa सन् is added to them; exempli gratia, for example वर्त्स्यति,वर्तिष्यते; अवर्त्स्यत्, अवर्तिष्यत्,; विवृत्सति, विवर्तिषते confer, compare Kāś. on P.I.3.92; confer, compare also P.VII.2.59. vṛtti (1) treatment, practice of pronunciation; (2) conversion of one phonetic element into another; confer, compare R.Pr.I.95;(3) position of the padas or words as they stand in the Saṁhhitā text, the word is often seen used in this way in the compound word पदवृत्ति; आन्पदा: पदवृत्तयः R.Pr. IV.17: (4) modes of recital of the Vedic text which are described to be three द्रुत, मध्य and विलम्बित based upon the time of the interval and the pronunciation which differs in each one; confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). on P. I.4. 109, Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). 4; also I.l.69 Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). ll ; ( 5 ) nature confer, compare गुर्वक्षराणां गुरुवृत्ति सर्वम् R.Pr.XVIII.33; (6) interpretation of a word; (7) verbal or nominal form of a root; confer, compare अर्थनित्यः परीक्षेत केनचिद् वृत्तिसामान्येन Nirukta of Yāska. II.1; (8)mode or treatment followed by a scientific treatise; cf का पुनर्वृत्तिः । वृत्तिः शास्त्रप्रवृत्तिः | M.Bh. in Āhnika l on वृत्तिसमवायार्थ उपदेश: Vārttika 10; (9) manner of interpretation with the literal sense of the constituents present or absent, described usually as two-fold जहत्स्वार्था and अजहत्स्वार्था, | but with a third kind added by some grammarians viz. the जहदजहत्स्वार्था; (10) a compound word giving an aggregate sense different from the exact literal sense of the constituent words; there are mentioned five vṛittis of this kind; confer, compare परार्थाभिधानं वृत्तिः । कृत्तद्धितसमासैकदेशधातुरूपाः पञ्च वृत्तयः | वृत्त्यर्थावबोधकं वाक्यं विग्रहः S. K. at the end of the Ekaśeṣaprakaraṇa; ( 11 ) interpretation of a collection of statements; the word was originally applied to glosses or comments on the ancient works like the Sūtra works, in which the interpretation of the text was given with examples and counterexamples where necessary: confer, compare वृत्तौ भाष्ये तथा नामधातुपारायणादिषु; introductory stanza in the Kāśikā.Later on, when many commentary works were written,the word वृत्ति was diferentiated from भाष्य, वार्तिक, टीका,चूर्णि, निर्युक्ति, टिप्पणी, पञ्जिका and others, and made applicable to commentary works concerned with the explanation of the rules with examples and counter-examples and such statements or arguments as were necessary for the explanation of the rules or the examples and counter examples. In the Vyākaraṇa-Śāstra the word occurs almost exclusively used for the learned Vṛtti on Pāṇini-sūtras by Vāmana and Jayāditya which was given the name Kāśikā Vṛtti; confer, compare तथा च वृत्तिकृत् often occurring in works on Pāṇini's grammar.
Vedabase Search
112 results
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156 results
karaṇa noun (neuter) (in law) an instrument (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a sound or word as an independent part of speech (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
act of making (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
an act (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
an action (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
an astrological division of the day (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
an organ of sense or of speech (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
articulation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
body (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
bond (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
calculation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
cause (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
charm (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
deed (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
document (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
doing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
effecting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
field (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
grain (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
heart (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
idea expressed by the instrumental case (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
instrument (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
instrumentality (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
means of action (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
mind (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a treatise of Varāhamihira on the motion of the planets (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a work belonging to the Shivadarśana (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
posture in sexual intercourse (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
posture of an ascetic (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
producing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
pronunciation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
rhythm (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
special business of any tribe or caste (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
spell (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the means or instrument by which an action is effected (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
time (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 613/72933 karaṇa noun (masculine) a sound or word as an independent part of speech (or as separated from the context (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
companion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
helper (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
man of a mixed class (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
scribe (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
writer (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 16654/72933 karaṇa adjective causing
clever (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making
skilful (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 7801/72933 karaṇa tva noun (neuter) instrumentality (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
mediate agency (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 23630/72933 karaṇa vant adjective articulated (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 21023/72933 akaraṇa ka adjective Frequency rank 31325/72933 akaraṇa adjective Frequency rank 41518/72933 akaraṇa noun (neuter) absence of action (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
not being producedFrequency rank 8378/72933 akṣetrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) non-kṣetrīkaraṇaFrequency rank 31372/72933 agnaukaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 22820/72933 aṅgīkaraṇa noun (neuter) act of taking the side of (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
agreeing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
assenting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
promising (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 26129/72933 adhikaraṇa noun (neuter) (in Gr.) government (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
(in philosophy) a substratum (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
(in rhetoric) a topic (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a category (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a claim (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a paragraph or minor section (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a receptacle (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a relation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a subject (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a topic (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
court of justice (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
location (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
magistracy (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
relationship of words in a sentence (which agree together) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
subject (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
support (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
supremacy (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of placing at the head or of subordinating government (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the sense of the locative case (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 3992/72933 adhikaraṇa vant adjective Frequency rank 42470/72933 adhikaraṇa siddhānta noun (masculine) syllogism or conclusion which involves others (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 31670/72933 anukaraṇa noun (neuter) resemblance (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
similarity (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of imitation or of following an example (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 8383/72933 anupakaraṇa adjective poorFrequency rank 22992/72933 antaḥkaraṇa noun (neuter) the conscience (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the heart (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the internal organ (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the mind (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the seat of thought and feeling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the soul (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the thinking faculty (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 5804/72933 antaḥkaraṇa tā noun (feminine) Frequency rank 43463/72933 andhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) blindingFrequency rank 26412/72933 apākaraṇa noun (neuter) driving away (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
liquidation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
payment (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
removal (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 32153/72933 apātrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) [law] a class of offencesFrequency rank 18830/72933 abhinnīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 44198/72933 abhyantarīkaraṇa noun (neuter) initiating in (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 44465/72933 amarīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 32436/72933 amṛtīkaraṇa noun (neuter) changing into nectar (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 12356/72933 amblīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 44713/72933 alaṃkaraṇa noun (neuter) decoration (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making ready (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
ornament (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
preparation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 13992/72933 avaiyākaraṇa adjective having no knowlegde about grammarFrequency rank 45524/72933 avyākaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 45556/72933 asvīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 26873/72933 ahaṃkaraṇa noun (neuter) conceit or conception of individuality (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 32940/72933 āviṣkaraṇa noun (neuter) making visible (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
manifestation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 46717/72933 unmattīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Methode, jemanden verrückt zu machenFrequency rank 33465/72933 upakaraṇa noun (neuter) any object of art or science (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
anything added over and above (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
anything fabricated (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
anything supporting life (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
apparatus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
assisting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
benefiting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
contribution (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
doing a service or favour (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
engine (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
expedient (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
helping (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
implement (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
instrument (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
machine (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
means of subsistence (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
paraphernalia (as the vessels at a sacrifice etc.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of doing anything for another (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the attendants of a king (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the insignia of royalty (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 3353/72933 upakaraṇa vant adjective competent to do anything (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
furnished with means or instruments or implements (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 14771/72933 upākaraṇa noun (neuter) beginning (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
commencement of reading the Veda (after the performance of preparatory rites) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
commencing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
fetching (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a particular Stotra or prayer at sacrifices (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
preparation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
setting about (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of bringing near (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 23525/72933 ṛjūkaraṇa noun (neuter) the act of straightening (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
[medic.] straigthening (G.J. Meulenbeld (0), 206)Frequency rank 47894/72933 ekatrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) (chemical) unionFrequency rank 47959/72933 ekīkaraṇa noun (neuter) combination (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of making one (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
uniting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 16615/72933 kavalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) swallowingFrequency rank 48918/72933 kimupakaraṇa adjective Frequency rank 49435/72933 kubjīkaraṇa noun (neuter) curving (as of a stalk) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 49693/72933 kuṣṭhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) a method to cause kuṣṭhaFrequency rank 49870/72933 kṛṣṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) blackening (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 34243/72933 kroḍīkaraṇa noun (neuter) embracing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 50390/72933 kṣetrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) being master of
occupation
possession
kṣetrīkaraṇaFrequency rank 7945/72933 kṣetrīkaraṇa adjective img/alchemy.bmpFrequency rank 50719/72933 khalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) beatingFrequency rank 50871/72933 garbhavyākaraṇa noun (neuter) name of Suśrutasaṃhitā, Śār. 4 ["careful description of the embryo"; part of the Śārīra section in medical works] (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 51178/72933 garbhiṇīvyākaraṇa noun (neuter) careful description of a pregnant woman (particular heading or subject in med.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Suśrutasaṃhitā, Śār. 10Frequency rank 51192/72933 guṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) making a merit out of (a defect) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 51385/72933 cūḍākaraṇa noun (neuter) the ceremony of tonsure (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 17913/72933 jarjarīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Kleinhacken
ZermahlenFrequency rank 52741/72933 tanūkaraṇa noun (neuter) attenuation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making thin (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
paring (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 24068/72933 tiraskaraṇa noun (neuter) concealment
hidingFrequency rank 53558/72933 dāruṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 54375/72933 dīkṣāprakaraṇa noun (neuter) name of a work (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 54470/72933 dṛḍhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) confirmation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
corroboration (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
strengthening (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 54892/72933 dūrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) removing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the making distant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 55136/72933 dvidhākaraṇa noun (neuter) arranging in two ways
the dividing into 2Frequency rank 55218/72933 dhamanīvyākaraṇa noun (masculine) name of Suśrutasaṃhitā, Śār. 9Frequency rank 55325/72933 namaskaraṇa noun (neuter) exclaiming "namas"Frequency rank 55693/72933 nānākaraṇa noun (neuter) variation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 55866/72933 nāmakaraṇa noun (neuter) the calling of a person by the name of (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the ceremony of naming a child after birth (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 16892/72933 nipātīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 56023/72933 niradhikaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 56077/72933 nirantarālīkaraṇa noun (neuter) filling sth.
making sth. continuousFrequency rank 56083/72933 nirākaraṇa noun (neuter) contradicting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
denying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
driving away (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
expelling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
forgetting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
neglecting the chief sacrificial or religious duties (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
opposing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
removing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
repudiating (of a woman) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
separating (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
turning out (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 15822/72933 nirmalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) img/alchemy.bmpFrequency rank 24401/72933 nirviṣīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 28715/72933 niṣkaraṇa adjective Frequency rank 56436/72933 niṣṭhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Stärken
VerfestigenFrequency rank 56461/72933 nistṛṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) removing grassFrequency rank 56520/72933 niḥśeṣīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 56555/72933 pakṣīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 56843/72933 pañcīkaraṇa noun (neuter) causing anything to contain all the 5 elements (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making into 5 (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of several wks (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 56956/72933 paramīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 36627/72933 paryagnikaraṇa noun (neuter) the ceremony of carrying fire round the sacrificial animal (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 57509/72933 pavitrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) means of purifying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
purification (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 36764/72933 pāṇḍūkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 57700/72933 piṇḍīkaraṇa noun (neuter) addition
making into a lump or ball (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 36892/72933 piśācīkaraṇa noun (neuter) transforming into a Piśāca (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 58051/72933 pṛthakkaraṇa noun (neuter) separating (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
setting apart (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 58358/72933 prakaṭīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Sichtbar-Machen
VerdeutlichenFrequency rank 37085/72933 prakaraṇa noun (neuter) a kind of drama with a fictitious plot (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a subject (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
book (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
chapter (esp. introduction or prologue) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
creation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
discussion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
doing much or well (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
explanation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
matter (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
monograph (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a work (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
occasion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
opportunity (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
production (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
question (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
topic (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
treating with respect (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
treatise (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
treatment (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 3688/72933 prakaraṇa sama noun (masculine) [logic]Frequency rank 21787/72933 prakāśīkaraṇa noun (neuter) illuminationFrequency rank 58580/72933 pratikaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 58722/72933 pratyakṣīkaraṇa noun (neuter) looking at (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making manifest or apparent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
viewing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 59044/72933 prāduṣkaraṇa noun (neuter) bringing to light (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
manifestation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
production (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 37461/72933 badhirīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 59977/72933 bahiṣkaraṇa noun (neuter) an external organ (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
exclusion from (abl.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
expulsion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 24831/72933 bhasmīkaraṇa noun (neuter) burning (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
calcining (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
reducing to ashes (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
img/alchemy.bmpFrequency rank 18262/72933 bhogīkaraṇa noun (neuter) enjoymentFrequency rank 29497/72933 bhūtakaraṇa noun (neuter) name of the augment (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 60914/72933 malinīkaraṇa noun (neuter) an action which defiles (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
staining (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of soiling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 38086/72933 miśrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) seasoning (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of mixing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 62248/72933 mukhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) "Mundöffnen" beim QuecksilberFrequency rank 29709/72933 mūkīkaraṇa noun (neuter) making deafFrequency rank 62682/72933 raṇālaṃkaraṇa noun (masculine) a heron (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 63318/72933 laghūkaraṇa noun (neuter) contemning (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
diminishing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
diminution (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
lessening (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of making light (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
thinking little of (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 64029/72933 layīkaraṇa noun (neuter) hidingFrequency rank 64089/72933 vajrīkaraṇa noun (neuter) the making into a Vajra or into the form of a thunderbolt (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 30029/72933 vaṭakīkaraṇa noun (neuter) production of pillsFrequency rank 64499/72933 vandhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 64623/72933 vayaskaraṇa adjective Frequency rank 39056/72933 vartamānīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 64748/72933 vartulīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 64757/72933 vaśīkaraṇa noun (neuter) bewitching (by means of spells etc.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
overcoming by charms and incantations etc. (with gen. or ifc.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
subjugating (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of making subject (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 8680/72933 vājīkaraṇa adjective an aphrodisiac (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a work (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 5057/72933 vājīkaraṇa vidhi noun (masculine) name of Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā, Utt. 40Frequency rank 65055/72933 vikaraṇa noun (masculine) (in gram.) a term for the affix or conjugational characteristic which is placed between the root and terminations (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a white variety of Calotropis Gigantea
ein bestimmter yoga-Zustand
name of Śiva
the inserted conjugational affix (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 10192/72933 vikaraṇa adjective deprived of organs of sense (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 17204/72933 vinākaraṇa noun (neuter) removalFrequency rank 65689/72933 vimalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) purificationFrequency rank 39433/72933 viśālīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 66103/72933 viśvātmīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 66167/72933 vedyīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 66605/72933 vaiyākaraṇa adjective grammatical (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
relating to grammar (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 66720/72933 vaiyākaraṇa noun (masculine) a grammarian (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 39727/72933 vyaktīkaraṇa noun (neuter) the act of making manifest or clear or distinct (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 66782/72933 vyākaraṇa noun (neuter) (with Buddhists) prediction (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
creation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
detailed description (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
development (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
discrimination (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
distinction (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
explanation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
grammar (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
grammatical analysis (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
grammatical correctness (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
manifestation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
polished or accurate language (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
prophecy (one of the nine divisions of scriptures) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
revelation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
separation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the sound of a bow-string (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 9482/72933 vyākulīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 66878/72933 śabdānukaraṇa adjective imitating sounds (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 67215/72933 śarīrasaṃkhyāvyākaraṇa noun (masculine) name of Suśr., Śār. 5Frequency rank 67294/72933 śālīnīkaraṇa noun (neuter) abuse (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
humiliation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
reproach (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the making humble (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 67511/72933 śītalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 67769/72933 śītīkaraṇa noun (neuter) act of cooling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
means of cooling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 40074/72933 śuklīkaraṇa noun (neuter) making white (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
whitening (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 67860/72933 śṛṅkhalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) img/alchemy.bmpFrequency rank 67935/72933 śyāmīkaraṇa noun (neuter) (a means for) making blackFrequency rank 68132/72933 śvetīkaraṇa noun (neuter) (a means for) making whiteFrequency rank 22469/72933 sakalīkaraṇa noun (neuter) making completeFrequency rank 22478/72933 sapiṇḍīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 12258/72933 sapiṇdīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 68793/72933 samīkaraṇa noun (neuter) (in arithm.) equation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a roller (to level a sown field) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
assimilation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
equalizing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
levelling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
putting on a level with (instr.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
setting to rights (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of making even (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 69097/72933 saṃkarīkaraṇa noun (neuter) confusing (esp. illegal intermixture of castes or any similar illegality) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
mixing together (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 22573/72933 saṃjñākaraṇa noun (neuter) giving a name (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of an alchemical preparationFrequency rank 69830/72933 saṃskaraṇa noun (neuter) cremating (a corpse) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
preparing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of putting together (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 30939/72933 sākṣātkaraṇa noun (neuter) actual feeling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
immediate cause of anything (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
intuitive perception (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of putting before the eyes (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 40763/72933 sādhāraṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) a state of generalityFrequency rank 40773/72933 sāntaḥkaraṇa adjective Frequency rank 70305/72933 subhagaṃkaraṇa adjective causing luckFrequency rank 71012/72933 subhagaṃkaraṇa noun (neuter) means for obtaining luckFrequency rank 20328/72933 sumṛtīkaraṇa noun (neuter) img/alchemy.bmpFrequency rank 71059/72933 suvarṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) transformation into goldFrequency rank 71236/72933 sopakaraṇa adjective properly equipped (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
together with the implements (as a thieve) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 71473/72933 stambhīkaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 72926/72933 sūtrīprakaraṇa noun (neuter) Frequency rank 71721/72933 sthirīkaraṇa adjective making firm (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 41214/72933 sthirīkaraṇa noun (neuter) confirmation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
corroboration (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
hardening (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making durable (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making firm or fixed (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 31164/72933 sphuṭīkaraṇa noun (neuter) correction (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making true or correct (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
manifestation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of making clear or evident (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 41251/72933 svakaraṇa noun (neuter) making (a woman) one's own (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
marrying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 72063/72933 svarṇīkaraṇa noun (neuter) img/alchemy.bmpFrequency rank 41322/72933 svasthīkaraṇa ka noun (neuter) Gegenmittel (gegen einen Zauber)Frequency rank 72212/72933 svīkaraṇa noun (neuter) accepting (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
acquiring (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
appropriating (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
making one's own (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
marrying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
taking to wife (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))Frequency rank 7498/72933
Ayurvedic Medical Dictionary Dr. Potturu with thanks
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aṣṭāṅga
eight branches of ayurveda : kāya, bāla, śalya, śalākya, graha, agada, rasāyana, vajīkaraṇa.
karaṇa
modification, cleaning raw food material, one of āhāravidhiviśeṣayatana (āhāra.vidhi.viśeṣa.yatana) or culinary science.
simhanāda
an expert in rasāyana and vājīkaraṇa and believer of Jainism.
vedāṅga
vedic auxiliary disciplines; phonetics (śikṣa), ritual (kalpa), grammar (vyākaraṇa), etymology (nirukti), meter (chandas) and astrology (jyotiṣa).
Wordnet Search
"karaṇa" has 143 results.
karaṇa
andhānukaraṇa m
kasyāpi vyaktādayaḥ yogyāyogyatāyāḥ vicārād vinā eva kṛtam anukaraṇam।
vartamānāḥ yuvānaḥ pāścātyasabhyatāyāḥ andhānukaraṇaṃ kurvanti।
karaṇa
anumatiḥ, sammatiḥ, svīkṛtiḥ, anumatam, sammatam, aṅgīkaraṇa m, aṅgīkṛtiḥ, anujñaptiḥ
svīkaraṇasya kriyā।
bhārataśāsanena asyāḥ pariyojanārthe anumatiḥ dattā।
karaṇa
bhāṣāntaram, bhāṣāntarīkaraṇa m, avataraṇam, avatāraḥ, vivaraṇam, anuvādaḥ, chāyā
anyasyāṃ bhāṣāyāṃ nirūpaṇam।
rāmāyaṇasya bhāṣāntaraṃ naikāsu bhāṣāsu dṛśyate।
karaṇa
vivaraṇam, vyākhyā, vyākhyānam, vivṛtiḥ, vivaraṇam, vyākhyā, vyaktikaraṇa m, prakaṭīkaraṇa m, ṭīkā
kliṣṭavākyādīnāṃ spaṣṭīkaraṇam।
saṃskṛtaślokānām vivaraṇaṃ sulabhaṃ nāsti।
karaṇa
cintanam, cintā, vicāraṇam, vicāraṇā, vicāraḥ, dhyānam, abhidhyānam, ādhyānam, bhāvanā, mananam, manovyāpāraḥ, antaḥkaraṇa vyāpāraḥ, cittavyāpāraḥ, cittaceṣṭā, manaceṣṭā, antaḥkaraṇa ceṣṭā
vicāraṇasya kriyā।
cintanād paścāt asya praśnasya samādhānam prāptam।
karaṇa
spaṣṭīkaraṇa m, vyākhyā, prakāśanam, vivaraṇam, vivṛtiḥ, ṭīkā
anyasya avagamanārthe viśadīkaraṇam।
vipakṣeṇa arthanītiprastāvaviṣaye sarvakārāt spaṣṭīkaraṇam abhyarthitam।
karaṇa
ākṣepaḥ, apavādaḥ, parivādaḥ, abhiśaṃsanam, abhiśāpaḥ, piśunavākyam, kalaṅkaḥ, akīrtikaraṇa m, ayaśaskaraṇa m, akīrtiḥ
doṣāropaṇam।
avicārya kasyāpi śīlasya ākṣepaḥ ayogyaḥ।/ viruddhamākṣepavacastitikṣitam।
karaṇa
lekhanī, ālekhanī, kalamaḥ, tūliḥ, tūlikā, akṣaratūlikā, varṇikā, varṇāṅkā, śrīkaraṇa ḥ, masipathaḥ, akṣarajananī, avalekhā, avalekhanī
masyā kargaje lekhanasya sādhanam।
eṣā lekhanī kenacit mahyam upāyanatvena dattā।
karaṇa
pākasādhanam, pākopakaraṇa m
pākanirmāṇārthe upayuktaṃ sādhanam।
cullī iti ekaṃ pākasādhanam।
karaṇa
sādhanam, upacāraḥ, sādhanasāmagrī, sāmagrī, sāhityam, upāyaḥ, kāraṇam, upakaraṇa m, karaṇa m, dvāram, karmasādhanam, kāryasādhakam
yasya sāhāyyena kāryasya siddhiḥ jāyate।
vāhanaṃ yātrāyāḥ sādhanam asti।
karaṇa
hastopakaraṇa m
tat upakaraṇaṃ yad hastena prayujyate।
kuddālaḥ iti ekaṃ hastopakaraṇam।
karaṇa
phusaphusākaraṇa m
phusaphusa iti anukaraṇaviṣayiṇī kriyā।
tayoḥ phusaphusākaraṇaṃ śrutvā mama manasi aniṣṭāśaṅkā utpannā।
karaṇa
anukaraṇa m, anusaraṇam
yāṃ dṛṣṭvā tatsadṛśā kriyamāṇā kriyā।
sādhujanānām anukaraṇaṃ karaṇīyam।
karaṇa
jalayāna-upakaraṇa m, jalayānopakaraṇa m
tad upakaraṇaṃ yad jalayānena sambaddham asti।
cappū iti jalayāna-upakaraṇam asti।
karaṇa
gantram, cālakayantram, cālakopakaraṇa m, cālakaḥ
tad yantraṃ yad aṅgāravidyudādibhiḥ nirmitayā śaktyā sañcalati tathā ca anyān yantrān sañcālayati।
gantrasya kārye bādhād vimānam avatīryate।
karaṇa
sandhānam, samavadhānam, sajjīkaraṇa m, sajja, racanam, racanā, viracanam, viracanā, upākarma, sambhāra, sambhṛti
kāryārambhāt prāk kṛtaṃ karma।
sīmāyāḥ vivāhasya sandhānaṃ kriyate।
karaṇa
vyañjanam, upaskaraḥ, temanam, sūdaḥ, upakaraṇa m
sūpaśākādau rasavardhanāya upayujyam annopakaraṇam।
vyañjanena śākaḥ rūcakaraḥ jātaḥ।
karaṇa
adhyāyaḥ, paricchedaḥ, adhyayaḥ, sargaḥ, parvaḥ, vicchedaḥ, skandhaḥ, prakaraṇa m, prastāvaḥ, aṅkaḥ, vargaḥ, śākhā, ullāsaḥ, ucchvāsaḥ, āśvāsaḥ, udyataḥ
ekaviṣayapratipādanadṛṣṭyā granthasthitaprakaraṇasya avayavaḥ।
asmin adhyāye prabhurāmacandrasya janmanaḥ adbhutaṃ varṇanam asti।
karaṇa
upakaraṇa m, sādhanam, sāmagryam, sāmagrī, sambhāraḥ, upaskaraḥ
kāryādiṣu upayujyamānā vastu।
saḥ krīḍārthe upakaraṇāni krītavān।
karaṇa
antarātmā, antaḥkaraṇa
sadasadvivekabuddheḥ antaḥ sthitam adhiṣṭhānam।
antarātmanaḥ śabdaḥ satyaḥ।
karaṇa
nirākaraṇa m, apākaraṇa m, samādhānam
savicāraṃ nirṇayanakriyā।
mama praśnasya nirākaraṇaṃ jātam।
karaṇa
vismayaḥ, āścaryam, camatkaraṇa m, camatkāraḥ, camatkṛtiḥ, codyam
manasaḥ saḥ bhāvaḥ yaḥ kiñcit abhūtapūrvaṃ dṛṣṭvā śrutvā jñātvā vā jāyate।
mām akasmāt dṛṣṭvā tasya vismayaḥ abhūt।
karaṇa
vilamba, vilambanam, kālayāpaḥ, kālakṣepaḥ, kṣepaḥ, vikalpaḥ, dīrghasūtratā, dīrghīkaraṇa m
niyata samayāt adhikaḥ samayaḥ।
vilambaḥ jāyate āgacchāmi cintā māstu।
karaṇa
dharmasabhā, rājadvāram, vyavahāramaṇḍapaḥ, vicārasthānam, dharmādhikaraṇa m, sadaḥ
yogyāyogyaparikṣaṇārthe śāsananirmitaṃ vicārasthānam।
bhrātā dharmasabhām agacchat।
karaṇa
adhyāyaḥ, pāṭhaḥ, paricchedaḥ, sargaḥ, vargaḥ, udghātaḥ, aṅkaḥ, saṃgrahaḥ, ucchvāsaḥ, parivartaḥ, paṭalaḥ, parvaḥ, āhnikam, prakaraṇa m
granthasandhiḥ।
upādhyāyena pravacane gītāyāḥ pañcamasya adhyāyasya vivaraṇaṃ kṛtam।
karaṇa
durvyavahāraḥ, anācaraṇam, kadācāraḥ, anācāraḥ, durācaraṇam, durācāraḥ, duṣṭācaraṇam, apakaraṇa m, apacāraḥ, asadbhāvaḥ, asadvyavahāraḥ
duṣṭam ācaraṇam।
kenāpi saha durvyavahāraḥ na kartavyaḥ।
karaṇa
śodhanam, saṃskaraṇa m
kimapi vastu kāryaṃ vā adhikam upayuktaṃ bhavituṃ kṛtā kriyā।
kāryasya asya śodhanam āvaśyakam।
karaṇa
upakaraṇa m, tantram
kārye pradhānāṅgībhūtopakārakadravyam।
kṛṣakaḥ vividhān upakaraṇān upayujyate।
karaṇa
indriyam, hṛṣīkam, viṣayi, akṣam, karaṇa m, grahaṇam
jñānakarmasādhakaḥ śarīrasya avayavaḥ।
netrakarṇādayāni indriyāṇi santi।
karaṇa
upakaraṇa bhāgaḥ
kasyāpi upakaraṇasya ko'pi bhāgaḥ।
upakaraṇabhāgasya bhañjanāt upakaraṇaṃ naśyati।
karaṇa
nūtanīkaraṇa m
samayasya samāpteḥ anantaraṃ tasya vaidhīkaraṇasya kriyā।
mama paricayapatraṃ nūtanīkaraṇāya dattam asti।
karaṇa
yantropakaraṇa m
tad upakaraṇaṃ yasya saṃcālanaṃ kasyāpi yantrasya mādhyamena kriyate।
raḍāra iti ekaṃ yantropakaraṇam asti।
karaṇa
kṛṣi-upakaraṇa m, kṛṣyupakaraṇa m
kṛṣeḥ upakaraṇam।
halaḥ iti ekaḥ kṛṣi-upakaraṇam asti।
karaṇa
vivāhaḥ, upayamaḥ, pariṇayaḥ, udvāhaḥ, upayāmaḥ, pāṇipīḍanam, dārakarmaḥ, karagrahaḥ, pāṇigrahaṇam, niveśaḥ, pāṇikaraṇa m, saṃbandhaḥ, pāṇigrahaḥ, dārasambandhaḥ, udvahaḥ, dāropasaṃgrahaḥ, pāṇigrāhaḥ, parigrahaḥ, prodvāhaḥ, saṃgrahaḥ, samudvāhaḥ, pariṇītam, adhigamanam, udvahanam, udvāhanam, karārpaṇam, dārādhigamanam, niveśanam, patitvam, patitvanam, parigrahatvam, pariṇayanam, bāndhukyam, maithunam
saḥ dhārmikaḥ sāmājikaḥ vā saṃskāraḥ yena strīpuruṣau parasparaṃ patipatnīrūpeṇa svīkurutaḥ।
sohanasya vivāhaḥ rādhayā saha jātaḥ।
karaṇa
vyākaraṇa m
dhanuṣaḥ dhvaniḥ।
arjunasya dhanuṣaḥ vyākaraṇaṃ śrutvā virodhakāḥ bhītāḥ।
karaṇa
prakāśa-upakaraṇa m
tad upakaraṇaṃ yad prakāśaṃ yacchati।
dīpakaḥ pracchannadīpaḥ ityādīni prakāśa-upakaraṇāni santi।
karaṇa
vaijñānika-upakaraṇa m
vijñānasya kṣetreṇa tathā ca prakriyāsiddhāntādibhiḥ sambaddham upakaraṇam।
sūkṣmadarśī iti ekaṃ vaijñānika-upakaraṇam asti।
karaṇa
nāṭakam, prakaraṇa m, rūpam, rūpakam
gadyapadyādimayī kṛtiḥ yā raṅgamañce naṭaiḥ pradarśyate।
tena likhitāni naikāni nāṭakāni raṅgamañce pradarśitāḥ।
karaṇa
viṣayaḥ, prakaraṇa m, sandarbhaḥ, vastu, prasaṃgaḥ, prasaṅgaḥ
yasya vivecanaṃ kriyate।
aham asmin viṣaye kimapi vaktuṃ na icchāmi।
karaṇa
abhirakṣā, yogakṣemaḥ, kṣemavidhānakaraṇa m
kṣatipūrteḥ pratiśrutiḥ yā dhanarūpeṇa janebhyaḥ saṃsthāyai vā pratidīyate yasyāḥ dānaṃ taireva pūrvaṃ bhāgaśaḥ kṛtaṃ vartate।
tasya kārayānasya abhirakṣā vartate।
karaṇa
prakaraṇa m, vādaḥ, abhiyogaḥ, akṣaḥ
aparādhādhikārasambandhe anyena virodhe svārthasambandhitayā nyāyālaye kathanam।
etad prakaraṇaṃ vimarśārthe nyāyālaye asti।
karaṇa
vaśīkaraṇa vidyā, vaśīkaraṇa m, vaśakriyā, saṃvadanam
vidyāviśeṣaḥ, maṇimantrauṣadhairāyattīkaraṇam yena janāḥ prayoktuḥ icchayā kāryaṃ karoti;
tāntrikeṇa vaśīkaraṇavidyāṃ prayujya mohanaṃ svasya vaśīkṛtaḥ
karaṇa
caulam, cūḍāsaṃskāraḥ, śiromaṇḍanam, cūḍākaraṇa m
hindūnāṃ ṣoḍaśeṣu saṃskāreṣu ekaḥ yasmin bālakasya keśāḥ muṇḍyante।
saḥ vārāṇasīnagare svaputrasya caulam ācarat।
karaṇa
vargīkaraṇa m, pravibhāgaḥ, gaṇatā, gaṇīkaraṇa m
vastūnāṃ janānāṃ vā teṣāṃ guṇakarmādīn anusṛtya vibhājanam।
tena svajñānānusāreṇa jantujagataḥ vargīkaraṇaṃ kṛtam।
karaṇa
vibhājanam, vibhāgaḥ, vibhaktiḥ, vicchedaḥ, vibhedaḥ, khaṇḍanam, pṛthakkaraṇa m, viyogaḥ, viśleṣaḥ, dalanam
vibhinneṣu bhāgeṣu vastūnāṃ vitaraṇam।
rāmaḥ svaputrayoḥ kṛte gṛhasya vibhājanam akarot।
karaṇa
viṣayaḥ, prakaraṇa m, vastu, āśayaḥ
keṣucit lekheṣu granthādau vā nirūpitāḥ vicārāḥ athavā yasya nirūpaṇaṃ karaṇīyam asti।
premacandamahodayasya kathānāṃ viṣayaḥ grāmya-sthitiḥ āsīt।
karaṇa
saṃsthāpanam, sthāpanā, siddhiḥ, pratiṣṭhāpanam, nirmāṇam, vidhānam, racanā, ghaṭanā, ghaṭanam, sthirīkaraṇa m
saṃsthādīnāṃ samyak sthāpanam।
āṅglaśāsakebhyaḥ bhāratadeśam unmoktuṃ naikeṣāṃ krāntikārīsaṃsthānāṃ saṃsthāpanam abhavat।
karaṇa
karaṇa m
sādhakatamaṃ karaṇam।
karaṇasya vibhaktiḥ tṛtīyā asti।
karaṇa
pariṣkaraṇa m, śodhanam, saṃskāraḥ, saṃśodhanam
doṣān apanitvā samyakkaraṇasya kriyā।
kūpasya jale raktabheṣajaṃ saṃmiśrya tasya pariṣkaraṇaṃ kṛtam। /
punaḥ punaḥ pariṣkaraṇaṃ kṛtvā eva kāryaṃ sidhyati।
karaṇa
śuddhīkaraṇa m, pariṣkāraḥ, pariśodhanam, pavitrīkaraṇa m, vimalīkaraṇa m, śodhanam
samalam amalaṃ karoti।
vāpyāḥ jale auṣadhaṃ saṃmiśrya tasya śuddhīkaraṇaṃ kṛtam।
karaṇa
vaśīkaraṇa m, saṃvadanam, saṃvadanā, vaśakriyā
maṇimantrauṣadhairāyattīkaraṇam।
tāntrikaḥ vaśīkaraṇena rāmaṃ svavaśam akarot।
karaṇa
catura, caturaka, nipuṇa, niṣṇa, niṣṇāta, viśārada, paṭu, pravīṇa, prājña, vicakṣaṇa, vidagdha, paṭumati, paṭiṣṭha, paṭīyas, peśala, praṇata, pratīta, aṇuka, abhijña, ullāgha, ṛbhu, ṛbhumat, ṛbhuṣṭhira, ṛbhva, ṛbhvan, ṛbhvas, karaṇa , karmaṭha, karmaṇya, kalāpa, kaliṅga, kalya, kārayitavyadakṣa, kuśala, kuśalin, kṛtakarman, kṛtamukha, kṛtin, kṛtnu, kriyāpaṭu, cheka, chekala, chekāla, tūrṇi, tejīyas, dhīvan, dhīvara, dhṛtvan, dhṛṣu, nadīṣṇa, nayaka, nāgara, nāgaraka, nāgarika, nirgranthaka, nirgranthika, proha, prauṇa, bahupaṭa, budha, budhda, matimat, manasvin, marmajña, vijña, viḍaṅga, vidura, vidvala, śikva, sudhī, suvicakṣaṇa, samāpta
yaḥ cāturyeṇa kāryaṃ karoti।
catureṇa ārakṣakeṇa aparāddhānāṃ ekaḥ saṅghaḥ gṛhītaḥ।
karaṇa
dravīkaraṇa m, dravībhavanam
bāṣpasya dravarūpe parivartanam।
sugandhitadravyasya nirmāṇaṃ dravīkaraṇasya prakriyayā bhavati।
karaṇa
tāḍanam, āghātaḥ, prahāraḥ, prahārakaraṇa m, praharaṇam, āhananam, viṣpandaḥ
āghātanasya kriyā।
adya tasya tāḍanaṃ bhaviṣyati।
karaṇa
nāmakaraṇa m
nāmaniściteḥ kriyā।
puruṣasya vastunaḥ vā nāmakaraṇaṃ tasya paricayārthe āvaśyakameva asti।
karaṇa
nāmakaraṇa saṃskāra
ṣoḍaśasaṃskāre ekaḥ saṃskāraḥ।
navajātasya nāmakaraṇasaṃskāraḥ kriyate।
karaṇa
nāmāṅkanam, nāmalikhanam, nāmāropaṇam, nāmābhilekhanam, pañjīkaraṇa m
kasyāñcit pañjikāyāṃ sūcyāṃ vā nāmnaḥ samāveśanam।
ekā paricārikā rugṇālaye rogiṇāṃ nāmāṅkanaṃ kurvatī āsīt।
karaṇa
pañjīkaraṇa m
pañjikāyām abhilekhanam।
aśokaḥ sādhanā ca nyāyālayaṃ gatvā svavivāhasya pañjīkaraṇam akurutām।
karaṇa
āviṣkaraṇa m
nāṭakasya prastutiḥ।
nāṭakasya āviṣkaraṇaṃ samyak āsīt।
karaṇa
vandhyākaraṇa m
karaṇa
vilayanam, dravīkaraṇa m, saṃlayanam
dravye kasyāpi vastunaḥ ekatrībhavanam।
śarkarāyāḥ jale vilayanena pānakaṃ bhavati।
karaṇa
vaiyākaraṇa ḥ, vyākaraṇa jñaḥ, vyākaraṇācāryaḥ, vyākaraṇa vid
vyākaraṇaśāstrasya jñātā।
pāṇiniḥ vaiyākaraṇaḥ āsīt।
karaṇa
vyākaraṇa m, padānuśāsanam, śabdaśāsanam, śabdaśāstram
tat śāstraṃ yasmin śabdasya prakārādeḥ nirupaṇam asti।
bhāṣāyāḥ mūlādhāraḥ vyākaraṇam।
karaṇa
śītakriyā, śītīkaraṇa m
kañcit vastu rakṣituṃ tasya tāpaharaṇam।
śītakriyayā payohimaṃ nirmīyate।
karaṇa
svīkāraḥ, pratipattiḥ, pratigrahaḥ, pratigrahaṇam, grahaṇam, āvānam, svīkaraṇa m, aṅgīkāraḥ
aṅgīkaraṇasya kriyā।
vivāhasya varṣadvayānantarapi varuṇena svapatnyāḥ svīkāraḥ na kṛtaḥ।
karaṇa
udāttīkaraṇa m
udāttasvarūpapradānasya kriyā।
vartamānasya śāsanasya udāttīkaraṇasya nītyā janāḥ ānanditāḥ।
karaṇa
udyogīkaraṇa m
nūtanānām udyogānāṃ nirmāṇam tathā ca teṣāṃ vardhanam।
neharumahodayasya pradhānamantripadasya kāryakāle udyogīkaraṇaṃ protsāhitam।
karaṇa
navīkaraṇa m, navībhāvaḥ, uddhāraḥ
punaḥ nūtanasvarūpapradānam।
mama gṛhasya navīkaraṇaṃ pracalati।
karaṇa
anuṣṭhānam, ācaraṇam, vidhānam, karaṇa m, sampādanam, niṣpattiḥ, siddhiḥ, nirvāhaḥ, nirvahaṇam
suyogyarītyā kāryasya samāpanam।
asya kāryasya anuṣṭhānaṃ samyakatayā jātam।
karaṇa
bahiṣkāraḥ, bahiṣkaraṇa m, parivāsaḥ, tyajanam, vyavacchedaḥ, nirākriyā
niṣkāsanasya kriyā।
rāmeṇa anyajātīyayā yuvatinā saha vivāhaḥ kṛtaḥ ataḥ samājaḥ tasya bahiṣkāram akarot।
karaṇa
alaṃkaraṇa m, ābharaṇam, maṇḍanam, vibhūṣaṇam, bhūṣaṇam, prasādhanam, upaskāraḥ, pariṣkaraḥ, rūṣaṇam
śobhāvardhanam।
rājaputrasya rājyābhiṣekasya samaye rājaprāsādasya alaṅkaraṇam atīva manohāri āsīt।
karaṇa
adhikaraṇa m
vyākaraṇaśāstrānusāreṇa tat kārakaṃ yat karmaṇaḥ kartuḥ vā kriyāniṣpādanāya ādhāraḥ bhavati।
ṅī os sup ityete adhikaraṇasya pratyayāḥ santi।
karaṇa
alaṅkaraṇa m, bhūṣaṇam, prasādhanam, maṇḍanam
alaṅkārādibhiḥ svasya śobhāṃ vardhanam।
adhikāḥ striyaḥ alaṅkaraṇaṃ kṛtvā eva gṛhāt bahiḥ gacchanti।
karaṇa
prakaraṇa m
vyavahārasya viṣayaḥ।
bhavān vyaktigate prakaraṇe na vyāpriyatām।
karaṇa
vṛjanam, nirākaraṇa m, samādhanam
nirīkaraṇasya kṛtiḥ bhāvaḥ vā;
kulādhipatinā sambandhināṃ kalahasya vṛjanaṃ kartavyam
karaṇa
bahiṣkaraṇa m
bahiḥstham aṅgam।
hastau karṇau ityādayaḥ bahiṣkaraṇāni santi।
karaṇa
saṅkaraḥ, saṅkaraṇa m
kasyāpi nūtanasya jāteḥ vargasya vā racanārthaṃ vibhinnānāṃ jātīnāṃ vargāṇāṃ prāṇināṃ kṣupāṇāṃ vā saṃsargasya kriyā।
aśvasya gardabhasya ca saṅkareṇa aśvataraḥ jātaḥ।
karaṇa
miśraṇam, saṃmiśraṇam, miśrīkaraṇa m, saṃyogaḥ, saṃyojanam, sammelanam, saṃsargaḥ, samparkaḥ, saṃṅkalanam, saṅkiraṇam, ekīkaraṇa m
bhinnavastūnām melanam।
pañjarī iti miśraṇam asti।
karaṇa
adhikaraṇa m
kasminnapi vastuni adhikārasya pradarśanam।
kanyāpi pituḥ sampattau adhikaraṇaṃ kartuṃ śaknoti।
karaṇa
alaṅkaraṇa
alaṅkriyate anena।
atra alaṅkaraṇyāḥ sāmagryāḥ pradarśanaṃ vartate।
karaṇa
nirvṛkṣīkaraṇa m
vṛkṣāṇāṃ chedanena vṛkṣarāhityasya kriyā।
mānavaḥ pṛthivyāṃ nirvṛkṣīkaraṇena svameva āpattiṃ nayati।
karaṇa
adhikaraṇa śulkam
nyāyālaye kasyacana prārthanāyāḥ kāle aṅkapatrakarūpeṇa dātavyaṃ śulkam।
tena śatarupyakāṇi adhikaraṇaśulkaṃ pradattam।
karaṇa
vaśīkaraṇa m
sā kriyā yayā anye prāṇinaḥ adhīnāḥ bhavanti।
hiṃsrāṇāṃ prāṇināṃ vaśīkaraṇaṃ kaṭhinam।
karaṇa
pṛthakkaraṇa m, viśleṣaḥ, vibhedaḥ, vicchedaḥ
vibhajanasya kriyā।
kāryakṣamatāyāḥ vardhanāya asyāḥ saṃsthāyāḥ pṛthakkaraṇam āvaśyakaṃ jātam।
karaṇa
anukaraṇa m
samānam ācaraṇam।
bhavataḥ tasya anukaraṇaṃ na kartavyam।
karaṇa
nāgarīkaraṇa m
nagare parivartanasya kriyā।
nāgarīkaraṇāt saṃyuktāḥ parivārāḥ vibhajyante।
karaṇa
yāntrikīkaraṇa m
nūtanānāṃ yantrāṇāṃ nirmiteḥ tathā ca prayogasya kriyā।
yāntrikīkaraṇāt grāmeṣu paramparayā pracalitāḥ vyavasāyāḥ prabhāvitāḥ।
karaṇa
pradāyaḥ, āpūrtiḥ, sambhāraḥ, saṃcayaḥ, sañcayaḥ, saṅgrahaḥ, sāhityam, saṃvidhā, upaskaraḥ, upakaraṇa jātam
kasyāpi vastvādeḥ śūnyatvasya paripūraṇārthaṃ tasya preṣaṇasya vā dānasya vā kriyā।
asmin nagare vaidyutaśakteḥ pradāyaḥ alpībhūtaḥ।
karaṇa
prasādhanam, alaṅkaraṇa m
alaṅkāraracanādinā suśobhīkaraṇasya kriyā।
kṛṣṇena kṛtena rādhāyāḥ prasādhanāt anantaraṃ kāvyaṃ samāptim agamat।
karaṇa
tantuvāyaḥ, tantukaraṇa m
tantūnāṃ racanāyāḥ kriyā।
pūrvaṃ pāṭhaśālāsu tantuvāyaḥ api pāṭhyate sma।
karaṇa
anukaraṇa kāvyam
hāsyarase racitā sā kavitā yā bhaṇḍāḥ iva kasyāpi upahāsārthaṃ racitā।
asmābhiḥ vivāhasamaye anukaraṇakāvyam api gīyate।
karaṇa
anukaraṇa kāvyam
hāsyarase racitā sā kavitā yā kasyāpi racanāyāḥ anukaraṇaṃ karoti parantu upahāsamayī vartate।
saḥ calacitrasya gītānām anukaraṇakāvyaṃ racayati।
karaṇa
vivādī, prakaraṇa vādī
yaḥ prāyaḥ prakaraṇeṣu vyastaḥ।
nyāyālayaḥ vivādināṃ samūhena paripūrṇaḥ।
karaṇa
nijīkaraṇa m
kasyāpi śāsakīyasya vastunaḥ saṃsthāyāḥ vā ādhipatyaṃ yadā anyasmai janāya saṃsthāyai vā dīyate sā kriyā।
kāścanānāṃ vittakośānāṃ nijīkaraṇam āvaśyakam।
karaṇa
yogakṣemaḥ, kṣemavidhānakaraṇa m
tat dhanaṃ yat it anena uddeśyena śāsakīye kośe samāniveśyate yena tasya vṛddhiḥ samāniveśakasya parivārāya labhyate।
teṣāṃ sārdhaikaṃ lakṣaṃ kṣemavidhānakaraṇam asti।
karaṇa
apanayanam, utsāraṇam, dūrīkaraṇa m
apasaraṇasya pṛthakkaraṇasya vā kriyā।
asya apanayanam āvaśyakam।
karaṇa
apanayanam, apākaraṇa m, dūrīkaraṇa m
sthānatyāgapreraṇāyuktā kriyā।
tasya apanayanena na prayojanam।
karaṇa
apākaraṇa m, apākarma, śodhaḥ, śodhanam
dhanādīnāṃ pradānam।
asmin varṣe śāsakīyasya ṛṇasya apākaraṇaṃ na bhaviṣyati।
karaṇa
aprakaraṇa m
apradhānaḥ viṣayaḥ।
aprakaraṇe samayayāpanaṃ mā karotu।
karaṇa
kaṇḍanam, bahulīkaraṇa m, nistuṣīkaraṇa m
bījānāṃ vivecanāya dhānyāt kāṇḍānām apākaraṇam।
tena kaṇḍanam asvīkṛtam।
karaṇa
kaṇḍanabhṛtiḥ, bahulīkaraṇa bhṛtiḥ, nistuṣīkaraṇa bhṛtiḥ
bījānāṃ vivecanāya dhānyāt kāṇḍānām apākaraṇasya vetanam।
adya yāvat tena mahyaṃ kaṇḍanabhṛtiḥ na dattā।
karaṇa
parāvartanam, vakrībhāvaḥ, vakrīkaraṇa m
prakāśasya dhvaneḥ vā ekasmāt sthānāt saṃspṛśya pratyāgamanasya kriyā।
krakacāyatāt prakāśasya parāvartanaṃ bhavati।
karaṇa
saśaktīkaraṇa m, prabalīkaraṇa m
durbalānāṃ durbalatvajanakānāṃ ghaṭakānāṃ nyūnīkaraṇam।
mahilānāṃ saśaktikaraṇārthaṃ samājena prayatnaḥ kartavyaḥ।
karaṇa
jīvāṇunāśanam, śuddhikaraṇa m
jīvāṇūnāṃ nāśasya kriyā।
cikitsakāḥ upakaraṇānāṃ jīvāṇunāśanaṃ tān jale kvathitvā kurvanti ।
karaṇa
kārāvāsaḥ, kārānirodhaḥ, kārābaṃdhanaṃm, nirodhaḥ, baṃdhanam, āsedhaḥ, pragrahaḥ, baṃdīkaraṇa m
vidhim anusṛtya aparādhasya kṛte diṣṭaḥ daṇḍaḥ yena aparādhī ekasmin sthāne ruddhaḥ bhavati।
tasya kṛte varṣatrayaparyantaṃ kārāvāsaḥ ādiṣṭaḥ।
karaṇa
rāṣṭrīyīkaraṇa m
yasmin vastuni sthānādiṣu vā kasyāpi manuṣyasya adhikāraḥ vartate tat parivartayitvā tasminneva sarvakārasya rāṣṭrasya vā adhikārasthāpanasya kriyā।
naikānāṃ vittakoṣānāṃ rāṣṭrīyīkaraṇaṃ jātam।
karaṇa
samānādhikaraṇa m
vyākaraṇaśāstrīyaḥ samānārthābhidhāyi-śabdeṣu vidyamānaḥ sambandhaviśeṣaḥ- śabdāt/śabdasaṅghātāt paraḥ śabdaḥ vākyāṃśaḥ vā pūrvokta śabdasya/śabdasaṅghātasyaiva arthaḥ abhidhīyate। [saṃskṛte anena sambandhena sambaddhāḥ śabdāḥ samānavibhaktiṣu upayujyante।];
ācāryavaraḥ samānādhikaraṇasya kānican udāharaṇāni pāṭhayati।
karaṇa
āviṣkaraṇa m, sphuṭīkaraṇa m, samprakāśanam
amūrtasya mūrtarūpeṇa abhivyaktiḥ।
kvacit svapne yad dṛśyate tasya āviṣkaraṇam api bhavati।
karaṇa
avayavaḥ, avayavasūcakaśabdaḥ, aṅgam, aṃśaḥ, upakaraṇa m, ekadeśaḥ
sākalyena yad ekaghaṭakatvena svīkriyate bhāgavācakaḥ śabdaḥ yaśca avayavāvayavibhāvasambandhena avayavinā saha sambadhyate।
anāmikā-madhyamā-kaniṣṭhikāḥ hastasya avayavāḥ santi।
karaṇa
sadaḥ, dharmasabhā, rājadvāram, vyavahāramaṇḍapaḥ, vicārasthānam, dharmādhikaraṇa m
śāsakaḥ tathā ca amātyavargasya maṇḍalam, yad rājyasya praśāsanaṃ nirvahanti;
sadasi dharmam anusṛtya daṇḍavidhānaṃ kriyate
karaṇa
pariśodhanam, pavitrīkaraṇa m, śodhanam, pariṣkāraḥ, saṃskāraḥ
doṣādīnāṃ dūrīkaraṇam।
manuṣyeṇa kāryasya pariśodhanaṃ kartavyam।
karaṇa
pariṣkaraṇa -śālā, pariṣkaraṇa -śālā
yantrāgāraviśeṣaḥ।
pariṣkaraṇa-śālāyāṃ aśuddhānāṃ dravānāṃ śuddhiḥ bhavati।
karaṇa
vājīkaraṇa ḥ, madanaśalākā, vājīkaram, vīryavṛddhikaram, vṛṣyam
puruṣasya kāmaśakteḥ vardhakaṃ dravyam।
nāgabalā vājīkaraṇaḥ asti।
karaṇa
nyūnīkaraṇa m, alpīkaraṇa m
kasyāpi vastunaḥ kṣayasya kriyā।
ārakṣakāḥ aparādhānāṃ nyūnīkaraṇam icchanti।
karaṇa
anukaraṇa m, anukriyā, anukṛtiḥ, anuvṛttiḥ, anukarma
kasyacit vartanaṃ sambhāṣaṇaśailīṃ vā samyak avalokya tadanusāram eva kṛtam ācaraṇam।
jyeṣṭhānām anukaraṇaṃ na yogyam।
karaṇa
pṛthakkaraṇa m
bahuṣu vastuṣu pratyekasya vastunaḥ sambhedaṃ kṛtvā sthāpanasya kriyā।
mātā vastrāṇāṃ pṛthakkaraṇaṃ karoti।
karaṇa
avitkaraṇa m
pāśupatadarśanānusāraṃ tad karma yad anyeṣāṃ matena nindanīyaṃ bhavati।
avitkaraṇasya kartā yogyāyogyasya vivekena rahitaḥ bhavati।
karaṇa
avyaktānukaraṇa
avyaktasya padasya śabdasya vā anukaraṇam।
paśūnāṃ pakṣiṇāṃ ca dhvaneḥ manuṣyaiḥ kṛtam anukaraṇam avyaktānukaraṇam asti।
karaṇa
ekīkaraṇa m
dvayoḥ adhikānāṃ vā vastūnāṃ saṃyojanasya kriyā।
rāsāyanika-tatvānām ekīkaraṇena yaugikapadārthāḥ jāyante।
karaṇa
tuṣṭīkaraṇa m
santoṣapradānasya kriyā।
sarvakāreṇa kasyāpi ekasya samudāyasya tuṣṭīkaraṇaṃ na kartavyam।
karaṇa
samīkaraṇa m
samānāyāṃ sthitau sthāpanasya kriyā।
samīkaraṇena vinā asambhavam idam।
karaṇa
samīkaraṇa m
gaṇitaśāstrānusāreṇa yayā kriyayā jñātayā rāśyā ajñātā rāśiḥ jñātuṃ śakyate।
ayaṃ praśnaḥ samīkaraṇena nirākaraṇīyaḥ।
karaṇa
ādhunikīkaraṇa m
ādhunikapaddhatyā ācaraṇam।
videśinām anukaraṇena vayaṃ naikeṣāṃ vastūnāṃ paddhatīnāṃ vā ādhunikīkaraṇaṃ kurmaḥ।
karaṇa
adyatanīkaraṇa m
kasyāpi vastunaḥ adyatanīyāyāṃ sthitiṃ yāvat samīcinīkaraṇam।
lekhāyāḥ adyatanīkaraṇāya saḥ vittakoṣaṃ gatavān।
karaṇa
vikendrīkaraṇa m
sattāyāḥ śakteḥ vā kendrāt anyasthāne gamanaṃ vistāraḥ vā।
laghūnāṃ rājyānāṃ avadhāraṇayā eva sattāyāḥ vikendrīkaraṇaṃ sambaddham asti।
karaṇa
vikendrīkaraṇa m
sā sāmājikī prakriyā yasyāṃ janasamudāyaḥ tathā ca udyogāḥ nagarāt bahiḥ dūre sthānāntaritāḥ bhavati।
vikendrīkaraṇena nagarasya pradūṣaṇaṃ nyūnībhavati।
karaṇa
niḥśastrīkaraṇa m
śastrahīnakaraṇasya kriyā।
sampūrṇāyāḥ pṛthivyāḥ niḥśastrīkaraṇaṃ sulabhaṃ nāsti।
karaṇa
saṃskaraṇa m
nūtanīkaraṇasya suśobhīkaraṇasya ca kriyā।
asmin saṃskaraṇasya āvaśyakatā asti।
karaṇa
saṃskaraṇa
dvijātīyānāṃ kṛte vihitā saṃskārasya kriyā।
paṇḍitaḥ adhunā api saṃskaraṇaṃ karoti।
karaṇa
niḥśeṣīkaraṇa m
niḥśeṣasya kriyā।
tibbatadeśe udbhūtasya pakṣījvaraḥ iti vyādheḥ niḥśeṣīkaraṇaṃ kṛtam।
karaṇa
yātrābhikaraṇa m
yā saṃsthā yātrāyāḥ prabandhaṃ karoti।
idānīṃ yātrābhikaraṇaṃ bhinnaiḥ prastāvaiḥ janān ākarṣayanti।
karaṇa
dhruvīkaraṇa m
sā ghaṭanā yasyāṃ prakāśasya anyasya vikiraṇasya vā kiraṇāḥ kampanasya diśam abhi pratibadhyante।
bahutaraṅgagrāhakena vidyuccumbakīyānāṃ taraṅgāṇāṃ dhruvīkaraṇaṃ kriyate।
karaṇa
dhruvīkaraṇa m
dhruvīyatāyāḥ dhruvīyatādānasya vā avasthā।
cumbakīyena uddīpanena mastiṣkasya tantrikākośikānāṃ dhruvīkaraṇaṃ samāpya pārkiṃsanavyādheḥ upacārāḥ kriyante।
karaṇa
prāyaścittaprakaraṇa m
ekā kṛtiḥ ।
saṃskṛta-vāṅmaye prāyaścittaprakaraṇam iti vikhyātā racanā
karaṇa
kratukaraṇa m
yajñīyahavanam ।
kratukaraṇasya ullekhaḥ āpastamba-śrauta-sūtre samupalabhyate
karaṇa
sārasvatavyākaraṇa m
vyākaraṇasya ekaḥ prakāraḥ ।
sārasvatavyākaraṇasya ullekhaḥ koṣe asti
karaṇa
kratukaraṇa m
yajñīyahavanam ।
kratukaraṇasya ullekhaḥ āpastamba-śrauta-sūtre samupalabhyate
karaṇa
trisūtrīkaraṇa m
ekā racanā ।
trisūtrīkaraṇasya ullekhaḥ śāradātilake vartate
karaṇa
jīvadayāprakaraṇa m
ekaḥ jainagranthaḥ ।
jīvadayāprakaraṇasya ullekhaḥ koṣe asti
karaṇa
jīvopalambhaprakaraṇa m
ekaḥ jainagranthaḥ ।
jīvopalambhaprakaraṇasya ullekhaḥ koṣe asti
karaṇa
trisūtrīkaraṇa m
ekā racanā ।
trisūtrīkaraṇasya ullekhaḥ śāradātilake vartate
karaṇa
dantadhāvanaprakaraṇa m
ekaṃ prakaraṇam ।
dantadhāvanaprakaraṇaṃ parāśarasmṛtyāṃ vartate
karaṇa
kātantram, kalāpaka , kaumāravyākaraṇa m
ekaṃ vyākaraṇam ।
kātantram pāṇininā parigaṇitam